EP1582278A1 - Forging die with locating means - Google Patents

Forging die with locating means Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP1582278A1
EP1582278A1 EP05102453A EP05102453A EP1582278A1 EP 1582278 A1 EP1582278 A1 EP 1582278A1 EP 05102453 A EP05102453 A EP 05102453A EP 05102453 A EP05102453 A EP 05102453A EP 1582278 A1 EP1582278 A1 EP 1582278A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
matrix
forging
pellets
notches
matrices
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP05102453A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1582278B1 (en
Inventor
Alain Lorieux
Jean-Jacques Levy
Daniel Gaston Lhomme
Claude Planazet
Pierre George
Camille Auguste Albert Cougnaud
Alain Paul Bourgeois
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Safran Aircraft Engines SAS
Original Assignee
SNECMA SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by SNECMA SAS filed Critical SNECMA SAS
Publication of EP1582278A1 publication Critical patent/EP1582278A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1582278B1 publication Critical patent/EP1582278B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J13/00—Details of machines for forging, pressing, or hammering
    • B21J13/02—Dies or mountings therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C51/00—Measuring, gauging, indicating, counting, or marking devices specially adapted for use in the production or manipulation of material in accordance with subclasses B21B - B21F
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C51/00—Measuring, gauging, indicating, counting, or marking devices specially adapted for use in the production or manipulation of material in accordance with subclasses B21B - B21F
    • B21C51/005—Marking devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
    • B21J9/00—Forging presses
    • B21J9/10—Drives for forging presses
    • B21J9/20—Control devices specially adapted to forging presses not restricted to one of the preceding subgroups
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
    • B21K3/00—Making engine or like machine parts not covered by sub-groups of B21K1/00; Making propellers or the like
    • B21K3/04—Making engine or like machine parts not covered by sub-groups of B21K1/00; Making propellers or the like blades, e.g. for turbines; Upsetting of blade roots
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
    • B21K31/00—Control devices specially adapted for positioning tool carriers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
    • B21K5/00—Making tools or tool parts, e.g. pliers
    • B21K5/20—Making working faces of dies, either recessed or outstanding

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of forging parts in particular of complex and left-hand parts, such as that turbine blades of large size.
  • Forging consists of plastically deforming a metal bar under the effect of shocks or by the application of pressure. We proceed generally in stages, forming successive drafts gradually move closer to the finished piece. If necessary, we complete the forging the workpiece by a calibration phase leading to forms more precise.
  • Milling operations are usually performed on mechanical presses whose dies are preheated.
  • the forging time is relatively short to avoid a too fast cooling of the room and overheating of the room matrix by thermal conduction between the room and itself in the the temperature of the tooling is different from that of the workpiece.
  • a lubricant is deposited on the etching of the die to facilitate the flow of the material and to reduce the efforts of forging.
  • the present invention relates in the first place to the development of tools such as the dies presented above.
  • the imprint of the matrix is not rigorously shaped and the dimensions of the forge blank to obtain. She departs from it by "corrective terms" that compensate for elasto-plastic deformations tools during the forging. We do not know exactly what to expect terms, and it is therefore necessary to retouch the matrix following the measurements made on the test pieces obtained.
  • the thicknesses are small, for example 0.8 mm, so that the finished part can be obtained by polishing the abrasive belt of the piece or, where appropriate in particular when made of titanium, by the combination of chemical milling and abrasive belt polishing. This is the case for example of the pale blades.
  • this matrix When the matrix is in focus, that is when the parts raw forge tests obtained have the shape and dimensions sought, this matrix can be put into operation to manufacture series parts.
  • the matrix is progressively degraded into exploitation, and becomes necessary, for example after 1000 to 5000 pieces as appropriate, restore the matrix or use another one.
  • the restoration of a degraded matrix consists, according to a first method, to reload areas where material has been torn off and to be machined and polish a new footprint, that is to say to rewash by electroerosion the matrix.
  • a second method we reconstitute entirely by machining the impression after removing the nitride layer (hardened by superficial thermal or thermo-mechanical treatments) and removed a thickness of a few mm of material. This technique is referred to as restoring term.
  • the restoration of a matrix or the manufacture of a new matrix require the same focus as the matrix initial. They are therefore also long and expensive.
  • the object of the invention is to improve the control of the alignment of the dies in order to optimize the development time for forging large series of parts.
  • the forging die comprising on one face, a half-cavity of a forging piece such as a turbomachine blade, is characterized in that it comprises on said face means forming a reference mark in two directions relative to which the position of said cavity is defined, said means consisting of two pellets projecting from said face and each having two notches defining said two directions.
  • the two notches are arranged in a cross.
  • the notches are arranged so as to be parallel in pairs. In particular both notches are aligned.
  • the invention also relates to a control method, after machining of the impressions, the alignment of two half-matrices.
  • the position of the two lateral faces of the matrix is determined by reference to the said means forming a reference mark and, where appropriate, rectifies one or the other side faces of one of the dies.
  • determines said positions by probing on a measuring machine three-dimensional (MMT).
  • MMT measuring machine three-dimensional
  • the invention also relates to the use of said means forming benchmark on the matrices to control the alignment of the matrix blocks at mounting in the forging press.
  • said means forming benchmark on the matrices to control the alignment of the matrix blocks at mounting in the forging press.
  • the invention also relates to the use of said means forming mark on the matrices to control the alignment of the matrix blocks (when of the forging operation in order to record relative movements of one matrix relative to the other).
  • said means forming mark on the matrices to control the alignment of the matrix blocks (when of the forging operation in order to record relative movements of one matrix relative to the other).
  • the blocks are mounted on the plates of the press.
  • the assembly is made by clamping the lateral faces of the blocks against abutment surfaces B1 and B2.
  • the positioning of the lateral faces 12 and 14 is regulated by means of so-called "sloping" wedges 31 and 32.
  • These wedges are in the form of dihedrons and are arranged so as to have two parallel faces and two faces inclined with respect to these last, in contact with each other. By shifting one shim relative to the other parallel to their parallel faces, one moves aside or brings them closer together.
  • the two shims are supported one against the lateral face 14 of the block the other against a stop 110 secured to the plate.
  • FIGS. 4A and 4B show the two pads after crushing, in position between the pads. The operator can easily verify that the notches 21T (or 23T) of the two upper and lower pads are not aligned in the example shown. By bringing the pad thus deformed into a measuring apparatus, it can accurately determine the correction to be made in the longitudinal position.

