EP1559825A1 - Waschtrockner und Verfahren zum Trocknen von Wäsche - Google Patents

Waschtrockner und Verfahren zum Trocknen von Wäsche Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1559825A1
EP1559825A1 EP05290163A EP05290163A EP1559825A1 EP 1559825 A1 EP1559825 A1 EP 1559825A1 EP 05290163 A EP05290163 A EP 05290163A EP 05290163 A EP05290163 A EP 05290163A EP 1559825 A1 EP1559825 A1 EP 1559825A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
drum
drying
washing
air
tank
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP05290163A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1559825B1 (de
Inventor
Essaid Raoui
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
FagorBrandt SAS
Original Assignee
Brandt Industries SAS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Brandt Industries SAS filed Critical Brandt Industries SAS
Priority to PL05290163T priority Critical patent/PL1559825T3/pl
Publication of EP1559825A1 publication Critical patent/EP1559825A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1559825B1 publication Critical patent/EP1559825B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
    • D06F25/00—Washing machines with receptacles, e.g. perforated, having a rotary movement, e.g. oscillatory movement, the receptacle serving both for washing and for centrifugally separating water from the laundry and having further drying means, e.g. using hot air 
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06F—LAUNDERING, DRYING, IRONING, PRESSING OR FOLDING TEXTILE ARTICLES
    • D06F58/00—Domestic laundry dryers
    • D06F58/02—Domestic laundry dryers having dryer drums rotating about a horizontal axis

