EP1579928A1 - Process for removing scale or rust from a deformable metal stock - Google Patents
Process for removing scale or rust from a deformable metal stock Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1579928A1 EP1579928A1 EP05102316A EP05102316A EP1579928A1 EP 1579928 A1 EP1579928 A1 EP 1579928A1 EP 05102316 A EP05102316 A EP 05102316A EP 05102316 A EP05102316 A EP 05102316A EP 1579928 A1 EP1579928 A1 EP 1579928A1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- lubricant
- layer
- rust
- scale
- umformgut
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C43/00—Devices for cleaning metal products combined with or specially adapted for use with machines or apparatus provided for in this subclass
- B21C43/02—Devices for cleaning metal products combined with or specially adapted for use with machines or apparatus provided for in this subclass combined with or specially adapted for use in connection with drawing or winding machines or apparatus
- B21C43/04—Devices for de-scaling wire or like flexible work
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C43/00—Devices for cleaning metal products combined with or specially adapted for use with machines or apparatus provided for in this subclass
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C9/00—Cooling, heating or lubricating drawing material
- B21C9/005—Cold application of the lubricant
Definitions
- the invention relates to the field of metallurgy and relates to a method for removing scale and Rust layers of metallic Umformgut.
- wire drawing process involves the previous cleaning process the semifinished product usually referred to as wire rod a significant role. It is well known that wire rod covered with oxide, hydroxide, scale or the like is. These, mainly from the hot forming process Surface coatings must be carefully before pulling be removed because their presence is not just one much higher wear of the drawing tools and a significant reduction in the possible pulling speed but also a strong quality reduction of the pull to pulling wire.
- the mechanical cleaning methods can be used during Wire drawing usually in three in the drawing direction each other subdivide the following cleaning areas.
- the wire rod In the first cleaning area of the wire rod is through a winding distance of two at an angle of 90 ° offset roll assemblies positively guided, whereby the wire both mutually and in two rotated by 90 ° levels is bent and thus the brittle scale layers more or less flake off the metal surface.
- wire brush systems are around the wire rod arranged and usually brush tangentially the Wire surface.
- the disadvantage here is the very complex Mechanics of the brush drive driving system, the high acquisition and maintenance costs and the lack of reliability of these systems due to the dusty environment and at the same time high Performance requirements.
- Another disadvantage of this Arrangements is that in addition to technical facilities for automatic compensation of the game are to be provided since due to the high load of the brushes also their permanent high wear results.
- Another disadvantage of this Brush systems is that the wire rod surface Mechanically processed by the strong effect of the brushes is that in the immediate vicinity of the surface due to high temperatures and occasional high temperatures following rapid cooling microstructural changes up to the Martening result.
- the invention has for its object to provide a reliable, cost-effective, technologically simple and environmentally friendly feasible method for removing scale and To provide rust layers of metallic Umformgut, in which damage to the surface and texture of the Forming good is avoided.
- the method is characterized in that with a Scale layer and / or rust layer associated with forming material a closed layer of a lubricant is wrapped, that the Umformgut so wrapped for the purpose of detachment of Scale layer and / or rust layer of the metallic forming material a cross-section reducing forming with a Forming degree of> 3% is subjected and that after this Forming the existing on the Umformgut Lubricant coating together with the contained therein Parts of the scale layer and / or rust layer is removed.
- This can be an inlet nozzle and an outlet nozzle for and outlet of the Umformgutes, wherein the outlet nozzle may advantageously be a forming tool.
- the lubricant in the lubricant chamber under the Condition of a fixed or adjustable pressure applied to the forming material the lubricant externally supplied under the action of pressure of the lubricant chamber becomes.
- the Lubricant pressure measured in the lubricant chamber and the Measured values are used to control and regulate the Pulling speed and / or the process temperature used.
- the lubricant pressure in the lubricant chamber and / or the inlet nozzle so large be chosen that part of the lubricant against the Transport direction of the formed material through the annular gap is pressed between the inlet nozzle and Umformgut.
- the lubricant chamber can be advantageous liquefied or in a pasty state transferred solid lubricant can be used. It can the Solid lubricant under the action of pressure and / or Temperature in the liquid or pasty state be transferred.
- the detachment of the Scale layer and / or rust layer of the metallic forming material by choosing the degree of deformation, the geometry of the Forming tools, the type and thickness of the lubricant coating and / or the forming speed controlled.
- the process step of detaching the scale layer and / or rust layer can according to the invention one or more Forming tools are used.
- the lubricant envelope together with the parts of the scale layer contained therein and / or Rust layer is removed by a cleaning process.
