Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
  • B62B—HAND-PROPELLED VEHICLES, e.g. HAND CARTS OR PERAMBULATORS; SLEDGES
  • B62B1/00—Hand carts having only one axis carrying one or more transport wheels; Equipment therefor
  • B62B1/02—Hand carts having only one axis carrying one or more transport wheels; Equipment therefor in which the wheel axis is disposed between the load and the handles
  • B62B1/08—Hand carts having only one axis carrying one or more transport wheels; Equipment therefor in which the wheel axis is disposed between the load and the handles having auxiliary wheels used during loading or unloading
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
  • B62B—HAND-PROPELLED VEHICLES, e.g. HAND CARTS OR PERAMBULATORS; SLEDGES
  • B62B1/00—Hand carts having only one axis carrying one or more transport wheels; Equipment therefor
  • B62B1/10—Hand carts having only one axis carrying one or more transport wheels; Equipment therefor in which the load is intended to be transferred totally to the wheels
  • B62B1/14—Hand carts having only one axis carrying one or more transport wheels; Equipment therefor in which the load is intended to be transferred totally to the wheels involving means for grappling or securing in place objects to be carried; Loading or unloading equipment
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
  • B62B—HAND-PROPELLED VEHICLES, e.g. HAND CARTS OR PERAMBULATORS; SLEDGES
  • B62B1/00—Hand carts having only one axis carrying one or more transport wheels; Equipment therefor
  • B62B1/10—Hand carts having only one axis carrying one or more transport wheels; Equipment therefor in which the load is intended to be transferred totally to the wheels
  • B62B1/16—Hand carts having only one axis carrying one or more transport wheels; Equipment therefor in which the load is intended to be transferred totally to the wheels involving tiltably-mounted containers
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
  • B62B—HAND-PROPELLED VEHICLES, e.g. HAND CARTS OR PERAMBULATORS; SLEDGES
  • B62B2203/00—Grasping, holding, supporting the objects
  • B62B2203/02—Grasping, holding, supporting the objects suspended
  • B62B2203/04—Grasping, holding, supporting the objects suspended pivotally, e.g. for keeping it horizontally

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a carriage for moving a load associated with hooking means, this carriage comprising at least one wheel with a transverse axis A connected to a chassis provided with at least one gripping member and at least one zone hook intended to receive the load hooking means, the chassis being movable in rotation about the axis A between at least one loading position in which the load rests on the ground and the hooking means are engaged on the attachment area and a transport position in which the carriage carries the load above the ground.
• this type of trolley allows a user, for example an individual or an employee within the framework of his work, to transport all types of loads such as, for example, construction materials presented in bags, in buckets, in bulk, over distances ranging from a few meters to a few hundred meters.
• loads such as, for example, construction materials presented in bags, in buckets, in bulk, over distances ranging from a few meters to a few hundred meters.
• the physical effort to be produced is limited.
• the user proceeds in several steps. Firstly, he grabs it, lifts it up and hangs it or places it on the carriage using hooking means such as a hook, a bar, a box or any other equivalent means. Then, it moves the assembly formed from the carriage, hooking means and the load to the place of unloading of the load.
• the first difficulty encountered by the user is therefore to lift the load to place it on the trolley.
• the lifting effort required can be significant and make the use of the cart inaccessible to some people who are physically unable to move the load.
• pendulum carriages such as that described in publication F -A-2 713 576 is to facilitate the movement of loads by allowing the load to be kept in the "vertical" position whatever the inclination of the chassis.
• the carriage comprises a chassis provided with two operating arms carrying a plate and movable in rotation. This trolley, although it provides better stability during transport, does not, however, appreciably limit the efforts necessary to lift and transport the load.
• publication FR-A-2 745 255 describes a carriage comprising a chassis provided with front wheels and an operating arm and forks receiving the ears for gripping a load.
• This pendulum type carriage is arranged so that in normal use the load it carries remains permanently at the front of the wheels. Therefore, when this carriage is loaded, it can not be supported for example on a rear foot.