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a washing machine and to drying the laundry.
  • It also relates to a method of drying laundry set work in such a washing machine and dry the laundry.
  • this invention relates to washing-drying machines in which a wash cycle of a quantity of laundry is followed a drying cycle of this laundry.
  • Such a washing machine and drying machine includes a tank of washing and a drum rotatably mounted about a horizontal axis of rotation in this tank.
  • the laundry to be washed is placed in the drum which comprises a perforated ferrule to allow the circulation of water during different phases of the laundry cycle.
  • this washing machine has a drying air suction circuit.
  • This drying air circuit generally has a communication air duct in communication with the drum in which the linen is placed. The drum thus constitutes a elements of this drying air suction circuit.
  • a fan is mounted in this air circuit of drying to ensure the circulation of air
  • a heating element is placed in this circuit upstream of the drum to increase the temperature of the introduced air in the drum and thus allow the evaporation of water contained in the laundry to dry.
  • a water condenser is generally located downstream of the drum to allow condensation of the water vapor present in the moist air coming out of the drum.
  • the suction circuit drying air includes a drying air introduction port opening at a first side of the drum.
  • the introducer port drying air is located for example on a right side of the washing tub and drum mounted in rotation in this tank.
  • the air introduction port drying process opens at a side of the drum, close to the opening of introduction of the linen.
  • the air passes through the drum and leaves holes in the barrel of the drum and then sucked into the drying air circuit by means of an outlet orifice in the tank of washing in communication with the drying air suction circuit.
  • this drying air outlet is disposed in the shell of the washing tub, preferably near the side of the tank of washing opposite to that by which the drying air is introduced into the drum.
  • This drying air outlet orifice is also sometimes disposed to proximity or in the side of the tank with the air introduction port of drying.
  • the large output area of the drying air of the drum constituted by the entirety of the perforated ferrule of this drum, has for its disadvantage of creating in this drum free and preferential passages that borrows the flow of air to get out of the drum, without crossing the laundry. This phenomenon is found in particular when reversing the direction of rotation of the drum, that is to say when the laundry is packed on the lower part of the drum.
  • the present invention aims to solve the disadvantages mentioned above and in general to improve drying performance of a washer-dryer, and thus to reduce the energy consumption during of the drying phase.
  • the present invention aims a washing machine and dry the laundry comprising a washing tub, a drum comprising a ferrule perforated, rotatably mounted in the tank and an air suction circuit of drying comprising a drying air introduction opening opening into a first side of the drum.
  • the drum comprises at least one outlet orifice of drying air in a second sidewall of the drum, this outlet being adapted to be placed in communication with the air intake circuit of drying, and means for limiting the passage of air extend between the drum and the tank, these limiting means being adapted to separate a first space extending between the drum shell and the vessel and a second space extending between the second side of the drum and the vessel.
  • the air introduced into the drum thus passes preferentially through the linen so that air / laundry exchange allows the evaporation of water contained in the linen is improved.
  • the second flank of the drum consists of a perforated flange, this perforated flange comprising perforations distributed over a disk-shaped portion of this flange, centered on an axis of horizontal rotation of the drum, and the tank comprises means air passage restriction disposed opposite the perforated flange and extending mainly above the horizontal axis of rotation of the drum.
  • restriction means make it possible to limit the flow of outgoing air from the top of the perforated flange of the drum.
  • the passage of air through the drum is thus favored in the lower part of it, that is to say in the drum portion in which is usually concentrated the most laundry, especially when the direction of rotation of the drum.
  • the first space extending between the drum shell and the vessel has an orifice opening into the drying air suction circuit, a flap mounted in the drying air suction circuit between a first position in which orifice of the first space is in communication with the circuit drying air suction and a second position in which the first space is isolated from the drying air suction circuit.
  • the first space extending between the drum shell and the tank is isolated from the suction circuit drying air, so that the drying air passes preferentially through the entire drum from one side to the other.
  • the invention relates to a method of laundry drying implemented in a washing machine and drying laundry according to the invention, wherein the first space extending between the drum shell and the bowl has a hole opening into the circuit drying air suction, a valve being mounted in the suction circuit drying air between a first position in which the orifice of the first space is put into communication with the drying air suction circuit and a second position in which the first space is isolated from the circuit drying air suction.