- a liquid can be used become.
- the cleaning process is a heated Fed to forming material.
- the removal of the lubricant sheath together with the parts of the scale layer contained therein and / or rust layer can also be realized in that the cylindrical guide length L of the single or the last Forming tool with L ⁇ 0.3 d is selected, wherein d the Diameter of the expiring formed material is.
- the Lubricant coating as a result of the short Guide length caused rapid drop in pressure immediately on Output of the forming tool automatically from the forming material blasted off.
- the inventive method is distinguished from the State of the art by several significant advantages.
- the new process is also characterized by a high Reliability with simultaneous low wear of the Device system off.
- the invention is based on a Embodiment explained in more detail.
- the example relates to the cleaning of a wire rod of the Steel brand C40 with a nominal diameter of 5.5 mm. Of the Wire has a closed roll resulting from hot rolling Scale layer on.
- the Lubricant chamber is pressurized filled solid lubricant.
- the lubricant becomes the Lubricant chamber by means of an external Lubricant supply device under the action of Pressure supplied.
- the pressure in the lubricant chamber is on set a value of 600 bar and during the Pulling the wire rod through the lubricant chamber kept constant via a control device.
- the outlet nozzle of the lubricant chamber is as a drawing die formed, with which the scaled, in the Lubricant chamber with lubricant coated wire rod on a diameter of 4.75 mm is drawn.
- This Diameter reduction occurs an ideally uniform Stretching of the wire rod, which has the consequence that the scale layer separates from the wire rod and into small Laminated parts break, which of the lubricant coating be recorded.
- the wire thus treated is immediately after leaving from the lubricant chamber with rotating plastic brushes as well subjected to a fine cleaning with a compressed air blower. Then there is a wire completely cleaned of scale Further processing in, for example, a drawing process.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metal Extraction Processes (AREA)
- Cleaning And De-Greasing Of Metallic Materials By Chemical Methods (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf das Gebiet der Metallurgie und betrifft ein Verfahren zum Entfernen von Zunder- und Rostschichten von metallischem Umformgut.The invention relates to the field of metallurgy and relates to a method for removing scale and Rust layers of metallic Umformgut.
Beim Drahtziehprozess spielt der vorherige Reinigungsvorgang des üblicherweise als Walzdraht bezeichneten Halbzeuges eine bedeutende Rolle. Es ist allgemein bekannt, dass Walzdraht mit Oxid-, Hydroxid-, Zunderschichten oder ähnlichem bedeckt ist. Diese, vor allem vom Warmumformprozess herrührenden Oberflächenschichten müssen vor dem Ziehen sorgfältig entfernt werden, da ihr Vorhandensein nicht nur einen wesentlich höheren Verschleiß der Ziehwerkzeuge und eine bedeutende Reduzierung der möglichen Ziehgeschwindigkeit bewirken, sondern auch eine starke Qualitätsverminderung des zu ziehenden Drahtes nach sich ziehen.The wire drawing process involves the previous cleaning process the semifinished product usually referred to as wire rod a significant role. It is well known that wire rod covered with oxide, hydroxide, scale or the like is. These, mainly from the hot forming process Surface coatings must be carefully before pulling be removed because their presence is not just one much higher wear of the drawing tools and a significant reduction in the possible pulling speed but also a strong quality reduction of the pull to pulling wire.
Für die Entfernung derartiger Oberflächenschichten werden eine Vielzahl von Verfahren angewandt, die sich im wesentlichen in zwei Gruppen einteilen lassen, und zwar den chemischen und den mechanischen Reinigungsverfahren.For the removal of such surface layers are a variety of procedures are applied in the into two main groups, namely the chemical and mechanical cleaning processes.
Bei der Gruppe der chemischen Reinigungsverfahren wird im Kern ein Nassbeizen des Drahtes durchgeführt, wobei jedoch eine Reihe zusätzlicher Operationen erforderlich ist, wie beispielsweise Neutralisieren, Spülen, Trocknen usw. Derartige Verfahrensschritte und die dazugehörigen Einrichtungen sind sehr kostenaufwändig. Darüber hinaus belasten die dafür erforderlichen Medien, wie Säuren und Laugen, in nicht unbeträchtlichem Maße die Umwelt.In the group of chemical cleaning methods is in Core carried out a wet pickling of the wire, however a series of additional operations is required, such as for example, neutralizing, rinsing, drying, etc. Such process steps and the associated Facilities are very expensive. Furthermore burden the necessary media, such as acids and Alkalis, to a not inconsiderable extent the environment.
