EP1583811B1 - Shaft-melt gasifier and a method for thermal treatment and processing of waste materials - Google Patents

Shaft-melt gasifier and a method for thermal treatment and processing of waste materials Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP1583811B1
EP1583811B1 EP01921139A EP01921139A EP1583811B1 EP 1583811 B1 EP1583811 B1 EP 1583811B1 EP 01921139 A EP01921139 A EP 01921139A EP 01921139 A EP01921139 A EP 01921139A EP 1583811 B1 EP1583811 B1 EP 1583811B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
shaft
melt gasifier
waste
shaft part
furnace
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP01921139A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1583811A1 (en
Inventor
Hans Ulrich Feustel
Joachim Mallon
Michael Schaaf
Klaus Scheidig
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Smile Beteiligungs GmbH
Original Assignee
Smile Beteiligungs GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Smile Beteiligungs GmbH filed Critical Smile Beteiligungs GmbH
Publication of EP1583811A1 publication Critical patent/EP1583811A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1583811B1 publication Critical patent/EP1583811B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/02—Fixed-bed gasification of lump fuel
    • C10J3/20—Apparatus; Plants
    • C10J3/22—Arrangements or dispositions of valves or flues
    • C10J3/24—Arrangements or dispositions of valves or flues to permit flow of gases or vapours other than upwardly through the fuel bed
    • C10J3/26—Arrangements or dispositions of valves or flues to permit flow of gases or vapours other than upwardly through the fuel bed downwardly
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/02—Fixed-bed gasification of lump fuel
    • C10J3/06—Continuous processes
    • C10J3/16—Continuous processes simultaneously reacting oxygen and water with the carbonaceous material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2200/00—Details of gasification apparatus
    • C10J2200/15—Details of feeding means
    • C10J2200/152—Nozzles or lances for introducing gas, liquids or suspensions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
    • C10J2300/0946—Waste, e.g. MSW, tires, glass, tar sand, peat, paper, lignite, oil shale
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0953—Gasifying agents
    • C10J2300/0959—Oxygen

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a shaft melt carburetor and a method for the thermal treatment and recovery of waste of different types, consistency and composition.
  • the OxiCup developed by the company Küttner in Essen is a hot-air cupola furnace with increased oxygen input, which processes organic materials.
  • the environmental compatibility of the process is ensured by a special exhaust gas purification technology, as in Michael Lemperle, "The application of cupola furnaces in foundries and steel plants", reprinted from CPT. Vol 14 NO. 2/1998, pp. 4-11, Giesserei-Verlag GmbH, Dusseldorf described s.
  • the disadvantage here is that only limited amounts of organic waste / residues can be processed.
  • an additional gas vent is arranged and in the upper suction and Gas- calming chamber, a pipe socket for a show hole or for the installation of an auxiliary burner is attached.
  • the lower suction and gas calming ring chamber is directly connected to a solids feed sluice, and provided with an excess gas suction nozzle and one or more water supply means.
  • the local constriction of the furnace shaft above the excess gas discharge level in the region of the oxygen nozzles enables the formation of a second, thermo-chemically active zone characterized by controllable oxygen supply and a longer residence time of the feedstocks, thereby providing controlled completion of all material-specific entraining and degassing processes of the feedstocks the other Falling of the bed can be realized.
  • DE 40 30 554 AI discloses a method and apparatus for thermal treatment of waste in a reaction vessel.
  • the reaction vessel should eliminate all dusty, lumpy, solid, doughy, pasty and / or liquid waste by burning, gasification and melting environmentally neutral.
  • the process should also be able to work effectively depending on the material and the reaction conditions up to 10 bar pressure.
  • the reaction vessel process stages of thermal waste treatment such as a pyrolysis device or a sludge drying are assigned. Fundamental to the process is that in the upper and lower furnace divided aggregate in the upper furnace at least one combustion and melting zone produced by combustion of carbonaceous materials with an oxidizing agent and calcium-containing material is added in excess.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a low investment and safety effort feasible shaft melt carburetor under atmospheric pressure and a method of carrying out for a thermal treatment and recovery of waste of different types, consistency and composition available, which is not has the disadvantages of the prior art.
  • the resulting raw gas is independent from the amount of waste material and composition free of organic pollutants, without organic pyrolysis oils and / or tar compounds.
  • the object is further developed by the method mentioned by the features of independent claim 1 and the shaft-melt carburetor by the features of claim 7.
  • An object of the present invention has accordingly been a shaft melt carburetor which is characterized in that on a base plate forming a hearth part with tapping and directly thereafter several differently shaped cylindrical shaft parts are arranged, wherein the conical shaft part protrudes into the shaft-extending shaft part and thus forms a bulk-free room with suction devices.
  • the conical shaft part protrudes into the shaft-extending shaft part and thus forms a bulk-free room with suction devices.
  • the shaft section above the hearth each have a plurality of circumferentially distributed injectors are arranged.
  • the suction devices (10) are designed as quenches, steam boilers, spray absorbers or hot filters.
  • the conical shaft part (7) is designed to be double-walled for heating. This heating can optionally with hot wind or other heat transfer such. done with thermal oil.
  • the base plate (1) and the shaft parts (2, 6) are delivered with a refractory material (15) inside the furnace.
  • refractory materials is understood to mean fired or unfired, less frequently cast, or unshaped products such as, mortars, putties, rams, flint mortars or gunts from the Group 1 or 2 high-tonnage products, chamotte products, acid chamotte products, clay liners , Silca products, magnesite chromite, chromite forsterite or the like.
  • the resulting crude gas consists of the gaseous reaction products CO, CO 2 , H 2 , H 2 O and, depending on the analysis of the waste materials used, trace components such as CS 2 , COS, SO 2 , NO x, H 2 S and HCl ,
  • the combustion air is introduced in place of the oxygen, or combustion air and oxygen in the mixture.
  • the gas produced in the reduction / cracking (Z) at a temperature of at least 800 ° C is sucked from the bed with simultaneous shock cooling and fed into a gas industry for further treatment.
  • the invention is intended to an embodiment according to the FIG. 1 be explained in more detail.
  • the schematic diagram shows a coke-heated shaft melt carburetor. It is shown that on a base plate 1, a hearth-forming shaft part 2 is placed with tapping devices 3 for slag and iron, directly followed by several differently shaped cylindrical shaft parts 4; 5; 6; 7 and 8 are arranged, wherein the conical shaft part 6 projects into the shaft-expanding shaft part 4 and thus forms a flow-free space 11 with suction devices 10 located therein, in the shaft part 4 above the hearth 2 and in the shaft part 6 above the chess part 4 in each case several around the circumference distributed injectors 9, 14 are arranged.
  • waste materials according to the invention of different nature, consistency and composition are those from the group of contaminated waste wood, used tires, industrial / commercial waste, domestic and bulky waste or similar.
  • the base plate 1 and the shaft parts 2; 6 are provided with a refractory material 15, a fill level indicator 16 is arranged on the conical shaft part 8, which has a water cooling 12 projecting into the bulk-free space 11 piece of the shaft portion 12 and the conical shaft portion 7 for heating with hot wind or other heat transfer such as thermal oil, double-walled is.
  • the adjacent bed of fill can be heated to temperatures of up to 300 °, as a result of which the condensation point of the pyrolysis oils and of the tar products shifts into the core of the bed.
  • the shaft melt carburetor sized for about 1 t / h throughput, filled with filling coke to about 500 mm above the injectors 14 before the start of the process.
  • the feed is set, which consists of the aggregates 0.04 t / h coke and 0.04 t / h lime and 1 t / h waste wood with metal components, railway sleepers and chipboard is, by means of the delivery device 18 through the shaft parts 8: 7 directly to the high temperature zone H.
  • the shaft-melt carburetor is filled to the level indicator 16 and the injectors 9; 14 and used as suction quench, steam boiler or spray absorber 10 are put into operation.
  • the oxygen introduced by the injectors 9 is considered to be important A prerequisite for the entire process of melt gasification
  • the energy demand of the system can be ensured in such a way that the flowability of metal and slag is ensured with normal use of coke and the pyrolysis coke bed temperatures required for pyrolysis and reduction work are maintained become. This creates the conditions for complete thermal decomposition of both the charged and gaseous organic pollutants that are newly formed during the process.
  • the crude gas is composed of the gaseous reaction products formed in zones H and Z. At the same time, it is sucked off laterally between the high-temperature zone H and the reduction / crack zone Z in counterflow, in the direct current and transversely to the flow directions of the furnace gases.
  • the quenches or spray absorbers 10 promote about 1600 Nm 3 / h of crude gas containing 334 1 / h of water, which is condensed out.
  • This fuel gas can be used for example by a combined heat and power plant.