  • This laundry drying process comprises a first phase of drying in which the valve mounted in said air suction circuit of drying is placed in a first position in which the orifice of said first space is put into communication with the drying air circuit, and a second drying phase in which said valve is placed in a second position in which said first space is isolated from the circuit drying air suction.
  • Such a laundry drying process makes it possible to use the flow as efficiently as possible drying air and thus reduce energy consumption during the drying.
  • washing tub 10 of a washing and drying machine mounted in communication on a drying air suction circuit 20 shown only schematically.
  • This washing and drying machine firstly comprises a washing tub 10, of substantially cylindrical shape.
  • This tank 10 can thus comprise a longitudinal wall 11 in the form of a cylinder and two flanks end 12, 13 for sealing substantially the washing tank 10.
  • this tank 10 does not need to be of shape strictly cylindrical. It can in particular comprise in its wall longitudinally 11 deported portions thus forming housing adapted to contain operating elements of the machine, such as for example a heating resistor intended to be immersed in the water of the tank.
  • This washing tank 10 is mounted in a machine so that that its longitudinal axis X extends substantially horizontally.
  • a drum 20 for receiving the laundry to be washed and dried is mounted in the tank 10.
  • This drum 20 is cylindrical in shape. It thus comprises a ferrule 21 and two end flanks 22, 23.
  • This drum 20 is mounted in the tank 10 so that its axis longitudinal axis corresponds with the longitudinal horizontal axis X of the vessel 10.
  • the shell 21 of the drum is found parallel to the wall longitudinal 11 of the tank and the flanks 22, 23 of the drum are they also arranged substantially parallel to the sides 12, 13 of the tank.
  • the shell 21 of the drum is perforated, generally on the whole of its surface, so that the water used during the different phases of the cycle of washing machine can enter and be evacuated from the drum 20.
  • This drum 20 is also mounted in rotation in a known manner in the tank thanks to rotational bearings 24.
  • An engine (not shown) makes it possible to drive a pulley in rotation Mounted on a shaft 26 for rotating the drum 20.
  • a washing and drying machine also has a drying air suction circuit 30.
  • This drying air suction circuit. 30 comprises a sheath 31 mounted outside the tank 10 and placed in communication with the inside of the tank and drum at the flanks 12, 22, 13, 23 of the tank 10 and the drum 20.
  • a fan (not shown) is mounted in the sheath 31 in one place appropriate.
  • a condenser 33 is placed in the sheath 31 in the vicinity a drying air outlet orifice placed in one of the sides 13 of the tank 10.
  • This condenser 33 may be, in known manner, a water condenser allowing the condensation of the water vapor present in the drying air.
  • heating means 34 are generally placed in the sheath 31 near a drying air introduction orifice in the tank 10 in order to raise in temperature the drying air intended to come into contact with the laundry to dry.
  • the drying air circulation duct 31 thus opens into a housing 35 mounted on an outer face of the first sidewall 12 of the vessel 10.
  • this housing 35 has the shape a cylindrical box, the air flow duct 31 opening into its cylindrical wall 35a.
  • This cylindrical box 35 is mounted on the sidewall 12 of the tank of such that its central longitudinal axis corresponds to the longitudinal axis horizontal X of the tank 10 and the drum 20.
  • This box 35 has a 35b-shaped outer wall 35b which does not have an opening and an inner wall 35c constituted by a disc-shaped portion 12a of the first sidewall 12 of the drum 20.
  • this portion 12a of the sidewall 12 of the vessel 10 has air introduction ports inside the tank 10.
  • this portion 12a of the flank 12 has four air introduction orifices 36 arranged around the mounting of the to compensate for the rotation of the drum 20.
  • the drum 20 comprises also in its first flank 22 a disc-shaped portion 22a perforations, thus creating a number of air introduction orifices drying.
  • this portion 22a of the flank 22 of drum 20 comprises a series of perforations thus constituting several air introduction ports in the drum 20.
  • the central portion 12a of the sidewall 12 is bordered at its periphery with a annular ring 12b extending from the sidewall 12 towards the portion 22a of the flank 22 of the drum 20.
  • the flank 22 of the drum 20 also comprises a crown ring 22b disposed at the periphery of the perforated central portion 22a of this flank 22.
  • This annular ring 22b extends from the blank 22 towards from the side of the tank.
  • These two annular rings 12b, 22b are arranged concentrically, at least a portion of their longitudinal walls coming next to each other, at a short distance. This distance can be between 1 and 10 mm, preferably between 1 and 5 mm, and is preferably equal to 2 mm.
  • the annular ring 12 is worn by the sidewall 12 of the vessel extends inside the annular ring 22b of the flank 22 of the drum.
  • this relative provision could be reversed.