Ein anderes Verfahren der Zunderentfernung mittels Anwalzen und damit kombinierter chemischer Behandlung nutzt spezifische geometrische Zusammenhänge zwischen dem Walzendurchmesser und der Dicke des Metallbandes, wobei der Durchmesser von mindestens einer der Walzen größer als 5-mal und kleiner als 50-mal als die Dicke des Bandes sein soll (US 2,650,888). Bei dieser Lösung werden unter Einhaltung dieser vorgegebenen Randbedingungen eine dem Walzvorgang vorauseilende Wölbung und ein anschließendes Aufbrechen der Zunderschicht genutzt, um diese in der Folge leichter mit einer chemischen Behandlung entfernen zu können.Another method of scaling by means of rolling and thus uses combined chemical treatment specific geometric relationships between the Roll diameter and the thickness of the metal strip, wherein the Diameter of at least one of the rolls greater than 5 times and less than 50 times the thickness of the tape (US 2,650,888). In this solution, in compliance with this given boundary conditions a the rolling process anticipatory curvature and then breaking up the Scale used to make this easier in the sequence to be able to remove a chemical treatment.
Die mechanischen Reinigungsverfahren lassen sich beim Drahtziehen üblicherweise in drei in Ziehrichtung aufeinander folgende Reinigungsbereiche unterteilen.The mechanical cleaning methods can be used during Wire drawing usually in three in the drawing direction each other subdivide the following cleaning areas.
Im ersten Reinigungsbereich wird der Walzdraht durch eine gewundene Strecke von jeweils zwei im Winkel von 90° versetzten Walzenanordnungen zwangsgeführt, wodurch der Draht sowohl wechselseitig als auch in zwei um 90° gedrehten Ebenen gebogen wird und somit die spröden Zunderschichten mehr oder weniger von der Metalloberfläche abplatzen.In the first cleaning area of the wire rod is through a winding distance of two at an angle of 90 ° offset roll assemblies positively guided, whereby the wire both mutually and in two rotated by 90 ° levels is bent and thus the brittle scale layers more or less flake off the metal surface.
Nachteilig ist hierbei, dass die Streckung der Drahtoberfläche infolge der Biegung in zwei um 90° gedrehten Ebenen nicht über den Drahtumfang gleichmäßig erfolgt und somit die Entfernung des Zunders über den Drahtumfang ebenfalls nicht in gleichem Maße vor sich geht. Damit ist in jedem Falle ein zweiter Reinigungsbereich erforderlich, nämlich das Bürsten mit Drahtbürstensystemen. The disadvantage here is that the extension of the Wire surface as a result of bending in two rotated by 90 ° Levels are not uniform across the wire circumference and thus the removal of the scale over the wire circumference also does not go to the same extent. This is in each case requires a second cleaning area, namely brushing with wire brush systems.
Diese Drahtbürstensysteme sind um den Walzdraht herum angeordnet und bürsten üblicherweise tangential die Drahtoberfläche. Nachteilig hierbei ist die sehr aufwändige Mechanik des die Bürsten antreibenden Antriebssystems, die hohen Anschaffungs- und Unterhaltungskosten sowie die mangelnde Zuverlässigkeit dieser Systeme aufgrund der staubigen Einsatzumgebung und der gleichzeitig hohen Leistungsanforderungen. Ein weitere Nachteil dieser Anordnungen ist, dass außerdem technische Einrichtungen zum automatischen Ausgleich des Spiels vorzusehen sind, da sich infolge der hohen Belastung der Bürsten auch deren ständige hohe Abnutzung ergibt. Ein weiterer Nachteil dieser Bürstensysteme besteht darin, dass die Walzdrahtoberfläche durch die starke Wirkung der Bürsten mechanisch so bearbeitet wird, dass sich in unmittelbarer Oberflächennähe infolge von stattfindenden punktuellen hohen Erwärmungen und darauf folgenden Schnellabkühlungen Gefügeveränderungen bis hin zur Martensitbildung ergeben. Diese verfestigten spröden Gefügeteile wirken sich sehr nachteilig für den nachfolgenden Ziehprozess sowie auf nachgeschaltete elektrolytische Oberflächenbehandlungsverfahren, wie z.B. das Verchromen aus. Sie lösen sich einerseits beim weiteren Ziehprozess als spröde kleinere Gefügeteile aus der ansonsten duktilen Matrix des Walzdrahtes und führen zu Kaltverschweißungen und Riefenbildung. Außerdem rufen sie eine Blasenbildung auf der Drahtoberfläche beim elektrolytischen Oberflächenveredeln infolge der höheren Affinität dieser hoch verfestigten Gefügeteile zum sauren Umgebungsmedium hervor.These wire brush systems are around the wire rod arranged and usually brush tangentially the Wire surface. The disadvantage here is the very complex Mechanics of the brush drive driving system, the high acquisition and maintenance costs and the lack of reliability of these systems due to the dusty environment and at the same time high Performance requirements. Another disadvantage of this Arrangements is that in addition to technical facilities for automatic compensation of the game are to be provided since due to the high load of the brushes also their permanent high wear results. Another disadvantage of this Brush systems is that the wire rod surface Mechanically processed by the strong effect of the brushes is that in the immediate vicinity of the surface due to high temperatures and occasional high temperatures following rapid cooling microstructural changes up to the Martening result. These solidified brittle Structural parts are very disadvantageous for the following Drawing process and downstream electrolytic Surface treatment methods, such as e.g. the chrome plating. They dissolve on the one hand during the further drawing process as brittle smaller parts of the otherwise ductile matrix of the wire rod and lead to cold welding and Scoring. They also call a blistering on the Wire surface in electrolytic surface finishing due to the higher affinity of these highly solidified Structural parts to the acidic environment medium forth.