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for thermal treatment and processing of waste materials of various types, consistency and composition, such as pollutant-loaded waste wood, old tyres, industrial/commercial waste, domestic waste and bulk waste and a shaft-melt gasifier for carrying out said method. The above is achieved, whereby the waste material is introduced into the high temperature zone (H), directly after burning in the shaft-melt gasifier. The organic components contained in the waste material react with oxygen here. The reaction products are sucked into the furnace along with the residual waste materials in a co-current flow. The incompletely combusted organic components of the waste materials undergo a pyrolytic decomposition. Pyrolytic coke is formed, which is burned with oxygen in the reducing/cracking zone (Z) and the raw gas sucked off between the zones (11) and (7).

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Schacht-Schmelz-Vergaser und ein Verfahren zur thermischen Behandlung und Verwertung von Abfällen unterschiedlicher Art, Konsistenz und Zusammensetzung.The invention relates to a shaft melt carburetor and a method for the thermal treatment and recovery of waste of different types, consistency and composition.

Bekannt ist es, dass die mit konventioneller Schachtofentechnik wie beispielsweise dem Hochofen und dem Kupolofen, thermisch zu behandelnden Abfallstoffe in der Regel äußerst inhomogene Materialmischungen darstellen. Als Schüttung im Ofenschacht weisen sie sowohl hohe Strömungswiderstände als auch in der Regel eine ausgeprägte Wand und Randgängigkeit auf. Die umweltverträgliche Verwertung von organischen Abfall-/Reststoffen ist bei dieser Anlagentechnik auf das Einblasen bzw. Einsaugen in die Hochtemperaturzone und damit auf den Einsatz von gasförmigen, flüssigen oder feinkörnigen festen Stoffen beschränkt. Das Chargieren über die Gicht, d.h. die bei der Gusseisen- oder Roheisenerzeugung übliche Stoffzufuhr in den Ofenschacht von oben, scheidet für organische Abfallstoffe normalerweise aus. Die Abfallstoffe unterliegen dann einer üblichen Pyrolyse und reichern das Gichtgas mit Pyrolyseprodukten an.It is known that the waste materials which are to be thermally treated by conventional shaft furnace technology, such as, for example, the blast furnace and the cupola furnace, generally represent extremely inhomogeneous material mixtures. As a bed in the furnace shaft, they have both high flow resistance and usually a pronounced wall and Randgängigkeit. The environmentally sound utilization of organic waste / residual materials is limited in this system technology to the blowing or sucking into the high temperature zone and thus to the use of gaseous, liquid or fine-grained solids. Charging via gout, i. The usual in the cast iron or pig iron feed into the furnace shaft from above, usually exudes organic waste. The waste materials then undergo conventional pyrolysis and enrich the blast furnace gas with pyrolysis products.

Aus dem Stand der Technik sind das OxiCup-Verfahren und das- KSK-Verfahren bekannt, die dieses Problem gelöst haben. Mit beiden Verfahren kann ein Rohgas mit hohen CO- und H2-Gehalten erzeugt werden, das praktisch frei von organischen Schadstoffen ist.From the prior art, the OxiCup method and the KSK method are known, which have solved this problem. With both methods, a raw gas can be produced with high CO and H 2 contents, which is virtually free of organic pollutants.

Bei dem von der Firma Küttner in Essen entwickelten OxiCup handelt es sich um einen Heisswind-Kupolofen mit erhöhtem Sauerstoffeinsatz, der organische Materialien verarbeitet. Die Umweltverträglichkeit des Verfahrens wird hierbei durch eine spezielle Abgasreinigungstechnik sichergestellt, wie in Michael Lemperle, "The application of cupola furnaces in foundnes and steel plants", Sonderdruck aus CPT. Vol 14 NO. 2/1998, S. 4 - 11, Giesserei-Verlag GmbH, Düsseldorf beschrieb en. Nachteilig ist hierbei, dass lediglich begrenzte Mengen organischer Abfall-/Reststoffe verarbeitet werden können.The OxiCup developed by the company Küttner in Essen is a hot-air cupola furnace with increased oxygen input, which processes organic materials. The environmental compatibility of the process is ensured by a special exhaust gas purification technology, as in Michael Lemperle, "The application of cupola furnaces in foundries and steel plants", reprinted from CPT. Vol 14 NO. 2/1998, pp. 4-11, Giesserei-Verlag GmbH, Dusseldorf described s. The disadvantage here is that only limited amounts of organic waste / residues can be processed.

Der unbegrenzte Einsatz organischer Abfallstoffe soll hingegen mit dem KSK-Verfahren, einem Kreislaufgas-Prinzip und entsprechender Anlagentechnik möglich sein. Die Umweltverträglichkeit des Verfahrens wird durch eine externe Rückführung des gesamten Gichtgases in die Hochtemperaturzone gewährleistet. Das Rohgas wird dabei aus der Zone im unteren Schachtbereich abgesaugt, in der die pyrolytische Zersetzung der organischen Bestandteile der Einsatzmaterialien beendet ist.The unlimited use of organic waste, on the other hand, should be possible with the KSK process, a cycle gas principle and appropriate plant technology be. The environmental compatibility of the process is ensured by an external return of the entire blast furnace gas in the high temperature zone. The raw gas is sucked out of the zone in the lower shaft area, in which the pyrolytic decomposition of the organic constituents of the feedstocks is completed.

