EP1586708B1 - Device for the coupling of a tool on the frame of a loader, in particular an agricultural loader. - Google Patents

Device for the coupling of a tool on the frame of a loader, in particular an agricultural loader. Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1586708B1
EP1586708B1 EP05364011A EP05364011A EP1586708B1 EP 1586708 B1 EP1586708 B1 EP 1586708B1 EP 05364011 A EP05364011 A EP 05364011A EP 05364011 A EP05364011 A EP 05364011A EP 1586708 B1 EP1586708 B1 EP 1586708B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tool
locking
standard
rod
orifices
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Not-in-force
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EP05364011A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1586708A2 (en
EP1586708A3 (en
Inventor
Loic Mailleux
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Mailleux SA
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Mailleux SA
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Publication of EP1586708A2 publication Critical patent/EP1586708A2/en
Publication of EP1586708A3 publication Critical patent/EP1586708A3/en
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
    • E02F3/28—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets
    • E02F3/36—Component parts
    • E02F3/3604—Devices to connect tools to arms, booms or the like
    • E02F3/3609—Devices to connect tools to arms, booms or the like of the quick acting type, e.g. controlled from the operator seat
    • E02F3/3631—Devices to connect tools to arms, booms or the like of the quick acting type, e.g. controlled from the operator seat with a hook and a transversal locking element

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the mounting of a tool on the tool holder frame of a loader, including a front loader for agricultural use which is mounted on a tractor.
  • a loader is a hydraulically driven material handling machine designed to handle a variety of materials on a farm, such as straw, hay, manure, soil, fertilizer, cereals, beets, apples of soil, of silage, in particular.
  • These tools are in particular skips, claws, grapples, blades, forks, pallet trucks, or combined tools, such as clamshells, for example.
  • the tool holder frame attached to the end of the loader arms and the back face of the tool (face facing the loader) have complementary coupling means whose design allows the rapid change of the tool.
  • a difficulty encountered by manufacturers and their user customers lies in the fact that there is no standardization in the field, so that a tool from a given manufacturer is not necessarily adaptable on a loader assembly / tool holder frame from another manufacturer.
  • a first standard, marketed under the trademark "MAILLEUX”, is characterized in that the tool holder frame comprises a pair of identical hooking hands of approximately “U” -shaped section, whose opening is directed upwards, arranged coaxially and symmetrically from both sides of the vertical and longitudinal median plane of the tool holder frame, while the dorsal face of the tool is provided, at the top, with a pair of coaxial bars, so dimensioned and positioned that each of them can fit and fit inside a hanging hand.
  • Each bar is mounted between two fittings, one of which extends downwards, and has a locking hole and a notch.
  • the tool-holder frame is equipped with a locking device comprising a pair of pins movable in translation, each adapted to fit into one of these orifices, and ensuring the attachment of the tool to the frame-holder tool.
  • the notch serves as a bearing area of the lower part of the tool against appropriate stops which is provided with the tool holder frame.
  • the locking device is controlled manually, using an operating lever, or hydraulically, by means of a jack, as described for example in the document FR 2,776,316 .
  • a second standard, particularly used on the German market, and commonly referred to as "DGS”, is characterized in that the tool holder frame comprises a pair of coaxial hooking bars arranged symmetrically on either side of the vertical and longitudinal plane. middle of the tool holder frame, while the dorsal surface is provided, in the upper part, a pair of coaxial hooks, whose opening is directed downwards, so dimensioned and positioned that each of them can engage on a hanging bar, and imprison him.
  • the back face of the tool comprises a pair of fittings having a locking hole, and a support zone for its lower part.
  • the locking holes, and correlatively the pins that penetrate have different diameters; the diameter of these orifices is 30 mm for the first standard and 20 mm for the second.
  • a third standard particularly used on the Swedish market, and commonly referred to as "SMS" has a structure similar to that of the second standard, the bars being carried by the tool holder frame, and the hooks by the tool.
  • each of the locking holes is constituted not by a bore drilled in a fitting, but by an eyelet fixed to the base of a flat rod whose upper part carries a hook.
  • each hook is therefore in the same vertical and longitudinal plane as a locking hole, whereas according to the first two standards, the hooking means (bars or hooks) are offset laterally outwards. relative to the fittings in which the locking holes are drilled.
  • the hooks of the second and third standards both U-shaped overturned, have different widths; correspondingly, the fastening bars have different diameters, of value 40 mm for the second standard, and 60 mm for the third.
  • the snap bars of the first standard have, for their part, a diameter having a value of 50 mm.
  • the present invention aims to solve these incompatibility problems by providing a locking device adapted to ensure the locking on the tool holder frame, a tool according to the first aforementioned standard, and at least one of two others, this tool holder frame being nevertheless relatively simple design, an acceptable cost, and convenient to use.
  • the invention does not concern, on the other hand, the means of attachment and support of the tool on the tool holder frame, this aspect of the question being treated in another patent application filed simultaneously and simultaneously by the applicant.
  • This device comprises a first pair of locking pins adapted to penetrate into locking holes provided on integral fittings of a tool according to a given standard-said first standard, and a second pair of locking pins adapted to penetrate into locking holes, of different diameter, provided on integral fittings of a tool according to at least one other standard, and the first and second pair of locking pins are driven jointly by a single control system.
  • this device comprises a pair of coaxial cylindrical rods which extend transversely and horizontally and are simultaneously movable in axial translation under the action of said control system, towards the outside of the tool holder frame in order to lock, and towards the inside of the tool holder frame in the unlocking direction.
  • EP-A-1,528,163 published May 4, 2005, describes a device for locking a tool on the tool holder frame of a loader.
  • This device comprises a first and a second pair of adapted pins, one to penetrate into locking holes provided on integral fittings of the tool, which conforms to a given standard, and, the other, to penetrate into locking holes of different diameter provided on integral fittings of a tool according to at least one other standard.
  • the EP-A-1,528,163 uses a "U" bent cylindrical bar whose two ends have a smaller diameter section.
  • the two end portions of the locking bar move in the same direction, both to one side for locking, to the other side for unlocking.
  • the bent part of the bar, forming a handle is a projecting piece which protrudes on one side outside the tool holder frame, which poses problems of width and risk of space requirements. hooking.
  • the single control system can occupy a central and symmetrical, or almost symmetrical, position. There is no component overrange outside the frame, and the aforementioned guiding problem does not arise.
  • the pin guide remains in the template of the tool holder regardless of the spacing of the tool's hardware.
  • the figure 1 represents an agricultural tractor TA equipped with a CH loader of known type, comprising a BR stretcher whose lifting and lowering movements are provided by a hydraulic cylinder VL said lifting cylinder.
  • a tool holder frame 1 which is articulated at its base, its pivoting being provided by another hydraulic cylinder VB said tipping cylinder or digging cylinder.
  • a set of connecting rods BC ensures the connection between the rod of this jack VB and the tool holder frame 1.
  • This tool holder frame is provided in its upper part with hooking means M1, intended to cooperate with complementary means M2 provided to ensure a tool 2, for example a bucket, to ensure mutual solidarity, conveniently, quickly, and allowing easy change of tools.
  • the means M2 are fixed on the dorsal face of the tool 2; in addition, FE fittings located on the back of the tool 2 have OV locking holes through which the locking pins carried by the tool holder frame 1 can pass, so as to ensure the attachment of the tool to this door frame -tool.
  • the FE fittings have at their base a bearing zone ZA , for example in the form of a notch, able to bear against a crossbar BA extending transversely to the base of the frame 1.
  • longitudinal direction will be referred to as the horizontal direction corresponding to the direction of travel of the tractor (located in the plane of the drawing sheet of the figure 1 ) and "transverse direction” the direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction (perpendicular to the plane of the sheet).
  • This tool holder frame 1 has a generally symmetrical configuration with respect to the median longitudinal vertical plane.
  • the two flanges are fixed by welding at the ends of a pair of high 10 and low 11 crosspieces, which consist of cylindrical metal rods.
  • the tool holder frame is provided with a pair of fasteners M1 which, as indicated above, are not strictly part of the invention; they are located in the upper part of each of the flanges 3-4.
  • a locking device 8 which, in known manner, is adapted to ensure displacements in axial translation, along an axis referenced Z-Z ' , of two coaxial locking rods 80, this at means of a cylinder, hydraulic or pneumatic, centered on the axis Z-Z ' , and whose body and the piston carry the references 6 and 7 respectively.
  • these movements can be controlled mechanically, using a manually operable lever.
  • stirrup constituted by an angled plate shaped " L " returned, whose upper branch (horizontal) is welded to the flange 4, while its vertical branch 40 is fixed to the lower cross member 11.
  • the hydraulic cylinder is disposed between two fixed plates 41, located inside the vertical plates 40 of the aforementioned stirrup, parallel to the latter.
  • the device comprises a pair of identical cylindrical sleeves, or sleeves, referenced 5, also centered on the Z-Z ' axis, and mounted at each end of the cylinder 6-7.
  • the plates 40 are each pierced with a bore allowing the free passage of a rod 80.
  • One of the sleeves 5 is integral with the cylinder body 6; the other is secured to the end of the piston rod 71.
  • Each of the plates 40 is also pierced with a circular opening, centered on the axis Z-Z ', through which one of the locking rods 80 passes through. Their respective diameters are such that the locking rod 80 can slide freely through this opening, but not the sleeve 5, the outer end face bears against the inner face of the associated plate 40.
  • the cylinder 6-7 is mounted "floating" between the plates 41, which means that they are not immobilized in translation, the abutment of one of the elements 6 or 7 against a fixed part, during the extension of the locking, having the effect of distributing the thrust force within the assembly so that the other element 7 or 6 in turn comes into abutment against a fixed part, as is known per se.
  • each locking rod 80 is extended axially outwardly by a cylindrical portion of smaller diameter 9, called "pin".
  • Figures 12 to 14 which represents one of the sleeves 5 (located on the right of the figure 2 , and integral with the piston rod 71), the latter is closed on the inner side by a bottom 53 and receives the rod 80 which can slide thereon over a certain axial stroke; the wall of the sleeve has a pair of elongate openings, or lumens, 50, extending longitudinally (in a generatrix) and diametrically opposite.
  • the rod 80 is traversed, in its inner end zone, by a pin whose projecting ends 81 form sliding fingers engaging in these slots 50. This cooperation of the fingers 81 with the lights defines the axial displacement stroke of the rod 80 with respect to the sleeve 5.
  • An elastic member in this case a helical compression spring 52 interposed between the bottom 53 and the rod 80, constantly tends to push the latter out of the sleeve 80, so that the fingers 81 abut against the outer edge of the lights 50.
  • the figure 3 represents the dorsal surface of a tool belonging to a first standard, of the type marketed by MAILLEUX.
  • the coupling elements of this tool on the tool holder frame essentially comprise a pair of vertical fittings 20a which run from the upper part to the lower part of the dorsal face of the bucket, to which they are welded, and a pair of legs 20'A, each located vis-à-vis the upper part of each fitting, to a certain distance from it, towards the outside.
  • each fitting 20A and the associated tab 20'A is fixed a bar 21A of horizontal and transverse axis.
  • the two bars 21A equipping the tool are located symmetrically on either side of a longitudinal central vertical axis and are arranged coaxially, that is to say in the extension of one another.
  • the fittings 20A In their lower part, the fittings 20A have a locking orifice 22A and a notch 23A.
  • the orifices 22A are also coaxial, as are the notches.
  • the tool of figure 4 which conforms to a second standard, in this case the German standard designated "DGS" is also a body 2B, whose back face is provided with a pair of fittings 20B similar to those of the previously described tool 2A.
  • DGS German standard
  • fittings 20B are slightly closer to each other than the fittings 20A.
  • a hook 2 1 B On the outer side, at the upper part of each fitting, is fixed a hook 2 1 B whose active part has the general shape of a beak "U" returned, forming a semi-cylindrical cavity.
  • the fittings 20B have in the lower part a locking hole 22 B.
  • these fittings have a flat edge 23B which acts as a bearing surface against the tool holder, as will be seen below.
  • the 2C tool shown in figure 5 is a claw. It is a third standard compliant service tool on the Swedish market, designated "SMS”.
  • the fittings provided on the back of these tools are vertical flat rods 20C which are provided in the upper part of a hook 21C having the shape of a spout whose opening, semi-cylindrical, is turned downwards.
  • each fitting At the base of each fitting is provided a semi-cylindrical eyelet 22C. It has a transverse opening acting as a locking orifice.
  • the tool holder frame is provided in the upper part of attachment means, and in the lower part, support members ensuring the attachment and setting up, regardless of the type of tool. 'tool.
  • the locking means which are the subject of the present invention, described below, are adapted to cooperate effectively with locking holes of different diameters, of value 30 mm for the tool according to the first standard, or of value 20 mm for a tool in accordance with the second or third standard, this despite the difference in spacing mutual -or spacing- fittings in which are drilled these orifices, and their possible difference in thickness.
  • the spacing of the plates 4 and the dimensions of the stirrups in "L" returned are such that the fittings 20 of any tool, are placed in the gap between the plate 4 and the stirrup branch 40, when the tool 2 has been correctly positioned on the tool holder frame 1 and hooked to the latter.
  • the operator on the agricultural tractor can manipulate the tool holder as he wishes, by tilting more or less with the tipping cylinder and lifting more or less, thanks to the lifting cylinder , to engage against the back of the tool, and to hook the tool.
  • the locking holes 22 are each in axial alignment Z-Z 'of said rods 80.
  • Cylinder 6-7 is biased in the direction of its extension, so that the two sleeves 5 move outwardly until abutting against the plates 40, which corresponds to the maximum extension of the cylinder.
  • the rods 80 which are pushed out to the maximum, under the action of the springs 52, accompany this movement without annoyance because there is no obstacle on their path.
  • the sleeves 5 and the rods 80 have lengths sufficient to allow this locking, the fittings in question having a maximum distance between them.
  • Cylinder 6-7 is biased in the direction of its extension, so that the two sleeves 5 move outwardly until abutting against the plates 40, which corresponds to the maximum extension of the cylinder.
  • Unlocking is simply by retraction of the cylinder, whatever the tool concerned, the device thus returning to its original state of the figure 2a .
  • the rod 80 (movable, in the locking direction, from left to right in the figures) is integral at its end with a bar 83.
  • the latter is traversed by a bore which is engaged on the end portion of the rod 80, a pin 830 ensuring the complete connection of the bar 83 with the rod 80.
  • the bar 83 extends perpendicular to the rod 80, substantially in a horizontal plane.
  • the locking device also comprises an articulated lever 87, which can pivot in its central part around a vertical axis 88.
  • This axis is carried by a fixed part, that is to say, integral with the tool holder frame, not shown.
  • the lever 87 is integral with a sleeve 800.
  • a connecting rod 84 connects one end of the bar 83 with the other end of the lever 87.
  • the rod 84 is directly articulated, via an axis 86, on the lever 87.
  • This rod has a light 840 inside which engages a finger 85 integral with the bar 83.
  • the sleeve 800 has a diameter d 2 greater than the diameter d 1 of the rod 80.
  • the sleeve 800 is tubular; it has a cylindrical central opening 801 able to engage, with a certain clearance, on the end portion of the rod 80.
  • Reference t indicates the trajectory of the center of the sleeve 800 during this pivoting; it is a trajectory in an arc of a circle, tangent to the axis of the rod 80.
  • the opening 801 inside the sleeve 800 is bordered by an approximately conical or tulip-shaped inlet surface 801 'constituting a flared mouthpiece which allows this engagement at the end of the pivoting stroke of the lever 87.
  • the diameters d 1 and d 2 correspond, with the engagement clearance, to the diameters D 1 and D 2 corresponding, respectively, to the diameters of the locking holes of the tools according to the second and third standards, on the one hand (20 mm ), and the first standard, on the other hand (30 mm).
  • the mutual spacing of the orifices 22C is slightly smaller than the mutual spacing of the orifices 22B, which itself is slightly smaller than the mutual spacing of the orifices 22A.
  • the locking device is thus positioned and dimensioned so that the fittings 20B and 20C are positioned facing the end portion of the rods 80, between the bar 83 and the sleeve 800 (FIGS. figure 17 ).
  • fitting 20A is positioned at the sleeve 800 ( figure 18 ).
  • each fitting 20 being placed between the end of a rod 80 and the associated sleeve 800, after which the locking is carried out ( figure 17 or 18 ).
  • the invention also makes it possible, of course, to adapt to other existing or future possible tool standards, by appropriate choice of the diameter and the length of each spindle, as well as their location (in active position). .

