EP1577482B1 - Corner joint for window frames or the like - Google Patents

Abstract

Corner connection for a window frame, etc. having frame parts (10, 12) joined at the corner comprises first holes (16, 18) in the frame parts that originate from the end faces of the joining surfaces (14), and at least one connecting element (20) made of a harder material than the frame parts and introduced into the first holes. Second holes (26, 28) in the frame parts run perpendicularly and at least up to the first holes. Holes (30, 32) in the connecting element are in alignment with the second holes as far as an offset specified before assembly of the window frame. Dowel pins are driven into the second holes and the holes in the connecting element. Third holes (34, 36) in the frame parts lead up to the first holes so that an adhesive can be pressed through one of the third holes into the first holes and out into another of the third holes. An independent claim is also included for the production of a window frame, etc.

Description

The invention relates to a corner joint for a window frame or the like made of wood, a wood material or plastic.

The prior art knows in wooden frames of windows different corner joints, for example, so-called slot and tenon joints, counter-cuts with dowel joint and miter cuts with dowel joint. However, these known corner joints have different disadvantages.

The slot and tenon connection requires that the frame profiles are provided with elaborate counter-milling. The assembled frame parts must be pressed. Both steps mentioned require relatively high effort in terms of machines and their operation. In addition, this technique usually requires a final surface treatment of the woods.

The corner joints with counter-milling and dowel connection also require elaborate milling and the frames must be pressed. Again, a subsequent surface treatment is usually required.

Although the simple connection with miter cut and dowel connection is relatively inexpensive, but also here the frames must be pressed.

Also known in the art Eckverbindung with dowels and so-called Schwalben provides stability in terms of stability often unsatisfactory results. Also, the workload and the machine cost are significant.

The invention has for its object to provide a corner joint for window frames or the like, such as door frames, frames, or larger picture frames, which can be produced with relatively little effort and nevertheless allows accurate and long-term stable results.

In particular, the corner joint according to the invention should be suitable for relatively slim frame parts. Furthermore, the corner joint according to the invention should be particularly suitable as a so-called "system product", i. a manufacturer does not deliver prefabricated windows to the job site or warehouse; rather, the manufacturer supplies components ("systemware") that are cut on site to the dimensions required for the given site. Thus, for example, as "systemware" elongated rods are delivered, which have the desired profile of the windows to be produced, but are much longer than the ultimately required frame parts for the windows. On site, so for example in a joinery, then the desired frame parts can be cut and put together. The same applies to other window components, such as seals, etc. The present invention is particularly suitable for such a "system product".

• erste Bohrungen in den Rahmenteilen, die von den Stirnflächen der Rahmenteile ausgehen,
• zumindest ein Verbindungselement aus einem Material, das härter ist als das Material der Rahmenteile und das in die ersten Bohrungen eingeführt ist,
• zweite Bohrungen in den Rahmenteilen, die senkrecht und zumindest bis zu den ersten Bohrungen verlaufen,
• Bohrungen in dem Verbindungselement, die bis auf einen vor dem Zusammenbau des Fensterrahmens gegebenen Versatz mit den zweiten Bohrungen fluchten, und
• Spannstifte, die in die zweiten Bohrungen und die Bohrungen in dem Verbindungselement eingetrieben sind und dabei den Versatz zumindest teilweise aufgehoben haben,

aufweist.The corner joint according to the invention for window frames or the like made of wood, a wood material or plastic provides frame parts, which are cut in the above sense on-site to length, wherein the corner joint

• first holes in the frame parts, which start from the end faces of the frame parts,
• at least one connecting element of a material that is harder than the material of the frame parts and that is inserted into the first bores,
• second bores in the frame parts, which run perpendicularly and at least up to the first bores,
• Holes in the connecting element, which are aligned with the second holes except for an offset before the assembly of the window frame offset, and
• Dowel pins which are driven into the second bores and the bores in the connecting element and have at least partially removed the offset,

having.

A corner joint with the above features is known from DE 32 29 390 A1.

According to the invention, third bores are provided in the frame parts, which lead to the first bores, so that an adhesive can be pressed through one of the third bores into the first bores and from there into another of the third bores.