Aus der DE 196 40 497 C2 ist beispielsweise ein koksbeheizter Kreislaufgaskupolofen zur stofflichen und/oder energetischen Verwertung von Abfallmaterialien offenbart, bei dem der vom Beschichtungstrichter bis zum Herd konisch erweiterte und aus konisch erweitert und/oder zylindrischen Ofenschüssen bestehende Ofenschacht im Bereich der Kreislaufgas- und Überschussgasabsaugebene je eine großvolumige Absaug- und Gasberuhigungsringkammer hat, die durch ein Ofenschachtteil mit querschnittsverjüngender Einengung und mit einer darin eingebauten, schräg zur Schmelz- und Überhitzungszone gerichteten Sauerstoff Direktinjektionslanze verbunden sind. Unterhalb des Begichtungstrichters ist ein zusätzlicher Gasabzug angeordnet und in der oberen Absaug- und Gasberuhigungskammer ist ein Rohrstutzen für ein Schauloch oder für die Installation eines Zusatzbrenners angebracht. Die untere Absaug- und Gasberuhigungsringkammer ist direkt mit einer Feststoffzuführungsschleuse verbunden, sowie einem Überschußgasabsaugstutzen und einer oder mehreren Wasserzuführungseinrichtungen versehen. Diese Anordnung und Ausgestaltung der einzelnen Ofenschüsse soll einen ungestörten Prozessablauf bei der stofflichen und/oder energetischen Verwertung unterschiedlicher Einsatzmaterialien mit unterschiedlicher Konsistenz und unterschiedlichem Erweichungsintervall gewährleisten, in dem einerseits die Gasgeschwindigkeiten im Bereich der beiden Gasabsaugebenen und damit die Zusatzerscheinungen und Staubablagerungen im Bereich der Kreislaufgas- und Überschussgasabsaugöffnungen in einem solchen Maße reduziert werden, dass der ungehinderte Prozessablauf auch bei Einsatz feuchter Einsatzmaterialien wie beispielsweise Hausmüllfraktionen, gewährleistet ist und prozessspezifisch auftretende Temperaturen größer 800 °C nicht mehr zu schädlichen Sintererscheinungen führen. Zu dem ermöglicht die lokale Einengung des Ofenschachtes oberhalb der Überschussgasabsaugebene im Bereich der Sauerstoffdüsen die Ausbildung einer zweiten, durch regelbare Sauerstoffzufuhr gekennzeichnete heiße thermo-chemisch aktiven Zone und eine längere Verweilzeit der Einsatzmaterialien, wodurch der kontrollierte Abschluss aller materialspezifischen Ver- und Entgasungsprozesse der Einsatzstoffe vor dem weiteren Absinken der Schüttung realisiert werden kann. Nachteilig ist hierbei und bei allen anderen bekannten Kreislaufgas-Verfahren in Kreislaufgas-Sauerstoff Kupolöfen, dass durch den Abzug des Prozessgases aus der gegenüber der Schmelz- und Überhitzungszone vergleichsweise kalten Kreislaufgasebene und durch die beim Transport über die Rohrleitungen auftretenden Temperaturverluste organische Pyrolyseöl- und/oder Teerverbindungen aus dem Kreislaufgas auskondensieren, die zu Beeinträchtigungen der Funktion der in den Kreislaufgasleitungen installierten Mess- und Regeleinrichtungen und zu Funktionsstörungen der Treibdüsenbrenner durch Rückzünderscheinungen führen können.From the DE 196 40 497 C2 For example, a Koksbeheizter Kreislaufgaskupolofen for material and / or energy recovery of waste materials disclosed in which the conical flared from the coating hopper to the stove and consisting of conically widened and / or cylindrical Ofenschüssen furnace shaft in the area of Kreislaufgas- and Überschussgasabsaugebene each a large-volume exhaust and Gas calming ring chamber, which are connected by a furnace shaft portion with cross-section tapering constriction and with a built-in, directed obliquely to the melting and overheating zone direct oxygen injection lance. Below the Begichtungsstrichters an additional gas vent is arranged and in the upper suction and Gas- calming chamber, a pipe socket for a show hole or for the installation of an auxiliary burner is attached. The lower suction and gas calming ring chamber is directly connected to a solids feed sluice, and provided with an excess gas suction nozzle and one or more water supply means. This arrangement and design of the individual furnace shots to ensure an undisturbed process flow in the material and / or energetic utilization of different feed materials with different consistency and different softening interval, in which on the one hand, the gas velocities in the region of the two Gasabsaugebenen and thus the additional phenomena and dust deposits in the field of Kreislaufgas- Excess Gasabsaugöffnungen be reduced to such an extent that the unhindered process flow is guaranteed even when using humid feeds such as household waste fractions, and process-specific occurring temperatures greater than 800 ° C no longer lead to harmful sintering. In addition, the local constriction of the furnace shaft above the excess gas discharge level in the region of the oxygen nozzles enables the formation of a second, thermo-chemically active zone characterized by controllable oxygen supply and a longer residence time of the feedstocks, thereby providing controlled completion of all material-specific entraining and degassing processes of the feedstocks the other Falling of the bed can be realized. The disadvantage here and in all other known cycle gas process in circulating gas oxygen cupolas that by the withdrawal of the process gas from the opposite melting and overheating zone comparatively cold cycle gas level and by occurring during transport over the pipes temperature losses organic pyrolysis oil and / or Condense tar compounds from the recycle gas, which can lead to impairment of the function of installed in the recirculation gas lines measuring and control devices and malfunction of the propellant nozzle burner by Rückzünderscheinungen.

