EP1569876A1 - Corps composite et procede pour produire une jonction mecanique - Google Patents

Corps composite et procede pour produire une jonction mecanique

Info

Publication number
EP1569876A1
EP1569876A1 EP03780012A EP03780012A EP1569876A1 EP 1569876 A1 EP1569876 A1 EP 1569876A1 EP 03780012 A EP03780012 A EP 03780012A EP 03780012 A EP03780012 A EP 03780012A EP 1569876 A1 EP1569876 A1 EP 1569876A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
connection
useful part
composite body
glass
body according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP03780012A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Ingo DÜNISCH
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Xenon Technologies Germany GmbH
Original Assignee
PerkinElmer Optoelectronics GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by PerkinElmer Optoelectronics GmbH and Co KG filed Critical PerkinElmer Optoelectronics GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP1569876A1 publication Critical patent/EP1569876A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/02—Details
    • H01J61/36—Seals between parts of vessels; Seals for leading-in conductors; Leading-in conductors
    • H01J61/361—Seals between parts of vessel
    • H01J61/363—End-disc seals or plug seals
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B1/00—Layered products having a non-planar shape
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C27/00—Joining pieces of glass to pieces of other inorganic material; Joining glass to glass other than by fusing
    • C03C27/02—Joining pieces of glass to pieces of other inorganic material; Joining glass to glass other than by fusing by fusing glass directly to metal
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/02—Details
    • H01J61/04—Electrodes; Screens; Shields
    • H01J61/06—Main electrodes
    • H01J61/067—Main electrodes for low-pressure discharge lamps
    • H01J61/0672—Main electrodes for low-pressure discharge lamps characterised by the construction of the electrode
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/02—Details
    • H01J61/04—Electrodes; Screens; Shields
    • H01J61/06—Main electrodes
    • H01J61/067—Main electrodes for low-pressure discharge lamps
    • H01J61/0675—Main electrodes for low-pressure discharge lamps characterised by the material of the electrode
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/02—Details
    • H01J61/04—Electrodes; Screens; Shields
    • H01J61/06—Main electrodes
    • H01J61/073—Main electrodes for high-pressure discharge lamps
    • H01J61/0732—Main electrodes for high-pressure discharge lamps characterised by the construction of the electrode
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/02—Details
    • H01J61/04—Electrodes; Screens; Shields
    • H01J61/06—Main electrodes
    • H01J61/073—Main electrodes for high-pressure discharge lamps
    • H01J61/0735—Main electrodes for high-pressure discharge lamps characterised by the material of the electrode
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/02—Details
    • H01J61/36—Seals between parts of vessels; Seals for leading-in conductors; Leading-in conductors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/02—Details
    • H01J61/36—Seals between parts of vessels; Seals for leading-in conductors; Leading-in conductors
    • H01J61/366—Seals for leading-in conductors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/70—Lamps with low-pressure unconstricted discharge having a cold pressure < 400 Torr
    • H01J61/80—Lamps suitable only for intermittent operation, e.g. flash lamp
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/84—Lamps with discharge constricted by high pressure
    • H01J61/90—Lamps suitable only for intermittent operation, e.g. flash lamp
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J9/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture, installation, removal, maintenance of electric discharge tubes, discharge lamps, or parts thereof; Recovery of material from discharge tubes or lamps
    • H01J9/24—Manufacture or joining of vessels, leading-in conductors or bases
    • H01J9/32—Sealing leading-in conductors
    • H01J9/323—Sealing leading-in conductors into a discharge lamp or a gas-filled discharge device

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a composite body and a method for producing a mechanical connection according to the preambles of the independent claims.
  • those composite bodies or those production methods are addressed which are suitable for applications which are intended to be vacuum-tight, for example lamps, in particular flash lamps.
  • Fig. La shows the vacuum-tight passage of a wire 10 through a glass wall 15.
  • the wire is preloaded, indicated by the dashed contour 16. Then it is melted into a glass tube end (Fig. La) or in a glass plate (Fig. Lb).