Diese Gefügeveränderung im Oberflächenbereich und die damit verbundenen negativen Folgeerscheinungen treffen in ähnlicher Weise auch bereits im ersten Reinigungsbereich der mechanischen Reinigungsverfahren, dem Biegen des Walzdrahtes in zwei Ebenen durch Walzenanordnungen, zu. Der Unterschied besteht lediglich darin, dass diese Gefügeveränderungen nicht flächenartig sondern in Form von Längsstreifen vorliegen. Es wird auch versucht, die Nachteile dieser zu starken mechanischen Bearbeitung der Oberfläche damit zu umgehen, dass an Stelle der Bürsten Stahlwolle verwendet wird.This structural change in the surface area and the so associated negative consequences occur in similar Way already in the first cleaning of the mechanical cleaning method, bending the wire rod in two levels by roller arrangements, too. The difference is only that these structural changes not planar but in the form of longitudinal stripes. It is also trying to strengthen the disadvantages of this mechanical handling of the surface to deal with it that steel wool is used instead of the brushes.
Abschließend wird der Walzdraht in einem dritten Reinigungsbereich zur Entfernung der noch anhaftenden Oxidstaubrückstände mit Druckluftstrahlen behandelt.Finally, the wire rod in a third Cleaning area to remove the remaining adhesive Oxid dust residues treated with compressed air jets.
Es ist auch bereits bekannt, wie bei warmgewalztem Edelstahl-Bandmaterial, durch Anwendung von geringfügigem Anwalzen und Hochdruck-Wasserstrahl-Beaufschlagung ein mechanisches Absprengen der Zunderschicht zu erreichen (DE 195 40 602 A1). In diesem Fall ist keine zusätzliche Anwendung von Schmierstoff beim Anwalzvorgang im Einsatz. Bei dieser Lösung wird explizit hervorgehoben, dass nur in der kombinierten Anwendung von Anwalzen und Hochdruck-Wasserstrahl-Beaufschlagung das mechanische Absprengen des Zunders möglich wird, wobei der Erzeugungsdruck für die Wasserstrahlen über 400, vorzugsweise bei 900 bar, liegen soll.It is also already known, as with hot-rolled stainless steel strip material, by applying slight rolling and High pressure water jet impingement a mechanical Blasting the scale layer to achieve (DE 195 40 602 A1). In this case, there is no additional application of Lubricant used during the salting process. In this solution is explicitly emphasized that only in the combined Application of rolling and high-pressure water jet application the mechanical breaking off of the scale is possible is, wherein the generating pressure for the water jets on 400, preferably at 900 bar, should lie.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein zuverlässiges, kostengünstiges, technologisch einfach und umweltschonend durchführbares Verfahren zum Entfernen von Zunder- und Rostschichten von metallischem Umformgut zu schaffen, bei dem eine Schädigung der Oberfläche und des Gefüges des Umformgutes vermieden wird.The invention has for its object to provide a reliable, cost-effective, technologically simple and environmentally friendly feasible method for removing scale and To provide rust layers of metallic Umformgut, in which damage to the surface and texture of the Forming good is avoided.
Diese Aufgabe wird durch ein Verfahren mit den Merkmalen des Patentanspruchs 1 gelöst.This task is accomplished by a procedure with the characteristics of the Patent claim 1 solved.