  • the second sidewall 23 of the drum 20 is consisting of a perforated flange 23 having a plurality of perforations 23a distributed over a disk-shaped portion of the flange 23.
  • this flange comprises a plurality of air outlets constituted by the perforations 23a.
  • these perforations 23a are distributed in a manner uniformly in the plane of the flange, symmetrically with respect to the center of the flange coinciding with the axis of rotation X.
  • the perforations are distributed over a portion in the form of disc centered on the horizontal axis of rotation X of the drum 20.
  • the second side 13 of the vessel 10 also has an orifice 13a which opens into the air intake circuit 30 and in particular into a end portion of the air flow duct 31.
  • outlet orifices 23a of the drum can be communication via the space A and the orifice 13a of the second sidewall 13 of the vessel 10 with the drying air suction circuit.
  • This orifice 13a of the second side 13 of the vessel 10 may have a any form and is for example as illustrated in FIG. rectangular.
  • the air is sucked in at level of the orifice 13a of the second side 13 of the tank 10 and the space A.
  • the air present in the drum 20 can both escape through the orifices provided in the shell 21 of the drum and through the orifices 23a provided in the flange perforated 23 of the drum.
  • limiting means are adapted to separate a space B extending between the shell of the drum 20 and the vessel 10 and the space A extending between the perforated flange 23 of the drum and the tank 10.
  • these means of air flow limitation firstly comprise a crown cylindrical 23b which extends substantially in this embodiment in the extension of the ferrule 21 of the drum 20, between the second flank 23 of the drum 20 and the second sidewall 13 of the vessel 10.
  • This cylindrical ring 23b extends so that it stops at a short distance from the second side 13 of the tank 10.
  • the passage of communication between the first space B located between the shell 21 and the longitudinal wall 11 of the tank and the second space A located between the second side 23 of the drum 20 and the second side 13 of the tank 10 is thus reduced size, to limit the passage of air.
  • the limiting means comprise a second cylindrical ring 13b.
  • This second cylindrical ring 13b is carried by the second flank 13 of the tank 10 and thus extends towards the second side 23 of the drum 20. It also stops at a short distance from the perforated flange 23.
  • each cylindrical crown 13b, 23b of the flank 13, 23 which faces it may be between 1 and 5 mm, and preferably is equal to 2mm.
  • These two cylindrical rings 13b, 23b are thus disposed of concentrically, their axis corresponding to the axis of rotation X of the drum. They are furthermore arranged so that, on at least a portion of their length, they are in vis-à-vis and at a short distance from each other. These cylindrical rings 13b, 23b thus form a baffle allowing strongly limit the passage of air between spaces A and B.
  • the distance separating these two cylindrical rings 13b, 23b can be between 1 and 10 mm, preferably between 1 and 5 mm, and is preferably equal to 2 mm.
  • the first cylindrical ring 23b carried by the drum 20 is external to the second cylindrical ring 13b carried by the tank.
  • this provision could be reversed.
  • the number of cylindrical crowns could be limited to a single crown or on the contrary be greater than two, in order to limit still the passage of air between spaces A and B.
  • the means for limiting the passage of air between the spaces A and B could be different and for example include at least one wing annular extending substantially in the plane of the second sidewall 23 of the drum 20, between the drum 20 and the longitudinal wall 11 of the tank 10.
  • the longitudinal wall 11 of the tank 10 could also comprise a second annular wing extending towards the drum 20 and arranged in a plane parallel to the plane containing the perforated flange 23 of the drum and the first annular wing, at a short distance from this plane.
  • These annular wings arranged opposite one another could also be baffle means for limiting the passage of air between the spaces A and B.
  • the suction of the air of drying from the drum 20 is carried out mainly at the level of 23a openings placed in communication with the space A, and is very strongly limited at the openings of the shell 21 of the drum 20.
  • the limitation of the air outlet of the perforated shell 21 of the drum 20 is further improved by providing a small distance between the perforated ferrule 21 of the drum and the longitudinal wall 11 of the tank 10.
  • the space B extending between the tank 10 and the drum 20 at their walls respective longitudinal axis consists of a cylindrical ring of very low thickness.
  • the preferential exit through the perforated flange 23 of the drum 20 allows to increase the amount of air passing through the entire drum 20, a first flank 22 at the second flank 23.
  • the exchange between the drying air and the laundry is thus improved.
  • the orifice 13a provided in the second sidewall 13 of the tank 10 is disposed of preferably in the lower part of the tank 10, that is to say under the axis of rotation horizontal X of the drum 20.
  • the air is from preferably sucked in at the bottom of the drum thanks to the provision of the orifice 13a.
  • the tank 10 comprises air passage restriction means arranged opposite the perforated flange 23 of the drum 20.