  • Glass and metal are chosen so that their thermal expansion coefficient has a similar course from melting point to cooling ("full adaptation"). However, if this full adjustment is not possible, stress cracks in the glass or detachment of the wire from the glass can occur. If the mismatch between the two is too great for a direct melting of the metal into the glass, as shown in FIG.
  • the stress can be absorbed in stages by intermediate glasses 17 a to 17 c and / or by a dome geometry 17 d.
  • Fig. 1d shows the so-called “cutting glazing”
  • Fig. Le shows the "foil crushing”.
  • the metal partner 11, 13 is so thin that it can absorb any deformations that may occur, so that no dangerous stresses occur in the glass.
  • Fig. Lf shows the principle of "pressure glazing".
  • Wire 10 and metal plate 12 have a somewhat higher coefficient of expansion than the melting glass 15. However, no stress cracks occur in the glass part 15, because after melting the metal 12 shrinks onto the glass 15 and thereby generates a compressive stress.
  • Fig. Lg shows an embodiment in which a metallic cap 11 is glued to a glass tube 15 by means of an epoxy adhesive 18.
  • FIG. 1h shows the connection of two glass parts 15, 14 by means of indium 19.
  • the composite bodies shown in FIG. 1 have one or more of the following disadvantages:
  • DE-AS 2150092 discloses a method for connecting glass or ceramic to metals.
  • An aluminum-containing copper alloy with an aluminum oxide-containing surface layer is used as the metal.
  • Disadvantages of this approach are the low ductility and thus poor resistance to temperature changes as well as the insufficient bond between glass and metal due to the aluminum oxide.
  • DE-AS 2018752 discloses a method for the gas-tight connection of metal and glass surfaces.
  • the process works in temperature ranges below the melting point of the metal and presses the surfaces to be joined against each other under high pressure.
  • the disadvantage of the method is that it leads to inadequate connection results and can only be used with comparatively simple geometries. The resistance to temperature changes is low.
  • a seal between ceramic and metallic objects is known from DE 3827318A1.
  • a composite sealing element made of metal with aluminum as the main component is provided with a coating of another metal. The metal is then brought into contact with the other components and heated above the melting point.
  • Disadvantages are the cumbersome production, the lack of shape flexibility and the low ductility at the interface, which leads to a deterioration in the resistance to temperature changes.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a composite body which has a firm, durable, temperature change-resistant and vacuum-tight connection and which is inexpensive to manufacture, and to provide a method for producing a mechanical connection with which a composite body having the above properties can be produced. This object is achieved with the features of the independent claims. Dependent claims are directed on preferred embodiments of the invention.
  • a composite body in the sense of this invention has at least a first useful part and a connection.
  • the connection can also be designed as a plug in an opening or a pipe end.
  • the first product is made of glass, the connection is aluminum in a comparatively pure form. The connection has melted onto the glass.
  • the composite body according to the invention is a preferably one-piece, hollow glass body which is closed by the connection, preferably vacuum-tight.
  • Aluminum has proven to be a metal, the oxide of which dissolves in glasses, in particular silicate glasses, in certain temperature ranges and thus leads to an intimate mechanical connection. This solubility of the oxides in silicate glasses can also be found for other metals (Mg, Zn, Cd, In, Tl, Sn, Pb, Sb, Bi, Mn).
  • Aluminum has advantages over them in that it is inexpensive even in high purity, it conducts electricity and heat very well, it is very ductile, it adheres particularly well to silicate glasses (soft glasses, hard glasses such as borosilicate and aluminosilicate glasses, quartz glass), at the melting point has very low vapor pressure, is resistant to the atmosphere, adheres well to all technical metals, is non-toxic, has a favorable temperature processing range and can be wetted directly with soft solder.
  • silicate glasses soft glasses, hard glasses such as borosilicate and aluminosilicate glasses, quartz glass
  • a material for a connection on a composite aluminum in relatively pure form although in comparison to glasses, in particular silicate, a comparatively high coefficient of expansion (26 • 10 "6 / ° C for Alumini - um, 9 • 10 '6 / ° C for soft glasses, 4 • 10 "6 / ° C for hard glasses, 0.5 • 10 " 6 / ° C for quartz glass).