Abstract

The die has blocks including cavities for respective semi-blades. The blocks are fixed in lower and upper plates of a press. A peripheral zone is arranged for forming a land on the circumference of one of the cavities. Pellets (21, 23) are engraved with the cavity. The pellets project with respect to a main side (11) of the die, where each pellet has two mortises at right angles. An independent claim is also included for a method of controlling alignment of semi-dies after machining cavities.

Description

La présente invention concerne le domaine du forgeage de pièces métalliques et en particulier de pièces de forme complexe et gauche, telles que des aubes de turbomachines de grande dimension.The present invention relates to the field of forging parts in particular of complex and left-hand parts, such as that turbine blades of large size.

Pour la fabrication de pièces métalliques, on met en oeuvre préférentiellement des techniques de forgeage quand elles doivent absorber des efforts importants en service. C'est le cas pour des aubes de compresseur ou de soufflantes de turboréacteur pour lesquels les efforts internes sont engendrés notamment par les vibrations et les forces centrifuges auxquelles elles sont soumises.For the manufacture of metal parts, it implements preferentially forging techniques when they have to absorb significant efforts in service. This is the case for blades of compressor or turbojet blowers for which the efforts internals are generated in particular by vibrations and forces centrifugals to which they are subjected.

Le forgeage consiste à déformer plastiquement une barre de métal sous l'effet de chocs ou par l'application d'une pression. On procède généralement par étapes en formant des ébauches successives qui se rapprochent progressivement de la pièce finie. Le cas échéant, on achève le forgeage de la pièce par une phase de calibrage conduisant à des formes plus précises.Forging consists of plastically deforming a metal bar under the effect of shocks or by the application of pressure. We proceed generally in stages, forming successive drafts gradually move closer to the finished piece. If necessary, we complete the forging the workpiece by a calibration phase leading to forms more precise.

Plus précisément on forge la pièce en obligeant une ébauche de celle-ci à remplir par choc ou par pression, une empreinte gravée dans une matrice correspondant à la forme de la pièce à obtenir. Dans le cas du titane, sa contrainte d'écoulement dépendant fortement de la température, le forgeage s'effectue à chaud jusqu'à une certaine limite imposée par l'évolution structurale du matériau qui en altère les propriétés mécaniques.More precisely one forge the piece by obliging a draft of this one to be filled by shock or pressure, a stamp engraved in a matrix corresponding to the shape of the part to be obtained. In the case of titanium, its flow stress strongly dependent on the temperature, forging is carried out hot up to a certain limit imposed by the structural evolution of the material which alters its mechanical properties.

Les opérations de matriçage sont généralement effectuées sur des presses mécaniques dont les matrices sont préchauffées. Dans ces conditions, le temps de forgeage est relativement court pour éviter un refroidissement trop rapide de la pièce et un échauffement trop élevé de la matrice par conduction thermique entre la pièce et elle-même dans la mesure où la température de l'outillage est différente de celle de la pièce. Par ailleurs, en raison du niveau élevé des contraintes qu'elle subit par le contact avec la pièce, on dépose un lubrifiant sur la gravure de la matrice pour faciliter l'écoulement de la matière et pour réduire les efforts de forgeage.Milling operations are usually performed on mechanical presses whose dies are preheated. In these conditions, the forging time is relatively short to avoid a too fast cooling of the room and overheating of the room matrix by thermal conduction between the room and itself in the the temperature of the tooling is different from that of the workpiece. Moreover, because of the high level of the constraints that it undergoes contact with the workpiece, a lubricant is deposited on the etching of the die to facilitate the flow of the material and to reduce the efforts of forging.

La présente invention concerne en premier lieu, la mise au point des outillages tels que les matrices présentées ci-dessus. The present invention relates in the first place to the development of tools such as the dies presented above.

Le temps de réalisation de l'outillage, selon la méthode habituelle, est assez long car on doit procéder par retouches successives.The time of realization of the tooling, according to the usual method, is quite long because we must proceed by successive retouching.

En effet, l'empreinte de la matrice n'a pas rigoureusement la forme et les dimensions de la pièce brute de forge à obtenir. Elle s'en écarte par des « termes correctifs » qui compensent les déformations élasto-plastiques des outillages durant le forgeage. On ne sait pas exactement prévoir ces termes correctifs, et il est donc nécessaire de retoucher la matrice suite aux mesures effectuées sur les pièces d'essais obtenues. En forgeage dit « de précision », les surépaisseurs sont faibles, par exemple 0,8 mm, afin que la pièce finie puisse être obtenue par un polissage à la bande abrasive de la pièce brute ou, le cas échéant notamment lorsqu'elle est en titane, par la combinaison d'un usinage chimique et d'un polissage par bande abrasive. C'est le cas par exemple de la pâle des aubes.Indeed, the imprint of the matrix is not rigorously shaped and the dimensions of the forge blank to obtain. She departs from it by "corrective terms" that compensate for elasto-plastic deformations tools during the forging. We do not know exactly what to expect terms, and it is therefore necessary to retouch the matrix following the measurements made on the test pieces obtained. In forging said precision, the thicknesses are small, for example 0.8 mm, so that the finished part can be obtained by polishing the abrasive belt of the piece or, where appropriate in particular when made of titanium, by the combination of chemical milling and abrasive belt polishing. This is the case for example of the pale blades.