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Agricultural Machines (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
  • Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
  • Automatic Tool Replacement In Machine Tools (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

The device has a pair of locking spindles (80) to penetrate into a set of locking holes provided on a set of cross arms (20A) integrated to a tool conformed to a standard. Another pair of locking spindles (9) penetrate into another set of locking holes, of different diameter, provided on another set of cross arms integrated to another tool conformed to another standard. The spindles are jointly driven by a locking device (8).

Description

La présente invention concerne le montage d'un outil sur le cadre porte-outil équipant un chargeur, notamment un chargeur frontal à usage agricole qui est monté sur un tracteur.The present invention relates to the mounting of a tool on the tool holder frame of a loader, including a front loader for agricultural use which is mounted on a tractor.

Elle a plus particulièrement pour objet un dispositif de verrouillage, à caractère polyvalent, de l'outil sur le cadre porte-outil.More particularly, it relates to a versatile locking device, the tool on the tool holder frame.

Un chargeur est un appareil de manutention à commande hydraulique, conçu pour pouvoir manipuler des matériaux divers dans une exploitation agricole, tels que de la paille, du foin, du fumier, de la terre, des engrais, des céréales, des betteraves, des pommes de terre, de l'ensilage, notamment.A loader is a hydraulically driven material handling machine designed to handle a variety of materials on a farm, such as straw, hay, manure, soil, fertilizer, cereals, beets, apples of soil, of silage, in particular.

A cet effet, l'exploitant doit avoir à disposition divers outils amovibles, adaptés chacun à des travaux et/ou des matériaux spécifiques.To this end, the operator must have available various removable tools, each adapted to specific work and / or materials.

Ces outils sont en particulier des bennes, des griffes, des grappins, des lames, des fourches, des transpalettes, ou des outils combinés, tels que des bennes à griffes par exemple.These tools are in particular skips, claws, grapples, blades, forks, pallet trucks, or combined tools, such as clamshells, for example.

Le cadre porte-outil fixé au bout des bras du chargeur et la face dorsale de l'outil (face tournée vers le chargeur) possèdent des moyens d'accouplement complémentaires dont la conception permet le changement rapide de l'outil.The tool holder frame attached to the end of the loader arms and the back face of the tool (face facing the loader) have complementary coupling means whose design allows the rapid change of the tool.

Une difficulté rencontrée par les constructeurs et leurs clients utilisateurs réside dans le fait qu'il n'y a pas de normalisation en la matière, de sorte qu'un outil provenant d'un constructeur donné n'est pas forcément adaptable sur un ensemble chargeur/cadre porte-outil provenant de chez un autre constructeur.A difficulty encountered by manufacturers and their user customers lies in the fact that there is no standardization in the field, so that a tool from a given manufacturer is not necessarily adaptable on a loader assembly / tool holder frame from another manufacturer.

Le choix d'un usager souhaitant s'équiper en nouveaux outils se trouve par conséquent limité dans la mesure où il ne peut acheter que des modèles adaptables sur le chargeur qu'il a en sa possession.The choice of a user wishing to equip himself with new tools is therefore limited insofar as he can only buy adaptable models on the charger he has in his possession.

Inversement, s'il souhaite changer de chargeur, il peut être dissuadé, pour des raisons pécuniaires, d'acheter un modèle sur lequel il ne pourra pas adapter les outils préalablement achetés, dont il dispose.Conversely, if he wants to change charger, he can be dissuaded, for pecuniary reasons, to buy a model on which he can not adapt the previously purchased tools, which he has.

En pratique, il existe en Europe trois grandes catégories de systèmes d'accouplement, correspondant à des standards de fait.In practice, there are three main categories of coupling systems in Europe, corresponding to de facto standards.

Un premier standard, commercialisé sous la marque "MAILLEUX", est caractérisé en ce que le cadre porte-outil comporte une paire de mains d'accrochage identiques de section approximativement en "U", dont l'ouverture est dirigée vers le haut, disposées coaxialement et symétriquement de part et d'autre du plan vertical et longitudinal médian du cadre porte-outil, tandis que la face dorsale de l'outil est pourvue, en partie haute, d'une paire de barreaux coaxiaux, ainsi dimensionnés et positionnés que chacun d'eux peut s'emboîter et se loger à l'intérieur d'une main d'accrochage. Chaque barreau est monté entre deux ferrures, dont l'une se prolonge vers le bas, et présente un orifice de verrouillage et une encoche. Le cadre porte-outil est équipé d'un dispositif de verrouillage comprenant une paire de broches mobiles en translation, aptes à venir s'insérer chacune dans l'un de ces orifices, et assurer la fixation de l'outil sur le cadre porte-outil. L'encoche sert de zone d'appui de la partie basse de l'outil contre des butées appropriées dont est muni le cadre porte-outil.A first standard, marketed under the trademark "MAILLEUX", is characterized in that the tool holder frame comprises a pair of identical hooking hands of approximately "U" -shaped section, whose opening is directed upwards, arranged coaxially and symmetrically from both sides of the vertical and longitudinal median plane of the tool holder frame, while the dorsal face of the tool is provided, at the top, with a pair of coaxial bars, so dimensioned and positioned that each of them can fit and fit inside a hanging hand. Each bar is mounted between two fittings, one of which extends downwards, and has a locking hole and a notch. The tool-holder frame is equipped with a locking device comprising a pair of pins movable in translation, each adapted to fit into one of these orifices, and ensuring the attachment of the tool to the frame-holder tool. The notch serves as a bearing area of the lower part of the tool against appropriate stops which is provided with the tool holder frame.

Selon les modèles, le dispositif de verrouillage est commandé manuellement, à l'aide d'un levier de manoeuvre, ou hydrauliquement, au moyen d'un vérin, comme cela est décrit par exemple dans le document FR 2 776 316 .According to the models, the locking device is controlled manually, using an operating lever, or hydraulically, by means of a jack, as described for example in the document FR 2,776,316 .

Un deuxième standard, notamment usité sur le marché allemand, et communément désigné "DGS", est caractérisé en ce que le cadre porte-outil comporte une paire de barreaux d'accrochage coaxiaux disposés symétriquement de part et d'autre du plan vertical et longitudinal médian du cadre porte-outil, tandis que la face dorsale est pourvue, en partie haute, d'une paire de crochets coaxiaux, dont l'ouverture est dirigée vers le bas, ainsi dimensionnés et positionnés que chacun d'eux peut s'engager sur un barreau d'accrochage, et l'emprisonner.A second standard, particularly used on the German market, and commonly referred to as "DGS", is characterized in that the tool holder frame comprises a pair of coaxial hooking bars arranged symmetrically on either side of the vertical and longitudinal plane. middle of the tool holder frame, while the dorsal surface is provided, in the upper part, a pair of coaxial hooks, whose opening is directed downwards, so dimensioned and positioned that each of them can engage on a hanging bar, and imprison him.