• the minimum ground clearance requires such a configuration of the chassis that it is necessary to tilt the chassis strongly forward to engage the gripping ears in the forks to take the load. This forward tilt makes it difficult, if not impossible, to tilt backwards to lift the load, the torque to be applied depending in particular on the desired end position for the center of gravity of the load.
• the publications FR-2 496 582 and FR-1 114 586 provide trolleys to facilitate this step. These carriages have parallel wheels of axis A, assembled to a frame extended by a rigid bar provided with a handle.
• the chassis comprises, on both sides, attachment zones intended to receive the means hooking carrying the load.
• To lift the load the user lifts the chassis and tilts it around the axis A, forward, so as to bring the attachment zones under the attachment means.
• the rigid bar is then strongly inclined.
• the attachment means engaged on the attachment zones the user lowers the frame and tilts it around the axis A, towards the rear, which has the effect of lifting the load which pivots slightly around the means hooking.
• the load thus carried by the carriage can then be moved freely by the carriage.
• the main forces used during these manipulations are the torques exerted with respect to the axis A. These are the following torques: - the "load” torque resulting from the weight of the sub-assembly formed by the load and the means of attachment and of the distance separating the attachment zones from axis A, the “carriage” torque resulting from the weight of the chassis and the distance separating the center of gravity of the carriage from axis A, the “action” torque "resulting from the action of the user on the handle of the rigid bar and the distance separating the handle from the A axis.
• publication FR-A-997 556 proposes a carriage comprising pivoting means controlled by the load relative to the chassis.
• This chassis is provided with forks receiving the gripping ears of a load and movable tracks in rotation coupled to the gripping ears in support.
• the raceways are in contact with the ground and pivot around the axis defined by the forks, causing the load to tilt and turn over.
• This chassis thus makes it possible to facilitate the unloading operation but does not make it possible to significantly reduce the lifting and transport efforts of the load.
• publication DE-A-40 16 609 describes a carriage comprising means for tilting the load to empty it.
• the chassis is provided with a maneuvering arm coupled to a lever making it possible to pivot the load in support by its gripping ears on bearings provided on the chassis.
• This trolley does not, however, limit the efforts to lift and transport the load.
• FIG. 5 of this publication illustrates the difficulty of using such a carriage which requires, at the start of lifting the load from the ground, the application of a very large tilting torque towards the rear. Indeed, this tilting torque must be applied to the handles of the maneuvering arm which are then located at the front of the vertical of the wheels, hence considerable efforts.
• this trolley does not offer optimum safety for the user. In fact, when the carriage is in the position illustrated in FIG. 6, a very slight force on the handle or the displacement of the center of gravity of the load during dumping may cause the carriage to tilt inadvertently towards the front.
• the present invention aims to overcome these drawbacks by proposing a trolley making it possible to simultaneously limit the efforts necessary to lift and move a load, easy to use, of simple design, practical to use for any user, which can be used with any type of load. and on any type of terrain, easily removable, inexpensive.
• the invention relates to a carriage of the kind indicated in the preamble, characterized in that it comprises displacement means arranged to cause the at least longitudinal displacement of the hooking means and consequently of the load relative to said chassis to bring the center of gravity of the assembly formed by the carriage and the load closer to the vertical passing through said axis A when the chassis passes from its loading position to its transport position.
• the displacement means comprise at least one bevelled wedge defining the attachment zone and arranged to cause displacement by gravity.
• This bevelled wedge can be fixed to the chassis in an adjustable manner.
• the displacement means comprise at least one counterweight.
• This counterweight can be movable relative to the chassis or adjustable in position relative to the chassis.
• the displacement means comprise at least one actuator intended to connect the chassis to the attachment means and / or to the counterweight.
• the displacement means can comprise several actuators associated with synchronization means arranged to synchronize the movement of the attachment means.
• This actuator can use an energy chosen from the group comprising at least, pneumatics, hydraulics, electrics and is advantageously chosen from the group comprising at least one jack, one motor.
• the actuator can be combined with servo means arranged to at least partially automatically adjust the position of the center of gravity of the assembly formed by the chassis and the load relative to the vertical passing through the axis A.
• the displacement means comprise at least one slide formed by at least one fixed element, integral with the chassis and at least one element movable in translation relative to the fixed element, the movable element defining the attachment area.