  • These air passage restriction means 13c extend mainly above the horizontal axis of rotation X of the drum 20.
  • restriction means 13c comprise a solid wall which is placed at a small distance from a portion of the perforated flange 23.
  • This solid wall 13c may be a wall attached to the second flank 13 of the tank. Alternatively, and as illustrated in FIG. 4, this wall 13c is made by stamping a portion of the second flank 13 of the tank 10.
  • this solid wall 13c extends also under the axis of rotation X of the drum, around the bearing 24 carrying in rotation of the rotation shaft 26 of the drum mounted in the second sidewall 13 of the tank 10.
  • the distance separating the perforated flange 23 of the drum 20 and the second side 13 of the tank 10, at the space A, is very small in the upper part of the tank and wider in the lower part of the tank, substantially at the opening 13a of communication of the space A with the air intake circuit 30.
  • the first space B between the ferrule 21 of the drum 20 and the longitudinal wall 11 of the tank 10 has an orifice 40 opening into the drying air suction circuit 30.
  • the air circulation duct 31 is in contact with the face outside the second side 13 of the tank 10 so as to be able to communication with the second space A by means of the opening 13a provided in the second side 13 of the tank, as previously described, and communication with the first space B through the hole 40 provided for this effect.
  • this orifice 40 is formed in the lower part of the second flank 13 of the tank 10. Preferably, it is adjacent to the wall longitudinal 11 of the tank 10 and extends over a low height from this wall 11, in the second side 13 of the vessel 10.
  • this orifice 40 may have a rectangular surface and extend between the longitudinal wall 11 of the tank and the cylindrical ring 13b carried by the second side 13 of the tank 10.
  • the sheath 31 has several sections extending parallel to the plane of the second sidewall 13 of the vessel 10.
  • a first section 31a extends between the lower part of the tank and an upper part to be connected to a portion of sheath extending along the longitudinal wall of the tank 10.
  • a second portion 31b extends substantially with respect to the opening 13a to allow the communication of the second space A with the drying air suction circuit 30.
  • a third portion 31c of the sheath 31 which extends vis-à-vis a portion of the second side 13 of the tank provided with the opening 40 opening in the first space B.
  • a valve is mounted in the drying air circuit 30.
  • This valve 41 can occupy two positions in this embodiment. In a first position, the opening of the first space B is put into communication with the circuit drying air suction.
  • the flap 41 is adapted to substantially close the air communication between the second portion 31b and third portion 31c of the air duct 31.
  • the valve makes it possible to isolate the first space B of the drying air suction circuit 30.
  • the second portion 31 b and third portion 31c of the air flow duct 31 are set communication with each other so that the port 40 of the first space B can be placed in communication with the drying air circuit 30.
  • valve 41 is further adapted to isolate the second space A of the drying air circuit 30.
  • the valve 41 is mounted so that in its first position it is arranged vertically, in the side 13 of the tank 10, so as to close the opening 13a.
  • This valve 41 can thus be placed in one or other of these positions during a laundry drying cycle.
  • a drying process and its different phases can be implemented after a spin phase of a wash cycle of laundry, so that the drying process is directly chained after the end of the wash cycle.
  • this method may firstly comprise a first drying phase in which the valve 41 mounted in the drying air suction circuit 30 is placed in its first position, that is to say in a position in which the orifice 40 debouching in the first space B is put in communication with the circuit drying air 30.
  • the valve 41 is placed in a second position as illustrated in FIGS. 5 and 6, that is to say in a position where the first space B is isolated from the air intake circuit of drying 30.
  • the drying air comes out preferably by the perforated flange of the drum, and mainly in part bottom of this flange perforated because of the presence of the means of restriction 13c.
  • the hot air entering the drum at the level of the orifices 22a actually crosses the entire drum, at least in a second drying phase in the third embodiment of the invention.
  • the duration of the first drying phase may represent approximately 10 to 30% of the total duration of the drying cycle.
  • drying time can be reduced, so that the energy consumption in water and electricity can be limited.
  • valve 41 mounted in the drying air circuit could also be placed differently so that in one position where it closes the air outlet 40 placed in communication with the first space B, it does not mean that opening 13a of communication with the second space A.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Detail Structures Of Washing Machines And Dryers (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
EP05290163A 2004-01-30 2005-01-25 Waschtrockner und Verfahren zum Trocknen von Wäsche Expired - Lifetime EP1559825B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL05290163T PL1559825T3 (pl) 2004-01-30 2005-01-25 Maszyna do prania i suszenia bielizny i sposób suszenia bielizny