La mise au point d'une matrice de forge de précision est par conséquent longue et coûteuse, car elle nécessite de nombreuses retouches séparées par des essais de forgeage de pièces.The development of a matrix of precision forging is by therefore, time consuming and expensive, as it requires a lot of retouching separated by forging tests of parts.

Lorsque la matrice est mise au point, c'est-à-dire lorsque les pièces d'essais brutes de forge obtenues ont la forme et les dimensions recherchées, cette matrice peut être mise en exploitation pour fabriquer des pièces de série. La matrice se dégrade progressivement en exploitation, et il devient nécessaire, par exemple au bout de 1000 à 5000 pièces selon le cas, de restaurer la matrice ou d'en utiliser une autre.When the matrix is in focus, that is when the parts raw forge tests obtained have the shape and dimensions sought, this matrix can be put into operation to manufacture series parts. The matrix is progressively degraded into exploitation, and becomes necessary, for example after 1000 to 5000 pieces as appropriate, restore the matrix or use another one.

La restauration d'une matrice dégradée consiste, selon une première méthode, à recharger les zones où de la matière a été arrachée et à usiner et polir une nouvelle empreinte, c'est-à-dire à relaver par électroérosion la matrice. Selon une seconde méthode, on reconstitue entièrement par usinage l'empreinte après avoir éliminé la couche nitrurée (durcie par des traitements thermiques ou thermo -mécaniques superficiels) et enlevé une épaisseur de quelques mm de matière. On désigne cette technique par le terme de relavage. La restauration d'une matrice ou la fabrication d'une nouvelle matrice nécessitent les mêmes mises au point que la matrice initiale. Elles sont donc également longues et coûteuses. The restoration of a degraded matrix consists, according to a first method, to reload areas where material has been torn off and to be machined and polish a new footprint, that is to say to rewash by electroerosion the matrix. According to a second method, we reconstitute entirely by machining the impression after removing the nitride layer (hardened by superficial thermal or thermo-mechanical treatments) and removed a thickness of a few mm of material. This technique is referred to as restoring term. The restoration of a matrix or the manufacture of a new matrix require the same focus as the matrix initial. They are therefore also long and expensive.

L'invention a pour objectif un moyen permettant d'améliorer le contrôle de l'alignement des matrices afin d'optimiser le temps de mise au point pour forgeage de grandes séries de pièces.
Conformément à l'invention, la matrice de forgeage comportant sur une face, une demi-empreinte de pièce à forger telle qu'une aube de turbomachine, est caractérisée par le fait qu'elle comporte sur ladite face un moyen formant repère selon deux directions par rapport auxquelles la position de ladite empreinte est définie, ledit moyen étant constitué de deux pastilles faisant saillie par rapport à ladite face et comportant chacune deux entailles définissant lesdites deux directions.The object of the invention is to improve the control of the alignment of the dies in order to optimize the development time for forging large series of parts.
According to the invention, the forging die comprising on one face, a half-cavity of a forging piece such as a turbomachine blade, is characterized in that it comprises on said face means forming a reference mark in two directions relative to which the position of said cavity is defined, said means consisting of two pellets projecting from said face and each having two notches defining said two directions.

De préférence les deux entailles sont disposées en croix.Preferably the two notches are arranged in a cross.

Conformément à une autre caractéristique, les entailles sont disposées de manière à être parallèles deux à deux. En particulier les deux entailles sont alignées.According to another characteristic, the notches are arranged so as to be parallel in pairs. In particular both notches are aligned.

L'invention porte également sur un procédé de contrôle, après usinage des empreintes, de l'alignement de deux demi-matrices. Selon ce procédé, on détermine la position des deux faces latérales de la matrice par rapport au dit moyen formant repère et le cas échéant on rectifie l'une ou l'autre des faces latérales de l'une des matrices. En particulier, on détermine lesdites positions par palpage sur une machine à mesurer tridimensionnelle (MMT).The invention also relates to a control method, after machining of the impressions, the alignment of two half-matrices. According to this method, the position of the two lateral faces of the matrix is determined by reference to the said means forming a reference mark and, where appropriate, rectifies one or the other side faces of one of the dies. In particular, determines said positions by probing on a measuring machine three-dimensional (MMT).

L'invention porte aussi sur l'utilisation des dits moyens formant repère sur les matrices pour contrôler l'alignement des blocs matrices au montage dans la presse de forgeage. Selon une utilisation préférée, on dispose un plot en matière malléable sur chacune des pastilles, on écrase les plots entre les pastilles des deux matrices et on vérifie les marques faites par les entailles sur les plots.The invention also relates to the use of said means forming benchmark on the matrices to control the alignment of the matrix blocks at mounting in the forging press. According to a preferred use, has a plot of malleable material on each of the pellets, we crush the plots between the pellets of the two matrices and the marks made by the cuts on the studs.

L'invention porte aussi sur l'utilisation des dits moyens formant repère sur les matrices pour contrôler l'alignement des blocs matrices (lors de l'opération de forgeage dans le but d'enregistrer les mouvements relatifs d'une matrice par rapport à l'autre). Selon une utilisation préférée, on dispose un plot en matière malléable sur chacune des pastilles, on écrase les plots entre les pastilles des deux matrices et on vérifie les marques faites par les entailles sur les plots. The invention also relates to the use of said means forming mark on the matrices to control the alignment of the matrix blocks (when of the forging operation in order to record relative movements of one matrix relative to the other). According to a preferred use, has a plot of malleable material on each of the pellets, we crush the plots between the pellets of the two matrices and the marks made by the cuts on the studs.