• the displacement means comprise at least one traction cable, one end of which is linked to the hooking means and the other is accessible for being actuated by the user.
• the displacement means are advantageously associated with stop means, for example reliefs provided on the bevelled wedge and / or with braking means.
• the carriage preferably comprises two attachment zones arranged substantially symmetrically with respect to the longitudinal axis of the chassis and the load comprises two gripping lugs defining at least partially the attachment means.
• the attachment means are preferably chosen from the group comprising at least one box, a bar and the attachment zones.
• the attachment means are advantageously arranged to allow the load to pivot about an axis B substantially parallel to the axis A.
• FIGS. 1A and 1B are perspective views respectively of a chassis and of the attachment means of a first example of a carriage according to the invention
• FIGS. 2A and 2B are side views of the carriage of FIG. 1A respectively in the loading and transport positions
• FIGS. 3A and 3B are respectively perspective and side views of the means for moving the carriage of FIG. 1A,
• FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a second example of a carriage according to the invention.
• FIGS. 5A-5C are side views of the carriage of FIG. 4 respectively in the loading, intermediate and transport position, and
• Figures 6A and 6B are side views of another example of a carriage according to the invention, respectively in the loading and transport position. Illustration of the invention:
• the carriage la-c comprises in a known manner a chassis 2a-c carried by two wheels 3a-c substantially parallel, of transverse axis A.
• the frame 2ac is formed of panels 4a, 4'a, 4b, 4'b, 4c assembled. It is provided with a handle 50 a-c connected to the chassis by a rigid bar 5a-5c facilitating the operation of the trolley la-c.
• the chassis 2a-c comprises two attachment zones 6a-c arranged laterally in the panels 4a-c and intended to receive the attachment means 7 of a load (not shown) to be lifted and moved.
• the chassis 2a-c is movable in rotation about the axis A between a loading position in which, the load being placed on the ground, the attachment means 7 are engaged on the attachment zones 6a-c, and a transport position in which the carriage la-c carries the load suspended by the attachment means 7 bearing on the attachment zones 6a-c.
• the load thus carried by the chassis 2a-c can then be moved freely with the trolley la-c.
• the frame 2a-c comprises two side panels 4a-c, the upper ends of which are provided with fastening zones 6a-6c provided with two stop fingers 60a-c, 60'ac provided for blocking the movement of the fastening means 7.
• the side panels 4a-c are connected by two transverse panels 4'a, 4'b and possibly by a bottom and a cover not shown.
• the chassis 2a-c can be made up of profiles or any other suitable element, made for example from steel, aluminum, synthetic materials, composite materials or any other equivalent material.
• the chassis 2a-c may or may not be removable, the elements constituting it being able to be assembled for example by welding, bolting, clipping or by any other suitable technique.
• chassis 2a-c When the chassis 2a-c is removable, its dimensional characteristics can be easily modified by using elements of different lengths or sections. Its dismantling facilitates its storage and transport and makes possible a sale in kit. Chassis 2a-c can also be foldable. The elements constituting it being connected to each other by means of articulations, for example of the pivot type.
• the trolley la-c may also have only one wheel or a greater number of wheels.
• each wheel can be replaced by three rollers carried by a plate movable in rotation relative to the axis A.
• Each caster is mounted movable in rotation relative to its own axis.
• This three-wheeled tray is mounted in place of the wheels and allows the use of the trolley la-c in the presence of obstacles such as, for example, steps, a sidewalk.
• the wheels and / or casters can moreover be provided with rapid disassembly means, of reduced bulk, making it possible to disassemble them easily and to limit the bulk of the trolley la-c when it is stored or transported, for example in a vehicle. .
• the trolley la-c may comprise several gripping members 5a-c, for example handles or any other equivalent means.
• a rigid bar 5a-c When equipped with a rigid bar 5a-c, the latter may be in one piece or made up of several portions assembled, for example telescopically, to be adjustable in length.
• the length adjustment of the rigid bar 5a-c can also be obtained by moving its fixing zone on the chassis 2a-c.
• the rigid bar 5a-c can be bent to reduce the height of the chassis 2a-c while keeping the handle 50a-c at a height adapted to the morphology of the user and thus minimize the effort required to lift the charge.
