EP1574432B1 - Dual contact system for folding in a concertina-fashion - Google Patents

Dual contact system for folding in a concertina-fashion Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1574432B1
EP1574432B1 EP04005621A EP04005621A EP1574432B1 EP 1574432 B1 EP1574432 B1 EP 1574432B1 EP 04005621 A EP04005621 A EP 04005621A EP 04005621 A EP04005621 A EP 04005621A EP 1574432 B1 EP1574432 B1 EP 1574432B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
folding
stretch film
roller
film
stretch
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP04005621A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1574432A1 (en
Inventor
Per Lachenmeier
Flemming Thomsen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Illinois Tool Works Inc
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Lachenmeier ApS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to PL04005621T priority Critical patent/PL1574432T3/en
Priority to AT04005621T priority patent/ATE362874T1/en
Priority to EP04005621A priority patent/EP1574432B1/en
Priority to DK04005621T priority patent/DK1574432T3/en
Priority to ES04005621T priority patent/ES2283893T3/en
Application filed by Lachenmeier ApS filed Critical Lachenmeier ApS
Priority to DE502004003875T priority patent/DE502004003875D1/en
Priority to PT04005621T priority patent/PT1574432E/en
Publication of EP1574432A1 publication Critical patent/EP1574432A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1574432B1 publication Critical patent/EP1574432B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65BMACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B11/00Wrapping, e.g. partially or wholly enclosing, articles or quantities of material, in strips, sheets or blanks, of flexible material
    • B65B11/58Applying two or more wrappers, e.g. in succession
    • B65B11/585Applying two or more wrappers, e.g. in succession to stacked articles, e.g. pallettised loads
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65BMACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B9/00Enclosing successive articles, or quantities of material, e.g. liquids or semiliquids, in flat, folded, or tubular webs of flexible sheet material; Subdividing filled flexible tubes to form packages
    • B65B9/10Enclosing successive articles, or quantities of material, in preformed tubular webs, or in webs formed into tubes around filling nozzles, e.g. extruded tubular webs
    • B65B9/13Enclosing successive articles, or quantities of material, in preformed tubular webs, or in webs formed into tubes around filling nozzles, e.g. extruded tubular webs the preformed tubular webs being supplied in a flattened state
    • B65B9/135Enclosing successive articles, or quantities of material, in preformed tubular webs, or in webs formed into tubes around filling nozzles, e.g. extruded tubular webs the preformed tubular webs being supplied in a flattened state for palletised loads

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for wrapping preferably palletized piece goods with a tubular or hood-shaped stretch film according to the preamble of claim 1, as well as a corresponding method according to the preamble of claim 14.
  • Devices for wrapping general cargo are, as far as their basic components are concerned, usually designed like the device described by European patent application 0 344 815 A1. They regularly consist of a machine frame, on which a lifting frame (in approximately vertical direction) can be moved up and down.
  • the lifting frame usually carries the reef brackets, which in turn can be moved relative to the lifting frame in the transverse direction (ie in approximately horizontal direction) in order to stretch the stretch film after the stretch film has impacted the reef brackets in the transverse direction, ie to stretch elastically, ie the so-called horizontal stretch to be able to produce.
  • a horizontal or transverse stretch of 10% to well over 50%, based on the unstretched dimensions of the stretch film in the transverse direction, is usual.
  • the reef bars can be designed very differently.
  • the possibilities here range from a very simple, finger-like design up to the rewinding tabs, which are often T-shaped in shape, comprising a substantially vertical shaft for receiving the reefed stretch films and a substantially horizontally extending one having a certain radius of curvature executed section which forms the relevant corner of the foil held on the reef straps held round.
  • the reef bows are regularly inserted into the inner, lower end of the tubular or hood-shaped stretch film.
  • each Reffbügel is assigned a Refforgan in the form of a motor-driven Refrefolle.
  • the Refforgan can be moved up to the relevant reefing bar so that its reefing roll presses on the stretch film using the reefing bar as an abutment and thus pulls the stretch film onto the reefing bar, thus taking advantage of the frictional forces that occur.
  • the stretched stretch film then settles in said accordion-like folds on the reefing bars.
  • the finished stretched stretch film section is then transversely traversed by a corresponding process of reefing, i.d.R. stretched in a largely horizontal direction.
  • any wrinkles and in particular the said accordion-like folds are strongly pressed against one another.
  • two or more layers of stretch film strongly pressed against each other at various points - as seen in the horizontal direction - lie on each other, so it forms wrinkles, which can be described as "Überlappfalten".
  • the coefficient of friction "film against film” is generally smaller than the coefficient of friction "film against reefing bow”.
  • reef bars (during the stretch film coating process) in motion and sliding along the reefing bars tend to pull apart along the reefing bars as they slide so that the overlap is removed before the overlap patches reach the top edge of the reefing bar reached.
  • individual overlapping creases do not pull apart fast enough, but jump off unsurfaced from the reef bar.
  • the reefing bow seen in the vertical direction, run sufficiently long and the impact on the reef bar betechnikstelligenden Refforgane with their driven Reffrolen each about in the middle of the reefing bar, or far enough away from the trigger-side upper edge of the reefing, to let attack, so that below the reefing rolls stretch film is stretched accordion-shaped and above the reforwarding, due to their tensile forces, the stretch film hood over a not too small distance smoothly rests on the extended area of the reefing.
  • larger dimensions of the reef bar is undesirable. It leads to additional construction costs, in particular to a greater overall height of the plants and especially increases the way that must be covered in the vertical direction of the reefing brackets or holding them lifting frame in each packaging process. This affects the working speed of the device, which is of particular importance.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object to provide a device and a method of the generic type, which is or quickly and by simple means capable of a side surfaces enveloping stretch film section so aufrefeffen on the reefing, so that the risk After stretching, when the film is pulled off, overlapping creases reach critical areas of the reef bows, is substantially reduced and the film is not pulled or damaged thinly in these areas.
  • each Refforgan has Reff beautifyingen with which it can act at least temporarily simultaneously in two spaced apart in the refraction zones on the stretch film that the between the two zones located stretch film section is arranged without overlapping on the respective reefing brackets.
  • each Refforgan at least a first refreshment and a reference to the Aufreffraum subsequently arranged second train role, wherein the Refrefolle when Aufreff desert the device at its passing with the stretch film in contact circumference has a lower peripheral speed than the tension roller, so that between the refresher and the pull roll located stretch film section is drawn, preferably stretched and is arranged without overlap on the respective reefbügeln. Any wrinkles that may be in the area between the zones will be pulled smoothly in both the impact and peeling.
  • the two said zones are spaced so far apart that the Kochlappfalten reliably dissolve. Ie. that only in a few cases overlap gaps between the zones are present and can reach the critical area. This effect is advantageously achieved both when the film meets the reefing bars and when the film is removed therefrom.
  • each Reforgan has two drivable, with respect to the Aufreffraum successively arranged Reff beauen that are formed by roles, namely a first refreshment and a second, arranged behind traction roller whose distance from each other is advantageously adjustable.
  • the device is designed so that the refroll, so that role to which the film meets at the beginning of Aufreffvorgangs first turn at its passing with the stretch film in contact circumference at a slower peripheral speed than the second, that subsequent traction roller, so that between The stretch film section located on the rollers is pulled or smoothed or pulled without creases during the impact.
  • Such pulling causes any wrinkles which have occurred in the region between the two rollers when the hood is hit to be reliably pulled apart.
  • the device is designed so that the stretch film during operation of the device at at least one point on an imaginary, direct connecting line between the said zones neither comes with the reefing bars nor with the Refforganen in touch.
  • it is particularly effective to smooth wrinkles that have fallen into the area between the two rollers when they are picked up and pulled off. Because wrinkles that may have entered this area can easily be pulled apart in such a design, since the friction of the individual film layers in the region of the folds is lifted as soon as the relevant fold on the direct line connecting the said zones neither with the reefing bars nor with the Refforganen in Touch comes. Any force acting perpendicular to the fold and which could frictionally hold the fold together is canceled.
  • a design of the device of the type is particularly preferable in which one of the two rollers presses the stretch film against an elastically resilient region of the respective reefer bracket during operation of the device.
  • a particularly effective interaction of the two roles is ensured in their effect and avoided in any case an overload of the film in the area between the two roles.
  • slip if necessary can occur between the film and the roller.
  • the spring force of the elastically resilient region is adjustable, so that it can be precisely tuned when slip occurs.
  • At least one of the two rollers preferably the tension roller, so that they do not pass continuously with the stretch film when rolling on the stretch film in contact. This favors the pulling apart of wrinkles that have come into contact with the area between the rollers.
  • the device can be simplified if you only positive when pulling the train, d. H. motor, drives and the Refrefolle drives negative when operating the device, d. H. slows. Even then arises between these two roles a tensile stress, which reliably pulls out when encountered in the area between the two roles wrinkles.
  • rollers each have their own, independently operable motor drive and / or independently operable Zustellorgane.
  • the advantage is nevertheless to be given in the following of the figures for the specific embodiment, structurally very simple and very reliable solution that is suitable under certain conditions even for retrofitting existing systems, as on the piston rod of the delivery device instead of the previous single refresh with their engine only the roller tandem must be placed, which is also driven by only a single reef motor thanks to the chain or belt drive and therefore does not require any fundamental changes in the control of the machine.
  • the procedural part of the object is achieved by the method according to claim 14, wherein on the stretch film during the impact by the Refforgane each by means of two spaced-apart Reff beauen at least temporarily simultaneously in two spaced apart in Aufreffraum zones on the stretch film is acted upon that of Termination of the impact between the two zones located stretch film section is arranged without overlapping on the respective reef bracket.
  • any wrinkles that may be in the area between the zones are also pulled smoothly so that they can not get into the critical area of the upper edge of the reefing bar.
  • the device according to the invention which is not shown here in its entirety, consists essentially of the known basic components mentioned at the beginning in connection with the discussion of the prior art, which can be designed or modified in many ways. Numerous other well-known components that go to the complete Carrying out a packaging process of the type in question are required - depending on the individual case - added.
  • Fig. 1 shows one of usually four - but occasionally more, about six or eight - Reffbügeln 1, as well as this associated Refforgan 2.
  • the reef bracket 1 is intended to be mounted on a drive, the him along an arrow S in the horizontal direction - and can move.
  • the Refforgan 2 consists of a feed device 4, here in the preferred form of an advantageously pneumatically operated feed cylinder, consisting of a Refrefolle 5a and a tension roller 5b Reffrios, a two rollers driving Reffmotors 3 and a care for the required translation chain or Belt drive 6.
  • the feed device 4 is controlled accordingly and ensures that the refroll 5a and the pull roller 5b can be moved to their working position and withdrawn at any time from its working position, respectively by a movement to the left or right along an arrow V.
  • Die Feed device 4 is usually mounted with its base 7 on the same drive unit, which also moves the reef bracket 1 along the arrow S back and forth. In this way, it is ensured by simple means that the Refforgan 2 is moved back together with the Reffbügel 1 when moving apart of the reefing brackets for the purpose of cross-stretching the stretch film.
  • the reef bar 1 has a critical region K at its upper edge on the discharge side.
  • this critical region K only a few, preferably almost no, overlap creases should pass from a stretch film reserve 8 held up by a stretched film supply. This is because in the critical region K, the bow section changes greatly.
  • the reefing bow tapers locally in the area of the constriction 9, whereas it subsequently expands the film even more in the area of the upper bow part 10. If the film slides along this area K, its load changes in quick succession. Because of this, overlapping creases should as far as possible not reach this area, otherwise they increase the risk of film thinning or cracking under the influence of this fast load change.
  • the critical range K is in the usual, used in practice systems in the area of the upper edge of the reef bar. Alternatively, however, is the use from top to bottom almost smooth reefing without significant cross-sectional changes conceivable, with such reefing bars designed it is then only to prevent that Matterlappfalten "jump off" of the reefing.
  • the Refforgane be delivered, so that the stretch film between the free-running roller 11 and the refroll 5a is frictionally held.
  • the reef motor 3 is started, whereupon the stretch film is pulled by the frictional contact with the refining roller 5a on the reef bar 1, down.
  • the lower end of the stretch film tube is also frictionally engaged by the downstream tension roller 5b.
  • the refining roller 5a acts via a first contact zone (zone Z1) and the tension roller 5b via a second contact zone (zone Z2).
  • the chain or belt transmission 6 interconnecting the two rollers is designed in this embodiment such that the downstream tension roller 5b rotates faster than the refining roller 5a, the film which is located between the two rollers 5a and 5b is in the area between the two Contact zones (Z1 and Z2) pulled tight and even temporarily extended by a certain amount depending on the difference in the rotational speeds of the two rollers 5a and 5b.
  • the lower traction roller 5b is not supported in its operating position advantageously directly on a substantially rigid portion of the reefing bow 10, but rather cooperates with a bracket 12, seen in the horizontal direction by a screw 14 fastened and spring loaded in the horizontal direction by means of a screw 13 held compression spring in that a pressure of the Ironing 12 is realized to the tension roller.
  • the bracket 12 may also be mounted resiliently pivotable. In this case, the bracket 12 limits the force that can apply the tension roller 5b on the film. This also limits the frictional forces that the tension roller 5b can apply to the film.
  • the spring force with which the bracket 12 is held adjustable, which is not shown here.
  • a helpful contribution to the elimination of wrinkles or to the improvement of the smoothing is also provided by the profile of the tension roller 5b.
  • This profile consists of individual, circumferentially elastic studs 17, between each of which are wide distances (profile gaps). In this way, a rapidly increasing and decreasing tensile load is applied to the film located between the two rollers 5a and 5b, which optimizes the result.
  • the vertical extent of the region G that is actually required in the individual case can be easily determined by the person skilled in the art. It depends on the parameters set by the device and the film to be used (coefficient of friction between the reef bar and the film, between the film and the film, the speed of the stretch film over the load, the concrete geometry of the reef bar, the degree of horizontal and possibly vertical stretching, etc .) of the desired reliability, d. H. from the degree of security with which the skilled person wants to prevent overlapping creases from reaching the critical region K. As a rule, there is an optimal compromise between the required compactness of the reef bow on the one hand and a sufficiently reliable avoidance of overlap creases in the critical region K on the other hand.
  • the region G is located between the critical region K and the region ZH, in which the film supply 8 is alsziehffont accordion-like.
  • the bracket 12 in its altitude, d. H. in the vertical direction be kept adjustable on the reef bracket 1, while additionally / or alternatively the distance between the rollers 5a, 5b can be adjustable.
  • the result described above can also be achieved under certain circumstances by, for example, pivotally supporting the tension roller 5b and delivering it separately just before completion of the refining operation in such a way that it interacts with the refining roller 5a.
  • the preferred solution is designed as shown in the figures illustrating the preferred embodiment. Because in such an embodiment of the construction effort is kept low and also reduces the risk of error, which is approximately the result that it can come through the subsequent delivery of the tension roller 5b under unfavorable circumstances to an undesirable foil rope or the like.
  • rollers 5a and 5b must also be seen in Aufreffraum not absolutely accurate with each other. A certain, not significantly disturbing lateral function offset between the two rollers 5a and 5b is permitted.
  • the loosely deposited film located on the reef bows after impacting is first stretched in a substantially horizontal direction as a result of a movement apart of the reefing bows and reforgants made in a substantially horizontal direction as a function of the material to be packed.
  • the tensile force of the foil which is now stretched in a substantially horizontal direction, causes the overlapping creases 18 lying one above the other in the area ZH of the stretch foil reserve 8 loosely placed during the application process to be tight against the reef bows under considerable stress in the region ZH.
  • the tension roller 5b continues to be supported in its operating position on the bracket 12 mounted in a floating manner in the horizontal direction, in order to be so to maintain the smoothing effect in the region G between zones Z1 and Z2 even during the peeling operation.
  • the lower traction roller 5b is supported in its operating position advantageously on a bracket 12, which is seen in the horizontal direction fixed by the screw 14 and spring loaded in the horizontal direction over a held by a screw 13 compression spring so far that a pressure of the bracket 12th is realized on the pull roller.
  • the bracket may instead of such, preferably floating support be mounted spring-hinged.
  • the storage or the drive of the tension roller 5b such that these during Aufreffvorgangs accordingly on the reef motor 3 can be driven in Aufreffraum to ensure the difference in the peripheral speeds of the two rollers 5a and 5b and thus to achieve the desired smoothing in the G, the storage or the drive of the tension roller 5b, however, in addition to a freewheel is equipped, which allows the running of the pull roller 5b with the film in the withdrawal direction during the removal process.
  • the refining roller 5a and the tension roller 5b have almost the same circumferential speed.
  • a particularly low-friction, elaborately designed freewheel is not necessary here, since the frictional forces of the tension roller 5b or the freewheel are rather desirable, since it exerts a certain, albeit slight, braking effect on the film, which in turn now produces the desired smoothing effect the removal process has the consequence.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Basic Packing Technique (AREA)
  • Windings For Motors And Generators (AREA)
  • Artificial Fish Reefs (AREA)
  • Cultivation Of Seaweed (AREA)
  • Water Treatment By Electricity Or Magnetism (AREA)
  • Air Bags (AREA)
  • Undergarments, Swaddling Clothes, Handkerchiefs Or Underwear Materials (AREA)
  • Folding Of Thin Sheet-Like Materials, Special Discharging Devices, And Others (AREA)