Das Verfahren ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das mit einer Zunderschicht und/oder Rostschicht behaftete Umformgut mit einer geschlossenen Schicht eines Schmierstoffs umhüllt wird, dass das so umhüllte Umformgut zum Zwecke des Loslösens der Zunderschicht und/oder Rostschicht vom metallischen Umformgut einer querschnittsvermindernden Umformung mit einem Umformgrad von > 3 % unterworfen wird und dass nach diesem Umformen die auf dem Umformgut vorhandene Schmierstoffumhüllung zusammen mit den darin enthaltenen Teilen der Zunderschicht und/oder Rostschicht entfernt wird.The method is characterized in that with a Scale layer and / or rust layer associated with forming material a closed layer of a lubricant is wrapped, that the Umformgut so wrapped for the purpose of detachment of Scale layer and / or rust layer of the metallic forming material a cross-section reducing forming with a Forming degree of> 3% is subjected and that after this Forming the existing on the Umformgut Lubricant coating together with the contained therein Parts of the scale layer and / or rust layer is removed.
Dabei wird das mit einer Zunderschicht und/oder Rostschicht behaftete Umformgut zur Umhüllung mit dem Schmierstoff in vorteilhafter Weise durch eine Schmierstoffkammer gezogen. Diese kann eine Einlaufdüse und eine Auslaufdüse für den Ein- und Austritt des Umformgutes aufweisen, wobei die Auslaufdüse vorteilhaft ein Umformwerkzeug sein kann.This is done with a scale layer and / or rust layer Affected Umformgut for wrapping with the lubricant in advantageously pulled through a lubricant chamber. This can be an inlet nozzle and an outlet nozzle for and outlet of the Umformgutes, wherein the outlet nozzle may advantageously be a forming tool.
Gemäß einer zweckmäßigen Ausgestaltung des Verfahrens wird der Schmierstoff in der Schmierstoffkammer unter der Bedingung eines fest eingestellten oder regelbaren Druckes auf das Umformgut aufgebracht, wobei der Schmierstoff extern unter Einwirkung von Druck der Schmierstoffkammer zugeführt wird.According to an expedient embodiment of the method the lubricant in the lubricant chamber under the Condition of a fixed or adjustable pressure applied to the forming material, the lubricant externally supplied under the action of pressure of the lubricant chamber becomes.
Nach weiteren Merkmalen der Erfindung wird der Schmiermitteldruck in der Schmierstoffkammer gemessen und die Messwerte werden zur Steuerung und Regelung der Ziehgeschwindigkeit und/oder der Prozesstemperatur herangezogen.According to further features of the invention, the Lubricant pressure measured in the lubricant chamber and the Measured values are used to control and regulate the Pulling speed and / or the process temperature used.
Gemäß einem weiteren Merkmal werden der Schmierstoffdruck in der Schmierstoffkammer und/oder die Einlaufdüse so groß gewählt werden, dass ein Teil des Schmierstoffs entgegen der Transportrichtung des Umformgutes durch den Ringspalt zwischen Einlaufdüse und Umformgut gedrückt wird.According to another feature, the lubricant pressure in the lubricant chamber and / or the inlet nozzle so large be chosen that part of the lubricant against the Transport direction of the formed material through the annular gap is pressed between the inlet nozzle and Umformgut.
In der Schmierstoffkammer können vorteilhaft ein verflüssigter oder ein in einen pastenförmigen Zustand überführter Festschmierstoff verwendet werden. Dabei kann der Festschmierstoff unter der Einwirkung von Druck und/oder Temperatur in den flüssigen oder pastenförmigen Zustand überführt werden.In the lubricant chamber can be advantageous liquefied or in a pasty state transferred solid lubricant can be used. It can the Solid lubricant under the action of pressure and / or Temperature in the liquid or pasty state be transferred.
Nach weiteren Merkmalen der Erfindung wird das Loslösen der Zunderschicht und/oder Rostschicht vom metallischen Umformgut durch die Wahl des Umformgrades, die Geometrie der Umformwerkzeuge, die Art und Dicke der Schmierstoffumhüllung und/oder die Umformgeschwindigkeit gesteuert.According to further features of the invention, the detachment of the Scale layer and / or rust layer of the metallic forming material by choosing the degree of deformation, the geometry of the Forming tools, the type and thickness of the lubricant coating and / or the forming speed controlled.
Für die Verfahrensstufe des Loslösens der Zunderschicht und/oder Rostschicht können erfindungsgemäß ein oder mehrere Umformwerkzeuge eingesetzt werden.For the process step of detaching the scale layer and / or rust layer can according to the invention one or more Forming tools are used.