Weiterhin ist in DE 40 30 554 AI ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zur thermischen Behandlung von Abfallstoffen in einem Reaktionsbehälter offenbart. Der Reaktionsbehälter soll alle staubförmigen, stückigen, festen, teigigen, pastösen und/oder flüssigen Abfallstoffe durch Verbrennen, Vergasung und Erschmelzung umweltneutral beseitigen können. Das Verfahren soll ebenfalls in Abhängigkeit vom Material und der Reaktionsführung bis zu 10 bar Druck effektiv arbeiten können. Zur weiteren Ausgestaltung sind dem Reaktionsbehälter Verfahrensstufen der thermischen Abfallbehandlung wie eine Pyrolyse-Vorrichtung oder eine Schlammtrocknung zugeordnet. Grundlegend für das Verfahren ist, dass in dem in Ober- und Unterofen geteilten Aggregat im Oberofen mindestens eine Verbrennungs- und Schmelzzone durch Verbrennung von kohlenstoffhaltigen Materialien mit einem oxidierend wirkenden Mittel erzeugt und kalziumhaltiges Material im Überschuss zugesetzt wird. Die Nachteile des in DE 40 30 554 A1 dargestellten Verfahrens zur thermischen Behandlung von Ablallstoffen in einem Reaktionsbehälter bestehen darin, dass anlagen- und sicherheitstechnisch aufwendige Gasverschlüsse druckdicht in die Anlagentechnik integriert werden müssen, und das Verfahren nur unter Druck durchgeführt werden kann. Die verfahrenstechnisch offenbarten Möglichkeiten der thermischen Behandlung von Abfallstoffen sind durch energetische Widersprüche gekennzeichnet.Furthermore, in DE 40 30 554 AI discloses a method and apparatus for thermal treatment of waste in a reaction vessel. The reaction vessel should eliminate all dusty, lumpy, solid, doughy, pasty and / or liquid waste by burning, gasification and melting environmentally neutral. The process should also be able to work effectively depending on the material and the reaction conditions up to 10 bar pressure. For further embodiment, the reaction vessel process stages of thermal waste treatment such as a pyrolysis device or a sludge drying are assigned. Fundamental to the process is that in the upper and lower furnace divided aggregate in the upper furnace at least one combustion and melting zone produced by combustion of carbonaceous materials with an oxidizing agent and calcium-containing material is added in excess. The disadvantages of in DE 40 30 554 A1 illustrated method for the thermal treatment of Ablallstoffen in a reaction vessel are that plant and safety technically complicated gas closures must be pressure-tight integrated into the system technology, and the process can be carried out only under pressure. The procedurally disclosed ways of thermal treatment of waste materials are characterized by energetic contradictions.

Die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung besteht deshalb darin, einen mit geringem anlagen- und sicherheitstechnischen Aufwand realisierbaren Schacht-Schmelz-Vergaser unter Normaldruck und ein Verfahren zur Durchführung für eine thermische Behandlung und Verwertung von Abfällen unterschiedlicher Art, Konsistenz und Zusammensetzung zur Verfügung zustellen, welches nicht die Nachteile des Standes der Technik aufweist. Das enstehende Rohgas ist unabhängig von der Abfallstoffeinsatzmenge und -zusammensetzung frei von organischen Schadstoffen, ohne organische Pyrolyseöle und/oder Teerverbindungen.Therefore, the object of the present invention is to provide a low investment and safety effort feasible shaft melt carburetor under atmospheric pressure and a method of carrying out for a thermal treatment and recovery of waste of different types, consistency and composition available, which is not has the disadvantages of the prior art. The resulting raw gas is independent from the amount of waste material and composition free of organic pollutants, without organic pyrolysis oils and / or tar compounds.

Die Aufgabe wird durch das eingangs genannte Verfahren durch die Merkmale des unabhängigen Anspruches 1 und der Schacht-Schmelz-Vergaser durch die Merkmale des Anspruches 7 weitergebildet.The object is further developed by the method mentioned by the features of independent claim 1 and the shaft-melt carburetor by the features of claim 7.

Ein Gegenstand der vorliegenden Erfindung ist dementsprechend, ein Schacht Schmelz-Vergaser gewesen der dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, dass auf einer Grundplatte ein den Herd bildender Schachtteil mit Abstichvorrichtungen und direkt anschließend mehrere verschiedenartig gestaltete zylindrische Schachtteile angeordnet sind, wobei der konische Schachtteil in den schachterweiternden Schachtteil hineinragt und so einen schüttungsfreien Raum mit Absaugeinrichtungen bildet. Im Schachtteil oberhalb des Herdes sind jeweils mehrere über den Umfang verteilte Injektoren angeordnet.An object of the present invention has accordingly been a shaft melt carburetor which is characterized in that on a base plate forming a hearth part with tapping and directly thereafter several differently shaped cylindrical shaft parts are arranged, wherein the conical shaft part protrudes into the shaft-extending shaft part and thus forms a bulk-free room with suction devices. In the shaft section above the hearth each have a plurality of circumferentially distributed injectors are arranged.

In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform des Schacht-Schmelz-Vergasers sind die Absaugeinrichtungen (10) als Quenche, Dampfkessel, Sprühabsorber oder Heißfilter ausgebildet.In a preferred embodiment of the shaft melt carburetor, the suction devices (10) are designed as quenches, steam boilers, spray absorbers or hot filters.

In einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform des Schacht-Schmelz-Vergaser ist der konische Schachtteil (7) zur Beheizung doppelwandig ausgeführt. Diese Beheizung kann wahlweise mit Heisswind oder anderen Wärmeträgern wie z.B. mit Thermoöl erfolgen.In a further preferred embodiment of the shaft melt carburetor, the conical shaft part (7) is designed to be double-walled for heating. This heating can optionally with hot wind or other heat transfer such. done with thermal oil.

In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform des Schacht-Schmelz-Vergasers sind im Ofeninneren die Grundplatte (1) und die Schachtteile (2; 6) mit einem feuerfesten Material (15) zugestellt.In a preferred embodiment of the shaft melting carburettor, the base plate (1) and the shaft parts (2, 6) are delivered with a refractory material (15) inside the furnace.

Im Rahmen der vorliegenden Erfindung versteht man unter dem Begriff feuerfeste Materialien gebrannte oder ungebrannte, seltener schmelzgegossene Steine oder ungeformte Erzeugnisse wie, Mörtel, Kitte, Rammassen Feuerbetone oder Spritzmassen aus der Gruppe der tonerdereichen Erzeugnisse der Gruppe 1 oder 2, Schamotteerzeugnisse, saure Schamotteerzeugnisse, Tondinaserzeugnisse, Silcaerzeugnisse, Magnesit-Chromit, Chromit Forsterit oder ähnliche.In the context of the present invention, the term refractory materials is understood to mean fired or unfired, less frequently cast, or unshaped products such as, mortars, putties, rams, flint mortars or gunts from the Group 1 or 2 high-tonnage products, chamotte products, acid chamotte products, clay liners , Silca products, magnesite chromite, chromite forsterite or the like.

Überraschenderweise zeigte sich, dass die in den Schacht-Schmelz-Vergaser eingebrachten organischen Abfallstoffe und auch die im Prozess der thermischen Behandlung entstehenden organischen Schadstoffe (Pyrolyseprodukte) durch die Gleichstromtechnik während des Prozesses ohne außerhalb des Ofenschachtes angeordnete Anlagentechnik selbst zerstört werden. Die prozessinterne Vernichtung organischer Schadstoffe wird somit mit einfachen Mitteln realisiert.Surprisingly, it has been shown that the organic waste introduced into the shaft melt gasifier and also the organic pollutants (pyrolysis products) produced in the process of the thermal treatment are destroyed by the DC technology during the process without any system technology outside the furnace shaft itself. The process-internal destruction of organic pollutants is thus realized with simple means.