Abstract

The device has stretching devices and a stretch tightening clamp for stretch tightening a hood like stretch foil (15) that is stretched in a cross-wise direction over individual good to be packed. Each stretching device has two stretching units, which simultaneously act in two contact areas (Z1, Z2) such that the foil sections located between the areas are arranged on the clamp without one overlapping the other. Each stretching device includes rollers that are driven by a single motor. An independent claim is also included for a process for wrapping palletized individual goods.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zum Umhüllen von vorzugsweise palettiertem Stückgut mit einer schlauch- oder haubenförmigen Stretchfolie nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1, sowie ein entsprechendes Verfahren nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 14.The invention relates to a device for wrapping preferably palletized piece goods with a tubular or hood-shaped stretch film according to the preamble of claim 1, as well as a corresponding method according to the preamble of claim 14.

Vorrichtungen zum Umhüllen von Stückgütern sind, was ihre Grundkomponenten betrifft, üblicherweise wie die von der europäischen Patentanmeldung 0 344 815 A1 beschriebene Vorrichtung ausgeführt. Sie bestehen regelmäßig aus einem Maschinengestell, an dem ein Hubrahmen (in annähernd vertikaler Richtung) auf und ab verfahrbar ist. Der Hubrahmen trägt üblicherweise die Reffbügel, die ihrerseits gegenüber dem Hubrahmen in Querrichtung (also in annähernd horizontaler Richtung) verfahrbar sind, um die Stretchfolie nach dem Aufreffen der Stretchfolie auf die Reffbügel in Querrichtung zu stretchen, d. h. elastisch dehnen zu können, also den sogenannten Horizontalstretch erzeugen zu können. Üblich ist ein Horizontal- bzw. Querstretch von 10 % bis deutlich über 50 %, bezogen auf die ungedehnten Abmessungen der Stretchfolie in Querrichtung. Die Reffbügel können sehr verschieden ausgestaltet sein. Die Möglichkeiten reichen hier von einer sehr einfachen, fingerartigen Gestaltung bis hin zu den für ein stärkeres Stretchen vorgesehenen Reffbügeln, die oft eine T-ähnliche Gestalt besitzen, indem sie aus einem im wesentlichen vertikal verlaufenden Schaft zur Aufnahme der gerefften Stretchfolien und einem davon getragenen, im wesentlichen horizontal verlaufenden, mit einem bestimmten Krümmungsradius ausgeführten Abschnitt bestehen, der die betreffende Ecke der auf den Reffbügeln aufgespannt gehaltenen Folie rund formt. Um eine schlauch- oder haubenförmige Stretchfolie aufzureffen, werden die Reffbügel regelmäßig in das innere, untere Ende der schlauch- oder haubenförmigen Stretchfolie eingeführt. Mittels Refforganen wird dann der Abschnitt der Stretchfolie, der später die Seitenflächen der zu verpackenden Ladung bedecken soll, auf die Reffbügel aufgerefft.Devices for wrapping general cargo are, as far as their basic components are concerned, usually designed like the device described by European patent application 0 344 815 A1. They regularly consist of a machine frame, on which a lifting frame (in approximately vertical direction) can be moved up and down. The lifting frame usually carries the reef brackets, which in turn can be moved relative to the lifting frame in the transverse direction (ie in approximately horizontal direction) in order to stretch the stretch film after the stretch film has impacted the reef brackets in the transverse direction, ie to stretch elastically, ie the so-called horizontal stretch to be able to produce. A horizontal or transverse stretch of 10% to well over 50%, based on the unstretched dimensions of the stretch film in the transverse direction, is usual. The reef bars can be designed very differently. The possibilities here range from a very simple, finger-like design up to the rewinding tabs, which are often T-shaped in shape, comprising a substantially vertical shaft for receiving the reefed stretch films and a substantially horizontally extending one having a certain radius of curvature executed section which forms the relevant corner of the foil held on the reef straps held round. To refill a tubular or hood-shaped stretch film, the reef bows are regularly inserted into the inner, lower end of the tubular or hood-shaped stretch film. By means of Refforganen then the portion of the stretch film, which is later to cover the side surfaces of the cargo to be packaged, aufgerefft on the reefing.