Comme pour le premier standard, la face dorsale de l'outil comporte une paire de ferrures présentant un orifice de verrouillage, et une zone d'appui pour sa partie basse.As for the first standard, the back face of the tool comprises a pair of fittings having a locking hole, and a support zone for its lower part.

Il y a en quelque sorte une inversion des organes d'accrochage, les organes "mâles" (barreaux) étant portés par l'outil dans le premier standard, et par le cadre porte-outil dans le deuxième standard, tandis que les organes "femelles" (mains ou crochets) sont portés par le cadre porte-outil dans le premier standard, et par l'outil dans le deuxième standard.There is somehow an inversion of the attachment members, the "male" members (bars) being carried by the tool in the first standard, and the tool holder in the second standard, while the organs " females "(hands or hooks) are carried by the tool holder in the first standard, and by the tool in the second standard.

De plus, les orifices de verrouillage, et corrélativement les broches qui y pénètrent, ont des diamètres différents; le diamètre de ces orifices est de 30 mm pour le premier standard et de 20 mm pour le deuxième.In addition, the locking holes, and correlatively the pins that penetrate, have different diameters; the diameter of these orifices is 30 mm for the first standard and 20 mm for the second.

Un troisième standard, notamment usité sur le marché suédois, et communément désigné "SMS", a une structure globalement similaire à celle du deuxième standard, les barreaux étant portés par le cadre porte-outil, et les crochets par l'outil. Toutefois, chacun des orifices de verrouillage est constitué non pas par un alésage percé dans une ferrure, mais par un oeillet fixé à la base d'une tige plate dont la partie supérieure porte un crochet. Selon ce troisième standard, chaque crochet se trouve donc dans le même plan vertical et longitudinal qu'un orifice de verrouillage, alors que selon les deux premiers standards, les moyens d'accrochage (barreaux ou crochets) sont décalés latéralement, vers l'extérieur, par rapport aux ferrures dans lesquelles sont percés les orifices de verrouillage.A third standard, particularly used on the Swedish market, and commonly referred to as "SMS", has a structure similar to that of the second standard, the bars being carried by the tool holder frame, and the hooks by the tool. However, each of the locking holes is constituted not by a bore drilled in a fitting, but by an eyelet fixed to the base of a flat rod whose upper part carries a hook. According to this third standard, each hook is therefore in the same vertical and longitudinal plane as a locking hole, whereas according to the first two standards, the hooking means (bars or hooks) are offset laterally outwards. relative to the fittings in which the locking holes are drilled.

En outre, les crochets des second et troisièmes standards, tous deux en forme de "U" renversé, ont des largeurs différentes; corrélativement, les barreaux d'accrochage ont des diamètres différents, de valeur 40 mm pour le second standard, et 60 mm pour le troisième.In addition, the hooks of the second and third standards, both U-shaped overturned, have different widths; correspondingly, the fastening bars have different diameters, of value 40 mm for the second standard, and 60 mm for the third.

Les barreaux d'accrochage du premier standard ont, quant à eux, un diamètre ayant une valeur de 50 mm.The snap bars of the first standard have, for their part, a diameter having a value of 50 mm.

Par ailleurs, les valeurs des écartements mutuels ou entraxes- des organes de fixation et des orifices de verrouillage d'une même paire sont différentes pour chacun de ces trois standards.Furthermore, the values of the mutual spacings or interaxes- fixing members and locking holes of the same pair are different for each of these three standards.

La présente invention a pour but de résoudre ces problèmes d'incompatibilité en proposant un dispositif de verrouillage apte à assurer le verrouillage, sur le cadre porte-outil, d'un outil conforme au premier standard précité, et au moins à l'un des deux autres, ce cadre porte-outil étant néanmoins de conception relativement simple, d'un prix de revient acceptable, et commode d'utilisation.The present invention aims to solve these incompatibility problems by providing a locking device adapted to ensure the locking on the tool holder frame, a tool according to the first aforementioned standard, and at least one of two others, this tool holder frame being nevertheless relatively simple design, an acceptable cost, and convenient to use.

L'invention ne concerne pas, en revanche, les moyens d'accrochage et de support de l'outil sur le cadre porte-outil, cet aspect de la question étant traitée dans une autre demande de brevet déposée parallèlement et simultanément par la demanderesse.The invention does not concern, on the other hand, the means of attachment and support of the tool on the tool holder frame, this aspect of the question being treated in another patent application filed simultaneously and simultaneously by the applicant.

C'est pourquoi on supposera, dans la présente demande de brevet, que les problèmes d'accrochage et de support de l'outil sur le cadre porte-outil sont résolus, pour ne s'attacher qu'au problème du verrouillage de l'outil déjà prépositionné sur le cadre porte-outil et supporté par lui.That is why it will be assumed in this patent application that the problems of attachment and support of the tool on the tool holder frame are solved, to focus only on the problem of locking the tool already prepositioned on the tool holder frame and supported by him.

Ce dispositif comporte une première paire de broches de verrouillage adaptées pour pénétrer dans des orifices de verrouillage prévus sur des ferrures solidaires d'un outil conforme à un standard donné -dit premier standard-, ainsi qu' une seconde paire de broches de verrouillage adaptées pour pénétrer dans des orifices de verrouillage, de diamètre différent, prévus sur des ferrures solidaires d'un outil conforme à au moins un autre standard, et la première et la seconde paire de broches de verrouillage sont entraînées conjointement par un système de commande unique.This device comprises a first pair of locking pins adapted to penetrate into locking holes provided on integral fittings of a tool according to a given standard-said first standard, and a second pair of locking pins adapted to penetrate into locking holes, of different diameter, provided on integral fittings of a tool according to at least one other standard, and the first and second pair of locking pins are driven jointly by a single control system.

Conformément à l'invention, ce dispositif comprend une paire de tiges cylindriques coaxiales qui s'étendent transversalement et horizontalement et sont déplaçables simultanément en translation axiale sous l'action dudit système de commande, vers l'extérieur du cadre porte-outil afin d'assurer le verrouillage, et vers l'intérieur du cadre porte-outil dans le sens du déverrouillage.According to the invention, this device comprises a pair of coaxial cylindrical rods which extend transversely and horizontally and are simultaneously movable in axial translation under the action of said control system, towards the outside of the tool holder frame in order to lock, and towards the inside of the tool holder frame in the unlocking direction.

Le document EP-A-1 528 163 publié le 4 mai 2005, décrit un dispositif de verrouillage d'un outil sur le cadre porte-outil d'un chargeur.The document EP-A-1,528,163 published May 4, 2005, describes a device for locking a tool on the tool holder frame of a loader.

Ce dispositif comporte une première et une seconde paire de broches adaptées, l'une pour pénétrer dans des orifices de verrouillage prévus sur des ferrures solidaires de l'outil, qui est conforme à un standard donné, et, l'autre, pour pénétrer dans des orifices de verrouillage de diamètre différent, prévus sur des ferrures solidaires d'un outil conforme à au-moins-un autre standard.This device comprises a first and a second pair of adapted pins, one to penetrate into locking holes provided on integral fittings of the tool, which conforms to a given standard, and, the other, to penetrate into locking holes of different diameter provided on integral fittings of a tool according to at least one other standard.

Ces deux paires de broches sont entraînées conjointement par un système de commande unique.These two pairs of pins are driven jointly by a single control system.

A cet effet, le dispositif du EP-A-1 528 163 fait usage d'une barre cylindrique coudée en "U" dont les deux extrémités ont une section de plus faible diamètre.For this purpose, the EP-A-1,528,163 uses a "U" bent cylindrical bar whose two ends have a smaller diameter section.

En fonction du standard d'outil concerné, ces extrémités sont déplacées en translation sur une course plus ou moins grande, pour assurer la retenue des ferrures concernées, comme cela ressort de la comparaison des figures 2 et 3.Depending on the tool standard concerned, these ends are moved in translation over a greater or smaller stroke, to ensure the retention of the fittings concerned, as is apparent from the comparison of figures 2 and 3 .

Dans cette réalisation antérieure, les deux portions d'extrémité de la barre de verrouillage se déplacent dans le même sens, toutes deux vers un côté pour assurer le verrouillage, vers l'autre côté pour le déverrouillage.In this prior embodiment, the two end portions of the locking bar move in the same direction, both to one side for locking, to the other side for unlocking.

Un tel agencement présente certains inconvénients.Such an arrangement has certain disadvantages.

En premier lieu, la partie coudée de la barre, formant poignée (référence 98) constitue une pièce en saillie qui dépasse sur un côté à l'extérieur du cadre porte-outil, ce qui pose des problèmes d'encombrement en largeur et de risque d'accrochage.First, the bent part of the bar, forming a handle (reference 98) is a projecting piece which protrudes on one side outside the tool holder frame, which poses problems of width and risk of space requirements. hooking.

En second lieu, dans le cas où les ferrures de l'outil (référencées 42A et 42B) ont un écartement mutuel important, le positionnement de la broche de verrouillage qui se déplace vers l'extérieur du cadre porte-outil (référence 94) est délicat à réaliser du fait que son guidage (référence 104) doit être en dehors de ce cadre.In the second place, in the case where the hardware of the tool (referenced 42A and 42B) have a large distance apart, the positioning of the locking pin which moves towards the outside of the tool holder frame (reference 94) is delicate to achieve because its guidance (reference 104) must be outside this frame.

Au contraire, avec la disposition selon l'invention, qui prévoit que les deux tiges de verrouillage se déplacent toujours en sens contraire -vers l'extérieur pour le verrouillage, et vers l'intérieur pour le déverrouillage-, le système de commande unique peut occuper une position centrale et symétrique, ou quasi symétrique. Il n'y a pas de dépassement de composant à l'extérieur du cadre, et le problème de guidage sus-mentionné ne se pose pas. Le guidage des broches demeure situé dans le gabarit du cadre porte-outil quel que soit l'écartement des ferrures de l'outil.On the contrary, with the arrangement according to the invention, which provides that the two locking rods always move in opposite directions outside for locking, and inward for unlocking-, the single control system can occupy a central and symmetrical, or almost symmetrical, position. There is no component overrange outside the frame, and the aforementioned guiding problem does not arise. The pin guide remains in the template of the tool holder regardless of the spacing of the tool's hardware.

