EP1554525A2 - Vorrichtung zum erzeugen, speichern und abgeben von w rme an einen zu beheizenden raum - Google Patents
Vorrichtung zum erzeugen, speichern und abgeben von w rme an einen zu beheizenden raumInfo
- Publication number
- EP1554525A2 EP1554525A2 EP03809331A EP03809331A EP1554525A2 EP 1554525 A2 EP1554525 A2 EP 1554525A2 EP 03809331 A EP03809331 A EP 03809331A EP 03809331 A EP03809331 A EP 03809331A EP 1554525 A2 EP1554525 A2 EP 1554525A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- gas
- combustion chamber
- burner
- air
- line
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23M—CASINGS, LININGS, WALLS OR DOORS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, e.g. FIREBRIDGES; DEVICES FOR DEFLECTING AIR, FLAMES OR COMBUSTION PRODUCTS IN COMBUSTION CHAMBERS; SAFETY ARRANGEMENTS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION APPARATUS; DETAILS OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F23M3/00—Firebridges
- F23M3/02—Firebridges modified for circulation of fluids, e.g. air, steam, water
- F23M3/04—Firebridges modified for circulation of fluids, e.g. air, steam, water for delivery of gas, e.g. air, steam
- F23M3/08—Firebridges modified for circulation of fluids, e.g. air, steam, water for delivery of gas, e.g. air, steam away from fire, e.g. towards smoke outlet
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D11/00—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space
- F23D11/10—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space the spraying being induced by a gaseous medium, e.g. water vapour
- F23D11/16—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space the spraying being induced by a gaseous medium, e.g. water vapour in which an emulsion of water and fuel is sprayed
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
- F23D14/02—Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone
- F23D14/04—Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone induction type, e.g. Bunsen burner
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
- F23D14/46—Details
- F23D14/60—Devices for simultaneous control of gas and combustion air
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J11/00—Devices for conducting smoke or fumes, e.g. flues
- F23J11/04—Devices for conducting smoke or fumes, e.g. flues in locomotives; in road vehicles; in ships
- F23J11/06—Devices for conducting smoke or fumes, e.g. flues in locomotives; in road vehicles; in ships for conducting smoke horizontally
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H7/00—Storage heaters, i.e. heaters in which the energy is stored as heat in masses for subsequent release
- F24H7/02—Storage heaters, i.e. heaters in which the energy is stored as heat in masses for subsequent release the released heat being conveyed to a transfer fluid
- F24H7/025—Storage heaters, i.e. heaters in which the energy is stored as heat in masses for subsequent release the released heat being conveyed to a transfer fluid using fluid fuel
- F24H7/0258—Storage heaters, i.e. heaters in which the energy is stored as heat in masses for subsequent release the released heat being conveyed to a transfer fluid using fluid fuel the transfer fluid being air
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D2212/00—Burner material specifications
- F23D2212/10—Burner material specifications ceramic
- F23D2212/103—Fibres
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J2213/00—Chimneys or flues
- F23J2213/20—Joints; Connections
- F23J2213/203—Joints; Connections between stack/duct and combustion apparatus
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J2900/00—Special arrangements for conducting or purifying combustion fumes; Treatment of fumes or ashes
- F23J2900/13004—Water draining devices associated with flues
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J2900/00—Special arrangements for conducting or purifying combustion fumes; Treatment of fumes or ashes
- F23J2900/13005—Protections for chimneys or flue tops against external factors, e.g. birds
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23M—CASINGS, LININGS, WALLS OR DOORS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, e.g. FIREBRIDGES; DEVICES FOR DEFLECTING AIR, FLAMES OR COMBUSTION PRODUCTS IN COMBUSTION CHAMBERS; SAFETY ARRANGEMENTS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION APPARATUS; DETAILS OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F23M2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for combustion chambers
- F23M2900/05004—Special materials for walls or lining
Definitions
- the invention relates to a device for generating, storing and emitting heat to a room to be heated.