Als Refforgan wird im hiesigen Zusammenhang derjenige Teil der Vorrichtung verstanden, der zum Aufreffen der Stretchfolie mit dieser in Kontakt gebracht wird und mittels seines Antriebes in geeigneter Weise Kräfte auf die Stretchfolie aufbringt, so dass diese unter Überwindung der an den Reffbügeln auftretenden Reibungskräfte in ziehharmonika-artigen Falten auf die Reffbügel aufgerefft wird. Üblicherweise ist jedem Reffbügel ein Refforgan in Form einer motorisch angetriebenen Reffrolle zugeordnet. Das Refforgan kann im Regelfall so an den betreffenden Reffbügel herangefahren werden, dass dessen Reffrolle unter Verwendung des Reffbügels als Widerlager auf die Stretchfolie drückt und so unter Ausnutzung der auftretenden Reibungskräfte die Stretchfolie auf die Reffbügel zieht, also aufreffen kann. Die aufgereffte Stretchfolie lagert sich dann in besagten ziehharmonika-artigen Falten auf den Reffbügeln ab.As a Refforgan in the local context that part of the device is understood, which is brought to meet the stretch film in contact and applied by his drive in a suitable manner forces on the stretch film, so that this overcoming the friction occurring at the reefing bars in ziehharmonika like wrinkles on the reefing brackets. Usually, each Reffbügel is assigned a Refforgan in the form of a motor-driven Refrefolle. As a rule, the Refforgan can be moved up to the relevant reefing bar so that its reefing roll presses on the stretch film using the reefing bar as an abutment and thus pulls the stretch film onto the reefing bar, thus taking advantage of the frictional forces that occur. The stretched stretch film then settles in said accordion-like folds on the reefing bars.

Der fertig aufgereffte Stretchfolienabschnitt wird sodann durch entsprechendes Verfahren der Reffbügel quergestretcht, also i.d.R. in weitgehend horizontaler Richtung gestretcht. Dabei werden jegliche Falten und insbesondere die besagten ziehharmonika-artigen Falten stark aneinandergepresst. Dadurch kommen an diversen Stellen zwei oder mehrere Lagen von Stretchfolie stark aneinander angepresst - in horizontaler Richtung gesehen - aufeinander zu liegen, es bilden sich also Falten, die man als "Überlappfalten" bezeichnen kann.The finished stretched stretch film section is then transversely traversed by a corresponding process of reefing, i.d.R. stretched in a largely horizontal direction. In doing so, any wrinkles and in particular the said accordion-like folds are strongly pressed against one another. As a result, two or more layers of stretch film strongly pressed against each other at various points - as seen in the horizontal direction - lie on each other, so it forms wrinkles, which can be described as "Überlappfalten".

Der Reibungskoeffizient "Folie gegen Folie" ist im allgemeinen kleiner als der Reibungskoeffizient "Folie gegen Reffbügel". Die zunächst beim Abziehen der Stretchfolie von den Reffbügeln (während des Stretchfolienüberziehvorganges) in Bewegung geratenden und auf den Reffbügeln entlanggleitenden Überlappfalten haben im Idealfall daher die Tendenz, sich im Zuge des Gleitens entlang der Reffbügel soweit auseinander zu ziehen, dass die Überlappung aufgehoben wird, bevor die Überlappfalte die obere Kante des betreffenden Reffbügels erreicht. Gleichwohl kommt es immer wieder vor, dass einzelne Überlappfalten sich nicht schnell genug auseinanderziehen, sondern ungeglättet vom Reffbügel abspringen. In diesem Fall kommt es zu einem peitschenden Auseinanderziehen der Überlappfalte, deren einzelne Folienlagen nicht mehr reibschlüssig gegeneinander gedrückt werden, sobald die Falte vom Reffbügel abgezogen wurde. Dies führt nicht selten zum Dünnziehen der Stretchfolie und damit zum Einreißen.The coefficient of friction "film against film" is generally smaller than the coefficient of friction "film against reefing bow". The first when pulling the stretch film from the Ideally, reef bars (during the stretch film coating process) in motion and sliding along the reefing bars tend to pull apart along the reefing bars as they slide so that the overlap is removed before the overlap patches reach the top edge of the reefing bar reached. Nevertheless, it happens again and again that individual overlapping creases do not pull apart fast enough, but jump off unsurfaced from the reef bar. In this case, there is a whipping apart the overlapping pals whose individual film layers are no longer frictionally pressed against each other as soon as the fold was subtracted from the reefing bar. This often leads to thin drawing of the stretch film and thus to tearing.

Weiterhin kann es bei modernen Reffbügeln bereits dann zu einem Einreißen der Folie kommen, wenn eine Überlappfalte auch nur den Bereich der abzugsseitigen Oberkante des betreffenden Reffbügels erreicht und erst dort auseinandergezogen wird. Denn moderne Reffbügel sind so gestaltet, dass die höchste Beanspruchung der Stretchfolienhaube im Bereich der abzugsseitigen Oberkante der Reffbügel auftritt.Furthermore, in the case of modern reef bows, tearing of the foil may already occur if an overlapping pawl also only reaches the area of the top edge of the relevant reefing hanger on the haul-off side and is only pulled apart there. Because modern reef bars are designed in such a way that the highest stress on the stretch film hood occurs in the area of the top edge of the reef hanger on the discharge side.

In der Praxis sind bereits verschiedene Lösungsansätze bekannt geworden, um dem gerecht zu werden.In practice, various approaches have become known in order to meet this.

So ist bereits bekannt geworden, die Reffbügel, in vertikaler Richtung gesehen, hinreichend lang auszuführen und die das Aufreffen auf die Reffbügel bewerkstelligenden Refforgane mit ihren angetriebenen Reffrollen jeweils etwa in der Mitte der Reffbügel, bzw. weit genug von der abzugsseitigen Oberkante der Reffbügel entfernt, angreifen zu lassen, so dass unterhalb der Reffrollen die Stretchfolie ziehharmonika-förmig aufgerefft abgelegt wird und oberhalb der Reffrollen, bedingt durch deren Zugkräfte, die Stretchfolienhaube über eine nicht zu kleine Strecke glatt auf dem verlängerten Bereich der Reffbügel aufliegt. Eine derartige, größere Dimensionierung der Reffbügel ist unerwünscht. Sie führt zu zusätzlichem Bauaufwand, insbesondere zu einer größeren Gesamthöhe der Anlagen und vergrößert vor allem den Weg, der in vertikaler Richtung von den Reffbügeln bzw. dem sie haltenden Hubrahmen bei jedem Verpackungsvorgang zurückgelegt werden muss. Damit wird die Arbeitsgeschwindigkeit der Vorrichtung beeinträchtigt, was von besonderer Bedeutung ist.Thus, it has already become known, the reefing bow, seen in the vertical direction, run sufficiently long and the impact on the reef bar bewerkstelligenden Refforgane with their driven Reffrolen each about in the middle of the reefing bar, or far enough away from the trigger-side upper edge of the reefing, to let attack, so that below the reefing rolls stretch film is stretched accordion-shaped and above the reforwarding, due to their tensile forces, the stretch film hood over a not too small distance smoothly rests on the extended area of the reefing. Such, larger dimensions of the reef bar is undesirable. It leads to additional construction costs, in particular to a greater overall height of the plants and especially increases the way that must be covered in the vertical direction of the reefing brackets or holding them lifting frame in each packaging process. This affects the working speed of the device, which is of particular importance.

Weiterhin sind in der Praxis Vorrichtungen bekannt geworden, die das gewünschte Ergebnis im Endeffekt dadurch erreichen, dass die das Aufreffen auf die Reffbügel bewerkstelligenden Reffrollen gegen Ende des Reffvorganges translatorisch zur abzugsseitigen Oberkante der Reffbügel bewegt werden. Eine solche Bewegung führt im Ergebnis dazu, dass die Stretchfolie auf dem jeweiligen Reffbügel bereichsweise glatt gezogen bzw. glatt gestrichen wird, so dass sich beim anschließenden Querstretchen erst in einiger Entfernung vom abzugsseitigen Ende der Reffbügel Überlappfalten bilden. Eine derartige, zusätzliche Bewegung der Reffrollen gegen Ende des Aufreffvorgangs stellt einen zusätzlichen Arbeitsgang bei der Vorbereitung der Stretchfolie für das Überziehen dar, der gerade bei Hochleistungsanlagen zu einem untragbaren Zeitverlust führt. Zudem verursacht eine zusätzliche, translatorische Bewegung der Reffrollen einen entsprechenden apparativen Aufwand, also Kosten, und stellt zudem eine zusätzliche Quelle möglicher Störungen dar. Im übrigen ist nicht unter allen Umständen sichergestellt, dass ein solches Glattstreichen gelingt.Furthermore, devices have become known in practice, which achieve the desired result in effect by the fact that the reeling on the reefing bewerkstelligenden the reefing be moved toward the end of the Reffvorganges translationally to the withdrawal-side upper edge of the reef bracket. Such a movement results in the result that the stretch film on the respective reefing bracket is pulled smooth or smoothly in areas, so that form overlap creases in the subsequent transverse stretching only at some distance from the discharge end of the reefing. Such additional movement of the rewinds towards the end of the landing process is an additional step in the preparation of the stretch film for coating, which leads to an unacceptable loss of time, especially in high performance systems. In addition, an additional, translational movement of the reforward causes a corresponding expenditure on equipment, ie costs, and also represents an additional source of possible interference. Moreover, it is not guaranteed in all circumstances that such a smoothing succeeds.

Ferner wurde bereits im Stand der Technik, beispielsweise in der den Oberbegriffen der Ansprüche 1 und 14 entsprechenden DE 40 37 105 C1, vorgeschlagen, an den Längsseiten des Reffrahmens Rollenpaare bzw. Walzenpaare vorzusehen, welche, sobald sich der Reffrahmen in der Überstreifstellung der Stretchhaube befindet, als Spannwalzenpaare für die Stretchung der Stretchhaube in ihrer Längsrichtung dienen, wobei während des Reffvorganges der Stretchfolie auf die Refffinger alle Rollen mit gleicher Umfangsgeschwindigkeit und in gleicher Drehrichtung wirkend arbeiten. Beim Abziehen bzw. Überstreifen der Stretchfolienhaube über das zu verpackende Gut werden die Rollen dann entgegen ihrer Reffrichtung angetrieben, wobei beim Abziehen die Rollen mit unterschiedlicher Umfangsgeschwindigkeit angetrieben werden, um ein gleichmäßiges störungsfreies Abziehen der Stretchfolie zu gewährleisten.It has also been proposed in the prior art, for example in the preambles of claims 1 and 14 corresponding DE 40 37 105 C1, to provide on the longitudinal sides of the Refrahmens roller pairs or pairs of rollers, which, as soon as the Reffrahmen is in the overshoot position of the stretch hood Serve as tension roller pairs for the stretching of the stretch hood in its longitudinal direction, while working during the Reffvorganges the stretch film on the reefing all rollers with the same peripheral speed and in the same direction of rotation. When removing or stripping the stretch film hood on the goods to be packaged, the rollers are then driven against their Reffrichtung, the rollers are driven at different peripheral speed during removal, to ensure a uniform trouble-free removal of the stretch film.

Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zu Grunde, eine Vorrichtung sowie ein Verfahren der gattungsgemäßen Art zu schaffen, die bzw. das schnell und mit einfachen Mitteln in der Lage ist, einen die Seitenflächen umhüllenden Stretchfolienabschnitt so auf die Reffbügel aufzureffen, so dass die Gefahr, dass nach dem Stretchen beim Abziehen der Folie Überlappfalten bis in kritische Bereiche der Reffbügel gelangen, wesentlich vermindert wird und die Folie in diesen Bereichen nicht dünngezogen bzw. beschädigt wird.The invention is therefore based on the object to provide a device and a method of the generic type, which is or quickly and by simple means capable of a side surfaces enveloping stretch film section so aufrefeffen on the reefing, so that the risk After stretching, when the film is pulled off, overlapping creases reach critical areas of the reef bows, is substantially reduced and the film is not pulled or damaged thinly in these areas.

Der auf die Vorrichtung bezogene Teil der Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch eine Vorrichtung mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 gelöst, wobei jedes Refforgan Reffeinrichtungen aufweist, mit denen es zumindest zeitweilig gleichzeitig in zwei voneinander in Reffrichtung beabstandete Zonen so auf die Stretchfolie einwirken kann, dass der zwischen den beiden Zonen befindliche Stretchfolienabschnitt überlappungsfrei auf den betreffenden Reffbügeln angeordnet ist. Dabei weist jedes Refforgan wenigstens eine erste Reffrolle und eine bezogen auf die Aufreffrichtung nachfolgend angeordnete zweite Zugrolle auf, wobei die Reffrolle beim Aufreffbetrieb der Vorrichtung an ihrem mit der Stretchfolie in Kontakt tretenden Umfang eine geringere Umfangsgeschwindigkeit aufweist als die Zugrolle, so dass der zwischen der Reffrolle und der Zugrolle befindliche Stretchfolienabschnitt gezogen, vorzugsweise gestretcht wird und überlappungsfrei auf den betreffenden Reffbügeln angeordnet ist. Eventuell in den Bereich zwischen den Zonen gelangende Falten werden sowohl beim Aufreffen als auch beim Abziehen in diesem Bereich glatt gezogen.The device related to the part of the object is achieved by a device with the features of claim 1, wherein each Refforgan has Reffeinrichtungen with which it can act at least temporarily simultaneously in two spaced apart in the refraction zones on the stretch film that the between the two zones located stretch film section is arranged without overlapping on the respective reefing brackets. In this case, each Refforgan at least a first refreshment and a reference to the Aufreffrichtung subsequently arranged second train role, wherein the Refrefolle when Aufreffbetrieb the device at its passing with the stretch film in contact circumference has a lower peripheral speed than the tension roller, so that between the refresher and the pull roll located stretch film section is drawn, preferably stretched and is arranged without overlap on the respective reefbügeln. Any wrinkles that may be in the area between the zones will be pulled smoothly in both the impact and peeling.

Auf diese Art und Weise wird sichergestellt, dass die Stretchfolie zu Beginn des Hauptüberziehvorgangs in einem bestimmten, nicht zu kurzen Bereich (der im Folgenden "Glättbereich" genannt sei) vor der abzugsseitigen Oberkante der Reffbügel glatt, also ohne Überlappfalten auf den Reffbügeln liegt. Alle Überlappfalten, die möglicherweise im Laufe des Überziehens der Stretchfolie über die zu verpackende Ladung von dem ziehharmonika-förmig gerefft gehaltenen Folienvorrat abgezogen werden und dann zunächst den betreffenden Reffbügel entlang gleiten, liegen damit in einer definierten, größeren Entfernung vom kritischen Bereich nahe der abzugsseitigen Oberkante des betreffenden Reffbügels, wobei Überlappfalten regelmäßig nicht in den kritischen Bereich vordringen sollten. Es ist also gewährleistet, dass jede Überlappfalte, die sich nicht ohnehin sofort beim Abziehen von dem ziehharmonika-förmig aufgerefften Stretchfolienvorrat auflöst, erst eine bestimmte Strecke am betreffenden Reffbügel entlang gleiten muss, bevor sie den kritischen Bereich des betreffenden Reffbügels erreichen kann. Im Laufe dieses Gleitens über eine längere Strecke löst sich der überwiegende Teil aller Überlappfalten auf, bevor der kritische Bereich erreicht wird. Die Gefahr von Störungen durch Dünnziehen bzw. Einreißen der Stretchfolien, die besonders prekär ist, wenn aus den Stretchfolien zuvor Stretchfolienhauben gebildet wurden, wird wesentlich vermindert.In this way it is ensured that the stretch film at the beginning of the main coating process in a certain, not too short range (the "Smoothing" hereinafter). be mentioned) in front of the discharge-side upper edge of the reefing bow is smooth, so without Überlappfalten on the reefing ironing lies. All Überlappfalten that may be deducted in the course of coating the stretch film on the charge to be packaged from the concertina-reef held film supply and then first slide along the respective reef bracket so that they lie at a defined, greater distance from the critical area near the trigger-side top of the reef bracket in question, with overlapping crows not normally entering the critical area. It is thus ensured that any overlapping crease that does not dissolve immediately when pulled off the accordion-stretch film hold, must first slide a certain distance along the respective reef bar, before it can reach the critical area of the respective reef hanger. In the course of this sliding over a longer distance, the majority of all Überlappfalten dissolves before the critical area is reached. The danger of thinning or tearing of the stretch film, which is particularly precarious when stretch film covers have previously been formed, is substantially reduced.

Vorzugsweise sind die beiden besagten Zonen so weit voneinander beabstandet, dass sich die Überlappfalten zuverlässig auflösen. D. h. dass nur noch in wenigen Fällen Überlappfalten zwischen den Zonen vorhanden sind und in den kritischen Bereich gelangen können. Dieser Effekt wird vorteilhafterweise sowohl beim Aufreffen der Folie auf die Reffbügel als auch beim Abziehen der Folie von denselben erzielt.Preferably, the two said zones are spaced so far apart that the Überlappfalten reliably dissolve. Ie. that only in a few cases overlap gaps between the zones are present and can reach the critical area. This effect is advantageously achieved both when the film meets the reefing bars and when the film is removed therefrom.

Wie schon erwähnt, sind die Refforgane so ausgestattet, dass jedes Refforgan zwei antreibbare, bezogen auf die Aufreffrichtung hintereinander angeordnete Reffeinrichtungen aufweist, die von Rollen, nämlich einer ersten Reffrolle und einer zweiten, dahinter angeordneten Zugrolle gebildet sind, deren Abstand zueinander vorteilhafterweise einstellbar ist.As already mentioned, the Refforgane are equipped so that each Reforgan has two drivable, with respect to the Aufreffrichtung successively arranged Reffeinrichtungen that are formed by roles, namely a first refreshment and a second, arranged behind traction roller whose distance from each other is advantageously adjustable.

Die Vorrichtung ist so gestaltet, dass die Reffrolle, also diejenige Rolle, auf die die Folie zu Beginn des Aufreffvorgangs zuerst trifft, an ihrem mit der Stretchfolie in Kontakt tretenden Umfang mit langsamerer Umfangsgeschwindigkeit dreht als die zweite, also nachfolgende Zugrolle, so dass der zwischen den Rollen befindliche Stretchfolienabschnitt während des Aufreffens gezogen bzw. geglättet oder faltenfrei gezogen wird. Ein derartiges Ziehen (ohne nennenswerte Dehnung der Folie) bewirkt, dass etwaige beim Aufreffen der Haube in den Bereich zwischen die beiden Rollen geratene Falten zuverlässig auseinander gezogen werden.The device is designed so that the refroll, so that role to which the film meets at the beginning of Aufreffvorgangs first turn at its passing with the stretch film in contact circumference at a slower peripheral speed than the second, that subsequent traction roller, so that between The stretch film section located on the rollers is pulled or smoothed or pulled without creases during the impact. Such pulling (without appreciable elongation of the film) causes any wrinkles which have occurred in the region between the two rollers when the hood is hit to be reliably pulled apart.

Vorzugsweise ist die Vorrichtung so gestaltet, dass die Stretchfolie beim Betrieb der Vorrichtung an mindestens einer Stelle auf einer gedachten, direkten Verbindungslinie zwischen den besagten Zonen weder mit den Reffbügeln noch mit den Refforganen in Berührung kommt. Auf diese Art und Weise gelingt es besonders effektiv, beim Aufreffen und Abziehen in den Bereich zwischen den beiden Rollen geratene Falten glatt zu ziehen. Denn eventuell in diesen Bereich gelangte Falten können bei einer solchen Gestaltung problemlos auseinandergezogen werden, da die Reibung der einzelnen Folienlagen im Bereich der Falten aufgehoben wird, sobald die betreffende Falte auf der direkten Verbindungslinie zwischen den besagten Zonen weder mit den Reffbügeln noch mit den Refforganen in Berührung kommt. Jegliche Kraft, die senkrecht auf die Falte einwirkt und die die Falte reibschlüssig zusammenhalten könnte, wird aufgehoben.Preferably, the device is designed so that the stretch film during operation of the device at at least one point on an imaginary, direct connecting line between the said zones neither comes with the reefing bars nor with the Refforganen in touch. In this way, it is particularly effective to smooth wrinkles that have fallen into the area between the two rollers when they are picked up and pulled off. Because wrinkles that may have entered this area can easily be pulled apart in such a design, since the friction of the individual film layers in the region of the folds is lifted as soon as the relevant fold on the direct line connecting the said zones neither with the reefing bars nor with the Refforganen in Touch comes. Any force acting perpendicular to the fold and which could frictionally hold the fold together is canceled.

Dabei ist eine Gestaltung der Vorrichtung der Art besonders zu bevorzugen, in der eine der beiden Rollen beim Betrieb der Vorrichtung die Stretchfolie gegen einen elastisch federnden Bereich des betreffenden Reffbügels drückt. Auf diese Art und Weise wird ein besonders effektives Zusammenspiel der beiden Rollen in ihrer Wirkung sichergestellt und auf jeden Fall eine Überlastung der Folie im Bereich zwischen den beiden Rollen vermieden. Denn in dem Bereich der Rolle, die gegen den elastisch federnden Bereich drückt, kann (notfalls) Schlupf zwischen der Folie und der Rolle auftreten. Vorzugsweise ist die Federkraft des elastisch federnden Bereichs einstellbar, so dass genau abgestimmt werden kann, wann Schlupf auftritt.In this case, a design of the device of the type is particularly preferable in which one of the two rollers presses the stretch film against an elastically resilient region of the respective reefer bracket during operation of the device. In this way, a particularly effective interaction of the two roles is ensured in their effect and avoided in any case an overload of the film in the area between the two roles. Because in the area of the roller, which presses against the elastically resilient area, slip (if necessary) can occur between the film and the roller. Preferably, the spring force of the elastically resilient region is adjustable, so that it can be precisely tuned when slip occurs.