  • a comparatively high coefficient of expansion 26 • 10 "6 / ° C for Alumini - um, 9 • 10 '6 / ° C for soft glasses, 4 • 10 "6 / ° C for hard glasses, 0.5 • 10 " 6 / ° C for quartz glass.
  • the ductility of the aluminum can only be maintained in the necessary order of magnitude if the aluminum is comparatively pure, i.e. is practically unalloyed, which also includes the provision of a surface. chen coating, especially in the course of processing.
  • the aluminum content in the connecting material is preferably above 99% by weight, more preferably above 99
  • the manufacturing process for the composite body is therefore such that a possible aluminum oxide layer on the aluminum of the compound 20 is removed before it is connected to the glass 15 of the useful part, and then the aluminum of the compound heated to the melting point 20 is brought into contact with the glass with its surface cleaned of oxides.
  • the aluminum can react with the constituents of the glass, in particular by reducing Si0 2 of the glass and the oxygen released in this way combines with aluminum to form A1 2 0 3 .
  • the oxide formed in this way can then diffuse into the glass as mentioned above and contribute to the intimate bond.
  • process parameters can be set so that the described type of oxide formation and oxide diffusion are favored. If necessary, further measures described below can be taken. In particular, several or all of the above-mentioned process steps can be carried out in a protective gas atmosphere or in a vacuum.
  • connection is a material mixture
  • FIG 9 shows an embodiment of a gas discharge lamp or a flash lamp.
  • Fig. 2 shows an embodiment of the composite body.
  • the composite body has a first useful part 15 and a connection 20.
  • the first useful part 15 is made of glass.
  • it can be a glass tube. It can be sealed at one end (not shown). At the other end (shown) it is closed with the connection 20.
  • the connection 20 is melted onto the first useful part 15.
  • the connection has aluminum.
  • the aluminum is present in a purity of at least 99% by weight, preferably at least 99.9% by weight. In this respect, it preferably has no metallic alloys or additives. It preferably has no surface coating (e.g. for protection against oxidation) even during processing.
  • the connection is preferably vacuum-tight on the first useful part 15.
  • the end of the tube, not shown, can also be designed in the manner according to the invention.
  • the composite body will often be vacuum-tight. Inside, it can be filled with an inert gas under low pressure, it can then serve as a gas discharge tube, for example as a flash lamp.
  • the flash tube can have the composite body and starting from a glass tube as a useful part 15 be formed.
  • the tube can be designed according to the invention at only one or at both ends.
  • Typical dimensions for a glass tube shown in FIG. 2 are an outer diameter of approximately 4 mm + ⁇ 3 mm, preferably 2.5 mm +/- 1 mm, and a length of 20 to 30 mm.
  • the extent of the connection in the axial direction of the tube may be 1.2 times the inner diameter of +/- 40%, preferably +/- 10% Betra SOE * v n.
  • connection 20 is melted onto the first useful part 15 made of glass.
  • the material of the connection 20 is brought into contact with the first useful part 15 as desired and heated above its melting point. After the material of the connection has flowed and in particular after it has been deposited on the walls of the useful part, the entire arrangement is cooled again.
  • the process parameters are preferably set so that aluminum oxide forms and can diffuse into the glass, so that an intimate connection is formed.
  • the process temperatures are selected so that the aluminum of the connection 20 melts, but the glass of the first useful part 15 does not yet soften. Within this temperature range, the temperature can be selected with a view to the improved or optimal diffusion of the aluminum oxide into the glass 15 ° C.
  • connection 20 thus serves to connect a first useful part to a second useful part, preferably in a vacuum-tight manner and / or to close an opening of the first useful part.
  • connection is preferably established in such a way that the material of the connection is spatially brought into the area of the first useful part in which the connection is to be formed later. Then the connecting material is heated together with the one or more useful parts until at least the aluminum is liquefied. It then enters into the intimate connection with the glass described above. Then the composite body is cooled again, so that the connecting material and in particular the aluminum becomes solid again.
  • connection is preferably established in a vacuum or under protective gas. More preferably, care is taken to ensure that the aluminum is present on its surface in a pure form and in particular slightly oxidized (less than 10% of the natural passivation) or unoxidized (less than 0.5% of the natural passivation) before the connection is established.