It has been found that with adhesives, a very intimate connection between the connecting part and the wood or wood material is achieved, so that the force exerted by the connecting element on the wood or the wood material is distributed over a relatively large area, and not or only insignificantly the connecting element pushes into the wood, even if the forces resulting from the assembly of the window frame arise in compensation of the offset. In known metal frame corner joints are clamped in there anyway cavities, the metal absorbs the resulting forces readily. In the case of wood and wood-based materials or even plastics, it was not easy to assume that, despite the inhomogeneities in the wood material or even the anisotropy in the material, a reliable and stable connection with the quality features described above arises. The injection of adhesive for complete filling of all cavities and all-round embedding of the connecting element for a uniform force distribution and power in the material is very conducive, but not necessary in every case.

This corner joint according to the invention requires no complex machines and tools, especially no milling machine, no frame press and no complex connection of the frame with screw clamps. Processing is fast and does not necessarily require gluing. The corner joint is characterized by a high accuracy of fit of the components and by a high long-term stability. Perfect fit here means that the assembled components are structurally geometrically exactly in the desired position to each other, i. E. At the joints no unwanted protrusions and edges are created and also the optical and haptic impression are of high quality. The penetration of moisture is largely prevented.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, said connecting element on two mutually perpendicular legs.

According to another embodiment of the invention, the connecting element may be an elongated bar without bending.

In both of the aforementioned embodiments, the cross section of the connecting element can take different forms perpendicular to its longitudinal axis, for example, a relatively flat rectangular shape, or even the shape of a circle or even, for example, the shape of a square with rounded or chamfered edges.

A simple assembly of the window frame and also a particularly favorable distribution of the adhesive for the purpose of a uniform force distribution in the wood is also promoted by the fact that the connecting element according to another preferred embodiment of the invention has smaller dimensions than the holes into which it is inserted. In this way, the adhesive can wrap around the connecting element and anchor it firmly on all sides in the wood material.

If the connecting element for the corner joint is angular, then said offset according to the invention has both a component perpendicular to the direction of the bore, in which the connecting element is inserted, and a component parallel to the direction of this bore. The "direction of the bore" is the direction of its longitudinal axis.

According to another preferred embodiment of the invention, the dowel pins, which are driven into the holes in the wood and in the connecting element, in diameter are the same size as the said holes.

The connecting element is generally made of a material which is harder than the wood, the wood material or the plastic of the window frame parts, that is, for example, of a metal such as aluminum, steel or stainless steel. But there are also high-strength plastics as a material for the connecting element conceivable.

According to a further preferred embodiment, dowels and / or flat pieces are inserted as anti-rotation and / or positioning aid in the end faces of the miter cut.

The corner joint according to the invention is particularly suitable for mitred frame parts. The above-mentioned advantages are also partially realized in a corner joint, which has a blunt impact or a counter profiling.

• Bereitstellen von Stangen, deren Profil dem der Rahmenteile des herzustellenden Fensterrahmens entspricht und deren Länge ein mehrfaches größer ist als die Länge eines Rahmenteiles,
• Schneiden der Stangen vor Ort in Rahmenteile,
• Bohren von ersten Bohrungen in die Stirnflächen der Rahmenteile,
• Bohren von zweiten Bohrungen in die Rahmenteile senkrecht und zumindest bis zu den ersten Bohrungen,
• Einsetzen von zumindest einem Verbindungselement aus einem Material, das härter ist als das Material der Rahmenteile, in die ersten Bohrungen, wobei das Verbindungselement Bohrungen aufweist, die nach dem Einsetzen des Verbindungselementes in die ersten Bohrungen einen Versatz in Bezug auf die zweiten Bohrungen aufweisen, und
• Eintreiben von Spannstiften in die zweiten Bohrungen und in die Bohrungen in dem Verbindungselement, um den Versatz zumindest im wesentlichen aufzuheben.