Par ailleurs, selon un certain nombre de caractéristiques avantageuses, mais non limitatives, de l'invention :

  • ledit système de commande est un vérin hydraulique ou pneumatique ;
  • le dispositif permet le montage, sur le cadre porte-outil, d'outils conformes au premier standard possédant une paire de ferrures présentant un écartement mutuel en direction transversale légèrement supérieur à celui de l'autre standard -dit deuxième standard-, et munis d'orifices de verrouillage circulaires dont le diamètre est supérieur à celui des orifices de verrouillage circulaires du deuxième standard, le cadre porte-outil étant pourvu d'organes d'accrochage et de positionnement des outils ainsi agencés qu'aussi bien les orifices de verrouillage d'un outil conforme au premier standard que ceux conformes au deuxième standard viennent se positionner chacun dans l'axe et à l'extérieur desdites tiges lorsque l'outil est mis en place sur le cadre porte-outil, alors que ces tiges se trouvent en position inactive, rétractées vers l'intérieur, et il est caractérisé par le fait que la portion d'extrémité libre de chacune desdites tiges, dirigée vers l'extérieur du cadre porte-outil présente un diamètre qui correspond, au jeu d'engagement près, à celui des orifices de verrouillage, de plus grand diamètre, d'un outil conforme au premier standard, cette portion -qui fait office de première broche de verrouillage- se prolongeant coaxialement vers l'extérieur par une partie en forme de téton cylindrique ayant un plus petit diamètre, lequel correspond, au jeu d'engagement près, à celui des orifices de verrouillage d'un outil conforme au deuxième standard, ce téton faisant office de seconde broche de verrouillage ;
  • chacune desdites tiges est guidée en translation axiale dans un manchon qui est déplaçable sous l'action dudit système de commande, de manière à pouvoir occuper sélectivement, soit une position rétractée vers l'intérieur du cadre porte-outil, soit une position d'extension dont la course est calibrée, par exemple par mise en appui du manchon contre une butée, un système élastique, tel qu'un ressort logé dans ledit manchon, sollicitant en permanence ladite tige pour la déplacer vers l'extérieur du manchon, sur une course limitée ;
  • la paroi dudit manchon présente au moins une lumière longitudinale et ladite tige est muni d'au moins un doigt d'arrêt s'engageant dans cette lumière, ce qui détermine la course de déplacement de la tige à l'intérieur du manchon.
  • le dispositif ce caractérise en ce que, d'une part, le système de commande est un vérin hydraulique ou pneumatique à double effet monté flottant à l'intérieur du cadre porte-outil et que, d'autre part, lesdits manchons sont montés coaxialement aux extrémités de ce vérin, l'un d'eux étant solidaire du corps et l'autre de la tige du vérin.
  • le dispositif de verrouillage permet, en outre, le montage, sur le cadre porte-outil, d'outils conformes à un troisième standard possédant une paire de ferrures présentant un écartement mutuel en direction transversale inférieure à celui des autres standards, et possédant des orifices de verrouillage circulaires dont le diamètre est égal à celui des orifices de verrouillage circulaires du deuxième standard ; à cet effet, il est caractérisé par le fait que, ledit vérin se trouvant en extension maximale, le verrouillage s'opère comme suit:
    • pour un outil conforme au premier standard, par engagement de la portion de plus grand diamètre de chaque tige de verrouillage dans un orifice de verrouillage de l'outil, cette tige ressortant au maximum du manchon ;
    • pour un outil conforme au deuxième standard, par engagement du téton d'extrémité de plus petit diamètre de chaque tige de verrouillage dans un orifice de verrouillage de l'outil, cette tige ressortant partiellement du manchon ;
    • pour un outil conforme au troisième standard, par engagement du téton d'extrémité de plus petit diamètre de chaque tige de verrouillage dans un orifice de verrouillage de l'outil, cette tige étant rentrée au maximum, ou pratiquement au maximum, à l'intérieur du manchon.
    • le dispositif de verrouillage permet le montage, sur le cadre porte-outil, d'outils conformes au premier standard possédant une paire de ferrures présentant un écartement mutuel en direction transversale légèrement supérieur à celui de l'autre standard -dit deuxième standard-, et munis d'orifices de verrouillage circulaires dont le diamètre est supérieur à celui des orifices de verrouillage circulaires du deuxième standard, le cadre porte-outil étant pourvu d'organes d'accrochage et de positionnement des outils ainsi agencés qu'aussi bien les orifices de verrouillage d'un outil conforme au premier standard que ceux conformes au deuxième standard viennent se positionner chacun dans l'axe et à l'extérieur desdites tiges lorsque l'outil est mis en place sur le cadre porte-outil, alors que ces tiges se trouvent en position inactive, rétractées vers l'intérieur ; à cet effet, la portion d'extrémité libre de chacune desdites tiges, dirigée vers l'extérieur du cadre porte-outil, présente un diamètre qui correspond, au jeu d'engagement près, à celui des orifices de verrouillage, de plus petit diamètre, d'un outil conforme au deuxième standard, cette portion -qui fait office de deuxième broche de verrouillage- étant reliée cinématiquement à un levier pivotant qui porte une broche dont le diamètre correspond, au jeu d'engagement près, à celui des orifices de verrouillage, de plus grand diamètre, d'un outil conforme au premier standard, la liaison cinématique entre la tige et cette broche étant telle que le déplacement de la tige vers l'extérieur induit un mouvement en sens inverse de la broche de telle sorte qu'en fin de course elle vient s'insérer dans un orifice de verrouillage de l'outil conforme au premier standard, faisant ainsi office de première broche de verrouillage.
    • ladite première broche de verrouillage consiste en une douille présentant une ouverture intérieure qui est ainsi conformée et dimensionnée qu'elle vient, en fin de course, et dans le sens du verrouillage, coiffer l'extrémité libre de la tige.
    • cette première broche de verrouillage sous forme de douille est portée par un levier pivotant dont le basculement est commandé par une tringlerie composée d'une barrette solidaire de la tige et d'une biellette à lumière reliant cette barrette au levier pivotant, le centre de la douille ayant une trajectoire en arc de cercle tangente à l'axe de la tige.
Furthermore, according to a number of advantageous, but not limiting, features of the invention:
  • said control system is a hydraulic or pneumatic cylinder;
  • the device allows the assembly, on the tool holder frame, of tools conforming to the first standard having a pair of fittings having a mutual spacing in the transverse direction slightly higher than that of the other standard -dit second standard-, and provided with circular locking holes whose diameter is greater than that of the circular locking holes of the second standard, the tool-carrying frame being provided with fastening and positioning members of the tools thus arranged that both the locking holes of a tool according to the first standard that those conforming to the second standard are positioned each in the axis and outside of said rods when the tool is placed on the tool holder frame, while these rods are in inactive position, retracted inwards, and is characterized in that the free end portion of each of said rods, directed outwardly of a tool holder frame has a diameter which corresponds, with the engagement clearance, to that of the locking holes, of larger diameter, of a tool according to the first standard, this portion -which acts as the first locking pin - extending coaxially outwardly by a cylindrical nipple portion having a smaller diameter, which corresponds, at the engagement clearance, to that of the locking holes of a tool according to the second standard, this nipple making office of second locking pin;
  • each of said rods is guided in axial translation in a sleeve which is displaceable under the action of said control system, so as to selectively occupy either a retracted position towards the inside of the tool holder frame, or an extension position whose stroke is calibrated, for example by bearing the sleeve against a stop, an elastic system, such as a spring housed in said sleeve, continuously urging said rod to move it outwardly of the sleeve, on a stroke limited;
  • the wall of said sleeve has at least one longitudinal lumen and said rod is provided with at least one stop finger engaging in this lumen, which determines the movement path of the rod inside the sleeve.
  • the device is characterized in that, on the one hand, the control system is a hydraulic or pneumatic cylinder with double effect mounted floating inside the tool holder frame and that, on the other hand, said sleeves are mounted coaxially at the ends of this cylinder, one of them being secured to the body and the other of the cylinder rod.
  • the locking device furthermore allows mounting, on the tool-carrying frame, of tools conforming to a third standard having a pair of fittings having a mutual spacing in transverse direction which is lower than that of the other standards, and having orifices circular locks whose diameter is equal to that of the circular locking holes of the second standard; for this purpose, it is characterized in that, said cylinder being in maximum extension, the locking takes place as follows:
    • for a tool according to the first standard, by engaging the larger diameter portion of each locking rod in a locking hole of the tool, this rod emerging at the maximum of the sleeve;
    • for a tool according to the second standard, by engaging the smaller diameter end nipple of each locking rod in a locking hole of the tool, this rod emerging partially from the sleeve;
    • for a tool according to the third standard, by engaging the smaller diameter end nipple of each locking rod in a tool locking hole, this rod being retracted to the maximum, or practically at most, inside of the sleeve.
    • the locking device allows the mounting, on the tool holder frame, of the tools according to the first standard having a pair of fittings having a spacing apart in transverse direction slightly higher than that of the other standard -dit second standard-, and provided with circular locking holes whose diameter is greater than that of the circular locking holes of the second standard, the tool-carrying frame being provided with fastening and positioning members of the tools thus arranged that both the holes of locking a tool complies with the first standard that those conforming to the second standard are positioned each in the axis and outside of said rods when the tool is placed on the tool holder frame, while these rods are find inactive position, retracted inwards; for this purpose, the free end portion of each of said rods, directed towards the outside of the tool holder frame, has a diameter which corresponds, with the engagement clearance, to that of the locking holes, of smaller diameter of a tool conforming to the second standard, this portion -which serves as a second locking pin- being kinematically connected to a pivoting lever which carries a pin whose diameter corresponds, with the engagement clearance, to that of the orifices of locking, of larger diameter, a tool complies with the first standard, the kinematic connection between the rod and this pin being such that the movement of the rod outwardly induces a movement in the opposite direction of the pin so that at the end of the stroke it is inserted into a locking hole of the tool according to the first standard, thus acting as the first locking pin.
    • said first locking pin consists of a socket having an inner opening which is so shaped and dimensioned as to come, at the end of the stroke, and in the locking direction, to cap the free end of the rod.
    • this first locking pin in the form of a sleeve is carried by a pivoting lever whose tilting is controlled by a linkage consisting of a bar secured to the rod and a light rod connecting this bar to the pivoting lever, the center of the bushing having an arcuate trajectory tangent to the axis of the rod.

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention apparaîtront à la lecture de la description suivante d'un mode de réalisation préféré de l'invention.Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will appear on reading the following description of a preferred embodiment of the invention.

Cette description est faite en référence aux dessins annexés, sur lesquels :

  • la figure 1 est une vue générale, de côté, d'un tracteur agricole équipé d'un chargeur portant un cadre porte-outil ; cette figure montre également un outil, en l'occurrence une benne, apte à être accouplée au cadre porte-outil ;
  • la figure 2 est une vue générale, de face, d'un cadre porte-outil seul, pourvu d'un dispositif de verrouillage conforme à l'invention, dont le vérin de commande est représenté en extension;
  • la figure 2a est une vue partielle du même cadre porte-outil, similaire à celle de la figure 2, à une échelle légèrement plus grande, le vérin de commande y étant représenté à l'état rétracté;
  • les figures 3 à 5 représentent, vus de trois-quarts arrière, trois outils de catégories différentes susceptibles d'être accouplés au cadre porte-outil conforme à l'invention, ces outils étant conformes respectivement à un premier, un deuxième, et un troisième standard ;
  • les figures 6, 8 et 10 sont des vues en perspective du cadre porte-outil, dans des configurations de verrouillage d'un outil conforme au premier, au deuxième et, respectivement, au troisième standard, seules les ferrures (schématisées) de ces outils étant représentées;
  • les figures 7, 9, et 11 sont des vues de face partielles des moyens de verrouillage situés sur l'un des côtés du cadre porte-outil (côté situé sur la gauche des figures précédentes) ces vues correspondant à celles des figures 6, 8 et 10, respectivement ;
  • les figures 12, 13 et 14 sont des schémas montrant la structure et le fonctionnement de ces moyens de verrouillage dans chacune des trois configurations précitées;
  • la figure 15 est une vue schématique d'un second mode de réalisation possible du dispositif de verrouillage, représenté dans sa position ouverte, de déverrouillage ;
  • la figure 16 est une vue similaire à celle de la figure 15 qui représente le dispositif en position de verrouillage ;
  • les figures 17 et 18 sont des vues analogues à celle de la figure 16, à échelle plus petite, qui représentent des verrouillages dans des orifices de diamètre différent.
This description is made with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
  • the figure 1 is a general view, from the side, of an agricultural tractor equipped with a loader carrying a tool-holder frame; this figure also shows a tool, in this case a bucket, adapted to be coupled to the tool holder frame;
  • the figure 2 is a general view, front view, of a tool holder alone, provided with a locking device according to the invention, the control cylinder is shown in extension;
  • the figure 2a is a partial view of the same tool holder frame, similar to that of the figure 2 on a slightly larger scale, the control cylinder being shown in the retracted state;
  • the Figures 3 to 5 represent, seen three-quarter rear, three tools of different categories may be coupled to the tool holder frame according to the invention, these tools being respectively compliant with a first, a second, and a third standard;
  • the figures 6 , 8 and 10 are perspective views of the tool holder frame, in locking configurations of a tool according to the first, the second and, respectively, the third standard, only the hardware (schematic) of these tools being shown;
  • the figures 7 , 9 , and 11 are partial front views of the locking means located on one side of the tool holder frame (side located on the left of the preceding figures), these views corresponding to those of the figures 6 , 8 and 10 , respectively ;
  • the Figures 12, 13 and 14 are diagrams showing the structure and operation of these locking means in each of the three aforementioned configurations;
  • the figure 15 is a schematic view of a second possible embodiment of the locking device, shown in its open position, unlocking;
  • the figure 16 is a view similar to that of the figure 15 which represents the device in the locking position;
  • the Figures 17 and 18 are views similar to that of the figure 16 , on a smaller scale, which represent interlocks in holes of different diameter.