  • aluminum is oxidized (passivated) and the resulting oxide layer can be too thick to allow the diffusion mechanism described above.
  • this aluminum comes into contact with the glass, in particular silicate glass, in liquid form, reduces its oxides and thereby oxidizes itself, so that the aluminum oxide thus formed can then diffuse into the glass.
  • this protective gas can be a gas with which the resulting composite body is to be filled.
  • the protective gas can have xenon.
  • 3 a and 3 b show embodiments in which the resulting composite body has two useful parts 15 and 10.
  • 15 is the first useful part made of glass, 10 a second useful part, in this case made of metal, for example a wire, which can serve as an electrode.
  • metal for example a wire
  • any metal can be chosen for the wire, in particular copper.
  • 3 a shows a composite body in which the first useful part 15 is a glass tube (with dimensions, e.g. as mentioned above), while FIG. 3 b shows a composite body in which the first useful part 15 is a glass plate.
  • the connection 20 can be designed or produced as described above.
  • FIGS. 4a to 4c show embodiments for higher thermal alternating loads. They are suitable for thermal alternating loads when using the molded body up to 150 ° C.
  • the embodiments in FIGS. 4a to 4c each have a reinforcement and / or rounded edges 15a in the area in which the first useful part 15 made of glass contacts the connection 20.
  • the diameter b of the edge reinforcement is preferred chosen larger than the diameter d of the opening to be closed.
  • 4b shows the case in which a metallic pin or wire forms a second useful part 10 of the composite body.
  • 4c shows an electrode 41 which is fused to the connection 20 in the interior of the tube.
  • the electrode 41 can be a sintered body.
  • connection 42 denotes a solder, preferably soft solder, which completely or partially covers the outside of the connection 20. As shown, the soft solder can protrude down the pipe end. The connection may protrude downwards from the pipe end or be flush with it or, as shown in FIG. 1 or 4c, may remain behind.
  • auxiliary bodies 51, 52 or second useful parts 55 are used together with the connection 20 as described above to close an opening, the auxiliary bodies 51, 52 or the second useful part 55 having a coefficient of thermal expansion which is smaller than that of aluminum and is preferably approximately equal to that of the first useful part 15 (deviation less than 50%).
  • the auxiliary body 51, 52 is then placed in or over the opening of the first useful part 15 to be closed.
  • a connection 20 is then again established between the first useful part 15 and auxiliary body 51, 52 or the second useful part 55.
  • Auxiliary bodies 51, 52 or the second useful part 55 can be coated beforehand with a metal 56, in particular aluminum or the connecting material. This covering can take place in the manner described for producing the composite according to the invention between the connection and the useful part.
  • the auxiliary body 51, 52 or the second useful part 55 can consist of glass or of the same material as the first useful part 15 and can have the same or a smaller coefficient of thermal expansion than this. Even with high temperature differences during operation, the comparatively small dimensions of the connection cross sections result in only low stresses, which can be absorbed by the ductility of the aluminum.
  • 5b shows an embodiment in which a metallic component 53 is attached to the inside of the auxiliary body 52.
  • connection 20 can be contacted via the connection 20 on the outside, since the connection 20 extends from the inside to the outside of the first useful part.
  • 5c shows an embodiment in which a second useful part 55 is guided into the opening and intimately connected to the first useful part 15 via the connection 20 is connected.
  • the protruding part of the second useful part 55 can be used to attach a cable 58 to it, if necessary by means of a clip or clamp 57 or via a soldering (not shown).
  • An electrode 54 is again fitted on the inside of the second useful part 55.
  • FIG. 5d shows an embodiment in which the opening of the first useful part 15, here a glass tube with preferably dimensions as mentioned above, is essentially occupied by a second useful part 59, which can serve directly as an electrode.
  • the second useful part 59 can be a metallic sintered body, which can be porous. On its side facing the pipe opening (bottom in FIG. 5d), the sintered body is completely covered by aluminum or aluminum alloy 20. The coefficient of expansion of the second useful part 59 is smaller than that of aluminum.
