Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
  • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
  • C10J3/02—Fixed-bed gasification of lump fuel
  • C10J3/20—Apparatus; Plants
  • C10J3/22—Arrangements or dispositions of valves or flues
  • C10J3/24—Arrangements or dispositions of valves or flues to permit flow of gases or vapours other than upwardly through the fuel bed
  • C10J3/26—Arrangements or dispositions of valves or flues to permit flow of gases or vapours other than upwardly through the fuel bed downwardly
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
  • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
  • C10J3/02—Fixed-bed gasification of lump fuel
  • C10J3/06—Continuous processes
  • C10J3/16—Continuous processes simultaneously reacting oxygen and water with the carbonaceous material
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
  • C10J2200/00—Details of gasification apparatus
  • C10J2200/15—Details of feeding means
  • C10J2200/152—Nozzles or lances for introducing gas, liquids or suspensions
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
  • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
  • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
  • C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
  • C10J2300/0946—Waste, e.g. MSW, tires, glass, tar sand, peat, paper, lignite, oil shale
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
  • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
  • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
  • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
  • C10J2300/0953—Gasifying agents
  • C10J2300/0959—Oxygen

Definitions

• the invention relates to a shaft melting gasifier and a method for the thermal treatment and recycling of waste of various types,
• Charging via gout i.e. The usual supply of material into the furnace shaft from the top when casting cast iron or pig iron is normally excluded for organic waste. The waste materials are then subjected to normal pyrolysis and enrich the blast furnace gas with pyrolysis products.
• the OxiCup developed by the company Küttner in Essen is a hot wind cupola furnace with increased use of oxygen, which processes organic materials.
• the environmental compatibility of the process is ensured by a special exhaust gas purification technology, as in Michael Lemperle, "The application of cupola furnaces in foundnes and steel plants",
• This arrangement and design of the individual furnace sections is intended to ensure an undisturbed process flow in the material and / or energy recovery of different feed materials with different consistency and different softening intervals, in which, on the one hand, the gas velocities in the area of the two
• DE 40 30 554 AI discloses a method and an apparatus for the thermal treatment of waste materials in a reaction container.
• the reaction container should be able to remove all dusty, lumpy, solid, pasty, pasty and / or liquid waste materials by burning, gasification and melting in an environmentally neutral manner.
• the procedure should also depend on
• reaction container Material and the reaction process up to 10 bar pressure can work effectively.
• process stages of thermal waste treatment such as a pyrolysis device or sludge drying are assigned to the reaction container. It is fundamental to the process that in the aggregate divided into the upper and lower furnace, at least one combustion and
• the object of the present invention is therefore to provide a shaft-melting gasifier under normal pressure which can be implemented with little expenditure on plant and safety technology and a method for carrying out a thermal treatment and recycling of waste of different types, consistency and composition, which is not the
• the raw gas produced is independent of the amount and composition of waste material free of organic pollutants, without organic pyrolysis oils and / or tar compounds.
• the object is further developed by the method mentioned at the outset by the features of independent claim 1 and the shaft-melting gasifier by the features of claim 7.
• An object of the present invention is accordingly a shaft melting carburetor which is characterized in that a shaft part forming the hearth with tapping devices and immediately afterwards several differently shaped cylindrical shaft parts are arranged on a base plate, the conical shaft part protruding into the shaft-expanding shaft part and thus forms a bulk-free room with suction devices.
• Several injectors distributed over the circumference are arranged in the shaft part above the hearth.
• the suction devices (10) are designed as quenches, steam boilers, spray absorbers or hot filters.
• the conical shaft part (7) is double-walled for heating. This heating can optionally be carried out with a hot wind or other heat carriers such as done with thermal oil.
• the base plate (1) and the shaft parts (2; 6) are supplied with a refractory material (15) inside the furnace.
• Another object of the present invention is a method for the thermal treatment and recycling of waste materials of different types
• Consistency and composition such as B. contaminated waste wood. Waste tires, industrial / commercial waste materials, domestic and bulky waste as well as substitute fuels generated from these waste materials in the shaft melting gasifier according to the invention, in which
• waste materials and aggregates are introduced directly to the high-temperature zone (H) after burning the manhole melting gasifier via the manhole parts (8; 7)).
• thermochemical conversion reactions are passed as a part of the raw gas with the sinking, not completely burned organic constituents of the waste material through suction devices (10) in a direct current towards the hearth (2) and are subject to pyrolytic decomposition,
• the pyrolysis coke which forms during the settling time in the reduction / cracking zone (Z) is burned with oxygen to form further gaseous reaction products as raw gas, slag and metal collecting in the hearth (2) and all of the raw gas is simultaneously extracted in countercurrent, cocurrent and transversely to the directions of flow of the furnace gases between the high-temperature zone (H) and the reduction / cracking zone (Z).
• the resulting raw gas consists of the gaseous reaction products CO, C0 2 , H 2 , H 2 O and, depending on the analysis of the waste materials used, from trace components, such as CS 2 , COS, SO 2 , NOx, H 2 S and HC1 ,