Es ist günstig, mindestens eine der beiden Rollen, vorzugsweise die Zugrolle, so zu profilieren, dass sie bei einem Abwälzen auf der Stretchfolie nicht durchgehend mit der Stretchfolie in Kontakt steht. Dies begünstigt das Auseinanderziehen von beim Aufreffen in den Bereich zwischen die Rollen geratener Falten. Gleiches gilt für ein elastisches Querstollenprofil.It is favorable to profile at least one of the two rollers, preferably the tension roller, so that they do not pass continuously with the stretch film when rolling on the stretch film in contact. This favors the pulling apart of wrinkles that have come into contact with the area between the rollers. The same applies to an elastic cross profile.

Gestaltet man die Vorrichtung so, dass die beiden Rollen eines jeden Refforgans beim Betrieb der Vorrichtung von einem einheitlichen Motor angetrieben werden, dann ergibt sich ein besonders geringer Bauaufwand. Dabei ist es weiterhin vorteilhaft, eine der beiden Rollen, insbesondere die Zugrolle, mit einem Freilauf, welcher eine freie Rotation in Abzugsrichtung ermöglicht, zu versehen, um den ungehinderten Abzug der Folie von den Reffbügeln zu gewährleisten. Es ist aber auch denkbar, dass für die Rollen separate Antriebsmotoren vorgesehen sind, die durch individuelle Steuerung eine beschleunigte oder verzögerte Drehbewegung der Rollen ermöglichen, um z. B. einen Bremseffekt zu erzielen.If you design the device so that the two rollers of each Refforgans are driven by a single motor during operation of the device, then there is a particularly low construction cost. It is also advantageous to provide one of the two rollers, in particular the tension roller, with a freewheel which allows a free rotation in the withdrawal direction in order to ensure the unimpeded withdrawal of the film from the reefing bars. But it is also conceivable that separate drive motors are provided for the roles that allow an individualized control an accelerated or delayed rotational movement of the rollers to z. B. to achieve a braking effect.

Noch stärker lässt sich die Vorrichtung vereinfachen, wenn man beim Aufreffen nur die Zugrolle positiv, d. h. motorisch, antreibt und die Reffrolle beim Betrieb der Vorrichtung negativ antreibt, d. h. bremst. Auch dann entsteht zwischen diesen beiden Rollen eine Zugspannung, die beim Aufreffen in den Bereich zwischen den beiden Rollen geratene Falten zuverlässig auseinanderzieht.Even more, the device can be simplified if you only positive when pulling the train, d. H. motor, drives and the Refrefolle drives negative when operating the device, d. H. slows. Even then arises between these two roles a tensile stress, which reliably pulls out when encountered in the area between the two roles wrinkles.

Weiterhin ist vorstellbar, für die Rollen jeweils einen eigenen, unabhängig voneinander betreibbaren motorischen Antrieb und/oder unabhängig voneinander betreibbare Zustellorgane vorzusehen. Der Vorzug ist gleichwohl der im Nachfolgenden von den Figuren für das konkrete Ausführungsbeispiel gezeigten, baulich sehr einfachen und ausgesprochen zuverlässigen Lösung zu geben, die sich unter bestimmten Bedingungen sogar zur Nachrüstung von bestehenden Anlagen eignet, da auf die Kolbenstange der Zustellvorrichtung statt der bisherigen einzelnen Reffrolle mit ihrem Motor lediglich das Rollentandem aufgesetzt werden muss, das dank des Ketten- oder Riemengetriebes ebenfalls nur von nur einem einzigen Reffmotor angetrieben wird und daher keine grundsätzlichen Änderungen in der Steuerung der Maschine erforderlich macht.Furthermore, it is conceivable to provide for the rollers each have their own, independently operable motor drive and / or independently operable Zustellorgane. The advantage is nevertheless to be given in the following of the figures for the specific embodiment, structurally very simple and very reliable solution that is suitable under certain conditions even for retrofitting existing systems, as on the piston rod of the delivery device instead of the previous single refresh with their engine only the roller tandem must be placed, which is also driven by only a single reef motor thanks to the chain or belt drive and therefore does not require any fundamental changes in the control of the machine.

Von besonderer Bedeutung ist die Erfindung für Verpackungsmaschinen der gattungsgemä-ßen Art, die nicht nur mit einem starken Horizontalstretch, sondern darüber hinaus mit einem zusätzlichen, nicht unerheblichen Vertikalstretch in Höhe von etwa 10 % bis 50 %, insbesondere auch von über 50 %, bezogen auf den in Vertikalrichtung ungestretchten Zustand, arbeiten. Denn bei Verarbeitung von Stretchfolien, die einem derartigen, hochgradig zweiachsigen Spannungszustand unterworfen sind, gilt es in besonderem Maße einer Rissinduktion durch abgleitende Überlappfalten vorzubeugen.Of particular importance is the invention for packaging machines of the generic type Shen, which not only with a strong horizontal stretch, but also with an additional, not insignificant vertical stretch in the amount of about 10% to 50%, in particular also more than 50%, based on the unstretched state in the vertical direction, work. For when processing stretch films which are subjected to such a highly biaxial state of tension, it is particularly important to prevent crack induction by sliding off overlapping creases.

Der verfahrensbezogene Teil der Aufgabe wird durch das Verfahren nach Anspruch 14 gelöst, wobei auf die Stretchfolie während des Aufreffens durch die Refforgane jeweils mittels zweier voneinander beabstandeter Reffeinrichtungen zumindest zeitweilig gleichzeitig in zwei voneinander in Aufreffrichtung beabstandeten Zonen so auf die Stretchfolie eingewirkt wird, dass der nach Beendigung des Aufreffens zwischen den beiden Zonen befindliche Stretchfolienabschnitt überlappungsfrei auf dem betreffenden Reffbügel angeordnet ist. Beim Abziehen werden eventuell in den Bereich zwischen den Zonen gelangende Falten ebenfalls glattgezogen, so dass sie nicht in den kritischen Bereich der Oberkante des Reffbügels gelangen können.The procedural part of the object is achieved by the method according to claim 14, wherein on the stretch film during the impact by the Refforgane each by means of two spaced-apart Reffeinrichtungen at least temporarily simultaneously in two spaced apart in Aufreffrichtung zones on the stretch film is acted upon that of Termination of the impact between the two zones located stretch film section is arranged without overlapping on the respective reef bracket. When peeling, any wrinkles that may be in the area between the zones are also pulled smoothly so that they can not get into the critical area of the upper edge of the reefing bar.

Im Folgenden wird ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung an Hand von Zeichnungen näher erläutert. Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
den wesentlichen Ausschnitt der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung, nämlich einen Reffbügel und das ihm zugeordnete Refforgan,
Fig. 2
eine Seitenansicht des wesentlichen Ausschnitts der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung während des Aufreffens der Folie auf die Reffbügel vor deren Querstretchen und
Fig. 3
eine Seitenansicht des wesentlichen Ausschnitts der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung vor dem Abziehen der quergestretchten Folie von den Reffbügeln.
In the following an embodiment of the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to drawings. Show it:
Fig. 1
the essential section of the device according to the invention, namely a reef bar and its associated Refforgan,
Fig. 2
a side view of the essential section of the device according to the invention during the arrival of the film on the reefing before their Querstretchen and
Fig. 3
a side view of the essential section of the device according to the invention before removing the cross-stretched film from the reefbügeln.

Die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung, die hier nicht als Ganzes dargestellt wird, besteht im wesentlichen aus den eingangs im Zusammenhang mit der Erörterung des Standes der Technik erwähnten, bekannten Grundkomponenten, die auf vielerlei Weise ausgestaltet oder abgewandelt werden können. Zahlreiche weitere bekannte Komponenten, die zur vollständigen Durchführung eines Verpackungsvorganges der hier in Rede stehenden Art erforderlich sind, kommen - in Abhängigkeit vom Einzelfall - hinzu.The device according to the invention, which is not shown here in its entirety, consists essentially of the known basic components mentioned at the beginning in connection with the discussion of the prior art, which can be designed or modified in many ways. Numerous other well-known components that go to the complete Carrying out a packaging process of the type in question are required - depending on the individual case - added.

Fig. 1 zeigt einen von meist vier - gelegentlich aber auch mehr, etwa sechs oder acht - Reffbügeln 1, sowie ein diesem zugeordnetes Refforgan 2. Der Reffbügel 1 ist zur Montage an einem Antrieb bestimmt, der ihn längs eines Pfeils S in horizontaler Richtung hin- und herbewegen kann. Das Refforgan 2 besteht aus einer Vorschubeinrichtung 4, hier in der bevorzugten Form eines vorteilhafter Weise pneumatisch betriebenen Vorschubzylinders, einer aus einer Reffrolle 5a und einer Zugrolle 5b bestehenden Reffeinrichtung, eines die beiden Rollen antreibenden Reffmotors 3 und einem für die benötigte Übersetzung sorgenden Ketten- oder Riemengetriebe 6. Die Vorschubeinrichtung 4 ist entsprechend ansteuerbar und sorgt dafür, dass die Reffrolle 5a und die Zugrolle 5b in ihre Arbeitsposition vorgefahren und zu gegebener Zeit aus ihrer Arbeitsposition zurückgezogen werden können, jeweils durch eine Bewegung nach links oder rechts entlang eines Pfeils V. Die Vorschubeinrichtung 4 ist üblicherweise mit ihrem Sockel 7 auf der gleichen Antriebseinheit montiert, die auch den Reffbügel 1 längs des Pfeils S hin- und herbewegt. Auf diese Art und Weise wird mit einfachen Mitteln sichergestellt, dass das Refforgan 2 bei einem Auseinanderfahren der Reffbügel zum Zwecke des Querstretchens der Stretchfolie zusammen mit dem Reffbügel 1 zurückgefahren wird.Fig. 1 shows one of usually four - but occasionally more, about six or eight - Reffbügeln 1, as well as this associated Refforgan 2. The reef bracket 1 is intended to be mounted on a drive, the him along an arrow S in the horizontal direction - and can move. The Refforgan 2 consists of a feed device 4, here in the preferred form of an advantageously pneumatically operated feed cylinder, consisting of a Refrefolle 5a and a tension roller 5b Reffeinrichtung, a two rollers driving Reffmotors 3 and a care for the required translation chain or Belt drive 6. The feed device 4 is controlled accordingly and ensures that the refroll 5a and the pull roller 5b can be moved to their working position and withdrawn at any time from its working position, respectively by a movement to the left or right along an arrow V. Die Feed device 4 is usually mounted with its base 7 on the same drive unit, which also moves the reef bracket 1 along the arrow S back and forth. In this way, it is ensured by simple means that the Refforgan 2 is moved back together with the Reffbügel 1 when moving apart of the reefing brackets for the purpose of cross-stretching the stretch film.