• the handle 50a-c can be coupled to the rigid bar 5a-c in an adjustable manner, for example by means of a pivot type joint 51c (see FIGS.
• the gripping members 5a-c may also include two lateral arms, independent or connected by a handle.
• the la-c cart can be used to move all types of loads, for example building materials, wood logs, liquids, etc. Currently, these loads are arranged on the bottom of the trolley la-c or carried by means of attachment means such as a hook, a bar, etc. made for example of steel, aluminum, synthetic materials, composite materials or any other equivalent material.
• the attachment means 7 comprise for example a bar arranged across the frame 2a-c placed on the attachment zones 6a-c.
• the ends of this bar can be provided with shoulders forming lateral stops.
• This bar may consist of one or more sections, for example telescopic and / or foldable and / or removable. It can be used to transport loads that can be suspended, for example a bucket, a bag, a flexible addition, it can also be a reel or any other suitable type of load.
• the bar can be used alone or in combination with a box, a strap, a hook, etc.
• the attachment means 7 comprise a box 70 of substantially rectangular shape. It is provided with a bottom plate 71, two side plates 72 and a rear transverse plate 73.
• the plates 71, 72, 73 can be assembled in a rigid and non-removable manner, for example glued or welded. They can also be provided removable and / or articulated with respect to each other.
• This box 70 may include other plates, not shown, for example a front transverse plate.
• the side plates 72 are extended by holding bars 74 provided with gripping ears 75 intended to be supported on the attachment zones 6a-c of the carriage la-c. These gripping ears 75 further facilitate the handling of certain loads such as for example bulky objects such as appliances appliances.
• Each gripping lug 75 is provided at its free end with a guide shoulder 76 participating in the positioning and guiding of the box 70 on the corresponding attachment zones 6a-c during the steps of loading and transporting the load and / or box 70 alone. These guide shoulders 76 also make it possible to increase the rigidity of the assembly formed by the chassis 2a-c and the box 70.
• the fastening means 7 preferably allow the rotation of the load relative to the chassis 2a-c, about an axis B substantially parallel to the axis A.
• the load can pivot freely, authorizing the automatic positioning of the center of gravity of the load according to the slope of the ground and the inclination of the chassis 2a-c.
• This configuration is particularly advantageous when the load is a bucket filled with liquid. It also makes it possible to limit jolts when transporting the load on uneven ground and significantly reduces the effort to be provided by the user.
• the gripping ears 75 or the ends of the bar preferably have a substantially cylindrical section or are movable in rotation relative to the rest of the box 70 or the bar.
• these attachment means 7 can be provided with locking means limiting or preventing their rotation.
• the box 70 has an open structure facilitating its use, maintenance and washing and offering a large useful volume allowing the transport of bulky loads. It can be provided with additional rollers (not shown), removable or not, for example arranged under the bottom plate 71.
• the box 70 being independent of the carriage la-c, it is possible to use it separately, for example to store the load on the box 70, available near the place of use of the load. This mode of use is particularly useful for example when using firewood for which the box responsible for logs can be left near the chimney to constitute an easily accessible intermediate stock. Intermediate discharges are thus avoided, thereby reducing the problems of fouling f equivalent with loads such as sand, cement, concrete blocks.
• the use of several boxes 70 makes it possible to charge them in advance.
• the trolley la-c comprises displacement means 8, 9, 10 for bringing the center of gravity of the assembly formed by the chassis 2a-c and the load closer to the vertical passing through the axis A , when changing from the loading position to the transport position.
• the displacement means 8, 9, 10 are associated with the attachment zones 6a-c to allow the longitudinal displacement of the attachment means 7 relative to the chassis 2a-c so as to bring the center of gravity of the load from the vertical passing through the axis A.
• These embodiments allow the load to be displaced by several centimeters or even tens of centimeters.
• the displacement means 8, 10 allow, by moving the attachment means and the load approximately 200 mm vertically through the axis A, to reduce the efforts required to lift a load by 30 to 50%.
• the displacement means 9 described in FIGS. 5 A-C the efforts to be made to lift a large load are substantially zero.