Erfindungsgemäß wird die Schmierstoffumhüllung zusammen mit den darin enthaltenen Teilen der Zunderschicht und/oder Rostschicht durch einen Reinigungsprozess entfernt wird.According to the invention, the lubricant envelope together with the parts of the scale layer contained therein and / or Rust layer is removed by a cleaning process.
Für den Reinigungsprozess kann eine Flüssigkeit verwendet werden.For the cleaning process, a liquid can be used become.
Vorteilhaft wird dem Reinigungsprozess ein erwärmtes Umformgut zugeführt.Advantageously, the cleaning process is a heated Fed to forming material.
Erfindungsgemäß kann das Entfernen der Schmierstoffumhüllung zusammen mit den darin enthaltenen Teilen der Zunderschicht und/oder Rostschicht auch dadurch realisiert werden, dass die zylindrische Führungslänge L des einzigen oder des letzten Umformwerkzeuges mit L < 0,3 d gewählt wird, worin d der Durchmesser des auslaufenden Umformgutes ist. Bei dieser Variante des Reinigungsprozesses wird die Schmierstoffumhüllung infolge des durch die kurze Führungslänge bedingten rapiden Druckabfalls unmittelbar am Ausgang des Umformwerkzeuges selbsttätig vom Umformgut abgesprengt. According to the invention, the removal of the lubricant sheath together with the parts of the scale layer contained therein and / or rust layer can also be realized in that the cylindrical guide length L of the single or the last Forming tool with L <0.3 d is selected, wherein d the Diameter of the expiring formed material is. At this Variant of the cleaning process is the Lubricant coating as a result of the short Guide length caused rapid drop in pressure immediately on Output of the forming tool automatically from the forming material blasted off.
Gemäß der Erfindung ist noch vorgesehen, dass für die Umhüllung des mit einer Zunderschicht und/oder Rostschicht behafteten Umformgutes auch ein erwärmter oder gekühlter Schmierstoff verwendet werden kann.According to the invention is still provided that for the Enveloping with a scale layer and / or rust layer afflicted Umformgutes also a heated or cooled Lubricant can be used.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren zeichnet sich gegenüber dem Stand der Technik durch mehrere erhebliche Vorteile aus.The inventive method is distinguished from the State of the art by several significant advantages.
So erfolgt bei dem Verfahren eine Streckung des Drahtes, die ideal gleichmäßig über dem Drahtumfang stattfindet. Damit ergeben sich im Gegensatz zu den bekannten Reinigungsverfahren absolut gleichmäßige Reinigungsbedingungen über den Drahtumfang.Thus, in the process, an elongation of the wire, the ideally even over the circumference of the wire. In order to arise in contrast to the known Cleaning process absolutely uniform Cleaning conditions over the wire circumference.
Diese Streckung hat zur Folge, dass sich die Zunder- und/oder Rostschichten vom metallischen Umformgut ablösen und in kleine Schichtteile zerbrechen, welche die Schmierstoffumhüllung aufnimmt.This stretching has the consequence that the scale and / or Remove rust layers from the metal forming material and place in break small pieces of film, which the Takes up lubricant coating.
Infolge des durch das neue Verfahren bewirkten extrem gleichmäßigen und gründlichen Loslösens der Zunder- und Rostschicht von der Drahtoberfläche kann auf die nachfolgende starke Oberflächenbearbeitung mittels Stahlbürsten verzichtet werden.As a result of the extreme caused by the new process uniform and thorough detachment of the scale and Rust layer from the wire surface can on the following strong surface treatment by means of steel brushes omitted become.
Dies bringt eine Schonung der metallischen Drahtoberfläche mit sich und ermöglicht damit die Vermeidung lokaler teilweise extremer Verspannungen der Drahtoberfläche und damit die Bildung von Materialfehlern.This brings a relief of the metallic wire surface with it, thus avoiding local sometimes extreme tension of the wire surface and thus the formation of material defects.
Diese Materialfehler, die im Oberflächenbereich des Drahtes bei konventionellen Reinigungsverfahren sowohl beim Biegen über Biegewalzen als auch beim nachfolgenden Bürsten auftreten, werden durch das neue Verfahren vollständig vermieden. Dies verhindert unter anderem Störungen des Drahtziehprozesses durch Riefenbildung und Kaltverschweißung infolge des Herauslösens extrem verspannter harter Gefügeteile aus der oberflächennahen duktilen Matrix des Umformgutes. Außerdem können durch die Vermeidung derartiger Materialfehler Erscheinungen von Fleckigkeit oder Blasenbildung bei nachfolgenden Oberflächenbehandlungsverfahren, wie z.B. elektrolytischem Vernickeln oder Verchromen, vermieden werden, da diese hochverfestigten Gefügeteile eine höhere Affinität zum sauren Umgebungsmedium besitzen und zu spontaner Wasserstoffbildung auf der Drahtoberfläche führen.These material defects in the surface area of the wire in conventional cleaning processes both during bending about bending rolls as well as the subsequent brushing occur through the new procedure completely avoided. This prevents, inter alia, disruptions of Wire drawing process by scoring and cold welding as a result of dissolving extremely tense hard Tissues from the near-surface ductile matrix of the Workpiece to be shaped. In addition, by avoiding such Material defects appearance of mottling or Blistering in subsequent surface treatment processes, such as. electrolytic nickel plating or Chrome plating should be avoided as these are highly consolidated Tissue parts have a higher affinity to the acidic environment medium possess and spontaneous hydrogen formation on the Lead wire surface.