Wie anhand der Fig. 2 ersichtlich wird, besitzt der Reffbügel 1 an seiner abzugsseitigen Oberkante einen kritischen Bereich K. In diesen kritischen Bereich K sollten beim Abziehen der Stretchfolie von einem aufgerefft gehaltenen Stretchfolienvorrat 8 nur wenige, vorzugsweise nahezu keine Überlappfalten gelangen. Dies deswegen, weil sich im kritischen Bereich K der Bügelquerschnitt stark ändert. Wie in Fig. 1 gezeigt, verjüngt sich beispielsweise der Reffbügel im Bereich der Einschnürung 9 lokal, während er nachfolgend im Bereich des oberen Bügelteils 10 die Folie dann sogar noch stärker aufdehnt. Gleitet die Folie diesen Bereich K entlang, so wechselt also ihre Belastung in schneller Folge. Auf Grund dessen sollten Überlappfalten möglichst nicht bis in diesen Bereich gelangen, da sie anderenfalls unter dem Einfluss dieses schnellen Lastwechsels die Gefahr eines Foliendünnziehens oder - risses erhöhen. Der kritische Bereich K liegt bei den üblichen, in der Praxis verwendeten Anlagen im Bereich der Oberkante des Reffbügels. Alternativ ist jedoch auch die Verwendung von von oben bis unten annähernd glatten Reffbügeln ohne nennenswerte Querschnittsveränderungen denkbar, wobei bei solchermaßen gestalteten Reffbügeln es dann lediglich zu verhindern gilt, dass Überlappfalten von den Reffbügeln "abspringen".As can be seen from FIG. 2, the reef bar 1 has a critical region K at its upper edge on the discharge side. In this critical region K, only a few, preferably almost no, overlap creases should pass from a stretch film reserve 8 held up by a stretched film supply. This is because in the critical region K, the bow section changes greatly. As shown in FIG. 1, for example, the reefing bow tapers locally in the area of the constriction 9, whereas it subsequently expands the film even more in the area of the upper bow part 10. If the film slides along this area K, its load changes in quick succession. Because of this, overlapping creases should as far as possible not reach this area, otherwise they increase the risk of film thinning or cracking under the influence of this fast load change. The critical range K is in the usual, used in practice systems in the area of the upper edge of the reef bar. Alternatively, however, is the use from top to bottom almost smooth reefing without significant cross-sectional changes conceivable, with such reefing bars designed it is then only to prevent that Überlappfalten "jump off" of the reefing.

Zu Beginn eines jeden Aufreffvorganges sind die Refforgane entlang des Pfeils V zurückgefahren, so dass ein merklicher Spalt zwischen dem jeweiligen Reffbügel 1 und den Rollen 5a und 5b besteht. Der Reffbügel 1 und die anderen (nicht gezeigten) Reffbügel werden ein kurzes Stück weit in den meist durch zusätzliche Hilfsmittel geöffneten Stretchfolienschlauch eingeführt, vorzugsweise etwa so weit, dass die Unterkante des Stretchfolienschlauchs eine am Reffbügel 1 gehaltene, freilaufende Rolle 11 gerade bedeckt. Auf Grund der relativ kurzen benötigten Wege sind die Reffbügel also recht schnell in dem Stretchfolienschlauch zu positionieren.At the beginning of each Aufreffvorganges the Refforgane along the arrow V are moved back so that there is a noticeable gap between the respective reef bracket 1 and the rollers 5a and 5b. The reefing bar 1 and the other reefing bars (not shown) are inserted a short distance into the stretch film tube which is usually opened by additional aids, preferably approximately so far that the lower edge of the stretch film tube just covers a free-running reel 11 held on the reefing bar 1. Due to the relatively short ways required, the reef bows are therefore quite fast to position in the stretch film tube.

Dann werden die Refforgane zugestellt, so dass die Stretchfolie zwischen der freilaufenden Rolle 11 und der Reffrolle 5a reibschlüssig gehalten wird. Sodann wird der Reffmotor 3 gestartet, woraufhin die Stretchfolie durch den reibschlüssigen Kontakt mit der Reffrolle 5a auf den Reffbügel 1, nach unten gezogen wird. Kurze Zeit später wird das untere Ende des Stretchfolienschlauchs auch von der nachgelagerten Zugrolle 5b reibschlüssig erfasst. Auf die Stretchfolie wirkt also nun über eine erste Kontaktzone (Zone Z1) die Reffrolle 5a und über eine zweite Kontaktzone (Zone Z2) die Zugrolle 5b. Da das die beiden Rollen miteinander verbindende Ketten- oder Riemengetriebe 6 bei diesem Ausführungsbeispiel so ausgelegt ist, dass die nachgelagerte Zugrolle 5b schneller als die Reffrolle 5a dreht, wird die Folie, die sich zwischen den beiden Rollen 5a und 5b befindet, im Bereich zwischen den Kontaktzonen (Z1 und Z2) stramm gezogen und je nach Differenz der Umdrehungsgeschwindigkeiten der beiden Rollen 5a und 5b sogar vorübergehend um einen gewissen Betrag gedehnt.Then the Refforgane be delivered, so that the stretch film between the free-running roller 11 and the refroll 5a is frictionally held. Then, the reef motor 3 is started, whereupon the stretch film is pulled by the frictional contact with the refining roller 5a on the reef bar 1, down. A short time later, the lower end of the stretch film tube is also frictionally engaged by the downstream tension roller 5b. On the stretch film, therefore, the refining roller 5a acts via a first contact zone (zone Z1) and the tension roller 5b via a second contact zone (zone Z2). Since the chain or belt transmission 6 interconnecting the two rollers is designed in this embodiment such that the downstream tension roller 5b rotates faster than the refining roller 5a, the film which is located between the two rollers 5a and 5b is in the area between the two Contact zones (Z1 and Z2) pulled tight and even temporarily extended by a certain amount depending on the difference in the rotational speeds of the two rollers 5a and 5b.

Wie durch die Fig. 1 und 2 gezeigt, stützt sich die untere Zugrolle 5b in ihrer Betriebsstellung vorteilhafter Weise nicht direkt an einem weitgehend starren Abschnitt des Reffbügels 10 ab, sondern wirkt vielmehr mit einem Bügel 12 zusammen, der in horizontaler Richtung gesehen durch einer Schraube 14 befestigt und über eine mittels einer Schraube 13 gehaltenen Druckfeder in horizontaler Richtung insofern federbelastet ist, dass ein Andruck des Bügels 12 an die Zugrolle realisiert wird. Statt einer solchen, vorzugsweise schwimmenden Lagerung kann der Bügel 12 auch federnd-schwenkbar gelagert sein. Dabei begrenzt der Bügel 12 die Kraft, die die Zugrolle 5b auf die Folie aufbringen kann. Damit werden auch die Reibungskräfte begrenzt, die die Zugrolle 5b auf die Folie aufbringen kann. Bevor es zu einer Überlastung der Folie beim Aufreffen zwischen der langsamer laufenden Reffrolle 5a und der schneller laufenden Zugrolle 5b kommt, wird also Schlupf zwischen der Folie und der Zugrolle 5b auftreten. Vorteilhafterweise ist die Federkraft, mit der der Bügel 12 gehalten wird, einstellbar, was hier nicht gezeigt ist.As shown by FIGS. 1 and 2, the lower traction roller 5b is not supported in its operating position advantageously directly on a substantially rigid portion of the reefing bow 10, but rather cooperates with a bracket 12, seen in the horizontal direction by a screw 14 fastened and spring loaded in the horizontal direction by means of a screw 13 held compression spring in that a pressure of the Ironing 12 is realized to the tension roller. Instead of such, preferably floating bearing the bracket 12 may also be mounted resiliently pivotable. In this case, the bracket 12 limits the force that can apply the tension roller 5b on the film. This also limits the frictional forces that the tension roller 5b can apply to the film. Before it comes to an overload of the film when the impact between the slower-running refroll 5a and the faster-running tension roller 5b, so slip between the film and the tension roller 5b occur. Advantageously, the spring force with which the bracket 12 is held, adjustable, which is not shown here.

Insbesondere beim Aufreffen von aus Stretchfolienschläuchen gebildeten Stretchfolienhauben lässt es sich nicht vermeiden, dass gelegentlich Folienfalten die Reffrolle 5a während des Aufreffens passieren und in den Bereich zwischen den beiden Rollen 5a und 5b gelangen. Dort werden sie, auf Grund der Tatsache, dass dort durch die schneller laufende nachgelagerte Zugrolle 5b ein Zug auf die Folie aufgebracht wird und diese Falten im Bereich zwischen der freilaufenden Rolle 11 und dem Bügel 12 den Kontakt mit dem Reffbügel verlieren, wirksam auseinandergezogen.In particular, when encountering stretch film hoods formed from stretch film tubes, it is unavoidable that film folds will occasionally pass the refill roller 5a during landing and reach the area between the two rollers 5a and 5b. There they are, due to the fact that there is applied by the faster-running downstream traction roller 5 b a train on the film and these wrinkles in the area between the free-running roller 11 and the bracket 12 lose contact with the reef bracket, effectively pulled apart.

Einen hilfreichen Beitrag zur Beseitigung von Falten bzw. zur Verbesserung der Glättung leistet auch das Profil der Zugrolle 5b. Dieses Profil besteht aus einzelnen, in Umfangsrichtung elastischen Stollen 17, zwischen denen sich jeweils weite Abstände befinden (Profillücken). Auf diese Art und Weise wird eine in schneller Folge auf- und abschwellende Zugbelastung auf die zwischen den beiden Rollen 5a und 5b befindliche Folie aufgebracht, die das Ergebnis optimiert.A helpful contribution to the elimination of wrinkles or to the improvement of the smoothing is also provided by the profile of the tension roller 5b. This profile consists of individual, circumferentially elastic studs 17, between each of which are wide distances (profile gaps). In this way, a rapidly increasing and decreasing tensile load is applied to the film located between the two rollers 5a and 5b, which optimizes the result.