The invention also teaches a method of manufacturing a window frame or the like made of wood, a wood material or plastic, comprising the following steps:

• Providing rods whose profile corresponds to that of the frame parts of the window frame to be produced and whose length is several times greater than the length of a frame part,
• Cutting the bars on site in frame parts,
• Drilling first holes in the end faces of the frame parts,
• Drilling second holes in the frame parts vertically and at least until the first holes,
• Insertion of at least one connecting element of a material which is harder than the material of the frame parts, in the first bores, wherein the connecting element has bores which have an offset with respect to the second bores after insertion of the connecting element in the first bores, and
• Driving dowel pins into the second holes and into the holes in the connector to at least substantially cancel the offset.

According to the invention, third bores (34, 36, 34a, 36a) are drilled into the frame parts (10, 12), which lead to the first bores (16, 18, 16a, 18a), so that an adhesive penetrates through one of the third bores into the first holes and from there into another of the third holes can be pressed.

Figur 1

eine Draufsicht auf eine Fenster-Eckverbindung;

Figur 2

einen Schnitt durch ein Rahmenteil und ein Verbindungselement;

Figur 3

eine Draufsicht auf eine Stirnfläche eines Rahmenteiles am Gehrungsschnitt mit Bohrungen für das Verbindungselement und Dübel;

Figur 4

eine Stirnflächenansicht entsprechend Figur 3 mit einem gefrästen Schlitz anstelle der Dübel-Bohrungen;

Figur 5

eine Draufsicht auf ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel einer Eckverbindung;

Figur 6

ein Verbindungselement;

Figur 7

unterschiedliche Querschnitte eines Verbindungselements; und

Figur 8

eine Variante einer Fenster-Eckverbindung mit stumpfem Stoß oder einer Konterprofilierung.

Embodiments of the invention will be described in more detail with reference to the drawings. It shows schematically:

FIG. 1

a plan view of a window corner joint;

FIG. 2

a section through a frame part and a connecting element;

FIG. 3

a plan view of an end face of a frame part at the miter cut with holes for the connecting element and dowels;

FIG. 4

an end view corresponding to Figure 3 with a milled slot instead of the dowel holes;

FIG. 5

a plan view of another embodiment of a corner joint;

FIG. 6

a connecting element;

FIG. 7

different cross sections of a connecting element; and

FIG. 8

a variant of a window corner joint with blunt joint or a counter profiling.

Figure 1 shows a corner of a window frame. The remaining parts of the window frame are omitted for ease of illustration. Two frame parts 10, 12 made of wood are joined together on a miter cut 14. This corner joint will be described in more detail below.

For the corner joint, a first bore 16 is guided in the frame part 10 (shown with a dashed line). Analogously, a further first bore 18 is guided in the other frame part 12.

A connecting element 20, for example made of metal, is inserted into the holes. For example, before assembly of the window frame, the connecting element 20 can be inserted with its leg 22 in the first bore 16 and then then the leg 24 of the connecting element in the further first bore 18 in the other frame part 12, initially roughly the position shown in Figure 1 is reached. Figure 1 also shows at the ends of the frame parts 10 and 12 respectively the cross section through the frame parts, wherein the cross sections are "unfolded", i. the sections actually taken perpendicular to the plane of the drawing are rotated by 90 °, so that they can be represented in FIG.

In the frame parts 10 and 12 respectively second holes 26 and 28 are provided, which are attached in Figure 1 perpendicular to the drawing plane and pass through the holes 16 and 18 and exit on the opposite side of the bore, but not to the outer surface of the Frame parts go (see Figure 4). The second bores 26, 28 serve to receive clamping pins (not shown), which are driven into the bores 26, 28. Accordingly, in the connecting element 20 holes (holes) 30, 32 are formed, which are aligned only approximately with the said holes 26, 28 in the wood according to Figure 1. The diameters of the holes 26, 28, 30, 32 are equal and correspond to the diameters of the (not shown) dowel pins. The dowel pins are made of metal, for example.