  • the second useful part 59 is mechanically held, sealed and electrically contacted by the aluminum layer 20 at the end of the glass tube
  • connection 20 preferably projects beyond the cut surface of the tube. In FIG. 5d, the connection 20 thus projects further down than the lowermost edge of the glass tube.
  • the connection 20 can be designed such that it not only covers the inner wall 15a of the first useful part 15, but also the end face 15b.
  • the aluminum or the connection 20 does not have to cover the second useful part 59 over the entire extent into the tube.
  • the connection 20 can cover it, starting from the open end, for example by less than half the extent into the tube, preferably less than a third of this extent.
  • the connecting layer 20 can be chosen to be comparatively thin, since in the region of the opening of the tube 15 it only has the task of sealing the porous second useful body 59 in a vacuum-tight manner.
  • the mechanical stability of the body is due to the stable second body
  • connection 59 ensures itself, which essentially supports the connection layer 20.
  • the connection 20 can then also serve as electrical contact for the second useful part 59.
  • 6a to 6d show embodiments in which the connection has aluminum on the one hand and a filler 60 on the other hand.
  • the filler is selected so that it has a smaller coefficient of thermal expansion than aluminum.
  • the filler 60 can be selected such that it has a coefficient of thermal expansion approximately equal to that of the first useful part 15. It can also be chosen smaller than this. It can be glass grains or glass powder. The mixture of aluminum and filler thus has a coefficient of thermal expansion that approximates that of the first useful part 15.
  • This embodiment is therefore also suitable for high thermal alternating loads during operation.
  • a glass powder with a comparatively low coefficient of thermal expansion e.g. quartz glass
  • a coefficient of thermal expansion can be set by adjusting the mixing ratio between the filler and aluminum, which is very close to that of the first useful part 15 if this has a coefficient of thermal expansion that is between that of aluminum and that of the filler (eg borosilicate glasses).
  • the mixing of aluminum with the filler can take place in the manner described for the production of the composite according to the invention between the connection and the useful part, in particular, therefore, by cleaning the aluminum from an oxide layer before the filler is added.
  • 6a shows an embodiment in which one end of the tube 15 is closed with the connection 20, 60.
  • 6b shows an embodiment in which a wire 10 (as a second useful part) is inserted in the connection 20, 60 from the outside.
  • An electrode 61 is melted into the connection 20, 60 from the inside.
  • the electrode 61 can have selected materials, for example tungsten, as required. If necessary, the wire can also be connected (in one piece).
  • 6c and 6d show embodiments in which electrodes 62, 63 are only inserted inside the connection 20, 60 for certain purposes. They are melted into the connection 20, 60 and protrude inwards from it.
  • 62 is a metallic electrode with a certain geometry
  • 63 is a sintered body.
  • the batch connection 20, 60 can also be used in the embodiment of FIG. 5d.
  • the filler 60 can be glass powder, glass particles, glass grains or glass powder and / or another granular or powdery / granular material, for example tungsten and / or molybdenum.
  • the basic material is aluminum, preferably in the purity mentioned at the beginning.
  • the first useful part 15 is a tube which is closed at one end with the connection 20 (optionally with filler 60).
  • the connection 20, 60 can have material variations on the inside and / or outside.
  • An embodiment is shown in which a solder layer 71 is attached to the outside of the connection 20, 60.
  • a solder layer 71 is attached to the outside of the connection 20, 60.
  • it can be a tin-lead solder.
  • the layer can be applied after the connection 20, 60 has been formed. As a rule, it will then be a discrete, distinguishable layer.
  • a layer 72 serving as a cathode is shown on the inside. It can have cesium and / or barium and / or their oxides. The layer 72 can be applied or melted subsequently and is then also discrete and distinguishable from the connection 20, 60.
  • connection 20, 60 can also be alloyed into the connection 20, 60. This can be done, for example, by not only introducing the solid connection material 20, 60 into the tube before melting, but also the material of the cathode 72 when the connection is formed.
  • the connection 20, 60 is melting, the electrode material also melts, so that diffusion and thus mixing occurs between the electrode material and the connecting material. This takes place mainly away from the contact area between connection 20, 60 and useful part 15.