- Such a device comprises a jacket made of refractory material, such as fireclay, which surrounds and thus delimits a combustion chamber.
- the heating medium provided, for example heating oil or wood, is burned in the combustion chamber, as a result of which heat is generated. This heat is then emitted from these devices, if appropriate after (briefly) storing, to a room to be heated.
- a device which can be supplied with gas and air, for generating, storing and giving off heat to a room to be heated is described in FR 2.052.009.
- DE 43 29 726 C2 shows a basic tile stove that is bricked up from firebricks.
- the basic tile stove is fired using a gas burner.
- a shut-off device is arranged between the gas burner and the chimney connection.
- the shut-off device can be actuated electronically by a servomotor in such a way that the flow of fresh air is largely prevented when the gas burner is at a standstill.
- An opening is provided in the wall, which can be closed by a heating flap.
- the heating flap can be opened and closed by a second servomotor.
- CH 467 also produces a ventilation gas heating furnace with a fire-proof insert for storing heat.
- the jacket that delimits the combustion chamber is provided with a cast iron outer cladding and includes panels made of refractory material for heat storage.
- 2,542,124 discloses a heating device with a combustion device for burning liquid fuel, such as petrol or oil.
- liquid fuel such as petrol or oil.
- the liquid fuel is fed to the combustion device via a line.
- This line is received in a tube with a slightly larger diameter.
- One end of the tube opens into the combustion chamber below the combustion device.
- the other end extends below the bottom of the heater.
- the ends are each open to connect the combustion chamber with the atmosphere.
- FR 1.448.343 shows a combustion device in the form of a gas burner, the combustion chamber of which is at least partially accessible from the outside via an opening or the like, the opening being closable via a transparent door.
- the invention is therefore based on the object of a device for generating, storing and giving off heat to one to provide space to be heated, with which the above disadvantages can be prevented, which consequently has an extremely high degree of efficiency and at the same time very low operating costs, which lowers the temperature of the exhaust gas as much as possible, thereby avoiding large heat losses, and consequently the diameter of the exhaust - Significantly reduce the air line and thus significantly improve the possible uses, as well as which is structurally particularly simple, compact, stable and at the same time transportable.
- the device according to the invention for generating, storing and giving off heat to a room to be heated, comprising a combustion chamber surrounded and delimited by a jacket made of refractory material, a combustion device which is arranged in the combustion chamber and can be supplied with a gas / air mixture and an exhaust air line arranged in the lower region of the combustion chamber, the combustion chamber being sealed off from the gas / air mixture that is to be supplied and burned to the combustion device, and the combustion device being designed as a fully premixed gas radiation burner with a burner medium made of a homogeneous, permeable mat structure or the like, a device achieve that has a high level of efficiency and / or efficiency and thus entails extremely low operating costs.
- the temperatures of the exhaust gas can be reduced by about half the temperature of conventional devices in the device according to the invention. Because the combustion chamber is closed or quasi-isolated from the gas / air mixture that is supplied to the combustion device and is to be burned, any additional combustion in the combustion chamber is excluded. This is at the same time an increase in the flame temperature and a deteriorated efficiency due to a significantly increased temperature profile of the exhaust air or the exhaust gas is reliably avoided.
- the combustion device also very preferably comprises a gas radiation burner, to which a burner medium with a homogeneous, permeable mat structure or the like is assigned.
- the gas radiation burner which acts as an injector burner, and the burner medium, which radiates or glows infrared in the form of a mat or plate made of ceramic, lead to an extremely powerful construction of the device according to the invention as a whole. Because of the large surface area of the burner medium, a large-area heat transfer is possible. Last but not least, this results in an extremely cost-effective operation of the device. In connection with this, large heat losses and large diameters of the associated chimney or the corresponding exhaust air duct can be avoided with the device according to the invention. Simply because of the latter advantage, there are improved and diverse possibilities when using the device according to the invention. Accordingly, a separate chimney connection can be completely avoided. Finally, the device according to the invention has a very simple, compact and stable construction and also allows it to be transported from one place to another. In this respect, it is fundamentally possible to move the device from one place to another without great effort and then to put it back into operation.