Ein weiterer Gegenstand der vorliegenden Erfindung ist ein Verfahren zur thermischen Behandlung und Verwertung von Abfallstoffen unterschiedlicher Art, Konsistenz und Zusammensetzung, wie z. B. schadstoffbelastetes Altholz. Altreifen, Industrie-/Gewerbeabfallstoffe, Haus- und Sperrmüll sowie aus diesen Abfallstoffen erzeugte Ersatzbrennstoffe in dem erfindungsgemäßen Schacht-Schmelz-Vergaser, bei dem

  • die Abfallstoffe und Zuschläge nach dem Anbrennen des Schacht-Schmelz-Vergasers über die Schachtteile (8; 7)) direkt bis zur Hochtemperaturzone (H) eingebracht werden.
  • dann in die Hochtemperaturzone (11) Sauerstoff eingedüst wird. ,
  • die mineralischen und metallischen Bestandteile der Abfallstoffe abtropfen bzw. abfließen,
  • gleichzeitig die so durch thermochemische Umsatzreaktionen entstehenden heißen gasförmigen Reaktionsprodukte als ein Teil des Rohgases mit den absinkenden nicht vollständig verbrannten organischen Bestandteilen des Abfallstoffes durch Absaugeinrichtungen (10) im Gleichstrom in Richtung Herd (2) geführt werden und einer pyrolytischen Zersetzung unterliegen,
  • der während der Absetzzeit in der Reduzier-/Crackzone (Z) bildende Pyrolysekoks mit Sauerstoff zu weiteren gasförmigen Reaktionsprodukten als Rohgas verbrannt wird wobei sich Schlacke und Metall im Herd (2) sammeln und
  • das gesamte Rohgas gleichzeitig im Gegenstrom, im Gleichstrom und quer zu den Strömungsrichtungen der Ofengase seitlich zwischen der Hochtemperaturzone (H) und der Reduzier-/Crackzone (Z) abgesaugt wird.
Another object of the present invention is a method for thermal treatment and recovery of waste materials of different types, consistency and composition, such. B. contaminated waste wood. Waste tires, industrial / commercial waste, household and bulky refuse, as well as waste fuels produced from these waste materials in the shaft melting gasifier according to the invention, in which
  • the wastes and aggregates after firing the shaft melt carburetor over the shaft parts (8, 7)) are introduced directly to the high temperature zone (H).
  • then oxygen is injected into the high-temperature zone (11). .
  • the mineral and metallic components of the waste material drip off or run off,
  • at the same time the hot gaseous reaction products thus produced by thermochemical conversion reactions are conducted as a part of the raw gas with the sinking incompletely burned organic constituents of the waste material through suction devices (10) in the direction of the hearth (2) and undergo pyrolytic decomposition,
  • the pyrolysis coke forming during the settling time in the reduction / cracking zone (Z) is burnt with oxygen to form further gaseous reaction products as raw gas, with slag and metal collecting in the hearth (2) and
  • the entire raw gas at the same time in countercurrent, in the direct current and transverse to the flow directions of the furnace gases is sucked laterally between the high-temperature zone (H) and the reduction / cracking zone (Z).

In dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren besteht das entstehende Rohgas aus den gasförmigen Reaktionsprodukten CO, CO2, H2, H2O sowie abhängig von der Analyse der eingesetzten Abfallstoffe aus Spurenkomponenten, wie CS2, COS, SO2, NOx, H2S und HCl.In the process according to the invention, the resulting crude gas consists of the gaseous reaction products CO, CO 2 , H 2 , H 2 O and, depending on the analysis of the waste materials used, trace components such as CS 2 , COS, SO 2 , NO x, H 2 S and HCl ,

In einer weiteren Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren wird die Verbrennungsluft anstelle des Sauerstoffs, oder Verbrennungsluft und Sauerstoff im Gemisch eingebracht.In a further embodiment of the method according to the invention, the combustion air is introduced in place of the oxygen, or combustion air and oxygen in the mixture.

In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform des Verfahrens wird das in der Reduzier-/Crackzorie (Z) entstehende Gas mit einer Temperatur von mindestens 800 °C aus der Schüttung bei gleichzeitiger Schockkühlung abgesaugt und in eine Gaswirtschaft zur Weiterbehandlung geleitet.In a preferred embodiment of the method, the gas produced in the reduction / cracking (Z) at a temperature of at least 800 ° C is sucked from the bed with simultaneous shock cooling and fed into a gas industry for further treatment.

Die Erfindung soll an einem Ausführungsbeispiel gemäß der Figur 1 näher erläutert werden. Die schematische Darstellung zeigt einen koksbeheizten Schacht-Schmelz-Vergaser. Es ist dargestellt, dass auf einer Grundplatte 1 ein den Herd bildender Schachtteil 2 mit Abstichvorrichtungen 3 für Schlacke und Eisen aufgesetzt ist, direkt anschließend mehrere verschiedenartig gestaltete zylindrische Schachtteile 4; 5; 6; 7 und 8 angeordnet sind, wobei der konische Schachtteil 6 in den schachterweiternden Schachtteil 4 ragt und so einen schüttungsfreien Raum 11 mit hierin liegenden Absaugeinrichtungen 10 bildet, im Schachtteil 4 oberhalb des Herdes 2 und im Schachtteil 6 oberhalb des Schachteiles 4 jeweils mehrere um den Umfang verteilte Injektoren 9 ;14 angeordnet sind.The invention is intended to an embodiment according to the FIG. 1 be explained in more detail. The schematic diagram shows a coke-heated shaft melt carburetor. It is shown that on a base plate 1, a hearth-forming shaft part 2 is placed with tapping devices 3 for slag and iron, directly followed by several differently shaped cylindrical shaft parts 4; 5; 6; 7 and 8 are arranged, wherein the conical shaft part 6 projects into the shaft-expanding shaft part 4 and thus forms a flow-free space 11 with suction devices 10 located therein, in the shaft part 4 above the hearth 2 and in the shaft part 6 above the chess part 4 in each case several around the circumference distributed injectors 9, 14 are arranged.

Bei den erfindungsgemäßen zu verwertenden Abfallstoffen unterschiedlicher Art, Konsistenz und Zusammensetzung handelt es sich um solche aus der Gruppe von schadstoffbelastetem Altholz, Altreifen, Industrie-/Gewerbeabfallstoffen, Haus- und Sperrmüll oder ähnlichen.The waste materials according to the invention of different nature, consistency and composition are those from the group of contaminated waste wood, used tires, industrial / commercial waste, domestic and bulky waste or similar.

Für die Funktionsfähigkeit und Betriebssicherheit des Schacht-Schmelz-Vergasers ist von Bedeutung, dass im Ofeninneren die Grundplatte 1 und die Schachtteile 2; 6 mit einem feuerfesten Material 15 zugestellt sind, am konischen Schachtteil 8 eine Füllstandsanzeige 16 angeordnet ist, das in den schüttungsfreien Raum 11 ragende Stück des Schachtteiles 6 eine Wasserkühlung 12 hat und der konische Schachtteil 7 zur Beheizung mit Heisswind oder anderen Wärmeträgern wie Thermoöl, doppelwandig ausgeführt ist. Dadurch kann in diesem Schachtbereich der angrenzende Schüttungsrand auf Temperaturen bis 300° aufgeheizt werden, wodurch sich der Kondensationspunkt der Pyrolyseöle und der Teerprodukte in den Kern der Schüttung verschiebt.For the functionality and reliability of the shaft melting carburetor is important that in the furnace interior, the base plate 1 and the shaft parts 2; 6 are provided with a refractory material 15, a fill level indicator 16 is arranged on the conical shaft part 8, which has a water cooling 12 projecting into the bulk-free space 11 piece of the shaft portion 12 and the conical shaft portion 7 for heating with hot wind or other heat transfer such as thermal oil, double-walled is. As a result, in this shaft area, the adjacent bed of fill can be heated to temperatures of up to 300 °, as a result of which the condensation point of the pyrolysis oils and of the tar products shifts into the core of the bed.