La figure 1 représente un tracteur agricole TA équipé d'un chargeur CH de type connu, comprenant un brancard BR dont les mouvements de levage et d'abaissement sont assurés par un vérin hydraulique VL dit vérin de levage.The figure 1 represents an agricultural tractor TA equipped with a CH loader of known type, comprising a BR stretcher whose lifting and lowering movements are provided by a hydraulic cylinder VL said lifting cylinder.

A l'extrémité libre du brancard BR est monté un cadre porte-outil 1 qui est articulé à sa base, son pivotement étant assuré par un autre vérin hydraulique VB dit vérin de bennage ou vérin de cavage.At the free end of the BR stretcher is mounted a tool holder frame 1 which is articulated at its base, its pivoting being provided by another hydraulic cylinder VB said tipping cylinder or digging cylinder.

Toujours de manière connue, un jeu de biellettes BC assure la liaison entre la tige de ce vérin VB et le cadre porte-outil 1.Still in a known manner, a set of connecting rods BC ensures the connection between the rod of this jack VB and the tool holder frame 1.

Ce cadre porte-outil est pourvu dans sa partie haute de moyens d'accrochage M1, destinées à coopérer avec des moyens complémentaires M2 prévus sur assurer un outil 2, par exemple une benne, afin d'assurer leur solidarisation mutuelle, de manière commode, rapide, et permettant un changement aisé d'outils.This tool holder frame is provided in its upper part with hooking means M1, intended to cooperate with complementary means M2 provided to ensure a tool 2, for example a bucket, to ensure mutual solidarity, conveniently, quickly, and allowing easy change of tools.

Les moyens M2 sont fixés sur la face dorsale de l'outil 2; de plus, des ferrures FE situées au dos de l'outil 2 présentent des orifices de verrouillage OV pouvant être traversés des broches de verrouillage portées par le cadre porte-outil 1, de manière à assurer la solidarisation de l'outil sur ce cadre porte-outil.The means M2 are fixed on the dorsal face of the tool 2; in addition, FE fittings located on the back of the tool 2 have OV locking holes through which the locking pins carried by the tool holder frame 1 can pass, so as to ensure the attachment of the tool to this door frame -tool.

On notera également que les ferrures FE présentent à leur base une zone d'appui ZA, par exemple en forme d'encoche, apte à venir prendre appui contre une traverse BA s'étendant transversalement à la base du cadre 1.It will also be noted that the FE fittings have at their base a bearing zone ZA , for example in the form of a notch, able to bear against a crossbar BA extending transversely to the base of the frame 1.

Dans la suite de la description, et dans les revendications, on désignera par "direction longitudinale" la direction horizontale correspondant à la direction d'avance du tracteur (située dans le plan de la feuille de dessin de la figure 1) et par "direction transversale" la direction perpendiculaire à la direction longitudinale (perpendiculaire au plan de la feuille).In the remainder of the description, and in the claims, the term "longitudinal direction" will be referred to as the horizontal direction corresponding to the direction of travel of the tractor (located in the plane of the drawing sheet of the figure 1 ) and "transverse direction" the direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction (perpendicular to the plane of the sheet).

En référence à la figure 2, nous allons maintenant décrire la structure du cadre porte-outil muni d'un dispositif conforme à l'invention.With reference to the figure 2 , we will now describe the structure of the tool holder frame provided with a device according to the invention.

Ce cadre porte-outil 1 a une configuration généralement symétrique par rapport à plan vertical longitudinal médian.This tool holder frame 1 has a generally symmetrical configuration with respect to the median longitudinal vertical plane.

Il comprend à ses extrémités latérales une paire de plaques métalliques 3, 4 reliées les unes aux autres par des entretoises appropriées de manière à constituer une paire de flasques solidaires l'un de l'autre.It comprises at its lateral ends a pair of metal plates 3, 4 connected to each other by appropriate spacers so as to form a pair of flanges integral with each other.

Les deux flasques sont fixés par soudage aux extrémités d'une paire de traverses haute 10 et basse 11, lesquelles sont constituées par des tiges cylindriques métalliques.The two flanges are fixed by welding at the ends of a pair of high 10 and low 11 crosspieces, which consist of cylindrical metal rods.

Le cadre porte-outil est pourvu d'une paire d'organes d'accrochage M1 qui, comme indiqué plus haut, ne font pas à proprement parler partie de l'invention ; ils sont situés en partie supérieure de chacun des flasques 3-4.The tool holder frame is provided with a pair of fasteners M1 which, as indicated above, are not strictly part of the invention; they are located in the upper part of each of the flanges 3-4.

A la partie inférieure du cadre porte-outil 1 est installé un dispositif de verrouillage 8 qui, de manière connue, est adapté pour assurer les déplacements en translation axiale, suivant un axe référencé Z-Z', de deux tiges de verrouillage coaxiales 80, ceci au moyen d'un vérin, hydraulique ou pneumatique, centré sur l'axe Z-Z', et dont le corps et le piston portent les références 6 et, respectivement 7.At the lower part of the tool holder frame 1 is installed a locking device 8 which, in known manner, is adapted to ensure displacements in axial translation, along an axis referenced Z-Z ' , of two coaxial locking rods 80, this at means of a cylinder, hydraulic or pneumatic, centered on the axis Z-Z ' , and whose body and the piston carry the references 6 and 7 respectively.

Il s'agit d'un vérin à double effet dont les raccords d'entrée-sortie du fluide de commande portent les références 60 et 61.This is a double-acting cylinder whose input-output connections of the control fluid have the references 60 and 61.

L'introduction d'un fluide sous pression dans le corps de vérin 6 par le raccord 61 et la connexion du raccord 60 au réservoir (à pression atmosphérique) a pour effet de repousser la tête 70 du piston vers l'extérieur et de provoquer l'extension de sa tige 71 (figure 2).The introduction of a fluid under pressure into the cylinder body 6 through the connector 61 and the connection of the connector 60 to the tank (at atmospheric pressure) has the effect of pushing the piston head 70 outwards and causing the extension of its stem 71 ( figure 2 ).

Inversement, l'introduction d'un fluide sous pression dans le corps de vérin 6 par le raccord 60 et la connexion du raccord 61 au réservoir (à pression atmosphérique) a pour effet de repousser la tête 70 du piston vers l'intérieur et de provoquer la rétraction de sa tige 71 (figure 2a).Conversely, the introduction of a fluid under pressure into the cylinder body 6 through the connector 60 and the connection of the connector 61 to the tank (at atmospheric pressure) has the effect of pushing the piston head 70 inwards and of cause the retraction of its rod 71 ( figure 2a ).

Une électrovanne appropriée, non représentée, pouvant être commandée par l'opérateur permet de piloter ces opérations depuis le tracteur, comme cela est bien connu.An appropriate solenoid valve, not shown, that can be controlled by the operator can control these operations from the tractor, as is well known.

Dans un autre mode de réalisation possible de l'invention, ces déplacements peuvent être commandés mécaniquement, à l'aide d'un levier manoeuvrable manuellement.In another possible embodiment of the invention, these movements can be controlled mechanically, using a manually operable lever.

Par ailleurs, à la base de chacune des plaques intérieures 4 du jeu de flasques 3-4, est fixé un étrier constitué par une plaque coudée en forme « L » retourné, dont la branche supérieure (horizontale) est soudée au flasque 4, tandis que sa branche verticale 40 est fixée à la traverse basse 11.Furthermore, at the base of each of the inner plates 4 of the set of flanges 3-4, is fixed a stirrup constituted by an angled plate shaped " L " returned, whose upper branch (horizontal) is welded to the flange 4, while its vertical branch 40 is fixed to the lower cross member 11.

Le vérin hydraulique est disposé entre deux plaquettes fixes 41, situées à l'intérieur des plaques verticales 40 de l'étrier précité, parallèlement à cette dernière.The hydraulic cylinder is disposed between two fixed plates 41, located inside the vertical plates 40 of the aforementioned stirrup, parallel to the latter.

Le dispositif comporte une paire de fourreaux cylindriques identiques, ou manchons, référencés 5, également centrés sur l'axe Z-Z', et montés à chaque extrémité du vérin 6-7.The device comprises a pair of identical cylindrical sleeves, or sleeves, referenced 5, also centered on the Z-Z ' axis, and mounted at each end of the cylinder 6-7.

Leur diamètre externe est sensiblement supérieur au diamètre des tiges 80. Ils traversent chacun une ouverture circulaire complémentaire 410 percée dans l'une des plaquettes 41 et sont guidés en translation dans ces dernières, suivant l'axe Z-Z'.Their outer diameter is substantially greater than the diameter of the rods 80. They each pass through a complementary circular opening 410 pierced in one of the plates 41 and are guided in translation in the latter, along the axis Z-Z ' .

Les plaques 40, quant à elles, sont percées chacune d'un alésage autorisant le libre passage d'une tige 80.The plates 40, in turn, are each pierced with a bore allowing the free passage of a rod 80.

L'un des manchons 5 est solidaire du corps de vérin 6 ; l'autre est solidaire de l'extrémité de la tige de piston 71.One of the sleeves 5 is integral with the cylinder body 6; the other is secured to the end of the piston rod 71.

Chacune des plaques 40 est également percée d'une ouverture circulaire, centrée sur l'axe Z-Z', qui est traversée par l'une des tiges de verrouillage 80. Leurs diamètres respectifs sont tels que la tige de verrouillage 80 peut coulisser librement à travers cette ouverture, mais non le manchon 5 dont la face frontale externe vient porter contre la face interne de la plaque 40 associée.Each of the plates 40 is also pierced with a circular opening, centered on the axis Z-Z ', through which one of the locking rods 80 passes through. Their respective diameters are such that the locking rod 80 can slide freely through this opening, but not the sleeve 5, the outer end face bears against the inner face of the associated plate 40.