- the technical features of claim 2, according to which the combustion device is provided with a device for automatically adjusting the gas / air ratio of the gas / air mixture to be combusted, are of particular importance for simple, also extremely variable handling of the device according to the invention.
- the constructive measures of claim 3 are of extremely great interest, namely that the device for automatically adjusting the gas / air ratio of the gas / air mixture to be burned is based on the principle of a water jet pump, in such a way that it is fed to the gas jet burner via a first feed line Gas that entrains air supplied to the gas jet burner via a second feed line.
- Gas radiation burner according to claim 4 has a housing, on the top of which the burner medium is arranged facing the combustion chamber and in which the device for automatic
- a substantially horizontal plate or the like extending in or parallel to a plane spanned by the burner medium is provided in the region of the bottom of the combustion chamber to form a space via which the second supply line for supplying the air is provided and communicate the device for automatically adjusting the gas / air ratio.
- the burner medium is made of ceramic.
- the burner medium is preferably formed from ceramic fibers, which are coated in particular with silicon carbide and welded to one another.
- the burner medium is powerful and forms a stable, self-supporting mat structure. Full radiation is reached just seconds after ignition. The radiation is ended after the combustion device has been switched off. Their surface cools down immediately. In this way, a long preheating before ignition and the generation of after-heat are avoided. A accurate and optimal control is guaranteed.
- the homogeneous mat structure results in uniform and at the same time inexpensive radiation. Finally, such a mat structure has a very long service life.
- the casing of the refractory material delimiting the combustion chamber is formed from stones made of fireclay, concrete, ceramic, clay or soapstone.
- the jacket of the refractory material delimiting the combustion chamber can additionally be provided with an outer cladding.
- the technical features of claims 9 to 12 are of extremely great interest, namely that the largely visible outer cladding is at least partially made of stone, in particular natural stone, preferably marble, granite or soapstone, or artificial stone, ceramic, fireproof glass or metal, in particular Cast steel, mild steel, aluminum or an alloy thereof, or a combination thereof is / are formed.
- the rear jacket, which delimits the combustion chamber, and / or the rear outer cladding is / are designed to be heat-insulating, i.e. consists of thermal insulation material, such as thermal foam panels.
- the frame according to claim 14 comprises a base element, corner-shaped longitudinal support elements connected to the base element on the corner side, and a circumferential head element connected to the longitudinal support elements and essentially adapted to the base area of the base element.
- the frame is formed from steel, in particular stainless steel, preferably from stainless steel, in accordance with the technical features of claim 15.
- the frame and thus the entire device according to the invention is extremely resistant and, for example, insensitive to condensation water forming in the combustion chamber.
- the first feed line for supplying the gas can expediently be opened and closed via at least one, in particular two, valve (s), preferably solenoid valve (s).
- the first feed line for supplying the gas is in accordance with the measures of claim 17 via a temperature sensor and / or a timer which is in the room to be heated is / are arranged and cooperates with a control device, can be actuated.
- the first feed line for supplying the gas has a diameter of approximately between 4 to 12 mm, in particular 8 mm.
- the second supply line for supplying the air communicates directly with the room to be heated.
- the second supply line for supplying the air can preferably be passed through a wall of the room to be heated and is in this respect connected to the outside environment of the room to be heated.
- the second supply line for supplying the air has a diameter of approximately between 20 and 40 mm, in particular of 30 mm.
- the gas radiation burner is assigned an ignition electrode, a piezo ignition device or the like in order to operate the gas / air mixture for operating the device according to the invention in a simple and ignite at the same time reliable way.
- thermocouple to the gas radiation burner in accordance with the features of claim 22, which cooperates with the at least one valve arranged in the first supply line for supplying the gas for opening and closing the first supply line for supplying the gas.