Durch das neue Reinigungsverfahren kann der erforderliche Platzbedarf in Ziehrichtung auf weniger als die Hälfte reduziert werden. Darüber hinaus werden sowohl der Geräteaufwand als auch die Unterhaltungskosten bedeutend vermindert, da unter anderem aufwändige und kostenintensive Stahldrahtbürstensysteme vollständig weggelassen werden können.Due to the new cleaning process, the required Space required in drawing direction to less than half be reduced. In addition, both the Equipment expenditure as well as the maintenance costs significantly reduced, among other things, consuming and costly Steel wire brush systems are completely omitted can.
Das neue Verfahren zeichnet sich außerdem durch eine hohe Zuverlässigkeit bei gleichzeitigem geringen Verschleiß des Gerätesystems aus.The new process is also characterized by a high Reliability with simultaneous low wear of the Device system off.
Nachstehend ist die Erfindung an Hand eines Ausführungsbeispiels näher erläutert.The invention is based on a Embodiment explained in more detail.
Das Beispiel betrifft die Reinigung eines Walzdrahtes der Stahlmarke C40 mit einem Nenndurchmesser von 5,5 mm. Der Draht weist eine vom Warmwalzen herrührende geschlossene Zunderschicht auf.The example relates to the cleaning of a wire rod of the Steel brand C40 with a nominal diameter of 5.5 mm. Of the Wire has a closed roll resulting from hot rolling Scale layer on.
Zum Entfernen der Zunderschicht wird der Walzdraht mit einer Geschwindigkeit von 1 m/s durch eine Schmierstoffkammer gezogen, die eine Einlaufdüse und eine Auslaufdüse für den Ein- und Austritt des Umformgutes aufweist. Die Schmierstoffkammer ist mit einem unter Druckeinwirkung stehenden Festschmierstoff gefüllt. Der Schmierstoff wird der Schmierstoffkammer mittels einer externen Schmierstoffzuführungseinrichtung unter der Einwirkung von Druck zugeführt. Der Druck in der Schmierstoffkammer wird auf einen Wert von 600 bar eingestellt und während des Durchziehens des Walzdrahtes durch die Schmierstoffkammer über eine Regeleinrichtung konstant gehalten.To remove the scale layer of the wire rod with a Speed of 1 m / s through a lubricant chamber drawn, which has an inlet nozzle and a discharge nozzle for the Has inlet and outlet of the Umformgutes. The Lubricant chamber is pressurized filled solid lubricant. The lubricant becomes the Lubricant chamber by means of an external Lubricant supply device under the action of Pressure supplied. The pressure in the lubricant chamber is on set a value of 600 bar and during the Pulling the wire rod through the lubricant chamber kept constant via a control device.
Die Auslaufdüse der Schmierstoffkammer ist als Ziehstein ausgebildet, mit dem der verzunderte, in der Schmierstoffkammer mit Schmierstoff umhüllte Walzdraht auf einen Durchmesser von 4,75 mm gezogen wird. Durch diese Durchmesserverringerung tritt eine ideal gleichmäßige Streckung des Walzdrahtes ein, die zur Folge hat, dass sich die Zunderschicht vom Walzdraht ablöst und in kleine Schichtteile zerbricht, welche von der Schmierstoffumhüllung aufgenommen werden.The outlet nozzle of the lubricant chamber is as a drawing die formed, with which the scaled, in the Lubricant chamber with lubricant coated wire rod on a diameter of 4.75 mm is drawn. Through this Diameter reduction occurs an ideally uniform Stretching of the wire rod, which has the consequence that the scale layer separates from the wire rod and into small Laminated parts break, which of the lubricant coating be recorded.