• Combustion air introduced instead of oxygen, or combustion air and oxygen in a mixture.
• the gas which is produced in the reduction / cracking zone (Z) is sucked out of the bed at a temperature of at least 800 ° C. with simultaneous shock cooling and passed into a gas industry for further treatment.
• FIG. 1 The schematic representation shows a coke-heated shaft melting
• Carburetor It is shown that a shaft part 2 with tapping devices 3 for slag and iron forming the hearth is placed on a base plate 1, immediately afterwards several cylindrical shaft parts 4 of different designs; 5; 6; 7 and 8 are arranged, the conical shaft part 6 protruding into the shaft-expanding shaft part 4 and thus forming a bed-free space 11 with suction devices 10 located therein, in the shaft part 4 above the hearth 2 and in the shaft part 6 above the chess part 4, several each around the circumference distributed injectors 9; 14 are arranged.
• Consistency and composition are those from the group of contaminated waste wood, waste tires, industrial / commercial waste, household and bulky waste or similar.
• the base plate 1 and the shaft parts 2; 6 are supplied with a refractory material 15, a level indicator 16 is arranged on the conical shaft part 8, the piece of the shaft part 6 protruding into the bulk-free space 11 has a water cooling 12 and the conical shaft part 7 is double-walled for heating with hot wind or other heat carriers such as thermal oil is.
• the adjacent edge of the bed in this shaft area can be heated to temperatures of up to 300 °, as a result of which the condensation point of the pyrolysis oils and tar products shifts into the core of the bed.
• the shaft melting carburetor dimensioned for a throughput of approx. 1 t / h, is filled with metal parts, railway sleepers and chipboard with filling coke up to approx. 500 mm above the injectors 14 before the start of the process.
• the burning is carried out with natural pull and, if necessary, with the aid of oxygen by means of the injectors 9; 14.
• Burning this means that the filler coke is burnt out and incandescent, the feed is placed, which consists of the additions of 0.04 t / h coke and 0.04 t / h lime as well as 1 t / h waste wood with metal parts, railway sleepers and chipboard , by means of the exposure device 18 via the shaft parts 8: 7 directly to the high-temperature zone H.
• the shaft-melting carburetor is up to
• Level indicator 16 filled and the injectors 9; 14 and the quenches, steam boilers or spray absorbers 10 used as suction devices are put into operation.
• High temperature zone H the organic components contained in the waste materials react with the injected oxygen.
• the mineral and metallic components of the waste materials melt and flow or drip downwards.
• the hot gaseous reaction products formed by thermochemical conversion reactions with the sinking, incompletely or not completely burned organic constituents of the waste material are passed through the quench or spray absorber 10 in cocurrent towards the hearth 2 and are subject to pyrolytic decomposition.
• the pyrolysis coke which forms in the reduction / cracking zone Z during the settling time is burned by the oxygen introduced by the injectors 9, with slag and metal collecting in the hearth 2.
• the oxygen introduced by the injectors 9 is important Consider the prerequisite for the entire process of melt gasification With the combustion of the pyrolysis coke, the energy requirement of the system can be ensured in such a way that the flowability of metal and slag is guaranteed with normal use of coke and the temperatures required for the pyrolysis and the reduction work in the pyrolysis coke bed are maintained become. This creates the prerequisites for complete thermal decomposition of both the introduced and the temperature-related, gaseous organic pollutants formed during the process.
• the raw gas consists of the gaseous gases formed in zones H and Z.
• the quenches or spray absorbers 10 convey approx. 1600 NmVh of raw gas, which contains 334 1 / h of water, which is condensed out. 1183 NmVh of fuel gas with a heating output of 2.99 MW and a heating value of 2.5 KWh / m 3 with about 20% H 2 , 54% CO, 9% CO 2 and approx 2 generated.
• This fuel gas can be used for example by a combined heat and power plant.
• approx. 230 m 3 / h of false air are sucked in from the filling through the bed, so that gas escapes from the
• Furnace shaft is safely prevented.
• Approximately 0.09 t / h of metallic and approx. 0.07 t / h of mineral components of the waste materials are drawn off from the shaft-melting gasifier by the tapping devices 3. All raw gaseous organics and gas components completely become CO, CO 2 , H 2 , H 2 O and, depending on the analysis of the waste materials used, trace components such as
• the resulting gas is extracted from the bed at temperatures of at least 800 ° C and sent to a gas industry for further processing.

Landscapes

• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
• Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
• Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
• Feeding, Discharge, Calcimining, Fusing, And Gas-Generation Devices (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Publications (2)

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ID=26004523

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (6)

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Family Cites Families (2)

• 2000
  • 2000-10-18 DE DE10051648A patent/DE10051648A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 2001
  • 2001-01-31 ES ES01921139T patent/ES2333299T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2001-01-31 AU AU2001248252A patent/AU2001248252A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2001-01-31 WO PCT/DE2001/000401 patent/WO2001062873A1/fr active Application Filing
  • 2001-01-31 EP EP01921139A patent/EP1583811B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2001-01-31 DE DE10190606T patent/DE10190606D2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2001-01-31 AT AT01921139T patent/ATE444349T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2001-01-31 DE DE50115148T patent/DE50115148D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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