• the displacement means comprise two bevelled wedges 8 disposed laterally on either side on the chassis 2a and defining the attachment zones 6a.
• These bevelled wedges 8 have their ends raised to form the stop fingers 60a, 60'a.
• the inclination of these bevelled wedges 9 is oriented so that the thickness decreases as it approaches the axis A.
• the inclination bevelled wedges 8 allows the fastening means 7 carrying the load to move vertically passing through the axis A by gravity.
• the bevelled wedges 8 can be fixed to the chassis 2a in a removable or non-removable, fixed or mobile manner so that they can be positioned according to the load to be moved. They can for example be slidably mounted in a groove and fixed by means of screws.
• the bevelled wedges 8 can have a flat profile with one or more slopes, or be curved to define zones of limited or favored, constant or variable sliding. They can also include notches or reliefs forming means for slowing the attachment means 7. These reliefs can for example be defined by gear teeth.
• the bevelled wedges 8 can be replaced by slides in which the hooking means 7 move, these slides can be provided on or inside the chassis 2a.
• the bevelled wedges 8 can be mounted on the box 70 and simultaneously define the displacement means and the hooking means 7, the frame 2a comprising the stop fingers 60a, 60'a.
• the user proceeds in several stages: - he places the load on the box 70.
• the box 70 can be transported empty by the chassis 2a and then loaded later, - he engages the gripping ears 75 of the box 70 on the bevelled wedges 8 by lifting the carriage 1a, tilting it downwards (see arrow AN), - the gripping ears 75 being engaged, the user lowers the carriage by tilting it backwards (see arrow AR) to lift the load.
• This lifting effort directed towards the ground is substantially vertical.
• the handle 50a of the rigid bar 5a being substantially below the height of the shoulders, the user can advantageously use the weight of his body to exert this effort.
• the inclination of the beveled shims 8 causes the natural displacement by sliding and / or by rolling, under the effect of gravity, of the box 70 and of the load towards the thin ends. bevelled wedges 8.
• the center of gravity of the load is brought closer to the vertical passing through the axis A, reducing the effort required to lift the load and then to keep the carriage in equilibrium during its movement.
• the displacement means are associated with a counterweight movable relative to the carriage la-c, for example in translation.
• the counterweight can be mounted on a slide, for example forming a bevelled wedge to facilitate its movement as a function of the inclination of the chassis 2a-c.
• the principle of using a trolley 1a, 1b equipped with a counterweight is substantially similar to the embodiment described above.
• This counterweight is for example movable in translation along a slide provided on the rigid bar 5a-c. When the movement of the counterweight is motorized, the actuator and the battery supplying it can be housed in the counterweight itself.
• the displacement means 9 comprise an actuator connecting the chassis 2b to the attachment means 6b or to the counterweight (not shown).
• This actuator 9 comprises for example one or more motors or one or more cylinders using pneumatic, hydraulic, or electrical energy.
• This actuator 9 can be combined with servo means (not shown) adjusting at least partially automatically the position of the center of gravity of the assembly formed by the chassis 2b and the load. It can also be associated with braking means (not shown), for example reliefs provided on the attachment zones 6b.
• the actuator 9 comprises two jacks or motors, the action of these can be synchronized by means of synchronization means such as an encoder, an optical strip or any other equivalent device.
• the frame 2b is provided with two lateral cylinders 9, linear, fixed on the upper part of the side panels 4b.
• the movable element of each cylinder 9 is integral with the corresponding attachment zone 6b.
• the attachment zones 6b may comprise, as illustrated in FIG. 6, two stop fingers 60b, 60 "b, a fixed finger 60'b which can serve as a detector for the presence of the gripping ears 75 of the box 70 on the zone attachment 6b and a retractable finger 60b whose output is controlled manually or automatically when the gripping ears 75 are arranged on the attachment areas 6b.
• This carriage 1b is further provided with two additional support points 10 mounted on the chassis 2b, for example front rollers 12 carried by uprights 11.
• the latter are dimensioned so that in the loading phase (cf. FIG. 5A) and lifting the load (see FIG. 5B), the front rollers 12 are in contact with the ground.