According to Figure 1, the holes 26 and 30 as well as the holes 28 and 32 an offset from each other. Figure 1 shows the state of the corner joint during assembly, but before the final state, which is achieved in the assembly. The offset shown in Figure 1 between said holes is therefore given due to the predetermined dimensions of the components when the frame parts are on the miter cut 14 fed but without special voltage to each other. In this state according to FIG. 1, the connecting element 20 also does not exert any strong force on the inner walls of the bores 16, 18. Dowel described below, angle dowel or a so-called shape spring, can in this condition further stabilize the corner joint and in particular cause a rotation.

If then the dowel pins in the holes 26, 30 and 28, 32 driven, then the pointed end (not shown) of the dowel pin meets the arrangement shown in Figure 1 of the two holes with the offset shown. The offset "E" describes the distance of the center axes of the two holes in the direction perpendicular to the associated first bore 16 and 18. The offset "F" describes the distance between the center axes of the holes in the direction of the associated first bore 16 and 18, as in Figure 1 is shown.

If the two spiked dowel pins at their driven front ends meet the staggered holes 16, 30 or 28, 32 according to FIG. 1, then the offsets "E" and "F" are canceled, i. the bore 26 is aligned with the bore 30 at the end of the driving of the dowel pin (i.e., the central axes of the two bores lie substantially at the same location) and the bores 28 and 32 also lose their offset. As a result, the connecting element 20 is pressed inwardly against the associated inner wall in the bores 16 and 18 by generating clamping force on both legs 22, 24. Accordingly, the miter 14 is closed exactly and under tension. The corner joint already has a very good strength.

Subsequently, an adhesive is injected into one of the third bores 34, 36, for example the bore 34, which completely fills the bore 16, enters the bore 18 around the corner and exits the frame part 12 again from the other third bore 36. In this case, it is ensured due to the illustrated arrangement of the bore that the adhesive spreads completely and on all sides in the cavities and in particular the connection element surrounds all sides full. For this purpose, recesses 46 (compare also FIG. 6) in the connecting element 20 are conducive. In particular, the adhesive also fills the clearance 38 between the connecting element 20 and the outer wall of the bores 16 or 18. The result is a complete one Positive connection between the connecting element 20, the adhesive and the wood. The adhesive adheres completely to all interior walls of the holes in the wood. In this way, the corner joint is stabilized and it is also achieved that the force exerted by the connecting element 20 on the wood parts forces is introduced over a large area in the wood, so that no adverse deformations occur in the wood. The surface pressure is largely reduced. Any existing inhomogeneities in the wood remain without adverse consequences.

Figure 2 shows a section along the line I-II in Figure 1 with another embodiment of the connecting element 22a. While in the embodiment of Figure 1, the connecting element is a piece of flat iron (see Figure 7, above), in the embodiment of Figure 2, the connecting element 22a is bolt-shaped, i. has a circular cross-section (see also Figure 7, center).

In addition, Figure 2 still shows holes 42 for dowels, which provide in the miter cut for a rotation.

Figure 3 shows the hole pattern in an end face of the frame parts 10 (analogous to the frame part 12) with the holes 16 (for the connecting element 20) and the holes 42 for dowels (not shown). These holes can be made in a very simple manner without expensive machines, for example with a simple template and a drilling tool. This work does not have to be carried out with high demands on the accuracy and the machine cost of the manufacturer of the system goods, but can be performed in a simple manner "on site", so for example in a carpentry or the like near the construction site.

Figure 4 shows a modified hole pattern of an end face of a frame part on the miter cut 14, wherein instead of the holes for the dowel in the embodiment of Figure 4, a slot-like milling 44 is provided, into which a plate can be used, which analogous to the dowels causes a rotation.

Figure 5 shows a modified embodiment of a corner joint, wherein the modification consists essentially in that the connecting element 20a is not angled. Accordingly, the holes 16a, 18a extend in the frame parts 10 and 12 coaxially. In FIGS. 1 and 5, corresponding or functionally similar components are provided with the same reference numbers, in each case supplemented by the suffix "a". In the embodiment of Figure 5, the offset "K" in the direction of the longitudinal axis of both the rectilinear connecting element 20a and the coaxial bores 16a, 18a. Even the offset "K" is largely removed when driving the dowel pins (not shown), so that the miter is closed accurately.