  • connection can have a metallic coating on the outer side, in particular with one or more of the elements tin, silver, copper, zinc, cadmium, lead or with alloys of one or more of these elements.
  • the coating can in particular be provided in order to make the outside soft-solderable.
  • FIGS. 8a to 8c likewise show embodiments which are particularly suitable for high thermal alternating loads.
  • the composite body is essentially a glass tube 15 with optional main dimensions, as mentioned above.
  • the focal length of the flash lamp (width between the electrodes) can be in the range above 12, preferably above 17 mm and / or below 30, preferred less than 25 mm.
  • the glass tube has a free area 82, in which essentially the electrical-physical processes that bring about the lighting effect take place. The free area 82 thus extends essentially over the focal length of the glass tube and can optionally also fully or partially include the electrode lengths.
  • the glass tube 15 also has a closure region 81, in which the glass tube is closed in a vacuum-tight manner by the connection 20, 60. 8a shows only one end of the glass tube, the other end can also be formed.
  • the cross-sectional shape can be different at least in some areas than in the free area 82.
  • the cross section can be flattened.
  • a cross-section (according to FIG. 8b) can be such that a cross-sectional dimension DV has at most 1 mm, preferably at most 0.3 mm, more preferably at most 0.1 mm.
  • the flattening can go so far that the cross-sectional dimension DV mentioned does not measure more than 30 ⁇ m or even no more than 10 ⁇ m.
  • the second useful part 59 can be attached or electrically connected as described with reference to FIGS.
  • connection 20, 60 preferably fills the remaining volume in the sealing area completely, particularly up to the pipe end, so that the connection 20, 60 also for electrical coupling can serve outside.
  • the dimension DV of the connection in the closure area 81 can be less than 10%, preferably less than 3%, further preferably less than 1% of the cross-sectional dimension DK through the entire body at the same location.
  • FIG. 8c shows a further cross section through the structure of FIG. 8a.
  • the section in FIG. 8c runs perpendicularly through the plane of the drawing in FIG. 8a and perpendicular to the section in FIG. 8b.
  • the width of the connection BV in this sectional plane is wider than the inside diameter DI of the tube 15 in the free area 82. If one selects such an embodiment together with that according to FIGS. 8a and 8b, achieve the thinning of the connection in a simple manner by flattening the end region of the pipe 15 together with the connection 20, 60.
  • a composite body according to one of FIGS. 8a to 8c can be obtained by mechanical deformation of the composite body after the connection 20, 60 has been introduced.
  • the structure can be heated to above the softening point of the glass of the tube 15 and then flattened. Embodiments according to FIGS. 8b and 8c are then obtained.
  • FIG. 9 shows a further embodiment.
  • the closure areas 81a and 81b at the two ends of the glass tube 15 can be designed in the same way.
  • Fig. 9 shows an embodiment in which the closed ends are angled.
  • the longitudinal axis 93 of the glass tube 15 forms an angle ⁇ with the axis (or, in the case of curved embodiments, the tangent at the end of the tube) 94a or 94b, which can be in the range between 45 and 135 °, preferably 80 to 100 °, ⁇ can be essentially a right angle.
  • the closure area 81a can, but does not have to be, as described with reference to FIGS. 8a-c.
  • connection 20, 60 preferably fills the tube up to its free end (in the figure below), so that it can serve as an electrical connection.
  • the coupling of the electrode inside the glass tube 15 can take place electrically and mechanically as described with reference to FIGS. 5d or 6d.
  • the electrodes 59a and 59b can be constructed as a metallic sintered body (according to FIGS. 5d or 6d).
  • the angled areas 96 preferably have a cross-sectional shape as shown in FIG. 8b, the dimension DV lies in the drawing plane of FIG. 9, the dimension BV perpendicular to the drawing plane.
  • the length of the angled areas 96a and 96b is preferably dimensioned such that the straight area 97 of the tube 15 has a height H above the printed circuit board 98 so that a reflector 95 fits underneath and, if appropriate, also has a lateral extension (out of the plane of the drawing) can.
  • the composite body designed as a lamp in particular a gas discharge tube or flash lamp, is suitable for direct mounting on a printed circuit board 98.
