EP1579618A2 - Amplificateur a gain variable pondere a entrees multiples - Google Patents

Amplificateur a gain variable pondere a entrees multiples

Info

Publication number
EP1579618A2
EP1579618A2 EP03790344A EP03790344A EP1579618A2 EP 1579618 A2 EP1579618 A2 EP 1579618A2 EP 03790344 A EP03790344 A EP 03790344A EP 03790344 A EP03790344 A EP 03790344A EP 1579618 A2 EP1579618 A2 EP 1579618A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
los
recited
signal
amplifier
differential amplifiers
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP03790344A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Mehdi Kazemi-Nia
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Intel Corp
Original Assignee
Intel Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Intel Corp filed Critical Intel Corp
Publication of EP1579618A2 publication Critical patent/EP1579618A2/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/20—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received using signal quality detector

Definitions

  • An embodiment of the present invention relates to gain amplifiers and, more particularly, to multiple input gain amplifiers that can detect loss of signal (LOS) over a wide threshold range.
  • LOS loss of signal
  • receiver chip sets or chips are often provided with circuitry which is adapted to monitor a signal level of the incoming signal of the digital data bit stream or data stream to determine whether the data stream is present or not and provide a Loss of Signal (LOS) detect signal indicating whether the data stream is present or absent.
  • LOS Loss of Signal
  • this LOS detect signal is transferred to a system processor or network controller running a suitable monitoring program, monitoring the operation of the communication system, which may be adapted to take corrective steps in response to an activated LOS detect signal.
  • a photodiode In fast optical data network environments when receiving an optical signal from an optical fiber, a photodiode is used to translate the signal from the optical domain to the electrical domain.
  • a transimpedance amplifier TIA
  • TIA transimpedance amplifier
  • PMD physical media device
  • LIA Limiting Amplifier
  • Figure 1 is a limiting amplifier having a conventional loss of signal
  • Figure 2 is a limiting amplifier having a LOS feature that utilizes weighted multiple inputs for providing wide range of user-programmable LOS thresholds according to an example embodiment.
  • a limiting amplifier used for example in high speed optical communication systems, includes a loss of signal (LOS) feature that may be programmed over a wide range user-programmable thresholds for generating loss of signal (LOS) alarms.
  • LOS loss of signal
  • multiple sampling points within the limiting amplifier may be used. These samples may be differentially amplified with weighted gains and then combined and compared to a threshold value to generate an LOS alarm signal.
  • LIAs Limiting amplifiers
  • LIAs offer high gain over a wide bandwidth and are ideal for use as a post amplifier in fiber-optic receivers with high data rates.
  • LIAs may interface directly to the transimpedance amplifier (TIA) of a typical optical-to-electrical conversion portion of a fiber optic link.
  • TIA transimpedance amplifier
  • the amplitude of a signal output from a TIA may vary over time as well as contain a certain amount of noise.
  • a feature of the LIA is to quantize the output signal and output a waveform that is voltage-limited.
  • Figure 1 there is shown a limiting amplifier (LIA) having a conventional LOS detection scheme.
  • an LIA 100 includes LOS detection circuitry 102.
  • the LIA 100 comprises a chain of amplifier stages 104i-g connected in series. In this example, nine amplifier stages are shown labeled A1-A9.
  • a TIA 106 outputs an electrical current signal Di n + and D in " (herein after referred to simply as D in ). This may be a weak current signal resulting from a data stream in the optical domain converted into the electrical domain.
  • the signal enters the LIA 100 where it is amplified by the plurality of amplifier stages A1-A9. After each amplifier stage A1-A9 a voltage signal may be output with some level of gain until saturation is reached, saturation being the point at which the voltage limit has been reached.
  • Buffer 108 subsequently buffers the signal after which may be further processed by clock and data recovery circuitry (not shown).
  • the LOS circuitry 102 may comprise a peak detector (PD) 110, an amplifier 112, and a comparator 114.
  • the peak detector samples one point in the amplifier chain 104 and a simple logic block comprising the amplifier 112 and comparator 114 generates the LOS alarm signal 116. If, after amplification 112, the signal entering the peak detector 110 is below a reference voltage threshold, the comparator 114 generates a LOS alarm signal 116.
  • the sensitivity of the LOS alarm needs to be set. This may be accomplished by a simple variable resistor 118 located in the LOS circuitry 102 that changes the threshold of the comparator 114 or changes the gain of the LOS amplifier 112.
  • FIG. 2 shows a limiting amplifier (LIA) having a loss of signal (LOS) feature according to one embodiment of the invention.
  • the LIA amplifier 200 includes loss of signal (LOS) circuitry 202.
  • the LIA 200 may comprise a chain of amplifier stages 204 204 9 connected in series to progressively amplify an input signal Din.
  • nine amplifier stages are shown labeled A1-A9. Of course this is by way of example only as any number of stages are possible.
  • the TIA 206 outputs an electrical current signal Din+ and Din-.
  • the signal enters the LIA 200 where it is amplified by the plurality of amplifier stages A1-A9. After each amplifier stage A1-A9 a voltage signal may be output with some level of gain until saturation is reached, saturation being the point at which the voltage limit of the LIA 200 has been reached.
  • a buffer 208 subsequently buffers the signal after which it may be further processed by clock and data recovery circuitry (not shown).