Le vérin 6-7 est monté « flottant » entre les plaquettes 41, ce qui signifie qu'ils ne sont pas immobilisés en translation, la mise en butée de l'un des éléments 6 ou 7 contre une pièce fixe, au cours de l'extension du verrouillage, ayant pour effet de répartir l'effort de poussée au sein de l'ensemble pour que l'autre élément 7 ou 6 vienne à son tour en butée contre une pièce fixe, comme cela est connu en soi.The cylinder 6-7 is mounted "floating" between the plates 41, which means that they are not immobilized in translation, the abutment of one of the elements 6 or 7 against a fixed part, during the extension of the locking, having the effect of distributing the thrust force within the assembly so that the other element 7 or 6 in turn comes into abutment against a fixed part, as is known per se.

Selon une caractéristique importante de l'invention, la portion d'extrémité libre de chaque tige de verrouillage 80 se prolonge axialement, vers l'extérieur, par une partie cylindrique de plus faible diamètre 9, appelée « téton ».According to an important feature of the invention, the free end portion of each locking rod 80 is extended axially outwardly by a cylindrical portion of smaller diameter 9, called "pin".

Sa face d'extrémité est chanfreinée ; il en est de même pour la zone de raccordement entre la tige 80 et le téton 9.Its end face is chamfered; it is the same for the connection zone between the rod 80 and the pin 9.

Comme on peut le voir notamment sur les figures 12 à 14, qui représente l'un des manchons 5 (situé sur la droite de la figure 2, et solidaire de la tige de piston 71), ce dernier est fermé du côté intérieur par un fond 53 et reçoit la tige 80 qui peut y coulisser sur une certaine course axiale ; la paroi du manchon présente une paire d'ouvertures allongées, ou lumières, 50, s'étendant longitudinalement (selon une génératrice) et diamétralement opposées. La tige 80 est traversée, dans sa zone d'extrémité interne, par une goupille dont les extrémités en saillie 81 forment des doigts de glissement s'engageant dans ces lumières 50. Cette coopération des doigts 81 avec les lumières définit la course de débattement axial de la tige 80 par rapport au manchon 5.As can be seen in particular on Figures 12 to 14 , which represents one of the sleeves 5 (located on the right of the figure 2 , and integral with the piston rod 71), the latter is closed on the inner side by a bottom 53 and receives the rod 80 which can slide thereon over a certain axial stroke; the wall of the sleeve has a pair of elongate openings, or lumens, 50, extending longitudinally (in a generatrix) and diametrically opposite. The rod 80 is traversed, in its inner end zone, by a pin whose projecting ends 81 form sliding fingers engaging in these slots 50. This cooperation of the fingers 81 with the lights defines the axial displacement stroke of the rod 80 with respect to the sleeve 5.

Un organe élastique, en l'occurrence un ressort de compression hélicoïdal 52 intercalé entre le fond 53 et la tige 80 tend constamment à repousser cette dernière hors du manchon 80, de telle sorte que les doigts 81 viennent en butée contre le bord externe des lumières 50.An elastic member, in this case a helical compression spring 52 interposed between the bottom 53 and the rod 80, constantly tends to push the latter out of the sleeve 80, so that the fingers 81 abut against the outer edge of the lights 50.

En nous référant aux figures 3 à 5, nous allons maintenant décrire les organes d'accouplement d'un outil avec ce cadre porte-outil.Referring to Figures 3 to 5 , we will now describe the coupling members of a tool with this tool holder frame.

La figure 3 représente la face dorsale d'un outil appartenant à un premier standard, du type commercialisé par la société MAILLEUX.The figure 3 represents the dorsal surface of a tool belonging to a first standard, of the type marketed by MAILLEUX.

Dans l'exemple illustré, il s'agit d'une benne ; il est bien entendu que des outils autres que des bennes, conformes à ce premier standard portent des moyens d'accouplement identiques à ceux de cette benne.In the illustrated example, it is a bucket; it is understood that tools other than buckets, in accordance with this first standard carry coupling means identical to those of this bucket.

Les éléments d'accouplement de cet outil sur le cadre porte-outil comprennent essentiellement une paire de ferrures verticales 20a qui courent de la partie supérieure à la partie inférieure de la face dorsale de la benne, à laquelle elles sont soudées, ainsi qu'une paire de pattes 20'A, situées chacune en vis-à-vis de la partie haute de chaque ferrure, à une certaine distance de celle-ci, vers l'extérieur.The coupling elements of this tool on the tool holder frame essentially comprise a pair of vertical fittings 20a which run from the upper part to the lower part of the dorsal face of the bucket, to which they are welded, and a pair of legs 20'A, each located vis-à-vis the upper part of each fitting, to a certain distance from it, towards the outside.

Entre la partie supérieure de chaque ferrure 20A et la patte 20'A associée est fixé un barreau 21A d'axe horizontal et transversal.Between the upper part of each fitting 20A and the associated tab 20'A is fixed a bar 21A of horizontal and transverse axis.

Les deux barreaux 21A équipant l'outil sont situés symétriquement de part et d'autre d'un axe vertical longitudinal médian et sont disposés coaxialement, c'est-à-dire dans le prolongement l'un de l'autre.The two bars 21A equipping the tool are located symmetrically on either side of a longitudinal central vertical axis and are arranged coaxially, that is to say in the extension of one another.

Dans leur partie basse, les ferrures 20A présentent un orifice de verrouillage 22A et une encoche 23A.In their lower part, the fittings 20A have a locking orifice 22A and a notch 23A.

Les orifices 22A sont également coaxiaux, de même que les encoches.The orifices 22A are also coaxial, as are the notches.

L'outil de la figure 4, qui est conforme à un deuxième standard, en l'occurrence le standard allemand désigné "DGS" est également une benne 2B, dont la face dorsale est pourvue d'une paire de ferrures 20B de type voisin de celles de l'outil précédemment décrit 2A.The tool of figure 4 , which conforms to a second standard, in this case the German standard designated "DGS" is also a body 2B, whose back face is provided with a pair of fittings 20B similar to those of the previously described tool 2A.

Toutefois, les ferrures 20B sont légèrement plus rapprochées l'une de l'autre que les ferrures 20A. Du côté extérieur, au niveau de la partie haute de chaque ferrure, est fixé un crochet 2 1 B dont la partie active a la forme générale d'un bec en"U" retourné, formant une cavité semi-cylindrique.However, the fittings 20B are slightly closer to each other than the fittings 20A. On the outer side, at the upper part of each fitting, is fixed a hook 2 1 B whose active part has the general shape of a beak "U" returned, forming a semi-cylindrical cavity.

Comme pour l'outil 2A, les ferrures 20B présentent en partie inférieure un orifice de verrouillage 22 B.As for the tool 2A, the fittings 20B have in the lower part a locking hole 22 B.

Au lieu d'une encoche, ces ferrures présentent un chant plat 23B qui fait office de surface d'appui contre le porte-outil, comme on le verra plus loin.Instead of a notch, these fittings have a flat edge 23B which acts as a bearing surface against the tool holder, as will be seen below.

L'outil 2C illustré à la figure 5 est une griffe. Il s'agit d'un outil conforme à un troisième standard en service sur le marché suédois, désigné "SMS".The 2C tool shown in figure 5 is a claw. It is a third standard compliant service tool on the Swedish market, designated "SMS".

Les ferrures prévues au dos de ces outils sont des tiges plates verticales 20C qui sont pourvues en partie haute d'un crochet 21 C ayant la forme d'un bec dont l'ouverture, semi-cylindrique, est tournée vers le bas.The fittings provided on the back of these tools are vertical flat rods 20C which are provided in the upper part of a hook 21C having the shape of a spout whose opening, semi-cylindrical, is turned downwards.

A la base de chaque ferrure est prévu un oeillet semi-cylindrique 22C. Il présente une ouverture transversale faisant office d'orifice de verrouillage.At the base of each fitting is provided a semi-cylindrical eyelet 22C. It has a transverse opening acting as a locking orifice.

En référence à la figure 6, nous allons maintenant expliquer comment s'opère le verrouillage d'un outil conforme au premier standard sur le cadre porte-outil, après son accrochage et sa mise en place.With reference to the figure 6 , we will now explain how the locking of a tool complies with the first standard on the tool holder frame, after its hooking and placement.

On suppose, comme déjà dit, que le cadre porte-outil est pourvu en partie haute de moyens d'accrochage, et en partie basse, d'organes d'appui assurant cet accrochage et cette mise en place, quel que soit le type d'outil.It is assumed, as already said, that the tool holder frame is provided in the upper part of attachment means, and in the lower part, support members ensuring the attachment and setting up, regardless of the type of tool. 'tool.

Les moyens de verrouillage qui font l'objet de la présente invention, décrits ci-après, sont adaptés pour coopérer efficacement avec des orifices de verrouillage de diamètres différents, de valeur 30 mm pour l'outil conforme au premier standard, ou de valeur 20 mm pour un outil conforme au deuxième ou troisième standard, ceci malgré la différence d'écartement mutuel -ou entraxe- des ferrures dans lesquels sont percés ces orifices, ainsi que leur différence d'épaisseur éventuelles.The locking means which are the subject of the present invention, described below, are adapted to cooperate effectively with locking holes of different diameters, of value 30 mm for the tool according to the first standard, or of value 20 mm for a tool in accordance with the second or third standard, this despite the difference in spacing mutual -or spacing- fittings in which are drilled these orifices, and their possible difference in thickness.

A titre indicatif, les épaisseurs de ferrure (correspondant à la longueur des orifices de verrouillage) et leur entraxe (interne) sont les suivantes:

  • Ferrure 20A: épaisseur 20 mm et entraxe 805 mm.
  • Ferrure 20B: épaisseur 20 mm et entraxe 740 mm.
  • Ferrure 20C: épaisseur 50 mm et entraxe 640 mm.
As an indication, the thickness of fitting (corresponding to the length of the locking holes) and their spacing (internal) are as follows:
  • Fitting 20A: thickness 20 mm and center distance 805 mm.
  • Fitting 20B: thickness 20 mm and center distance 740 mm.
  • Fitting 20C: thickness 50 mm and spacing 640 mm.

Dans un simple but de simplification et de meilleure clarté, les ferrures représentées sur les figures 6 à 12 et 17-18 ont la même forme et la même épaisseur, même si elles appartiennent à des outils de catégories de standard différentes.For the sake of simplification and clarity, the fittings shown on the Figures 6 to 12 and 17-18 have the same shape and thickness, even if they belong to tools of different standard categories.

L'écartement des plaques 4 et les dimensions des étriers en "L" retourné sont tels que les ferrures 20 d'un outil, quel qu'il soit, viennent se placer dans l'intervalle entre cette plaque 4 et la branche d'étrier 40, lorsque l'outil 2 a été correctement positionné sur le cadre porte-outil 1 et accroché à ce dernier.The spacing of the plates 4 and the dimensions of the stirrups in "L" returned are such that the fittings 20 of any tool, are placed in the gap between the plate 4 and the stirrup branch 40, when the tool 2 has been correctly positioned on the tool holder frame 1 and hooked to the latter.

Cette mise en place se fait alors que le vérin 6-7 est rétracté, dans l'état illustré sur la figure 2a ; les tiges 80 se trouvent alors dans une position de rétraction maximale, dans laquelle les tétons 9 se trouvent positionnés à l'entrée des trous de passage traversant les plaques 40, laissant libre l'intervalle susmentionné.This setting up is then that the cylinder 6-7 is retracted, in the state illustrated on the figure 2a ; the rods 80 are then in a position of maximum retraction, in which the pins 9 are positioned at the entrance of the through holes through the plates 40, leaving free the aforementioned interval.