FIG. 6 shows an exemplary embodiment of a connecting element 20, as used, for example, in FIG.

FIG. 7 shows different configurations of cross sections of the connecting element 20 along the line III-IV according to FIG. 6.

FIG. 8 shows a modification of the exemplary embodiment of a corner joint illustrated in FIGS. 1 to 7 in that, instead of a miter cut 14, a blunt bump 14a is provided between the frame parts 10a and 12a. A connecting element 20b, analogous to the connecting element 20a according to FIG. 5, connects the frame parts 10a, 12a to the joining surface 14a. The term "joint surface" thus includes both a miter cut 14 (FIG. 1) and a joint surface 14a with a blunt joint according to FIG. 8. Holes 30b, 32b cooperating with the connecting element 20a are indicated in FIG. The function corresponds to that of FIG. 5 and its description.

Claims (10)

1. Corner joint for a window frame or the like of wood, derived timber product or plastics, the frame parts (10, 12) of which are connected in the corner at a joining area (14, 14a), said joint comprising

   - first bores (16, 18) in the frame parts (10, 12), which start at the front faces of the joining area (14, 14a);

   - at least one connecting element (20, 20a) of a material that is harder than the material of the frame parts (10, 12) and is introduced into the first bores (16, 18);

   - second bores (26, 28; 26a) in the frame parts (10, 12), which extend perpendicular with respect to and at least up to the first bores (16, 18);

   - bores (30, 32; 30a) in the connecting element (20; 20a) which are aligned with the second bores (26, 28; 26a) except for an offset (E, F; K) that exists before the window frame is assembled, and

   - dowel pins which are driven into the second bores (26, 28, 26a) and the bores (30, 32; 30a) in the connecting element (20, 20a) while at least partially removing the offset,

   characterized by

   - third bores (34, 36; 34a, 36a) in the frame parts (10, 12), which lead up to the first bores (16, 18; 16a, 18a) so that an adhesive can be pressed through one of the third bores into the first bores and from there into another one of the third bores.
2. Corner joint according to claim 1, characterized in that the connecting element (20) comprises two legs (22, 24) arranged at a right angle with respect to each other.
3. Corner joint according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the connecting element (20; 20a) has smaller dimensions in each direction than the first bores (16, 18; 16a, 18a).
4. Corner joint according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the connecting element (20; 20a) is a piece of flat metal.
5. Corner joint according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the connecting element comprises pin-shaped parts.
6. Corner joint according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the offset has both a component (E) vertical to the direction of the first bore (18) and a component (F) parallel to the direction of the first bore (18).
7. Corner joint according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the offset it 0.3 to 1 mm.
8. Corner joint according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the dowel pins have a diameter corresponding to the diameters of the second bores (26, 28) and of the bores (30, 32) in the connecting element (20).
9. Corner joint according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by plugs and/or flat pieces which are inserted as anti-twist devices in the front faces of the mitre cut (14).
10. Method of manufacturing a window frame or the like of wood, a derived timer product or plastics, comprising the following steps:

    - providing rods the profile of which corresponds to that of the frame parts (10, 12) of the window frame to be manufactured and the length of which is many times greater than the length of a frame part;

    - cutting the rods to lengths of the frame parts (10, 12) on the spot;

    - drilling first bores (16, 18) into the front faces of the frame parts (10, 12);

    - drilling second bores (26, 28) into the frame parts (10, 12) perpendicularly with respect to and at least up to the first bores (16, 18);

    - inserting at least one connecting element (20), which consists of a material that is harder than the material of the frame part, into the first bores, said connecting element having bores (30, 32) which, after the insertion of the connecting element into the first bores, have an offset (E, F, K) with respect to the second bores (26, 28), and

    - driving dowel pins into the second bores (26, 28) and into the bores (30, 32) in the connecting element in order to remove the offset at least essentially,

    characterized by the step of

    - drilling third bores (34, 36; 34a, 36a) into the frame parts (10, 12) which lead up to the first bores (16, 18; 16 a, 18a) so that an adhesive can be pressed through one of the third bores into the first bores and from there into another one of the third bores.

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