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0400938 2004-01-30
FR0400938A FR2865742B1 (fr) 2004-01-30 2004-01-30 Machine a laver et secher le linge et procede de sechage de linge.

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1559825A1 true EP1559825A1 (de) 2005-08-03
EP1559825B1 EP1559825B1 (de) 2011-06-15

Family

ID=34639822

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP05290163A Expired - Lifetime EP1559825B1 (de) 2004-01-30 2005-01-25 Waschtrockner und Verfahren zum Trocknen von Wäsche

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1559825B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE513078T1 (de)
ES (1) ES2367575T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2865742B1 (de)
PL (1) PL1559825T3 (de)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2134893B1 (de) * 2007-04-06 2012-12-19 David Espic Automat zur wäschebehandlung
US11795601B2 (en) 2020-11-10 2023-10-24 Whirlpool Corporation Maximizing the dry rate of clothes tumbling combination washer/dryer with a seal
US11846059B2 (en) 2021-01-04 2023-12-19 Whirlpool Corporation Controlling process air bypass around the drum in combo wash-dry system

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1240806B (de) * 1960-09-29 1967-05-24 Whirlpool Co Trommeltrockner fuer Kleidungsstuecke od. dgl.
DE6921184U (de) * 1969-05-22 1969-10-23 Anrfried Meyer Trommelmaschine zum behandeln von textilien
DE8213346U1 (de) * 1981-05-18 1982-10-28 Naamloze Vennootschap Philips' Gloeilampenfabrieken, 5621 Eindhoven Wäschetrockner
FR2701042A1 (fr) 1993-01-29 1994-08-05 Esswein Sa Machine lavante séchante à injection d'air dans le panier.
US6006445A (en) * 1998-09-03 1999-12-28 Large; Ronald D. Washer/dryer combination
EP1283293A1 (de) * 2001-07-17 2003-02-12 Esswein S.A. Trockner mit einer drehenden horizontalen Trommel

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1240806B (de) * 1960-09-29 1967-05-24 Whirlpool Co Trommeltrockner fuer Kleidungsstuecke od. dgl.
DE6921184U (de) * 1969-05-22 1969-10-23 Anrfried Meyer Trommelmaschine zum behandeln von textilien
DE8213346U1 (de) * 1981-05-18 1982-10-28 Naamloze Vennootschap Philips' Gloeilampenfabrieken, 5621 Eindhoven Wäschetrockner
FR2701042A1 (fr) 1993-01-29 1994-08-05 Esswein Sa Machine lavante séchante à injection d'air dans le panier.
US6006445A (en) * 1998-09-03 1999-12-28 Large; Ronald D. Washer/dryer combination
EP1283293A1 (de) * 2001-07-17 2003-02-12 Esswein S.A. Trockner mit einer drehenden horizontalen Trommel

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2134893B1 (de) * 2007-04-06 2012-12-19 David Espic Automat zur wäschebehandlung
US11795601B2 (en) 2020-11-10 2023-10-24 Whirlpool Corporation Maximizing the dry rate of clothes tumbling combination washer/dryer with a seal
US11846059B2 (en) 2021-01-04 2023-12-19 Whirlpool Corporation Controlling process air bypass around the drum in combo wash-dry system
US12325944B2 (en) 2021-01-04 2025-06-10 Whirlpool Corporation Controlling process air bypass around the drum in combo wash-dry system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1559825B1 (de) 2011-06-15
ATE513078T1 (de) 2011-07-15
PL1559825T3 (pl) 2011-11-30
ES2367575T3 (es) 2011-11-04
FR2865742A1 (fr) 2005-08-05
FR2865742B1 (fr) 2006-06-02

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