De manière connue, l'opérateur qui se trouve sur le tracteur agricole peut manipuler à sa guise le cadre porte-outil, en l'inclinant plus ou moins grâce au vérin de bennage et en le soulevant plus ou moins, grâce au vérin de levage, pour l'engager contre la face dorsale de l'outil, et pour accrocher l'outil.In known manner, the operator on the agricultural tractor can manipulate the tool holder as he wishes, by tilting more or less with the tipping cylinder and lifting more or less, thanks to the lifting cylinder , to engage against the back of the tool, and to hook the tool.

Après accrochage et mise en appui d'u 'outil 2 sur le porte-outil 1, les orifices de verrouillage 22 se trouvent chacun dans l'alignement axial Z-Z' desdites tiges 80.After hooking and pressing a tool 2 on the tool holder 1, the locking holes 22 are each in axial alignment Z-Z 'of said rods 80.

En référence aux figures 6, 7, et 11, nous allons maintenant expliquer comment se fait le verrouillage d'un outil 2A appartenant au premier standard.With reference to figures 6 , 7 , and 11 , we will now explain how to lock a tool 2A belonging to the first standard.

Le vérin 6-7 est sollicité dans le sens de son extension, de sorte que les deux manchons 5 se déplacent vers l'extérieur jusqu'à venir en butée contre les plaques 40, ce qui correspond à l'extension maximale du vérin. Les tiges 80, qui sont repoussées au maximum vers l'extérieur, sous l'action des ressorts 52, accompagnent ce mouvement sans contrariété car il n'y a pas d'obstacle sur leur trajectoire.Cylinder 6-7 is biased in the direction of its extension, so that the two sleeves 5 move outwardly until abutting against the plates 40, which corresponds to the maximum extension of the cylinder. The rods 80, which are pushed out to the maximum, under the action of the springs 52, accompany this movement without annoyance because there is no obstacle on their path.

En fin de course, leurs portions d'extrémité viennent s'insérer chacune dans l'orifice de verrouillage, de même diamètre, des ferrures 20A. Les tétons 9, inactifs, font saillie à l'extérieur de ces ferrures.At the end of the stroke, their end portions are each inserted into the locking hole, of the same diameter, fittings 20A. The nipples 9, inactive, protrude outside these fittings.

Bien entendu les manchons 5 et les tiges 80 ont des longueurs suffisantes pour permettre ce verrouillage, les ferrures en question ayant un entraxe maximal.Of course the sleeves 5 and the rods 80 have lengths sufficient to allow this locking, the fittings in question having a maximum distance between them.

En référence aux figures 8, 9, et 13, nous allons maintenant expliquer comment se fait le verrouillage d'un outil 2B appartenant au deuxième standard.With reference to figures 8 , 9 , and 13 , we will now explain how to lock a tool 2B belonging to the second standard.

Le vérin 6-7 est sollicité dans le sens de son extension, de sorte que les deux manchons 5 se déplacent vers l'extérieur jusqu'à venir en butée contre les plaques 40, ce qui correspond à l'extension maximale du vérin.Cylinder 6-7 is biased in the direction of its extension, so that the two sleeves 5 move outwardly until abutting against the plates 40, which corresponds to the maximum extension of the cylinder.

Après une certaine course, les tétons 9 s'engagent dans les orifices de verrouillage des ferrures 20B. Les portions 30 de plus grand diamètre ne peuvent y pénétrer, si bien que la zone de raccordement entre les tétons et ces portions vient porter contre la bordure de ces orifices, en appui contre les ferrures.After a certain stroke, the pins 9 engage in the locking holes of the fittings 20B. Portions 30 of larger diameter can not penetrate, so that the connection area between the nipples and these portions comes to bear against the edge of these holes, bearing against the fittings.

Du fait que l'entraxe entre les ferrures 20B est légèrement inférieur au précédent, les tiges 80, qui sont repoussées vers l'intérieur des manchons 5, à l'encontre des ressorts 52.Since the distance between the fittings 20B is slightly lower than the previous one, the rods 80, which are pushed towards the inside of the sleeves 5, against the springs 52.

En référence aux figures 10, 11, et 14, qui concernent le verrouillage d'un outil 2C appartenant au troisième standard, on constate que l'opération est analogue à la précédente.With reference to figures 10 , 11 , and 14 , which concern the locking of a tool 2C belonging to the third standard, we see that the operation is similar to the previous one.

Toutefois, du fait que l'entraxe entre les ferrures 20C est à son tour inférieur au précédent, les tiges 80, sont repoussées au maximum à l'intérieur des manchons 5, à l'encontre des ressorts 52.However, because the distance between the fittings 20C is in turn lower than the previous one, the rods 80 are pushed as far as possible inside the sleeves 5, against the springs 52.

Le déverrouillage se fait simplement par rétraction du vérin, quel que soit l'outil concerné, le dispositif retrouvant ainsi son état initial de la figure 2a.Unlocking is simply by retraction of the cylinder, whatever the tool concerned, the device thus returning to its original state of the figure 2a .

En référence aux figures 15 à 18, nous allons maintenant décrire un second mode de réalisation possible des moyens de verrouillage.With reference to Figures 15 to 18 , we will now describe a second possible embodiment of the locking means.

La tige 80 (mobile, dans le sens du verrouillage, de gauche à droite sur les figures) est solidaire à son extrémité d'une barrette 83. Cette dernière est traversée par un alésage qui est engagé sur la portion d'extrémité de la tige 80, une goupille 830 assurant la solidarisation complète de la barrette 83 avec la tige 80.The rod 80 (movable, in the locking direction, from left to right in the figures) is integral at its end with a bar 83. The latter is traversed by a bore which is engaged on the end portion of the rod 80, a pin 830 ensuring the complete connection of the bar 83 with the rod 80.

La barrette 83 s'étend perpendiculairement à la tige 80, sensiblement dans un plan horizontal.The bar 83 extends perpendicular to the rod 80, substantially in a horizontal plane.

Le dispositif de verrouillage comprend également un levier articulé 87, qui peut pivoter en sa partie centrale autour d'un axe vertical 88.The locking device also comprises an articulated lever 87, which can pivot in its central part around a vertical axis 88.

Cet axe est porté par une pièce fixe, c'est-à-dire solidaire du cadre porte-outil, non représentée.This axis is carried by a fixed part, that is to say, integral with the tool holder frame, not shown.

A l'une de ses extrémités, le levier 87 est solidaire d'un manchon 800. Une biellette 84 assure la liaison d'une extrémité de la barrette 83 avec l'autre extrémité du levier 87.At one of its ends, the lever 87 is integral with a sleeve 800. A connecting rod 84 connects one end of the bar 83 with the other end of the lever 87.

La biellette 84 est directement articulée, via un axe 86, sur le levier 87.The rod 84 is directly articulated, via an axis 86, on the lever 87.

Cette biellette présente une lumière 840 à l'intérieur de laquelle s'engage un doigt 85 solidaire de la barrette 83.This rod has a light 840 inside which engages a finger 85 integral with the bar 83.

Le manchon 800 a un diamètre d2 supérieur au diamètre d1 de la tige 80.The sleeve 800 has a diameter d 2 greater than the diameter d 1 of the rod 80.

Le manchon 800 est tubulaire ; il présente une ouverture centrale cylindrique 801 apte à s'engager, avec un certain jeu, sur la partie d'extrémité de la tige 80.The sleeve 800 is tubular; it has a cylindrical central opening 801 able to engage, with a certain clearance, on the end portion of the rod 80.

En observant les figures 15 et 16, on comprend que si la tige 80 est déplacée en translation axiale vers l'extérieur (vers la droite de la figure 15), comme cela est symbolisé par la flèche f, il en résulte un déplacement de la biellette 84 qui induit un pivotement du levier 87 autour de l'axe fixe 88, comme cela est symbolisé par la flèche g.By observing Figures 15 and 16 , it is understood that if the rod 80 is displaced in axial translation outwards (to the right of the figure 15 ), as is symbolized by the arrow f , it results in a displacement of the rod 84 which induces a pivoting of the lever 87 around the fixed axis 88, as is symbolized by the arrow g .

On a désigné par la référence t la trajectoire du centre du manchon 800 au cours de ce pivotement ; il s'agit d'une trajectoire en arc de cercle, tangente à l'axe de la tige 80.Reference t indicates the trajectory of the center of the sleeve 800 during this pivoting; it is a trajectory in an arc of a circle, tangent to the axis of the rod 80.

Ces mouvements sont rendus possible par la présence de la lumière 840 ; en fin de course, correspondant à la position de la figure 16, le manchon 800 se trouve engagé coaxialement sur la partie d'extrémité de la tige 80.These movements are made possible by the presence of light 840; at the end of the race, corresponding to the position of the figure 16 , the sleeve 800 is engaged coaxially on the end portion of the rod 80.

On notera que l'ouverture 801 intérieure au manchon 800 est bordée par une surface d'entrée 801' approximativement conique, ou en forme de tulipe, constituant une embouchure évasée qui autorise cet engagement en fin de course de pivotement du levier 87.It will be noted that the opening 801 inside the sleeve 800 is bordered by an approximately conical or tulip-shaped inlet surface 801 'constituting a flared mouthpiece which allows this engagement at the end of the pivoting stroke of the lever 87.

Les diamètres d1 et d2 correspondent, au jeu d'engagement près, aux diamètres D1 et D2 correspondant, respectivement, aux diamètres des orifices de verrouillage des outils conformes au deuxième et au troisième standard, d'une part (20 mm), et au premier standard, d'autre part (30 mm).The diameters d 1 and d 2 correspond, with the engagement clearance, to the diameters D 1 and D 2 corresponding, respectively, to the diameters of the locking holes of the tools according to the second and third standards, on the one hand (20 mm ), and the first standard, on the other hand (30 mm).

L'écartement mutuel des orifices 22C est légèrement plus petit que l'écartement mutuel des orifices 22B, lequel est lui-même légèrement plus petit que l'écartement mutuel des orifices 22A.The mutual spacing of the orifices 22C is slightly smaller than the mutual spacing of the orifices 22B, which itself is slightly smaller than the mutual spacing of the orifices 22A.

Le dispositif de verrouillage est ainsi positionné et dimensionné que les ferrures 20B et 20C viennent se positionner en regard de la portion d'extrémité des tiges 80, entre la barrette 83 et le manchon 800 (figure 17).The locking device is thus positioned and dimensioned so that the fittings 20B and 20C are positioned facing the end portion of the rods 80, between the bar 83 and the sleeve 800 (FIGS. figure 17 ).

En revanche, la ferrure 20A, et corrélativement son orifice de verrouillage 22A, vient se positionner au niveau du manchon 800 (figure 18).In contrast, the fitting 20A, and correspondingly its locking orifice 22A, is positioned at the sleeve 800 ( figure 18 ).

On comprend donc que grâce à ce dispositif, on assure le verrouillage d'un outil conforme au premier standard par l'engagement du manchon 800 dans l'orifice 22A, comme cela est visible sur la figure 18 ; au contraire, pour un outil conforme au deuxième ou au troisième standard, le verrouillage est réalisé par la portion d'extrémité de la tige 80, comme cela est visible sur la figure 17.It is therefore understood that, thanks to this device, the locking of a tool conforming to the first standard is ensured by the engagement of the sleeve 800 in the orifice 22A, as can be seen in FIG. figure 18 ; on the contrary, for a tool conforming to the second or third standard, the locking is carried out by the end portion of the rod 80, as is visible on the figure 17 .