On décrit ci-après l'invention plus en détail en référence aux dessins annexés sur lesquels,

  • la figure 1 représente un bloc matrice vu de dessus avec ces moyens formant repères,
  • la figure 2 montre le détail d'une pastille formant repère,
  • la figure 3 montre le montage d'un bloc matrice sur le plateau d'une presse,
  • les figures 4A et 4B montrent les plots de contrôle entre les pastilles après écrasement.
    • On a représenté sur la figure un bloc matrice 10 de forgeage d'une aube de compresseur ou de soufflante d'un turboréacteur. La matrice est en forme de bloc à section rectangulaire dont la face principale 11 comprend ici l'empreinte E d'une demi aube. Cette face principale 11 est bordée par quatre faces latérales 12, 13, 14, 15. La forme de l'empreinte est définie par des moyens de calcul appropriés et est réalisée par usinage ou électroérosion ou tout autre moyen connu de l'homme de l'art. Elle est réalisée par exemple, soit sur un centre d'usinage à commande numérique, soit sur une machine à électroérosion (EDM). Sur le pourtour de l'empreinte une zone périphérique Ep est généralement ménagée pour la formation d'un cordon de bavure comme cela est connu dans le domaine. Le mode de réalisation de l'empreinte ne fait pas partie de l'invention. La gravure comprend un axe principal XX et au moins un point de référence P constituant l'origine d'usinage de l'empreinte. La géométrie de l'empreinte est ainsi définie par rapport à ces deux références longitudinale et transversale. Les faces latérales longitudinales 12 et 14 sont parallèles à l'axe XX. Les faces transversales 13 et 15 lui sont perpendiculaires.
    La matrice complète de forgeage de la pièce comprend un deuxième bloc avec l'empreinte d'une demi-aube de forme complémentaire à la précédente. Pour le forgeage de la pièce, on place et on fixe les deux blocs dans les plateaux d'une presse. Un plateau inférieur et un plateau supérieur. On dispose l'ébauche de la pièce à forger dans le bloc matrice inférieur et on actionne la presse. En se rapprochant les deux blocs déforment l'ébauche jusqu'à obtenir la pièce à la forme définie par les empreintes, avec une bavure complète sur son pourtour.
    La qualité du forgeage dépend en partie du bon positionnement des deux empreintes l'une par rapport à l'autre au moment de la frappe. Celui-ci dépend à la fois du bon positionnement des empreintes dans leur bloc matrice respectif et du bon positionnement des deux blocs l'un par rapport à l'autre.
    Le dispositif de l'invention permet de façon simple et efficace de parvenir à ce résultat.
    Conformément à l'invention, on réalise par gravure, avec l'empreinte E, deux pastilles 21 et 23. Ces deux pastilles sont en saillie par rapport à la face supérieure 11 du bloc. Les deux pastilles sont en forme ici de disque mais elles peuvent avoir une autre forme. On a représenté sur la figure 2 une vue agrandie de la pastille 21, en perspective. Chaque pastille comprend deux entailles à angle droit 21L, 21T, et 23L, 23T respectivement.
    Les deux entailles longitudinales 21L et 23L sont réalisées parallèlement à l'axe XX de l'empreinte, à une distance prédéterminée. Ici les deux entailles sont à une même distance de l'axe XX. Elles sont donc alignées. Les entailles transverses 21T et 23T sont perpendiculaires aux précédentes et chacune à une distance prédéterminée du point P de référence. Les positions de l'empreinte et des entailles sont ainsi parfaitement définies dans l'espace les unes par rapport aux autres.
    Ces moyens 21 et 23 permettent d'effectuer,
       d'une part la vérification de la position de l'empreinte sur le bloc matrice et.
       d'autre part la vérification visuelle du bon alignement des blocs matrices lors des opérations de forgeage.
    Pour la première vérification, une fois la matrice usinée, on mesure par palpage par exemple sur une machine à mesurer tridimensionnelle MMT, la position des pastilles 21 et 23 par rapport aux faces latérales, 12, 14 et 13, 15. On vérifie ainsi, pour chacun des deux blocs matrices,
       d'une part que les faces 12 et 14 sont bien parallèles à la direction des entailles 21L et 23L et à bonne distance de celles ci,
       d'autre part que les faces 13 et 15 sont bien parallèles à la direction des entailles 21T et 23T et à bonne distance de celles-ci. The invention is described below in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
  • FIG. 1 represents a matrix block seen from above with these marking means,
  • FIG. 2 shows the detail of a marking pellet,
  • FIG. 3 shows the assembly of a matrix block on the plate of a press,
  • Figures 4A and 4B show the control pads between the pellets after crushing.
    • FIG. 10 shows a matrix block for forging a compressor or blower blade of a turbojet engine. The matrix is in the form of a block with a rectangular section whose main face 11 here comprises the cavity E of a half blade. This main face 11 is bordered by four lateral faces 12, 13, 14, 15. The shape of the cavity is defined by appropriate calculation means and is produced by machining or electroerosion or any other means known to the person skilled in the art. 'art. It is performed for example, either on a numerically controlled machining center, or on a spark erosion machine (EDM). On the periphery of the imprint a peripheral zone Ep is generally provided for the formation of a burr cord as is known in the art. The embodiment of the imprint is not part of the invention. The etching comprises a main axis XX and at least one reference point P constituting the machining origin of the imprint. The geometry of the impression is thus defined with respect to these two longitudinal and transverse references. The longitudinal side faces 12 and 14 are parallel to the axis XX. The transverse faces 13 and 15 are perpendicular thereto.
    The complete forging matrix of the part comprises a second block with the imprint of a half-blade of complementary shape to the previous one. For forging the workpiece, place and fix the two blocks in the trays of a press. A lower tray and an upper tray. The blank of the piece to be forged is placed in the lower die block and the press is actuated. As you approach, the two blocks deform the blank until you obtain the part with the shape defined by the imprints, with a complete burr on its periphery.
    The quality of the forging depends in part on the good positioning of the two impressions relative to each other at the time of the striking. This depends both on the good positioning of the imprints in their respective matrix block and the good positioning of the two blocks relative to each other.
    The device of the invention allows a simple and effective way to achieve this result.
    According to the invention, two pellets 21 and 23 are produced by etching, with the cavity E, these pellets protruding from the upper face 11 of the block. The two pellets are in form here of disc but they can have another form. There is shown in Figure 2 an enlarged view of the pellet 21, in perspective. Each pellet comprises two notches at right angles 21L, 21T, and 23L, 23T respectively.
    The two longitudinal notches 21L and 23L are made parallel to the axis XX of the cavity, at a predetermined distance. Here the two notches are at the same distance from the axis XX. They are aligned. The transverse notches 21T and 23T are perpendicular to the preceding and each at a predetermined distance from the reference point P. The positions of the impression and the notches are thus perfectly defined in space with respect to each other.
    These means 21 and 23 make it possible to perform
    on the one hand checking the position of the imprint on the matrix block and.
    on the other hand, the visual verification of the correct alignment of the matrix blocks during the forging operations.
    For the first verification, once the machined matrix is measured by probing, for example on a three-dimensional measuring machine MMT, the position of the pellets 21 and 23 with respect to the lateral faces 12, 14 and 13, 15. for each of the two matrix blocks,
    on the one hand that the faces 12 and 14 are well parallel to the direction of the notches 21L and 23L and at a good distance from them,
    on the other hand that the faces 13 and 15 are well parallel to the direction of the notches 21T and 23T and at a good distance therefrom.