- the thermocouple is assigned to the ignition electrode or the piezo ignition device.
- the exhaust air line is arranged in the rear area of the combustion chamber, in particular on the rear thereof.
- the exhaust air line according to claim 25 is assigned a device for emptying condensed water.
- a device for emptying condensed water leads to a further improvement of the device according to the invention.
- a device for increasing the negative pressure prevailing therein is preferably arranged in the exhaust air duct, which comprises a housing with an opening via which supply air can be introduced or sucked into the exhaust air duct from the space to be heated.
- the condensed water formed in this way is rather collected at the bottom of the exhaust air duct or the combustion chamber and dissolved until the device according to the invention is next put into operation.
- the exhaust air duct in the vertical direction is approximately 150 mm to approximately 350 mm, in particular approximately 240 mm, above that spanned by the surface of the burner medium Level is arranged. This ensures that the exhaust air or exhaust gas discharged through the exhaust air line has a temperature of about 30 ° C to a maximum of about 50 ° C, without additional cooling measures, for example by means of an active water cooling circuit, etc. Efficiencies, as can be observed with conventional devices of this type, are therefore excluded.
- the second supply line and the exhaust air line are provided at the end with a windbreak or the like.
- the combustion chamber is at least partially accessible from the outside via an opening or the like, the opening being able to be sealed by a, in particular transparent, closing device or the like window or door.
- the opening can be used for maintenance, repair and other revision work of the combustion device arranged in the combustion chamber.
- FIG. 1 is a partially broken side view of an embodiment of a device designed according to the invention
- FIG. 2 shows a cross-sectional view through the embodiment of the device according to the invention according to line II-II in FIG. 1, without a plate designed according to the invention
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view through the embodiment of the device according to the invention along line III. III in Fig. 1, with a plate designed according to the invention,
- FIG. 5 is a partially broken side view of an embodiment of a frame according to the invention of the device according to FIGS. 1 to 4,
- FIG. 6 is a plan view of the embodiment of the frame according to the invention shown in FIG. 5,
- Fig. 7 is a partially broken cross-sectional view through the embodiment of the frame according to
- FIGS. 1 to 7 a side view, a plan view, a bottom view and a front view of an embodiment of a combustion device designed according to the invention corresponding to FIGS. 1 to 7, in an enlarged view,
- FIG. 9 is a schematic block diagram of a device for operating the device according to the invention.
- 10A and 10B are a plan view and a development of a device according to the invention for increasing the negative pressure prevailing in the exhaust air line,
- FIG. 11 is a partially broken side view of a further embodiment of a device designed according to the invention.
- FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view through the embodiment of the device according to the invention according to line XII. XII in Fig. 11, and
- FIG. 13 is a front view of the embodiment of the device according to the invention according to arrow XIII in FIG. 12.
- the embodiment of the device 10 according to the invention for generating, storing and emitting heat to a room to be heated (not shown) shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 comprises a combustion chamber 12 which is surrounded and limited by a jacket 14 made of refractory material.
- the casing 14, which delimits the combustion chamber 12 and is made of refractory material, preferably with heat-storing properties, is formed in the exemplary embodiment of the device 10 according to FIGS. 1 to 4 from stones made of fireclay, concrete, ceramic, clay or soapstone or a combination thereof.
- the individual stones have a thickness of approximately 3 cm in order to first distribute the heat generated in the combustion chamber 12 evenly in the combustion chamber 12, then to absorb and store it and finally to give it off to the room to be heated via the outside thereof.
- the casing 14 instead of the construction of the casing 14 from individual stones, however, it is also conceivable to form the casing 14, for example from mortar made of chamotte, mixed with water glass, whereby a largely one-piece casing 14 can be obtained.
- a plate 16 or the like is provided in the area of the bottom of the combustion chamber 12, which plate 16 extends considerably horizontally.
- the plate 16 is a type of cover plate, for example an annular sheet made of stainless steel, such as stainless steel.