  • the loss of signal (LOS) circuitry 202 comprises weighted multiple inputs and provides an effective method to detect loss of signal with a wide threshold range.
  • the LOS circuitry 202 comprises a plurality of peak detectors (PD) 210 ⁇ -21 ⁇ 6, each of which are connected to sample a different point in the amplifier chain A1-A6.
  • these sampling points are examples and one skilled in the art will recognize that other points may also be suitable.
  • the detection points may be after only A1 , A2, and A3, or after A1 , A2, A4, and A5, skipping A3, or any other combination.
  • ones of the peak detectors or sampling points may be selected (i.e., switched on or off) to provide a method of effectively adding or deleting certain sampling points depending on the desired LOS threshold.
  • Each of the PDs 210 ⁇ -210 6 serves as an input to a weighted multiple input amplifier 212.
  • Embodiments of the invention incorporate different sampling points such that ones of the peak detectors (PD) 210 can sample the signal anywhere in the signal path (A1-A9).
  • PD peak detectors
  • six PDs 210 are employed in this example embodiment. As a result, they can sample the signal where its amplitude is high enough to be detected and also before LIA 200 is saturated. For example, two cases are given below for two different Din input signal levels, 5mV and 200mV. In both cases, the limit voltage of the LIA 200 is 800mV and the gain of each amplifier stage A1-A9 is two (2).
  • the input signal is relatively weak (5mV) and therefore saturation is reached after A8. That is, each stage after A8 will output a 800mV signal since this is the voltage limit of the LIA 800.
  • the input signal Din is stronger (200mV) and saturation is reached after A1.
  • the sampling point after the sixth A6 or seventh A7 stage may be desirable.
  • the sampling point after the first A1 or second stage A2 is desirable since the LIA 200 may be saturated after that point.
  • One embodiment of the present invention as shown in Figure 2 comprises multiple sampling points taken after each amplifier stage A1-A6.
  • a plurality of peak detectors 210 ⁇ -210 6 may be used at these multiple sampling points, the outputs of which serve as multiple inputs to the weighted multiple input, variable gain amplifier (WMI-VGA) 212.
  • WMI-VGA weighted multiple input, variable gain amplifier
  • the output of the amplifiers 204 as well as the output of the PDs 210 is typically non-linear for a given input.
  • the WMI-VGA 212 is designed to compensate for this non-linearity as it samples over a broader range of the amplifier 204 outputs.
  • the WMI-VGA 212 comprises a plurality of differential amplifiers 214 1 -214 6 , one for each input from a corresponding PD 210.
  • the nature of the differential amplifiers 214 tends to compensate for the non-linearity of the other amplifier stages and in the system.
  • the gains of the individual differential amplifiers 214r214 ⁇ may be greater for the input signals corresponding to the earlier amplifier stages 204, and less gain for those signals corresponding to the later stages 204. In other words, for a given range, the gain of the individual differential amplifiers 214 may be inversely proportional to the gain of the input signal Din at its sampling point. [0017]
  • the gain values shown in Figure 2 are normalized.
  • the gain of the differential amplifier 214 6 that corresponds to the higher amplifier stage A6 may have a gain of only 1
  • amplifier 214 5 has a gain of 2
  • 214 4 has a gain of 4
  • 214 3 has a gain of 8
  • 214 2 has a gain of 16
  • 214 ⁇ has the largest gain of 32 since it corresponds to the first amplifier stage A1 having the weakest signal output.
  • the outputs of each of the differential amplifiers 214 214 4 may be combined or added, such as adder 217.
  • the resultant output of the WMI-VGA 212 is a voltage signal comprising weighted signal strength information from a plurality of sampling points in the LIA 200 amplifier chain 204 ⁇ . 9 . This output signal may then be compared to a threshold voltage by the comparator 219. If the combined signal is less than the threshold voltage, the LOS alarm signal 220 triggers. Using multiple sampling points allows accurate LOS detection over a wide range of Din input signals.
  • the gain or weighting of the differential amplifiers 214 ⁇ -6 may be tuned or programmed by a user, according to the desired threshold for the LOS alarm 220.
  • variable resistor 216 may be located off chip that internally controls the gain setting of the differential amplifiers 214 ⁇ - 6 .
  • Changing the gains of the differential amplifiers allows the user a method to program the desires threshold voltage of the LOS 202.
  • a table may be provided to the user to indicate the proper variable resistor setting for the desired LOS threshold voltage.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Quality & Reliability (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Amplifiers (AREA)
  • Control Of Amplification And Gain Control (AREA)
  • Optical Communication System (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention a trait à un amplificateur limiteur, utilisé par exemple dans des systèmes de communication optique grande vitesse, comportant un élément de perte de signal qui peut assurer une performance de récepteur améliorée et comporte une large gamme de seuils programmables par l'utilisateur pour la génération d'alarmes de pertes de signal analogiques. En particulier, il est possible d'utiliser une pluralité de points d'échantillonnage au sein de l'amplificateur limiteur. Ces échantillons peuvent être amplifiés avec des gains pondérés et ensuite combinés et comparés à une valeur seuil pour la génération d'un signal d'alarme de perte de signal.
EP03790344A 2002-12-23 2003-12-04 Amplificateur a gain variable pondere a entrees multiples Withdrawn EP1579618A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US329276 2002-12-23
US10/329,276 US7212041B2 (en) 2002-12-23 2002-12-23 Weighted multi-input variable gain amplifier
PCT/US2003/038619 WO2004062139A2 (fr) 2002-12-23 2003-12-04 Amplificateur a gain variable pondere a entrees multiples