    Si un écart est constaté par rapport à la cote théorique sur l'une des deux matrices, on procède à une rectification sur une ou des faces latérales de l'une des matrices de manière à rendre lesdites distances identiques sur les deux blocs matrices.If a deviation is found from the theoretical rating on one of the two dies, we proceed to a correction on one or side faces of one of the matrices so as to make said distances identical on the two matrix blocks.

    Si un écart est constaté par rapport à la cote théorique sur chaque matrice, on procède à une rectification sur la matrice dont le défaut est le plus faible.If a deviation is found from the theoretical rating on each matrix, we proceed to a correction on the matrix whose defect is the weaker.

    De cette façon on obtient des matrices dont les empreintes sont alignées sans défaut. L'emploi de telles pastilles permet un contrôle rapide avec une grande précision de mesure.In this way we obtain matrices whose imprints are aligned without defects. The use of such pellets allows rapid control with high measurement accuracy.

    Une fois réalisés, les blocs sont montés sur les plateaux de la presse. Le montage se fait par serrage des faces latérales des blocs contre des surfaces de butée B1 et B2. On a représenté schématiquement une vue de dessus d'un plateau 100 de presse. Par exemple le positionnement des faces latérales 12 et 14 est réglé par le moyen de cales dites « pentées » 31 et 32. Ces cales sont en forme de dièdres et sont disposées de manière à avoir deux faces parallèles et deux faces inclinées par rapport à ces dernières, en contact l'une contre l'autre. En déplaçant une cale par rapport à l'autre parallèlement à leur faces parallèles, on écarte ou rapproche ces dernières. Les deux cales sont en appui l'une contre la face latérale 14 du bloc l'autre contre une butée 110 solidaire du plateau. L'autre face latérale 12 du bloc vient en appui contre une butée 120 solidaire du plateau. Ce système à cales « pentées » permet donc de déplacer le bloc perpendiculairement aux faces 12 et 14 ; un réglage en position sur le plateau est ainsi possible dans une direction transversale. Des feuillards sont le cas échéant disposés entre la cale 120 et la face latérale 12.
    Pour le réglage de la position dans le sens longitudinal, on dispose d'une vis qui s'appuie sur la face 13 et qui repousse le bloc contre une butée 130 solidaire du plateau. On peut ainsi régler aussi la position du bloc matrice dans la direction longitudinale. Un feuillard peut être placé si nécessaire, entre la face latérale 15 et la butée 150.
    Pour contrôler la position respective des deux matrices, on procède de la façon suivante.
    On dépose un plot PB en « plomb » ou autre matière malléable sur chacune des deux pastilles de la matrice inférieure et on fait descendre la matrice supérieure jusqu'à écrasement des deux plots.
    On a représenté sur les figures 4A et 4B les deux plots après écrasement, en position entre les pastilles.
    L'opérateur peut aisément vérifier que les entailles 21T (ou 23T) des deux pastilles supérieure et inférieure ne sont pas alignées dans l'exemple représenté. En rapportant le plot ainsi déformé dans un appareil de mesure, il peut déterminer avec précision la rectification à apporter dans la position longitudinale.
    De même il vérifie en observant les entailles 23L (ou 21L) que les deux blocs ne sont pas correctement positionnés transversalement
    On dispose ainsi de moyens de repérage précis et simples à mettre en oeuvre à partir desquels on peut apporter, le cas échéant, les corrections nécessaires à un bon positionnement des empreintes l'une par rapport à l'autre.
    Ces moyens permettent de vérifier aussi les effets de rotation des matrices sous la contrainte de forgeage lors de la première utilisation des matrices, en procédant au contrôle avec les plots en même temps que l'on procède à la frappe d'une pièce.
    On procède à ce contrôle après chaque usinage ou ré-usinage de gravure, et pour chaque début de campagne de forgeage.
    Les plots permettent enfin de contrôler l'écartement entre les matrices inférieure et supérieure après la frappe par rapport à l'épaisseur du cordon de bavure que l'on souhaite.    Once made, the blocks are mounted on the plates of the press. The assembly is made by clamping the lateral faces of the blocks against abutment surfaces B1 and B2. Diagrammatically a top view of a plate 100 press. For example, the positioning of the lateral faces 12 and 14 is regulated by means of so-called "sloping" wedges 31 and 32. These wedges are in the form of dihedrons and are arranged so as to have two parallel faces and two faces inclined with respect to these last, in contact with each other. By shifting one shim relative to the other parallel to their parallel faces, one moves aside or brings them closer together. The two shims are supported one against the lateral face 14 of the block the other against a stop 110 secured to the plate. The other side face 12 of the block bears against an abutment 120 secured to the plate. This "sloped" wedge system thus makes it possible to move the block perpendicular to the faces 12 and 14; a position adjustment on the plate is thus possible in a transverse direction. Strips are optionally disposed between the shim 120 and the lateral face 12.
    For the adjustment of the position in the longitudinal direction, there is a screw which bears on the face 13 and which pushes the block against a stop 130 secured to the plate. It is also possible to adjust the position of the matrix block in the longitudinal direction. A strip may be placed, if necessary, between the lateral face 15 and the abutment 150.
    To control the respective position of the two matrices, proceed as follows.
    A "lead" pad PB or other malleable material is deposited on each of the two pellets of the lower die and the upper die is lowered until the two studs are crushed.
    FIGS. 4A and 4B show the two pads after crushing, in position between the pads.
    The operator can easily verify that the notches 21T (or 23T) of the two upper and lower pads are not aligned in the example shown. By bringing the pad thus deformed into a measuring apparatus, it can accurately determine the correction to be made in the longitudinal position.
    Similarly it checks by observing the notches 23L (or 21L) that the two blocks are not correctly positioned transversely
    In this way, precise and easy-to-use marking means are available, from which, if necessary, corrections can be made which are necessary for correct positioning of the impressions relative to one another.
    These means also make it possible to check the rotation effects of the dies under the forging constraint during the first use of the dies, by checking with the studs at the same time that a coin is struck.
    This check is carried out after each machining or re-machining of etching, and for each start of the forging campaign.
    The pads finally allow to control the spacing between the lower and upper matrices after the striking with respect to the thickness of the burr that is desired.