Auf Grund dieser Ausgestaltung des Refforgans mit wenigstens zwei, längs der Vertikalachse des Reffbügels 1, also in Aufreffrichtung hintereinander angeordneten Rollen 5a und 5b ist bei Abschluss des Reffvorgangs sichergestellt, dass zwischen dem kritischen Bereich K und einem in Fig. 2 gezeigten Bereich ZH, in dem der Folienvorrat 8 ziehharmonika-artig aufgerefft ist, ein sich nicht nur unwesentlich weit erstreckender Bereich G befindet, in dem die Stretchfolie praktisch glatt gehalten wird. Die Grenzen des Bereichs G in Aufreff- und Abzugsrichtung markieren die Zonen Z1 und Z2, d. h. die Zonen, in denen die Reffrolle 5a die Folie gegen die freilaufende Rolle 11, und die Zugrolle 5b die Folie gegen den Bügel 12 drücken und so mit der Folie in reibschlüssigen Kontakt kommen.Due to this embodiment of the Refforgans with at least two, along the vertical axis of the reefing 1, so in Aufreffrichtung successively arranged rollers 5a and 5b is ensured at the conclusion of the reefing that between the critical area K and a shown in Fig. 2 ZH, in the film supply 8 is accordion-like aufgerefft, a not only slightly insignificant extending area G is in which the stretch film is kept virtually smooth. The boundaries of the area G in the direction of attraction and withdrawal mark the zones Z1 and Z2, ie the zones in which the refining roller 5a the film against the free-running roller 11, and the tension roller 5b press the film against the bracket 12 and thus come into frictional contact with the film.

Die im Einzelfall konkret benötigte vertikale Erstreckung des Bereichs G kann der Fachmann jeweils leicht ermitteln. Sie hängt neben den von der Vorrichtung und den von den zu verwendenden Folien vorgegebenen Parametern (Reibungskoeffizient zwischen Reffbügel und Folie, zwischen Folie und Folie, Überzugsgeschwindigkeit der Stretchfolie über die Ladung, konkrete Geometrie des Reffbügels, Grad des horizontalen und ggf. des vertikalen Stretchs usw.) von der gewünschten Zuverlässigkeit, d. h. von dem Grad an Sicherheit ab, mit dem der Fachmann verhindern will, dass Überlappfalten in den kritischen Bereich K gelangen. Im Regelfall ergibt sich ein optimaler Kompromiss zwischen der benötigten Kompaktheit der Reffbügel einerseits und einer hinreichend zuverlässigen Vermeidung von Überlappfalten im kritischen Bereich K andererseits. Vorzugsweise befindet sich der Bereich G zwischen dem kritischen Bereich K und dem Bereich ZH, in dem der Folienvorrat 8 ziehharmonika-artig aufgerefft ist. Um den Bereich G bzw. den Bereich ZH einzustellen, kann der Bügel 12 in seiner Höhenlage, d. h. in vertikaler Richtung, einstellbar am Reffbügel 1 gehalten sein, während zusätzlich/oder alternativ der Abstand der Rollen 5a, 5b einstellbar sein kann.The vertical extent of the region G that is actually required in the individual case can be easily determined by the person skilled in the art. It depends on the parameters set by the device and the film to be used (coefficient of friction between the reef bar and the film, between the film and the film, the speed of the stretch film over the load, the concrete geometry of the reef bar, the degree of horizontal and possibly vertical stretching, etc .) of the desired reliability, d. H. from the degree of security with which the skilled person wants to prevent overlapping creases from reaching the critical region K. As a rule, there is an optimal compromise between the required compactness of the reef bow on the one hand and a sufficiently reliable avoidance of overlap creases in the critical region K on the other hand. Preferably, the region G is located between the critical region K and the region ZH, in which the film supply 8 is aufziehffont accordion-like. In order to adjust the range G or the range ZH, the bracket 12 in its altitude, d. H. in the vertical direction, be kept adjustable on the reef bracket 1, while additionally / or alternatively the distance between the rollers 5a, 5b can be adjustable.

Das oben beschriebene Ergebnis kann unter gewissen Umständen auch dadurch erreicht werden, dass die Zugrolle 5b beispielsweise schwenkbar gelagert wird und erst kurz vor Abschluss des Reffvorganges separat so zugestellt wird, dass sie mit der Reffrolle 5a zusammenwirkt. Die bevorzugte Lösung ist jedoch so gestaltet, wie in den das bevorzugte Ausführungsbeispiel illustrierenden Figuren gezeigt. Denn bei einer derartigen Ausführung wird der bauliche Aufwand geringer gehalten und auch die Fehlergefahr reduziert, die sich etwa dadurch ergibt, dass es durch das nachträgliche Zustellen der Zugrolle 5b unter ungünstigen Umständen zu einem unerwünschten Folienstau oder ähnlichem kommen kann.The result described above can also be achieved under certain circumstances by, for example, pivotally supporting the tension roller 5b and delivering it separately just before completion of the refining operation in such a way that it interacts with the refining roller 5a. However, the preferred solution is designed as shown in the figures illustrating the preferred embodiment. Because in such an embodiment of the construction effort is kept low and also reduces the risk of error, which is approximately the result that it can come through the subsequent delivery of the tension roller 5b under unfavorable circumstances to an undesirable foil rope or the like.

Die Rollen 5a und 5b müssen ferner in Aufreffrichtung gesehen nicht absolut genau untereinander liegen. Ein gewisser, die Funktion nicht wesentlich störender seitlicher Versatz zwischen den beiden Rollen 5a und 5b ist zulässig.The rollers 5a and 5b must also be seen in Aufreffrichtung not absolutely accurate with each other. A certain, not significantly disturbing lateral function offset between the two rollers 5a and 5b is permitted.

Wie weiter anhand der Fig. 3 gezeigt ist, wird die nach dem Aufreffen auf den Reffbügeln befindliche, locker abgelegte Folie zunächst in Folge eines auf die erforderliche Breite in Abhängigkeit des zu verpackenden Gutes erfolgten Auseinanderfahrens der Reffbügel sowie Refforgane in im wesentlichen horizontaler Richtung gestretcht. Die durch das Auseinanderfahren entstehende Zugkraft der nunmehr in im wesentlichen horizontaler Richtung gestretchten Folie bewirkt dabei, dass sich die im Bereich ZH des während des Aufreffvorganges locker abgelegten Stretchfolienvorrats 8 übereinander liegenden Überlappfalten 18 unter nicht unerheblicher Spannung in dem Bereich ZH eng an die Reffbügel anlegen.As further shown with reference to FIG. 3, the loosely deposited film located on the reef bows after impacting is first stretched in a substantially horizontal direction as a result of a movement apart of the reefing bows and reforgants made in a substantially horizontal direction as a function of the material to be packed. The tensile force of the foil, which is now stretched in a substantially horizontal direction, causes the overlapping creases 18 lying one above the other in the area ZH of the stretch foil reserve 8 loosely placed during the application process to be tight against the reef bows under considerable stress in the region ZH.

Während des durch vertikale Bewegung der gesamten Vorrichtung während des Überziehvorganges der Stretchfolie über die zu verpackende Ladung bewirkten Abziehvorgangs von den Reffbügeln wird aufgrund der beschriebenen und in Fig. 1 dargestellten vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung der Vorrichtung sichergestellt, dass die Stretchfolie zu Beginn des Überziehvorgangs in dem Glättbereich vor der abzugsseitigen Oberkante der Reffbügel 1 glatt, also ohne Überlappfalten auf den Reffbügeln liegt. Alle Überlappfalten, die möglicherweise im Laufe des Überziehens der Stretchfolie über die zu verpackende Ladung von dem ziehharmonika-förmig gerefft gehaltenen, unter nicht unerheblicher Spannung stehenden Folienvorrat 8 abgezogen werden und dann zunächst den betreffenden Reffbügel 1 entlang gleiten, liegen damit in der definierten, größeren Entfernung vom kritischen Bereich K nahe der abzugsseitigen Oberkante des betreffenden Reffbügels 1, wobei Überlappfalten vorteilhafterweise meist nicht in den kritischen Bereich vordringen. Es ist also gewährleistet, dass jede Überlappfalte, die sich nicht ohnehin sofort beim Abziehen von dem ziehharmonika-förmig aufgerefften Stretchfolienvorrat 8 auflöst, erst eine bestimmte Strecke am betreffenden Reffbügel entlang gleiten muss, bevor sie den kritischen Bereich K des betreffenden Reffbügels 1 erreichen kann. Im Laufe dieses Gleitens über diese Strecke zwischen den Zonen Z1 und Z2 löst sich der überwiegende Teil aller Überlappfalten im Bereich G auf, bevor der kritische Bereich K erreicht wird. Die Gefahr von Störungen durch Dünnziehen bzw. Einreißen der Stretchfolien, die besonders prekär ist, wenn aus den Stretchfolien zuvor Stretchfolienhauben gebildet wurden, wird dadurch wesentlich vermindert.During the peeling operation of the reefing bars caused by vertical movement of the entire device during the covering process of the stretch film over the load to be packaged, the stretched film is ensured in the flattening area at the beginning of the coating process, due to the advantageous embodiment of the device described and shown in FIG the exhaust-side upper edge of the reefing 1 is smooth, so without Überlappfalten on the reefing ironing. All Überlappfalten that may be deducted in the course of the coating of the stretch film on the charge to be packaged from the accordion-reef held, under considerable tension suspendable film supply 8 and then first slide the respective reef bracket 1 along, are thus in the defined, larger Distance from the critical region K near the top edge of the relevant reefer hanger 1, wherein lapping creases advantageously do not usually penetrate into the critical region. It is thus ensured that each overlapping paw, which does not dissolve immediately when pulling off the concertina-shaped stretched stretch film supply 8, must first slide along the relevant reefing bar a certain distance before it can reach the critical region K of the relevant reefer bar 1. In the course of this sliding over this distance between the zones Z1 and Z2, the majority of all overlapping crevices in the area G dissolves before the critical area K is reached. The risk of disruptions caused by thinning or tearing of the stretch films, which is particularly precarious when previously stretch film hoods have been formed from the stretch films, is thereby substantially reduced.

Während des Abziehvorganges stützt sich die Zugrolle 5b in ihrer Betriebsstellung weiterhin auf dem in horizontaler Richtung gesehen schwimmend gelagerten Bügel 12 ab, um so den Glättungseffekt im Bereich G zwischen den Zonen Z1 und Z2 auch während des Abziehvorganges weiterhin aufrecht zu halten. Dabei stützt sich die untere Zugrolle 5b in ihrer Betriebsstellung vorteilhafter Weise an einem Bügel 12 ab, der in horizontaler Richtung gesehen durch die Schraube 14 befestigt und über eine mittels einer Schraube 13 gehaltenen Druckfeder in horizontaler Richtung insofern federbelastet ist, dass ein Andruck des Bügels 12 an die Zugrolle realisiert wird. Wie bereits ausgeführt, kann der Bügel statt einer solchen, vorzugsweise schwimmenden Lagerung federnd-schwenkbar gelagert sein.During the peeling process, the tension roller 5b continues to be supported in its operating position on the bracket 12 mounted in a floating manner in the horizontal direction, in order to be so to maintain the smoothing effect in the region G between zones Z1 and Z2 even during the peeling operation. In this case, the lower traction roller 5b is supported in its operating position advantageously on a bracket 12, which is seen in the horizontal direction fixed by the screw 14 and spring loaded in the horizontal direction over a held by a screw 13 compression spring so far that a pressure of the bracket 12th is realized on the pull roller. As already stated, the bracket may instead of such, preferably floating support be mounted spring-hinged.