• the carriage 1b and the box 70 can be dimensioned so that the gripping ears 75 are at the right height for their positioning on the attachment zones, without having to lift the box 70.
• the retractable finger 60b is for example urged in its high position by a spring member (not shown) which under the effect of the gripping ears 75 compresses, the retractable finger 60b being placed in a low position allowing the passage of the gripping ears 75 then returning to its high position once the gripping ears 75 in place on the attachment zones 6b.
• the latter can be provided with an inclined face 61, - the jack moves the gripping ears 75 towards the axis A until the center of gravity of the assembly formed by the chassis 2b and the load is substantially vertical to the axis A.
• the output of the retractable finger and the actuation of the jacks is controlled manually or automatically ,
• the carriage 1a, 1b may include a fulcrum located at the rear of the wheels 3b, for example one or more rear rollers.
• the front 12 and rear castors can be fixed or retractable.
• the actuator 9 can also be a motor, linear or rotary, fixed or mobile relative to the chassis 2b or to the box 70, causing the displacement of the load by means of a chain, a belt, a worm or any other suitable technique.
• the cart lb can include a vertical actuator designed to lift the load above the cart lb so that it can, for example, slide it to the rear of a transport vehicle.
• bevelled wedges 8 or slides 10 can be combined with a motorization.
• the displacement means 10 comprise slides each provided with a fixed element 100, for example a housing, integral with the chassis and with a mobile element 101, for example a rod , mounted movable in translation relative to the fixed element 100.
• the slides 10 are arranged laterally on either side on the chassis 2c.
• the mobile element defines the attachment zones 6c.
• the free ends of the rods 101 are for example provided with two stops 60c, 60'c defining between them the attachment zones 6c.
• the movement of the movable element 101 relative to the fixed element 100 can for example be facilitated by the presence of roller bearings and / or of surfaces with a low coefficient of friction.
• the user proceeds as follows: - he rocks the frame 2c by tilting it forward (Cf. figure 6A arrow AN) to engage the gripping ears 75 of the box 70 placed on the ground on the attachment zones 6b, - the gripping ears 75 being engaged, the user lowers the carriage by tilting it backwards (cf. FIG. 6B arrow AR) to lift the load.
• This inclination causes natural displacement by sliding and / or rolling, under the effect of gravity, of the box 70, of the load and of the rod 101 towards the vertical passing through the axis A.
• the efforts to be provided by the user to continue to lift the load and keep the carriage in balance during its movement are reduced.
• the slides 10 can be attached to the side panels 4c or integrated into the chassis.
• the mobile element 101 can be locked in rotation relative to the fixed element 100.
• the mobile element 101 and the fixed element 100 can have sections, for example square.
• the slides 10 can be associated with means for damping the movement of the movable element 101 relative to the fixed element 100.
• the angular position of the slides 10 can be adjustable to adjust the angle of the chassis 2c during the transport, depending on the size of the user and the weight of the load to be moved.
• the displacement means comprise a traction cable connected to the attachment means, for example the gripping ears of a box. Once the gripping ears are engaged on the attachment zones, the user pulls on the traction cable, for example by means of a lever provided on the handle of the arm to bring the attachment means and the box closer to the vertical passing through axis A.
• the trolley la-c can be stored disassembled and / or tilted with its rigid bar 5a-c arranged substantially vertical. In both cases, the trolley la-c according to the invention occupies a smaller floor area than most of the wheelbarrows or existing trolleys.
• the trolley la-c can also, after lowering the rigid bar 5a-c, be coupled to the rear of a vehicle such as a car, a van to move the load over a greater distance.
• This trolley can be made with mechanical parts in steel, aluminum, synthetic materials, composite materials or other and can be used as well by individuals, by craftsmen, as by industrialists.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Transportation (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Handcart (AREA)

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• 2002
  • 2002-12-09 FR FR0215622A patent/FR2848172B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2003
  • 2003-12-09 WO PCT/IB2003/005768 patent/WO2004052708A1/fr not_active Ceased
  • 2003-12-09 AU AU2003286302A patent/AU2003286302A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 2003-12-09 EP EP03777045A patent/EP1569836A1/de not_active Withdrawn

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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