    Claims (7)

    Matrice de forgeage comportant sur une face, une demi-empreinte de pièce à forger telle qu'une aube de turbomachine, caractérisée par le fait qu'elle comporte sur ladite face un moyen formant repère selon deux directions par rapport auxquelles la position de ladite empreinte est définie, ledit moyen étant constitué de deux pastilles faisant saillie par rapport à ladite face et comportant chacune deux entailles définissant lesdites deux directions.Forging die comprising, on one face, a half-cavity of a forging part such as a turbomachine blade, characterized in that it comprises on said face a means forming a mark in two directions with respect to which the position of said imprint is defined, said means consisting of two pellets protruding from said face and each having two notches defining said two directions. Matrice selon la revendication 1 dont les entailles sont disposées de manière à être parallèle deux à deux.Matrix according to claim 1, the notches of which are arranged way to be parallel two by two. Matrice selon la revendication 2 dont les deux entailles sont alignées.Matrix according to claim 2, the two notches are aligned. Procédé de contrôle après usinage des empreintes de l'alignement de deux demi-matrices selon lequel on détermine la position des deux faces latérales de la matrice par rapport au moyen formant repère selon l'une des revendications précédentes et le cas échéant on rectifie l'une ou l'autre des faces latérales de l'une des matrices.Control method after machining the fingerprints of the alignment of two half-matrices according to which the position of the two lateral faces of the matrix with respect to the reference means according to one of the preceding claims and where appropriate rectifies one or the other of the lateral faces of one of the matrices. Procédé selon la revendication précédente selon lequel on détermine lesdites positions par palpage sur une machine à mesurer tridimensionnelle (MMT).Method according to the preceding claim, according to which said positions by probing on a measuring machine three-dimensional (MMT). Utilisation des moyens formant repère sur les matrices selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3 pour contrôler l'alignement des blocs matrices au montage dans la presse de forgeage.Use of the means forming a marker on the dies according to one Claims 1 to 3 for controlling the alignment of the blocks dies for mounting in the forging press. Utilisation selon la revendication précédente d'une matrice selon la revendication 1 à 3 selon laquelle on dispose un plot en matière malléable sur chacune des pastilles, on écrase les plots entre les pastilles des deux matrices et on vérifie les marques faites par les entailles sur les plots.Use according to the preceding claim of a matrix according to claim 1 to 3 according to which a material stud is malleable on each of the pellets, we crush the pads between the pastilles of the two matrices and check the marks made by the nicks on the studs.
    EP05102453A 2004-03-29 2005-03-29 Forging die with locating means Active EP1582278B1 (en)

    Applications Claiming Priority (2)

    Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
    FR0403230 2004-03-29
    FR0403230A FR2867992B1 (en) 2004-03-29 2004-03-29 FORGING MATRIX WITH MEANS OF REPERAGE

    Publications (2)

    Publication Number Publication Date
    EP1582278A1 true EP1582278A1 (en) 2005-10-05
    EP1582278B1 EP1582278B1 (en) 2007-01-17

    Family

    ID=34878459

    Family Applications (1)

    Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
    EP05102453A Active EP1582278B1 (en) 2004-03-29 2005-03-29 Forging die with locating means

    Country Status (7)

    Country Link
    US (1) US7370506B2 (en)
    EP (1) EP1582278B1 (en)
    CN (1) CN100548530C (en)
    DE (1) DE602005000451T2 (en)
    ES (1) ES2281053T3 (en)
    FR (1) FR2867992B1 (en)
    RU (1) RU2378080C2 (en)

    Cited By (2)

    * Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
    Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
    WO2020260805A1 (en) * 2019-06-28 2020-12-30 Safran Aircraft Engines Core for high-temperature shaping of a metal part and manufacturing, regeneration and shaping process
    US11970955B2 (en) 2019-06-28 2024-04-30 Safran Aircraft Engines Core for high-temperature shaping of a metal part and manufacturing, regeneration and shaping process

    Families Citing this family (12)

    * Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
    Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
    GB0915949D0 (en) * 2009-09-11 2009-10-28 Rolls Royce Plc A die former
    CN101811169B (en) * 2010-04-09 2012-03-21 无锡透平叶片有限公司 Subtype self-locking structure of blade mould and subtype design method
    CN103009018B (en) * 2011-09-20 2015-10-28 沈阳黎明航空发动机(集团)有限责任公司 A kind of Ultra-fine Grained, high-strength alloy blade forging manufacture method
    CN102974736A (en) * 2012-11-30 2013-03-20 无锡透平叶片有限公司 Positioning structure for turbine blade blank
    CN102974735B (en) * 2012-12-06 2015-03-25 无锡透平叶片有限公司 Positioning adjustment structure of large-sized forging die
    FR3014150B1 (en) * 2013-11-29 2018-03-02 Safran Aircraft Engines BLOWER, ESPECIALLY FOR A TURBOMACHINE
    CN103691866B (en) * 2013-12-15 2015-10-14 无锡透平叶片有限公司 A kind of method improving blade blank position stability on mould
    CN103673950A (en) * 2013-12-15 2014-03-26 无锡透平叶片有限公司 Method for quickly detecting offset amount of blade forging die
    CN104493040A (en) * 2014-12-23 2015-04-08 无锡透平叶片有限公司 Die base guide structure for blade forging
    CN105414436B (en) * 2015-12-31 2018-07-06 无锡透平叶片有限公司 A kind of blade forging mold convenient for detection forging offsetting amount
    CN110355315A (en) * 2018-04-11 2019-10-22 辽宁五一八内燃机配件有限公司 A kind of automatic forging positioning die device
    RU2737836C1 (en) * 2020-04-03 2020-12-03 Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Рыбинский государственный авиационный технический университет имени П.А. Соловьева" Blade stamping die

    Citations (3)

    * Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
    Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
    GB1130962A (en) * 1965-04-24 1968-10-16 Fuchs Gmbh Improvements in or relating to drop forging presses
    US3762210A (en) * 1970-10-05 1973-10-02 Doncasters Monk Bridge Ltd Forging dies for the forging of turbine and compressor blades or vanes
    US4930334A (en) * 1989-07-25 1990-06-05 Deere & Company Quick change structure for trim die

    Family Cites Families (6)

    * Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
    Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
    US4195510A (en) * 1978-06-26 1980-04-01 Juergens William A Draw bead having alternating pressure surfaces and grooves
    CN1048994A (en) * 1989-10-18 1991-02-06 航空工业部红原锻铸厂 Large-size steam turbine titanium alloy linear leaf forging and device
    US5083371A (en) * 1990-09-14 1992-01-28 United Technologies Corporation Hollow metal article fabrication
    US5471923A (en) * 1994-12-19 1995-12-05 Chrysler Corporation Multiple stamping dies with cumulative stamping markers and method of stampings parts
    US6539767B2 (en) * 2000-08-31 2003-04-01 Sequa Can Machinery, Inc. Method and apparatus for forming a container component
    US7007535B2 (en) * 2003-10-14 2006-03-07 Stolle Machinery Company, Llc Method and apparatus for aligning components of a press

    Patent Citations (3)

    * Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
    Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
    GB1130962A (en) * 1965-04-24 1968-10-16 Fuchs Gmbh Improvements in or relating to drop forging presses
    US3762210A (en) * 1970-10-05 1973-10-02 Doncasters Monk Bridge Ltd Forging dies for the forging of turbine and compressor blades or vanes
    US4930334A (en) * 1989-07-25 1990-06-05 Deere & Company Quick change structure for trim die

    Cited By (3)

    * Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
    Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
    WO2020260805A1 (en) * 2019-06-28 2020-12-30 Safran Aircraft Engines Core for high-temperature shaping of a metal part and manufacturing, regeneration and shaping process
    FR3097791A1 (en) * 2019-06-28 2021-01-01 Safran Aircraft Engines HOT CONFORMATION CORE OF A METAL PIECE AND MANUFACTURING, REGENERATION AND CONFORMATION PROCESS
    US11970955B2 (en) 2019-06-28 2024-04-30 Safran Aircraft Engines Core for high-temperature shaping of a metal part and manufacturing, regeneration and shaping process

    Also Published As

    Publication number Publication date
    DE602005000451T2 (en) 2007-11-15
    DE602005000451D1 (en) 2007-03-08
    EP1582278B1 (en) 2007-01-17
    RU2378080C2 (en) 2010-01-10
    RU2005108677A (en) 2006-10-10
    CN100548530C (en) 2009-10-14
    CN1754635A (en) 2006-04-05
    FR2867992A1 (en) 2005-09-30
    FR2867992B1 (en) 2007-06-29
    US7370506B2 (en) 2008-05-13
    US20050247101A1 (en) 2005-11-10
    ES2281053T3 (en) 2007-09-16