  • the lamp is thus designed as an SMD (surface mounted device).
  • the end faces can have a solder layer (for example tin-lead solder). The bending can take place if, for example, a cross-sectional shape according to FIG.
  • the features described with reference to FIGS. 2 to 8 can be combined with one another.
  • the invention is particularly suitable for moldings which form part of a gas discharge tube, an electron tube or a lamp.
  • gas discharge tubes flash lamps should be mentioned in particular.
  • these are tubes filled with an inert gas that are sealed in a vacuum-tight manner. They have two electrodes, each of which has to penetrate the glass housing wall in a vacuum-tight manner.
  • the connection 20, 60 in particular without a second useful part (as shown in FIG. 3), can serve on the inside as an electrode and / or on the outside as an electrical connection (see FIGS. 2, 4a, 6a and others).
  • the electric conductivity of aluminum is so high that an electrical connection with a sufficiently low losses from inside to outside 'via the connection 20, 60 can be done alone. Additional electrodes 10 are optionally selected according to other criteria.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Vessels And Coating Films For Discharge Lamps (AREA)
  • Joining Of Glass To Other Materials (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Electron Tubes, Discharge Lamp Vessels, Lead-In Wires, And The Like (AREA)
  • Glass Compositions (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un corps composite comprenant une première partie utile (15) en verre et une jonction mécanique (20) qui est montée par fusion sur la première partie utile (15) et présente de l'aluminium.
EP03780012A 2002-12-09 2003-11-20 Corps composite et procede pour produire une jonction mecanique Withdrawn EP1569876A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10257477A DE10257477B4 (de) 2002-12-09 2002-12-09 Blitzlampe bildender Verbundkörper und Verfahren zum Herstellen eines eine Blitzlampe bildenden Verbundkörpers
DE10257477 2002-12-09
PCT/EP2003/013022 WO2004052800A1 (fr) 2002-12-09 2003-11-20 Corps composite et procede pour produire une jonction mecanique

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1569876A1 true EP1569876A1 (fr) 2005-09-07

Family

ID=32477482

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP03780012A Withdrawn EP1569876A1 (fr) 2002-12-09 2003-11-20 Corps composite et procede pour produire une jonction mecanique

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (2) US7687996B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1569876A1 (fr)
JP (2) JP2006519747A (fr)
KR (1) KR100788096B1 (fr)
CN (2) CN1745045A (fr)
DE (1) DE10257477B4 (fr)
TW (1) TWI324587B (fr)
WO (1) WO2004052800A1 (fr)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102005022376B4 (de) * 2005-05-13 2009-11-19 Perkinelmer Optoelectronics Gmbh & Co.Kg Lampe und Verfahren zur Herstellung derselben
SG182869A1 (en) * 2011-01-18 2012-08-30 Xenon Technologies Pte Ltd Flash lamp with electrode pin pre-joined to disc
CN103537772B (zh) * 2013-09-24 2015-07-01 四川泛华航空仪表电器有限公司 金属外壳与封端玻璃的气密性焊接方法
CN105097385A (zh) * 2015-09-10 2015-11-25 安徽华夏显示技术股份有限公司 一种用于整流管的芯柱及其制作方法
EP4296565A3 (fr) * 2018-10-01 2024-02-28 Flowil International Lighting (Holding) B.V. Source de lumière à del linéaire et procédé de fabrication

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
KR100788096B1 (ko) 2007-12-21
WO2004052800A1 (fr) 2004-06-24
TWI324587B (en) 2010-05-11
DE10257477A1 (de) 2004-07-08
CN1745045A (zh) 2006-03-08
DE10257477B4 (de) 2010-09-02
US7687996B2 (en) 2010-03-30
CN101901736A (zh) 2010-12-01
JP2011040397A (ja) 2011-02-24
US20100136872A1 (en) 2010-06-03
US7955153B2 (en) 2011-06-07
KR20050085475A (ko) 2005-08-29
JP2006519747A (ja) 2006-08-31
TW200427647A (en) 2004-12-16
US20060124694A1 (en) 2006-06-15

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