Am Beispiel der thermischen Behandlung und Verwertung von Altholz mit Metallteilen, Bahnschwellen und Spanplatten wird der Schacht-Schmelz-Vergaser, dimensioniert für ca. 1 t/h Durchsatz, vor Prozessbeginn mit Füllkoks bis ca. 500 mm oberhalb der Injektoren 14 gefüllt. Jetzt erfolgt wie bei herkömmlichen klassischen Kupolöfen das Anbrennen mit natürlichem Zug und gegebenenfalls mit Unterstützung durch Zugabe von Sauerstoff mittels der Injektoren 9 ; 14. Nach dem Anbrennen, dies bedeutet, dass der Füllkoks durchgebrannt und weissglühend ist, erfolgt das Setzen der Beschickung, welche aus den Zuschlägen 0.04 t/h Koks und 0,04 t/h Kalk sowie aus 1 t/h Altholz mit Metallanteilen, Bahnschwellen und Spanplatten besteht, mittels der Begichtungseinrichtung 18 über die Schachtteile 8: 7 direkt bis zur Hochtemperaturzone H. Der Schacht-Schmelz-Vergaser wird bis zur Füllstandsanzeige 16 gefüllt und die Injektoren 9; 14 und die als Absaugeinrichtungen eingesetzten Quenche, Dampfkessel oder Sprühabsorber 10 werden in Betrieb genommen.Using the example of the thermal treatment and recovery of waste wood with metal parts, railway sleepers and chipboard, the shaft melt carburetor, sized for about 1 t / h throughput, filled with filling coke to about 500 mm above the injectors 14 before the start of the process. Now, as in conventional classical cupolas burning with natural draft and optionally with the support of the addition of oxygen by means of the injectors 9; 14. After firing, this means that the filling coke is burnt and incandescent, the feed is set, which consists of the aggregates 0.04 t / h coke and 0.04 t / h lime and 1 t / h waste wood with metal components, Railway sleepers and chipboard is, by means of the delivery device 18 through the shaft parts 8: 7 directly to the high temperature zone H. The shaft-melt carburetor is filled to the level indicator 16 and the injectors 9; 14 and used as suction quench, steam boiler or spray absorber 10 are put into operation.

Durch die Injektoren 9; 14 werden 273 m3/h Sauerstoff eingeblasen. In der Hochtemperaturzone H reagieren die in den Abfallstoffen enthaltenen organischen Bestandteile mit dem eingedüsten Sauerstoff. Die mineralischen und metallischen Bestandteile der Abfallstoffe schmelzen und fließen oder tropfen nach unten ab. Gleichzeitig werden die durch thermochemische Umsatzreaktionen entstehenden heißen gasförmigen Reaktionsprodukte mit den absinkenden, nicht oder nicht vollständig verbrannten organischen Bestandteilen des Abfallstoffes durch die Quenche oder Sprühabsorber 10 im Gleichstrom in Richtung Herd 2 geführt und unterliegen einer pyrolytischen Zersetzung. Der sich während der Absetzzeit in der Reduzier-/Crackzone Z bildende Pyrolysekoks wird durch den von den Injektoren 9 eingebrachten Sauerstoff verbrannt, wobei sich Schlacke und Metall im Herd 2 sammeln. Der von den Injektoren 9 eingebrachte Sauerstoff ist als eine wichtige Voraussetzung für den gesamten Prozess der Schmelzvergasung anzusehen Mit der Verbrennung des Pyrolysekoks kann der Energiebedarf des Systems dahingehend gesichert werden, dass die Fließfähigkeit von Metall und Schlacke bei normale Einsatz von Satzkoks gewährleistet ist und die für die Pyrolyse und die Reduktionsarbeit erforderlichen Temperaturen im Pyrolysekoksbett aufrecht erhalten werden. Dies schafft die Voraussetzungen dafür, dass eine vollständige thermische Zersetzung sowohl der eingebrachten als auch der während des Prozesses neu gebildeten temperaturbedingt, gasförmigen organischen Schadstoffe stattfindet.Through the injectors 9; 14 are injected 273 m 3 / h of oxygen. In the high-temperature zone H, the organic constituents contained in the waste substances react with the injected oxygen. The mineral and metallic components of the waste melt and flow or drip down. At the same time resulting from thermochemical reaction reactions hot gaseous reaction products are passed with the sinking, not or not completely burned organic components of the waste through the quench or spray absorber 10 in the DC flow in the direction of stove 2 and subject to pyrolytic decomposition. The pyrolysis coke forming during the settling time in the reduction / cracking zone Z is burned by the oxygen introduced by the injectors 9, with slag and metal collecting in the hearth 2. The oxygen introduced by the injectors 9 is considered to be important A prerequisite for the entire process of melt gasification With the combustion of the pyrolysis coke, the energy demand of the system can be ensured in such a way that the flowability of metal and slag is ensured with normal use of coke and the pyrolysis coke bed temperatures required for pyrolysis and reduction work are maintained become. This creates the conditions for complete thermal decomposition of both the charged and gaseous organic pollutants that are newly formed during the process.