    Similar Documents

    Publication Publication Date Title
    EP1582278B1 (en) Forging die with locating means
    CA2813691C (en) Equipment comprising a rotatable cradle and intended for coating the airfoil of a turbine blade in order to machine the root
    EP2842007B1 (en) Method for machining the trailing edge of a turbine engine blade
    CN101592569B (en) Method for processing standard impact test sample with Charpy V-notch
    EP1500444B1 (en) Process for the manufacture of forgings by precision forging
    WO2002040191A2 (en) Device and method for calibrating a multiple-roller flattener
    MXPA06005231A (en) Method of manufacturing a hollow blade comprising a squealer tip and method of repairing such a blade.
    US20060218788A1 (en) Method of manufacturing a hollow blade that includes a recessed tip cap and method of reparing such a blade
    EP1870181B1 (en) Method of manufacturing a crankshaft
    FR2890879A1 (en) Fabrication of hollow components such as turbine blades including cavities with complex geometry by a combined foundry and machining operation
    JP5545043B2 (en) Residual stress measurement method
    JP5219569B2 (en) Processing quality judgment method and wafer grinding apparatus in wafer grinding apparatus
    FR2989609A1 (en) Removable support for machining distribution sector of multiflux turbojet in aeronautical field, has fixing unit arranged such that zones of trailing edges of blades are directed perpendicular to plane face
    CN108161122A (en) A kind of cermet cold saw saw blade manufacturing process
    GB2454187A (en) Machining Apparatus
    JP3724253B2 (en) Connecting rod manufacturing method and connecting rod
    FR3116456A1 (en) METHOD FOR REPAIRING A TURBOMACHINE PART AND CORRESPONDING INSTALLATION
    EP3056305B1 (en) Method for manufacturing a plurality of peelable shims
    JP2001162439A (en) Circular sawing machine and work cutting method using circular sawing machine
    FR3123581A1 (en) CUTTING FORCE MEASUREMENT DURING A BROACHING TEST
    FR2989610A1 (en) Support for machining blade of multiflux turbojet, has fixed bit that is arranged with bearing surface that is ready to receive face of blade, where bearing surface is formed with theoretical profile of blade
    FR3140947A1 (en) INSTALLATION FOR MEASURING THE DAMPING PROVIDED BY ADDITIONS OF MATERIAL ON BLADE TIPS
    FR3085286A1 (en) PROCESS FOR MANUFACTURING A TEST WITH MULTIPLE CERAMIC LAYERS, TEST TUBE OBTAINED BY IMPLEMENTING SUCH A PROCESS OF MANUFACTURE AND USE OF SUCH A TEST FOR A UNIAXIAL COMPRESSION HOT TEST
    FR2963094A1 (en) Optical metrology method for measuring profile fragment of workpiece, involves realizing image of profile fragment of workpiece, and comparing image of profile fragment to nominal profile fragment to verify conformity of profile fragment
    FR3097321A1 (en) TEST AND PROCESS FOR MEASURING THE RESIDUAL STRESSES GENERATED IN A PART DURING AN ADDITIVE PROCESS FOR THE MANUFACTURING OF THE PART BY LASER FUSION ON BEDS OF POWDER

    Legal Events

    Date Code Title Description
    PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

    Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

    17P Request for examination filed

    Effective date: 20050329

    AK Designated contracting states

    Kind code of ref document: A1

    Designated state(s): AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU MC NL PL PT RO SE SI SK TR

    AX Request for extension of the european patent

    Extension state: AL BA HR LV MK YU

    AKX Designation fees paid

    Designated state(s): DE ES FR GB IT

    GRAP Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

    Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1

    GRAS Grant fee paid

    Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3

    GRAA (expected) grant

    Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

    AK Designated contracting states

    Kind code of ref document: B1

    Designated state(s): DE ES FR GB IT

    REG Reference to a national code

    Ref country code: GB

    Ref legal event code: FG4D

    Free format text: NOT ENGLISH

    REF Corresponds to:

    Ref document number: 602005000451

    Country of ref document: DE

    Date of ref document: 20070308

    Kind code of ref document: P

    GBT Gb: translation of ep patent filed (gb section 77(6)(a)/1977)

    Effective date: 20070504

    REG Reference to a national code

    Ref country code: ES

    Ref legal event code: FG2A

    Ref document number: 2281053

    Country of ref document: ES

    Kind code of ref document: T3

    PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

    Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

    STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

    Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

    26N No opposition filed

    Effective date: 20071018

    PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

    Ref country code: ES

    Payment date: 20120309

    Year of fee payment: 8

    REG Reference to a national code

    Ref country code: ES

    Ref legal event code: FD2A

    Effective date: 20140613

    PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

    Ref country code: ES

    Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

    Effective date: 20130330

    REG Reference to a national code

    Ref country code: FR

    Ref legal event code: PLFP

    Year of fee payment: 11

    REG Reference to a national code

    Ref country code: FR

    Ref legal event code: PLFP

    Year of fee payment: 12

    REG Reference to a national code

    Ref country code: FR

    Ref legal event code: PLFP

    Year of fee payment: 13

    REG Reference to a national code

    Ref country code: FR

    Ref legal event code: CD

    Owner name: SNECMA

    Effective date: 20170713

    REG Reference to a national code

    Ref country code: FR

    Ref legal event code: PLFP

    Year of fee payment: 14

    PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

    Ref country code: FR

    Payment date: 20230222

    Year of fee payment: 19

    PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

    Ref country code: IT

    Payment date: 20230221

    Year of fee payment: 19

    Ref country code: GB

    Payment date: 20230221

    Year of fee payment: 19

    Ref country code: DE

    Payment date: 20230221

    Year of fee payment: 19