La mise en place de l'outil sur le cadre porte-outil se fait, bien sûr, alors que le dispositif est ouvert (figure 15), chaque ferrure 20 venant se placer entre l'extrémité d'une tige 80 et le manchon associé 800, après quoi on effectue le verrouillage (figure 17 ou 18).The implementation of the tool on the tool holder frame is, of course, while the device is open ( figure 15 ), each fitting 20 being placed between the end of a rod 80 and the associated sleeve 800, after which the locking is carried out ( figure 17 or 18 ).

Le déverrouillage s'opère par des mouvements en sens inverse.Unlocking occurs by movements in the opposite direction.

Dans ce mode de réalisation, c'est donc la broche 800 qui fait office de "première broche", servant au verrouillage d'un outil de type 2A, tandis que c'est la tige 80 qui fait office de "seconde broche", servant au verrouillage d'un outil de type 2B ou 2C.In this embodiment, it is therefore the pin 800 which acts as "first pin", used for locking a type 2A tool, while it is the rod 80 which acts as "second pin", used to lock a type 2B or 2C tool.

L'invention permet également, bien sûr de s'adapter à d'autres standards possibles d'outil, existants ou à venir, par choix approprié du diamètre et de la longueur de chaque broche, ainsi que de leur emplacement (en position active).The invention also makes it possible, of course, to adapt to other existing or future possible tool standards, by appropriate choice of the diameter and the length of each spindle, as well as their location (in active position). .

Claims (10)

  1. Device for locking a tool (2) on a tool-carrier frame (1) of a loader, particularly for agricultural use, which comprises a first pair of locking pins (80; 800) suitable for entering the locking orifices (22A) provided on fittings (20A) fixedly attached to a tool (2A) according to a given standard - called the first standard -, and a second pair of locking pins (9; 80) suitable for entering locking orifices (22B; 22C), of different diameter, provided on the fittings (20B; 20C) fixedly attached to a tool (2B; 2C) according to at least another standard, the said first and second pairs of locking pins being operated jointly by a single control system (8), characterized in that it comprises a pair of coaxial cylinder rods (80) which extend transversely and horizontally and can be moved simultaneously in axial translation under the action of the said control system (8) to the outside of the tool-carrier frame (1) in order to perform the locking, and to the inside of the tool-carrier frame (1) in the unlocking direction.
  2. Locking device according to Claim 1, characterized in that the said control system is a hydraulic or pneumatic cylinder (6-7).
  3. Locking device according to Claim 1 or 2, which allows the mounting, on the tool-carrier frame (1), of tools (2A) according to the first standard having a pair of fittings (20A) having a mutual separation in the transverse direction that is slightly greater than that of the other standard - called second standard -, these fittings being furnished with circular locking orifices (22A) whose diameter is greater than that of the circular locking orifices (22B) of the second standard, the tool-carrier frame (1) being provided with members for coupling and positioning the tools so arranged that both the locking orifices of a tool according to the first standard and those of a tool (2B) according to the second standard are each positioned in the axis (Z-Z') of the said rods (80), on the outside of the latter, when the tool (2) is put in place on the tool-carrier frame (1) when these rods are in the inactive position, retracted towards the inside, characterized in that the free end portion of each of the said rods (20), directed towards the outside of the tool-carrier frame has a diameter which corresponds, to the nearest engagement clearance, to that of the locking orifices (22A), of larger diameter, of a tool (2A) according to the first standard, this portion - which serves as a first locking pin - being extended coaxially outwards by a portion (9) in the form of a cylindrical nipple having a smaller diameter, which corresponds, to the nearest engagement clearance, to that of the locking orifices (22B) of a tool (2B) according to the second standard, this nipple (9) serving as a second locking pin.
  4. Locking device according to Claim 3, characterized in that each of the said rods (80) is guided in axial translation into a sleeve (5) that can be moved under the action of the said control system (8), in order to be able to selectively occupy, either a position retracted towards the inside of the tool-carrier frame, or a position of extension whose travel is calibrated, for example by pressing the sleeve (5) against a stop (40), an elastic system, such as a spring (52) housed in the said sleeve (5), permanently acting upon the said rod (80) in order to move it towards the outside of the sleeve, over a limited travel.
  5. Locking device according to Claim 4, characterized in that the wall of the said sleeve (5) has at least one longitudinal opening (50) and that the said rod (80) is furnished with at least one stopping finger (81) engaging in the said opening (50), which determines the travel of movement of the rod inside the sleeve.
  6. Locking device according to Claim 4 or 5, characterized in that, on the one hand, the said control system (8) comprises a double-acting hydraulic or pneumatic cylinder (6-7) mounted so as to float inside the tool-carrier frame and that, on the other hand, the said sleeves (5) are mounted coaxially at the ends of this cylinder, one of them being fixedly attached to the body (6), and the other to the rod (7) of the cylinder.
  7. Locking device according to Claim 6, which also allows the mounting on the tool-carrier frame (1) of tools (2C) according to a third standard, having a pair of fittings (20C) having a mutual separation in the transverse direction that is less than that of the other standards, and having circular locking orifices (22C) whose diameter is equal to that of the circular locking orifices of the second standard, characterized in that the said cylinder (6-7) being at maximum extension, the locking occurs as follows:
    - for a tool (2A) according to the first standard, by engagement of the largest diameter portion of each locking rod (80) in a locking orifice (22A) of the tool, this rod emerging from the sleeve (5) to the maximum;
    - for a tool (2B) according to the second standard, by engagement of the end nipple (9) of smaller diameter of each locking rod (80) in a locking orifice (22B) of the tool, this rod emerging partially from the sleeve (5);
    - for a tool (2C) according to the third standard, by engagement of the end nipple (9) of smaller diameter of each locking rod (80) in a locking orifice (22C) of the tool, this rod being entered to the maximum, or practically to the maximum, inside the sleeve (5).
  8. Locking device according to Claim 1, which allows the mounting, onto the tool-carrier frame, of tools (2A) according to the first standard having a pair of fittings (20A) having a mutual separation in the transverse direction that is slightly greater than that of the other standard - called the second standard -, these fittings being furnished with circular locking orifices (22A) whose diameter is greater than that of the circular locking orifices (22B) of the second standard, the tool-carrier frame (1) being provided with members for coupling and positioning the tools so arranged that both the locking orifices of a tool (2A) according to the first standard and those of a tool (2B) according to the second standard are each positioned in the axis (Z-Z') of the said rods, on the outside of the latter, when the tool (2) is put in place on the tool-carrier frame, when these rods are in the inactive position, retracted towards the inside, characterized in that the free end portion of each of the said rods (80) directed towards the outside of the tool-carrier frame has a diameter (d1) which corresponds, to the nearest engagement clearance, to that (D1) of the locking orifices (22B) of smaller diameter, of a tool (2B) according to the second standard, this portion - which serves as a second locking pin - being kinematically connected to a pivoting lever (87) which supports a pin (800) whose diameter (d2) corresponds, to the nearest engagement clearance, to that (D2) of the locking orifices, of larger diameter, of a tool (2A) according to the first standard, the kinematic connection between the rod and this pin (800) being such that the movement (f) of the rod (80) towards the outside induces a movement (g) in the reverse direction of the pin so that at the end of travel it is inserted into a locking orifice (22A) of the tool (2A) according to the first standard, thereby serving as a first locking pin.
  9. Locking device according to Claim 8, characterized in that the said first locking pin (800) consists of a tubular casing having an internal opening (801) which is so conformed and dimensioned that, at the end of travel, and in the locking direction, it comes to cover the free end of the rod (80).
  10. Locking device according to Claim 9, characterized in that the said first locking pin (800) in the form of a tubular casing is supported by a pivoting lever (87) whose tilting is controlled by a linkage system consisting of a bar (83) fixedly attached to the rod (80) and a holed connecting rod (84) connecting this bar (83) to the pivoting lever (87), the centre of the tubular casing having a trajectory (t) in the arc of a circle tangential to the axis (Z-Z') of the rod.
EP05364011A 2004-04-14 2005-03-01 Device for the coupling of a tool on the frame of a loader, in particular an agricultural loader. Not-in-force EP1586708B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0403912A FR2869054B1 (en) 2004-04-14 2004-04-14 DEVICE FOR LOCKING A TOOL ON THE TOOL HOLDER FRAME OF A CHARGER, PARTICULARLY FOR AGRICULTURAL USE.
FR0403912 2004-04-14

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1586708A2 EP1586708A2 (en) 2005-10-19
EP1586708A3 EP1586708A3 (en) 2006-07-05
EP1586708B1 true EP1586708B1 (en) 2008-07-23

Family

ID=34942741

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP05364011A Not-in-force EP1586708B1 (en) 2004-04-14 2005-03-01 Device for the coupling of a tool on the frame of a loader, in particular an agricultural loader.

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1586708B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE402295T1 (en)
DE (1) DE602005008301D1 (en)
FR (1) FR2869054B1 (en)

Cited By (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102009046213A1 (en) 2009-10-30 2011-05-19 Wilhelm Stoll Maschinenfabrik Gmbh Alternate frame for demountable coupling of receptacle of tool in working vehicle, particularly front loader, has carrier, coupling element rigidly fastened to carrier and manual or automated locking mechanism with locking element

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FR2939453B1 (en) * 2008-12-09 2019-04-05 Ateliers De Constructions Du Beaujolais DEVICE FOR CONNECTING TO A QUICK COUPLER AND BUCKET EQUIPPED WITH SAID DEVICE
US8899906B2 (en) 2011-07-28 2014-12-02 Caterpillar Inc. Locking members for pallet fork
US8944218B2 (en) 2011-10-17 2015-02-03 Caterpillar Inc. Pallet fork
CN109853653B (en) * 2018-12-11 2023-04-28 徐州徐工特种工程机械有限公司 Quick-changing device for accessory
FR3141113A1 (en) 2022-10-24 2024-04-26 Manurob Autonomous handling machine, installation equipped with such a machine and method of controlling such a machine
FR3141704A1 (en) 2022-11-03 2024-05-10 Manurob Tool-carrying frame and handling machine equipped with such a tool-carrying frame

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SE447282B (en) * 1985-11-19 1986-11-03 Alo Maskiner Ab DEVICE FOR FITTING TOOLS BY TRACTOR
US5078569A (en) * 1990-04-30 1992-01-07 J. I. Case Company Quick attaching mechanism for a front-end loader
US5419673A (en) * 1993-03-11 1995-05-30 Memo Industrial Planning, Inc. Quick disconnect apparatus for tractor front loader
DE29702648U1 (en) * 1997-02-15 1997-04-03 Warthold, Jürgen, 59229 Ahlen Device for locking and unlocking a tool on a tool holder frame of skid steer loaders
JP2000345576A (en) * 1999-06-07 2000-12-12 Toyota Autom Loom Works Ltd Industrial vehicle
DE10221941A1 (en) * 2002-05-17 2003-12-04 Deere & Co Device for fixing a tool on a hoist
DE10350749A1 (en) * 2003-10-30 2005-06-02 Deere & Company, Moline tool holder

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102009046213A1 (en) 2009-10-30 2011-05-19 Wilhelm Stoll Maschinenfabrik Gmbh Alternate frame for demountable coupling of receptacle of tool in working vehicle, particularly front loader, has carrier, coupling element rigidly fastened to carrier and manual or automated locking mechanism with locking element
DE102009046213B4 (en) * 2009-10-30 2014-02-13 Wilhelm Stoll Maschinenfabrik Gmbh Removable frame for a front loader

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1586708A2 (en) 2005-10-19
FR2869054B1 (en) 2006-07-07
EP1586708A3 (en) 2006-07-05
ATE402295T1 (en) 2008-08-15
FR2869054A1 (en) 2005-10-21
DE602005008301D1 (en) 2008-09-04

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