Das Rohgas setzt sich aus den in den Zonen H und Z gebildeten gasförmigen Reaktionsprodukten zusammen. Es wird gleichzeitig im Gegenstrom, im Gleichstrom und quer zu den Strömungsrichtungen der Ofengase seitlich zwischen der Hochtemperaturzone H und der Reduzier-/Crackzone Z abgesaugt. Die Quenche oder Sprühabsorber 10 fördern ca.1600 Nm3/h Rohgas, das 334 1/h Wasser enthält, welches auskondensiert wird. Von einer nicht dargestellten Gasreinigung werden somit 1183 Nm3/h Brenngas mit einer Heizleistung von 2,99 MW und einem Heizwert von 2,5 KWh/m3 mit etwa 20 % H2, 54 % CO, 9 % CO2 und ca. 17 % N2 erzeugt. Dieses Brenngas kann beispielsweise von einen Blockheizkraftwerk genutzt werden. Durch die Quenche oder Sprühabsorber 10 werden ca. 230 m3/h Falschluft von der Begichtung durch die Schüttung gesaugt, so dass ein Gasaustritt aus dem Ofenschacht sicher verhindert wird. Ca. 0.09 t/h metallische und ca. 0,07 t/h mineralische Komponenten der Abfallstoffe werden durch die Abstichvorrichtungen 3 aus den Schacht-Schmelz-Vergaser abgezogen. Alle rohgasförmigen Organika und Gaskomponenten werden vollständig zu CO, CO2) H2, H2O sowie abhängig von der Analyse der eingesetzten Abfallstoffe zu Spurenkomponenten wie CS2, COS, SO2, NOx, H2S und HCl reduziert. Das entstandene Gas wird mit Temperaturen von mindestens 800 °C aus der Schüttung abgesaugt und in eine Gaswirtschaft zur Weiterverarbeitung geleitet:The crude gas is composed of the gaseous reaction products formed in zones H and Z. At the same time, it is sucked off laterally between the high-temperature zone H and the reduction / crack zone Z in counterflow, in the direct current and transversely to the flow directions of the furnace gases. The quenches or spray absorbers 10 promote about 1600 Nm 3 / h of crude gas containing 334 1 / h of water, which is condensed out. 1183 Nm 3 / h fuel gas with a heating power of 2.99 MW and a calorific value of 2.5 KWh / m 3 with about 20% H 2 , 54% CO, 9% CO 2 and ca. 17% N 2 produced. This fuel gas can be used for example by a combined heat and power plant. Through the quencher or spray absorber 10 about 230 m 3 / h of false air sucked by the discharge through the bed, so that a gas outlet from the furnace shaft is reliably prevented. Approximately 0.09 t / h metallic and about 0.07 t / h mineral components of the waste materials are withdrawn by the tappets 3 from the shaft melt carburetor. All crude organics and gas components are completely reduced to CO, CO 2 ) H 2 , H 2 O and depending on the analysis of the waste used to trace components such as CS 2 , COS, SO 2 , NOx, H 2 S and HCl. The resulting gas is extracted with temperatures of at least 800 ° C from the bed and fed into a gas industry for further processing:

Claims (14)

  1. Method for the thermal treatment and the recycling of waste material of various kinds, consistencies and compositions in a shaft-melt gasifier,
    characterized in that
    - the waste material and aggregates are introduced directly into the high-temperature zone (H) via the shaft parts (8; 7) after the shaft-melt gasifier has been started-up,
    - oxygen is then injected into the high-temperature zone (H),
    - the mineral and metal components of the waste material drop or flow off,
    - at the same time, the hot gaseous reaction products formed by thermo-chemical conversion reactions are directed, as a part of the raw gas, by suction means (10) towards the furnace (2) in a parallel flow with the sinking, not fully combusted organic parts of the waste material, and are subject to pyrolysis,
    - the pyrolysis coke forming in the reduction/crack zone (Z) during the settling time is combusted with oxygen to form further gaseous reaction products as a raw gas, while slag and metal collect in the furnace (2), and
    - all of the raw gas is drawn off laterally between the high-temperature zone (H) and the reduction/crack zone (Z), simultaneously in a counter flow, a parallel flow and transverse to the flow directions of the furnace gases.
  2. Method of claim 1, characterized in that the raw gas formed consists of the gaseous reaction products CO, CO2, H2, H2O, as well as - depending on the analysis of the waste material charged - trace components such CS2, COS, SO2, NOx, H2S and HCl.
  3. Method of claim 1 and 2, characterized in that combustion air is introduced instead of oxygen.
  4. Method of claim 1 and 2, characterized in that combustion air and oxygen are introduced.
  5. Method of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the temperatures in the shaft-melt gasifier are in the temperature range from 1800 °C to more than 2000 °C.
  6. Method of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the gas formed in the reduction/crack zone (Z) is drawn from the charge at a temperature of at least 800 °C while simultaneously being shock cooled, and is directed into a gas plant for further treatment.
  7. Shaft-melt gasifier for executing the method of clams 1 to 6, characterized in that a shaft part (2) forming the furnace is set on a base plate (1), the shaft part comprising tapping devices (3) for slag and iron, and that immediately adjoining said shaft part a plurality of cylindrical shaft parts (4; 5; 6; 7; 8) of different configurations are arranged, the conical shaft part (6) protruding into the shaft part (4) that expands the shaft and thereby forming a charge-free space (11) with suction means (10) arranged therein, wherein a plurality injectors (9; 11) distributed over the circumference are arranged in the shaft part (4) above the furnace (2) and in the shaft part (6) above the shaft part (4), respectively.
  8. Shaft-melt gasifier of claim 7, characterized in that the suction means (10) are quenches.
  9. Shaft-melt gasifier of claim 7, characterized in that the suction means (10) are spray absorbers.
  10. Shaft-melt gasifier of claim 7, characterized in that the suction means (10) are steam boilers.
  11. Shaft-melt gasifier of claims 7 to 10, characterized in that the piece of the shaft part (6) protruding into the shaft part (4) comprises a water cooling (12).
  12. Shaft-melt gasifier of claims 7 to 11, characterized in that the conical shaft part (7) for heating with hot wind or other heat carriers such as thermo-oil is of a double-walled configuration.
  13. Shaft-melt gasifier of claims 7 to 12, characterized in that, inside the furnace, the base plate (1) and the shaft parts (2; 6) are clad with a refractory material.
  14. Shaft-melt gasifier of claims 7 to 13, characterized in that a level indicator (16) is provided at the conical shaft part (8).
EP01921139A 2000-02-25 2001-01-31 Shaft-melt gasifier and a method for thermal treatment and processing of waste materials Expired - Lifetime EP1583811B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10009023 2000-02-25
DE10009023 2000-02-25
DE10051648A DE10051648A1 (en) 2000-02-25 2000-10-18 Process and shaft melting gasifier for thermal treatment and recycling of waste materials
DE10051648 2000-10-18
PCT/DE2001/000401 WO2001062873A1 (en) 2000-02-25 2001-01-31 Shaft-melt gasifier and a method for thermal treatment and processing of waste materials

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1583811A1 EP1583811A1 (en) 2005-10-12
EP1583811B1 true EP1583811B1 (en) 2009-09-30

Family

ID=26004523

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP01921139A Expired - Lifetime EP1583811B1 (en) 2000-02-25 2001-01-31 Shaft-melt gasifier and a method for thermal treatment and processing of waste materials