Der so behandelte Draht wird unmittelbar nach dem Austritt aus der Schmierstoffkammer mit rotierenden Plastbürsten sowie mit einem Druckluftgebläse einer Feinreinigung unterworfen. Danach liegt ein völlig von Zunder gereinigter Draht zur Weiterverarbeitung in beispielsweise einem Ziehprozess vor.The wire thus treated is immediately after leaving from the lubricant chamber with rotating plastic brushes as well subjected to a fine cleaning with a compressed air blower. Then there is a wire completely cleaned of scale Further processing in, for example, a drawing process.
Claims (16)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102004015975A DE102004015975B3 (en) | 2004-03-26 | 2004-03-26 | Removal of scale and rust from transformed metal materials, e.g. drawn wires, involves shrouding in a lubricant coating and reducing material cross-section by drawing through a die to remove lubricant together with any scale or rust |
DE102004015975 | 2004-03-26 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP1579928A1 true EP1579928A1 (en) | 2005-09-28 |
EP1579928B1 EP1579928B1 (en) | 2010-02-24 |
Family
ID=34745458
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP05102316A Not-in-force EP1579928B1 (en) | 2004-03-26 | 2005-03-23 | Process for removing scale or rust from a deformable metal stock |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
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EP (1) | EP1579928B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE458562T1 (en) |
DE (2) | DE102004015975B3 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN109513767A (en) * | 2018-11-27 | 2019-03-26 | 宁波市铭宏国光化工有限公司 | A kind of metal wire rod drawing process and wire-drawing equipment |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102013213251B4 (en) | 2013-07-05 | 2016-09-29 | Ecoform Umformtechnik Gmbh | Method and device for coating scale-bearing formed material with a lubricant |
Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1835462A (en) * | 1928-09-13 | 1931-12-08 | American Electrical Works | Wire drawing apparatus |
US2650888A (en) * | 1949-08-09 | 1953-09-01 | Freeport Sulphur Co | Metal surface treatment |
JPS5772720A (en) * | 1980-10-24 | 1982-05-07 | Kawasaki Steel Corp | Manufacture of cold rolled steel strip |
JPS57137023A (en) * | 1981-02-18 | 1982-08-24 | Nippon Kokan Kk <Nkk> | Descaling method for hot rolled steel plate |
FR2702973A1 (en) * | 1993-03-23 | 1994-09-30 | Trefileurope France Sa | Method and device for descaling a wire rod |
DE19540602A1 (en) * | 1995-10-31 | 1997-05-07 | Kloeckner Stahl Gmbh | Cold descaling strip materials, e.g., steel |
EP0796675A1 (en) * | 1995-10-11 | 1997-09-24 | Nisshin Steel Co., Ltd. | Method of descaling steel sheet in coil through high draft rolling |
-
2004
- 2004-03-26 DE DE102004015975A patent/DE102004015975B3/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2005
- 2005-03-23 DE DE502005009059T patent/DE502005009059D1/en active Active
- 2005-03-23 EP EP05102316A patent/EP1579928B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2005-03-23 AT AT05102316T patent/ATE458562T1/en active
Patent Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1835462A (en) * | 1928-09-13 | 1931-12-08 | American Electrical Works | Wire drawing apparatus |
US2650888A (en) * | 1949-08-09 | 1953-09-01 | Freeport Sulphur Co | Metal surface treatment |
JPS5772720A (en) * | 1980-10-24 | 1982-05-07 | Kawasaki Steel Corp | Manufacture of cold rolled steel strip |
JPS57137023A (en) * | 1981-02-18 | 1982-08-24 | Nippon Kokan Kk <Nkk> | Descaling method for hot rolled steel plate |
FR2702973A1 (en) * | 1993-03-23 | 1994-09-30 | Trefileurope France Sa | Method and device for descaling a wire rod |
EP0796675A1 (en) * | 1995-10-11 | 1997-09-24 | Nisshin Steel Co., Ltd. | Method of descaling steel sheet in coil through high draft rolling |
DE19540602A1 (en) * | 1995-10-31 | 1997-05-07 | Kloeckner Stahl Gmbh | Cold descaling strip materials, e.g., steel |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
Title |
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PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 006, no. 153 (M - 149) 13 August 1982 (1982-08-13) * |
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 006, no. 236 (M - 173) 25 November 1982 (1982-11-25) * |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN109513767A (en) * | 2018-11-27 | 2019-03-26 | 宁波市铭宏国光化工有限公司 | A kind of metal wire rod drawing process and wire-drawing equipment |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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DE502005009059D1 (en) | 2010-04-08 |
EP1579928B1 (en) | 2010-02-24 |
ATE458562T1 (en) | 2010-03-15 |
DE102004015975B3 (en) | 2005-08-11 |
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