Um insbesondere einen Folienstau im Bereich G zwischen den Zonen Z1 und Z2 während des Abziehens der Folie aufgrund der divergierenden Umfangsgeschwindigkeiten der beiden Rollen 5a und 5b zu vermeiden, ist es vorteilhaft, die Lagerung bzw. den Antrieb der Zugrolle 5b derart zu gestalten, dass diese während des Aufreffvorgangs entsprechend über den Reffmotor 3 in Aufreffrichtung antreibbar ist, um die Differenz der Umfangsgeschwindigkeiten der beiden Rollen 5a und 5b sicherzustellen und damit die erwünschte Glättung im Bereich G zu erreichen, die Lagerung bzw. der Antrieb der Zugrolle 5b jedoch zusätzlich mit einem Freilauf ausgestattet ist, welcher das Mitlaufen der Zugrolle 5b mit der Folie in Abzugsrichtung während des Abziehvorganges ermöglicht. Während des Abziehvorgangs weisen demnach die Reffrolle 5a sowie die Zugrolle 5b nahezu die gleiche Umfangsgeschwindigkeit auf. Ein besonders reibungsarmer, aufwendig gestalteter Freilauf ist hier nicht nötig, da die auftretenden Reibungskräfte der Zugrolle 5b bzw. des Freilaufs vielmehr erwünscht sind, da durch diese eine gewisse, wenn auch geringe Bremswirkung auf die Folie ausgeübt wird, welche wiederum den gewünschten Glättungseffekt nun während des Abziehvorganges zur Folge hat. Alternativ wäre auch denkbar, die freilaufende Zugrolle entsprechend abzubremsen bzw. bei einer mit zwei Antrieben ausgestatteten Vorrichtung denjenigen der Zugrolle mit einer geringeren Drehzahl anzutreiben, so dass ebenfalls der gewünschte Effekt auftritt.In order to avoid in particular a film jam in the region G between the zones Z1 and Z2 during the removal of the film due to the divergent peripheral speeds of the two rollers 5a and 5b, it is advantageous to make the storage or the drive of the tension roller 5b such that these during Aufreffvorgangs accordingly on the reef motor 3 can be driven in Aufreffrichtung to ensure the difference in the peripheral speeds of the two rollers 5a and 5b and thus to achieve the desired smoothing in the G, the storage or the drive of the tension roller 5b, however, in addition to a freewheel is equipped, which allows the running of the pull roller 5b with the film in the withdrawal direction during the removal process. Accordingly, during the stripping operation, the refining roller 5a and the tension roller 5b have almost the same circumferential speed. A particularly low-friction, elaborately designed freewheel is not necessary here, since the frictional forces of the tension roller 5b or the freewheel are rather desirable, since it exerts a certain, albeit slight, braking effect on the film, which in turn now produces the desired smoothing effect the removal process has the consequence. Alternatively, it would also be conceivable to decelerate the free-running traction roller accordingly or, in the case of a device equipped with two drives, to drive those of the traction roller at a lower speed, so that the desired effect also occurs.

Claims (15)

  1. A device for enveloping preferably palletized piece goods with a tube-shaped or hood-shaped stretch film (15), with folding frames (1) and folding elements (2), by means of which the section of film forming the covering of the side surface is folded,
    whereby the folding frame (1) is movable in the horizontal direction (S), to stretch the stretch film (15) crosswise after the folding,
    the folding frame (1) can be moved in the vertical direction (W) to pull the stretch film (15) over the piece goods to be packaged, preferably in such a way that the stretch film (15) is stretched longitudinally, and
    each folding element (2) has folding mechanisms (5a, 5b), with which it can act at least temporarily at the same time on two zones (Z1, Z2) of the stretch film (15), offset from each other in the direction of folding,
    whereby each folding device (2) includes at least a first folding roller (5a) and a second draw roller (5b) arranged subsequently with respect to the direction of folding, characterized in that
    the folding roller (5a) has a slower circumferential velocity during the folding operation of the apparatus at its circumference coming in contact with the stretch film than the draw roller (5b), so that the section of stretch film (16) located between the folding roller (5a) and the draw roller (5b) is drawn, preferably stretched, and is arranged free of overlaps on the respective folding frame (1).
  2. A device according to claim 1, characterized in that
    the zones (Z1, Z2) are offset from each other in the folding direction far enough (G) that during covering of the stretch film (15), the overlappings of film sliding along the respective folding frame (1) are reliably drawn apart before reaching the critical region (K) of the folding frame involved.
  3. A device according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that
    the distance between the folding roller (5a) and the draw roller (5b) is adjustable.
  4. A device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that for the folding operation of the device, a section of stretch film (16) is provided in which the stretch film (15) spans the section of the folding frame (1) between the zones (Z1, Z2), without contact.
  5. A device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that for at least one of the two rollers (5a, 5b) a flexibly resilient region (12) of the respective folding frame (1) is provided as a counter-pressure device.
  6. A device according to claim 5, characterized in that the spring force of the flexibly resilient region (12) is adjustable.
  7. A device according to one of claims 5 or 6, characterized in that the flexible region (12) is adjustable with respect to the folding direction.
  8. A device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least the draw roller (5b) is profiled in such a way that it is not in continuous contact with the stretch film when it rolls off the stretch film.
  9. A device according to claim 8, characterized in that the profiled draw roller (5b) has a crosswise tread profile, whose individual treads (17) are formed to be flexibly resilient in the circumferential direction.
  10. A device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a uniform folding motor (3) is provided for the drive of the folding roller (5a) and the draw roller (5b).
  11. A device according to claim 10, characterized in that the draw roller (5b) moves freely in the direction opposite to the folding.
  12. A device according to one of claims 1 through 9, characterized in that the folding roller (5a) and the draw roller (5b) are each provided with their own drive devices.
  13. A device according to claim 12, characterized in that the device is formed in such a way that the folding roller (5a) during the folding operation of the apparatus is driven delayed with respect to the draw roller (5b).
  14. A process for enclosing preferably palletized piece goods with a tube-shaped or hood-shaped stretch film (15) with the following process steps:
    - the stretch film is folded by the folding device (2) at least partially on the folding frame (1), so that it forms an accordion-like folded supply (8), whereby at least a first folding roller (5a) of the folding device (2) and a second draw roller (5b), arranged subsequently with respect to the direction of folding, act on the stretch film (15) temporarily at the same time in two zones (Z1, Z2) offset from each other in the direction of folding,
    - the folded stretch film (15) is stretched crosswise,
    - the folded and crosswise stretched stretch film (15) is drawn over the piece goods to be packaged so that it covers at least the side surfaces of the piece goods to be packaged under tension, where this tension is caused by the previous crosswise stretch, and preferably by an additional vertical stretch,
    characterized in that
    a section of stretch film located between the folding roller (5a) and the draw roller (5b) is drawn, preferably stretched, and is located without overlaps on the respective folding frame (1), whereby the folding roller (5a) during the folding operation of the apparatus has, at its circumference coming in contact with the stretch film, a somewhat slower circumferential speed than the draw roller (5b).
  15. A process according to claim 14, characterized in that
    the folding device for the process is a folding device according to one of claims 1 through 13.
EP04005621A 2004-03-09 2004-03-09 Dual contact system for folding in a concertina-fashion Expired - Lifetime EP1574432B1 (en)

Priority Applications (7)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT04005621T ATE362874T1 (en) 2004-03-09 2004-03-09 DOUBLE CONTACT REFELING SYSTEM
EP04005621A EP1574432B1 (en) 2004-03-09 2004-03-09 Dual contact system for folding in a concertina-fashion
DK04005621T DK1574432T3 (en) 2004-03-09 2004-03-09 Double contact winding system
ES04005621T ES2283893T3 (en) 2004-03-09 2004-03-09 DOUBLE CONTACT FOLDING SYSTEM.
PL04005621T PL1574432T3 (en) 2004-03-09 2004-03-09 Dual contact system for folding in a concertina-fashion
DE502004003875T DE502004003875D1 (en) 2004-03-09 2004-03-09 Double Contact Reef system
PT04005621T PT1574432E (en) 2004-03-09 2004-03-09 Dual contact system for folding in a concertina-fashion

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP04005621A EP1574432B1 (en) 2004-03-09 2004-03-09 Dual contact system for folding in a concertina-fashion

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1574432A1 EP1574432A1 (en) 2005-09-14
EP1574432B1 true EP1574432B1 (en) 2007-05-23

Family

ID=34814278

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP04005621A Expired - Lifetime EP1574432B1 (en) 2004-03-09 2004-03-09 Dual contact system for folding in a concertina-fashion

Country Status (7)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1574432B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE362874T1 (en)
DE (1) DE502004003875D1 (en)
DK (1) DK1574432T3 (en)
ES (1) ES2283893T3 (en)
PL (1) PL1574432T3 (en)
PT (1) PT1574432E (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11827392B2 (en) 2020-05-14 2023-11-28 Signode Industrial Group Llc Stretch-hood machine

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102011000205B4 (en) * 2011-01-18 2014-07-17 Illinois Tool Works Inc. Apparatus and method for reefing a tubular film section
DE102011075451B4 (en) 2011-05-06 2014-05-08 Illinois Tool Works Inc. Method and device for impinging a tubular film section on the refining fingers of a packaging installation
FI124180B (en) 2011-09-30 2014-04-15 Illinois Tool Works Method of bringing a winding machine into a transport position and winding machine
FI125661B (en) 2012-09-07 2015-12-31 Signode Int Ip Holdings Llc Method and apparatus for attaching corner guard to a load
FI125411B (en) 2013-10-31 2015-10-15 Signode Internat Ip Holdings Llc Method and Attachment Device for Attaching the End of a Wrapping Film Web to a Wrapping Machine, and a Wrapping Machine
DE102014106365B4 (en) 2014-05-07 2017-06-14 Lachenmeier Aps Packaging process for packaging a good
DK178374B1 (en) 2014-11-04 2016-01-18 Frank Bruhn Aps HORIZONTALLY ARRANGED WRAP PACKAGING SYSTEM
DE102015101489A1 (en) 2015-02-02 2016-08-04 Signode Industrial Group Llc Packaging device and method of operating the same

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4037105C1 (en) * 1990-11-22 1992-03-05 Brega Verpackungsmaschinen-Anwendungstechnik Gmbh, 5884 Halver, De Stretch film packaging machine - incorporates rollers running at different speeds for stretching effect

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11827392B2 (en) 2020-05-14 2023-11-28 Signode Industrial Group Llc Stretch-hood machine

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2283893T3 (en) 2007-11-01
DE502004003875D1 (en) 2007-07-05
DK1574432T3 (en) 2007-09-24
PT1574432E (en) 2007-08-31
ATE362874T1 (en) 2007-06-15
EP1574432A1 (en) 2005-09-14
PL1574432T3 (en) 2007-10-31

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