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1583811B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE444349T1 (en)
AU (1) AU2001248252A1 (en)
DE (3) DE10051648A1 (en)
ES (1) ES2333299T3 (en)
WO (1) WO2001062873A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10145460C1 (en) * 2001-09-14 2003-05-28 Hans Ulrich Feustel Furnace for producing synthesis gas from water and organic material has hearth which tapers towards base and is connected to conical sections, one of which is fitted with injectors for supplementary air and oxygen
DE10158463B4 (en) * 2001-11-28 2004-02-12 Hans Ulrich Feustel Process for the combined recycling of waste materials of different types, consistency and composition in a shaft-melting gasifier
DE20200095U1 (en) * 2002-01-04 2003-05-08 Umweltkontor Renewable Energy Co-current shaft reactor
DE20200935U1 (en) * 2002-01-23 2003-05-28 Umweltkontor Renewable Energy Co-current shaft reactor
DE10327178B3 (en) * 2003-06-17 2005-05-04 Hans Ulrich Feustel Plant for producing metal and slag melts and synthesis gas from waste has gasification unit with tapping outlet at its base, unit being connected to gas quenching and cooling unit containing hydrocyclone and foam- and oil separator
DE102006039204B4 (en) * 2006-08-22 2011-12-08 Rheinkalk Gmbh Annular shaft kiln
CN101817011A (en) * 2009-02-27 2010-09-01 Kbi国际有限公司 Reactor and method for heat treatment of raw materials
US11788021B2 (en) 2018-11-28 2023-10-17 Kbi Invest & Management Ag Reactor and process for gasifying and/or melting of feed materials
EP3660132A1 (en) * 2018-11-28 2020-06-03 Waste & Energy Solutions GmbH Reactor and process for gasifying and/or melting of feed materials

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19640497C2 (en) * 1996-10-01 1999-01-28 Hans Ulrich Dipl Ing Feustel Coke-heated cycle gas cupola for material and / or energy recovery of waste materials
DE19816864C2 (en) * 1996-10-01 2001-05-10 Hans Ulrich Feustel Coke-heated cycle gas cupola furnace for material and / or energy recovery of waste materials of different compositions

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE444349T1 (en) 2009-10-15
DE10190606D2 (en) 2003-01-30
ES2333299T3 (en) 2010-02-19
DE10051648A1 (en) 2001-09-13
DE50115148D1 (en) 2009-11-12
WO2001062873A1 (en) 2001-08-30
EP1583811A1 (en) 2005-10-12
AU2001248252A1 (en) 2001-09-03

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP1261827B8 (en) Reactor and method for gasifying and/or melting materials
EP1583811B1 (en) Shaft-melt gasifier and a method for thermal treatment and processing of waste materials
DE19640497C2 (en) Coke-heated cycle gas cupola for material and / or energy recovery of waste materials
EP0862019B1 (en) Method and device for thermal treatment of fly ash from grate incinerators
DE2328332A1 (en) METHOD OF WASTE DESTRUCTION BY GASIFICATION AND INCINERATION
CH638296A5 (en) METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR BURNING CARBONOUS RAW MATERIALS BY MEANS OF SOLID FUELS IN A DC-REGENERATIVE CHAMBER.
EP0626540B1 (en) Method and device for the disposal of variously composed waste materials
DE3512810A1 (en) METHOD AND INSTALLATION FOR THE COMBUSTION OF WASTE
EP0681144B1 (en) Method and apparatus for incineration of waste
DE19816864C2 (en) Coke-heated cycle gas cupola furnace for material and / or energy recovery of waste materials of different compositions
DE3727218C2 (en)
DE102007017859A1 (en) Double-walled direct current gasifier for organic components and water, has gas and/or vapor and/or combustion medium supplying devices arranged over each other in plane or multiple planes
DE10145460C1 (en) Furnace for producing synthesis gas from water and organic material has hearth which tapers towards base and is connected to conical sections, one of which is fitted with injectors for supplementary air and oxygen
DE4324699C2 (en) Method and device for the complete afterburning of process gases in a coke-heated shaft furnace
DE102004045926B4 (en) disposal unit
EP0931840A1 (en) Process and installation for iron ore reduction in blast furnaces
DE3327203A1 (en) Process for gasification of refuse and equipment for carrying out the process
DE102018105059A1 (en) Process for the utilization of valuable, in particular phosphorus-containing waste materials by means of melt gasification
DE10158463B4 (en) Process for the combined recycling of waste materials of different types, consistency and composition in a shaft-melting gasifier
EP0500517A1 (en) Method of starting a plant for producing pig iron or steel pre-material and a plant for carrying out such a method
EP1095235A2 (en) Coke-heated circulating gas cupola furnace for material and/or energetic recycling of waste materials having different compositions
DE4440504A1 (en) Disposal of waste and smelting of metal scrap in a kiln with incandescent coke bed waste gas filter
DE19936935C2 (en) Method and device for increasing performance and saving fuel in the production of pig iron
DE19616677C2 (en) Stove-shaft furnace for recycling waste
EP0623568B1 (en) Process and apparatus for the simultaneous production of coarse ceramic products and combustion gas

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AT BE CH CY DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LI LU MC NL PT SE TR

19A Proceedings stayed before grant

Effective date: 20050719

19F Resumption of proceedings before grant (after stay of proceedings)

Effective date: 20071130

RAP1 Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred)

Owner name: SMILE BETEILIGUNGS GMBH

RIN1 Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected)

Inventor name: SCHEIDIG, KLAUS

Inventor name: SCHAAF, MICHAEL

Inventor name: MALLON, JOACHIM

Inventor name: FEUSTEL, HANS ULRICH

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 20030113

GRAP Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1

GRAS Grant fee paid

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AT BE CH CY DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LI LU MC NL PT SE TR

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: FG4D

Free format text: NOT ENGLISH

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: EP

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: IE

Ref legal event code: FG4D

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 50115148

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 20091112

Kind code of ref document: P

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: NV

Representative=s name: ISLER & PEDRAZZINI AG

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20090930

Ref country code: FI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20090930

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: ES

Ref legal event code: FG2A

Ref document number: 2333299

Country of ref document: ES

Kind code of ref document: T3

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: PT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20100201

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: ES

Payment date: 20100122

Year of fee payment: 10

Ref country code: CH

Payment date: 20100125

Year of fee payment: 10

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: IE

Ref legal event code: FD4D

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CY

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20090930

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Payment date: 20100125

Year of fee payment: 10

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 20100209

Year of fee payment: 10

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 20100121

Year of fee payment: 10

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 20091210

Year of fee payment: 10

Ref country code: BE

Payment date: 20100125

Year of fee payment: 10

Ref country code: AT

Payment date: 20100120

Year of fee payment: 10

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20090930

Ref country code: DK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20090930

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: MC

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20100131

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Payment date: 20100121

Year of fee payment: 10

26N No opposition filed

Effective date: 20100701

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20091231

BERE Be: lapsed

Owner name: SMILE BETEILIGUNGS G.M.B.H.

Effective date: 20110131

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: NL

Ref legal event code: V1

Effective date: 20110801

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PL

GBPC Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 20110131

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: ST

Effective date: 20110930

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20110131

Ref country code: LI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20110131

Ref country code: CH

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20110131

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: AT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20110131

Ref country code: GB

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20110131

Ref country code: BE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20110131

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DE

Ref legal event code: R119

Ref document number: 50115148

Country of ref document: DE

Effective date: 20110802

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20110801

Ref country code: IT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20110131

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: ES

Ref legal event code: FD2A

Effective date: 20120220

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: ES

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20110201

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20100131

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: TR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRESCRIBED TIME-LIMIT

Effective date: 20090930

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20110802