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1579618A2 true EP1579618A2 (fr) 2005-09-28

Family

ID=32594716

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP03790344A Withdrawn EP1579618A2 (fr) 2002-12-23 2003-12-04 Amplificateur a gain variable pondere a entrees multiples

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US7212041B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1579618A2 (fr)
JP (1) JP4255915B2 (fr)
CN (1) CN100483989C (fr)
AU (1) AU2003293397A1 (fr)
TW (1) TWI234923B (fr)
WO (1) WO2004062139A2 (fr)

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US7053998B2 (en) * 2003-12-22 2006-05-30 Searete Llc Photo-detector filter
US7515082B2 (en) * 2003-12-19 2009-04-07 Searete, Llc Photo-detector filter having a cascaded low noise amplifier
US7250595B2 (en) * 2004-01-14 2007-07-31 Searete, Llc Photo-detector filter having a cascaded low noise amplifier
US7053809B2 (en) * 2003-12-19 2006-05-30 Searete Llc Analog-to-digital converter circuitry having a cascade
US7999214B2 (en) * 2003-12-19 2011-08-16 The Invention Science Fund I, Llc Photo-detector filter having a cascaded low noise amplifier
US7542133B2 (en) * 2003-12-22 2009-06-02 Searete, Llc Photo-detector filter
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US20130078934A1 (en) 2011-04-08 2013-03-28 Gregory Rawlins Systems and Methods of RF Power Transmission, Modulation, and Amplification
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US7911272B2 (en) 2007-06-19 2011-03-22 Parkervision, Inc. Systems and methods of RF power transmission, modulation, and amplification, including blended control embodiments
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WO2008144017A1 (fr) * 2007-05-18 2008-11-27 Parkervision, Inc. Systèmes et procédés de transmission d'alimentation rf, modulation et amplification
JP5420847B2 (ja) * 2008-02-19 2014-02-19 ピーエスフォー ルクスコ エスエイアールエル 信号伝送回路及びこれを用いた信号伝送システム
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CN102931933A (zh) * 2012-11-15 2013-02-13 贵州航天电器股份有限公司 一种比例可调多路通用可编程电压放大模块
WO2015042142A1 (fr) 2013-09-17 2015-03-26 Parkervision, Inc. Procédé, appareil et système servant à restituer une fonction porteuse d'information sur le temps
CN104852692B (zh) * 2015-05-28 2018-03-20 烽火通信科技股份有限公司 限幅放大装置
US10608600B2 (en) 2015-12-23 2020-03-31 Analog Devices, Inc Adaptable receiver amplifier
CN106970342A (zh) * 2017-02-27 2017-07-21 上海东软医疗科技有限公司 一种增益调整方法及装置
CN112600626B (zh) * 2021-03-04 2021-06-08 深圳市迅特通信技术股份有限公司 光模块及通信设备
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2006507782A (ja) 2006-03-02
WO2004062139A2 (fr) 2004-07-22
CN100483989C (zh) 2009-04-29
CN1759556A (zh) 2006-04-12
AU2003293397A8 (en) 2004-07-29
US20040119477A1 (en) 2004-06-24
JP4255915B2 (ja) 2009-04-22
TW200414669A (en) 2004-08-01
AU2003293397A1 (en) 2004-07-29
TWI234923B (en) 2005-06-21
US7212041B2 (en) 2007-05-01
WO2004062139A3 (fr) 2004-08-26

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