- the plate 16 which will be described in more detail below, separates the actual combustion chamber 12 in the region of the bottom of the combustion chamber 12 from a space 18 underneath.
- the jacket 14, which delimits the combustion chamber 12 and is made of refractory material, is provided with an outer cladding 20.
- the outer cladding 20 comprises at least partially slabs of stone, in particular natural stone, such as marble, granite or soapstone, or artificial stone, ceramic, fire-resistant glass or metal, in particular cast steel, structural steel, stainless steel, aluminum or an alloy thereof, or a combination thereof.
- the outer cladding 20 can therefore be individually adapted to the wishes and / or needs of customers.
- the appearance and external appearance of the device 10 can thus be designed in many ways as well as differently.
- the largely visible outer cladding 20 is preferably formed from such plates.
- the present exemplary embodiment is the front side 22 and the two side surfaces 24, 26 of the device 10.
- the outer cladding 20 can optionally also be at least partially heat-insulating.
- the outer cladding 20 is constructed on the rear 28 of the device 10 from thermal insulation material 30. Heat exchange via the rear side 28 of the device 10 is thus counteracted.
- the thermal insulation material 30 is covered with a rear wall 32 made of, for example, galvanized sheet metal.
- the rear wall 32 serves on the one hand to hold the thermal insulation material 30 and on the other hand to avoid mechanical damage to the thermal insulation material 30 by external influences.
- the rear jacket 14, which delimits the combustion chamber 12 can also be formed from thermoplastic chamotte or the like, for example in the form of plates.
- the outer cladding 20 may consist entirely of plates made of stone, in particular granite, ceramic or metal, preferably cast steel, structural steel, aluminum or an alloy thereof, or a combination thereof, i.e. without such additional heat insulation.
- the jacket 14 delimiting the combustion chamber 12 is made of refractory material and supported by a frame 34.
- the individual bricks made of chamotte are inserted into the frame 34, clamped and then sealed with chamotte.
- the individual panels of the outer cladding 20 have been inserted beforehand and then likewise held by the frame 34.
- the frame 10 provides the device 10 according to the invention with a high degree of stiffening. Such a construction has the additional advantage that the device 10 as a whole can be transported very easily.
- the frame 34 here comprises a floor element 36, four longitudinal beam elements 38 and a head element 40.
- the longitudinal beam elements 38 are angular, ie, rectangular in the embodiment shown, and are each connected on the corner side to the floor element 36, for example by screwing or welding.
- the head element 40 is essentially adapted to the base area of the base element 36 and is designed to run all the way round.
- the head element 40 is in turn connected to the longitudinal beam elements 38.
- holding plates 42 are welded to the longitudinal beam elements 38, on which Chen the head element 40 comes to rest and is releasably secured by means of screws 44.
- the upper outer lining 20 in the form of a cover plate or the like is finally placed on the head element 40 and optionally fixed or secured against displacement. This can be done, for example, by means of mortar made of chamotte etc.
- the frame 34 is preferably made of steel, in particular of stainless steel, such as stainless steel, in order to be insensitive to condensation water etc. which forms in the combustion chamber 12.
- the device 10 according to the invention comprises a combustion device
- the combustion device 46 is designed as a gas radiation burner 48.
- a burner medium 50 with a homogeneous, permeable or perforated mat structure or the like is assigned to the gas radiation burner 48.
- the burner medium 50 is made of ceramic.
- the burner medium 50 is preferably made of ceramic fibers.
- the ceramic fibers are preferably coated with silicon carbide and welded together.
- the burner medium 50 is extremely powerful and forms a stable, self-supporting mat structure.
- the complete radiation i.e. an infrared radiation. After the gas radiation burner 48 has been switched off, the radiation is ended.
- the surface of the burner medium 50 cools down immediately.
- the gas radiation burner 48 has a housing 52, on the top of which the burner medium 50 is arranged, namely facing the combustion chamber 12.
- the gas radiation burner 48 can be supplied with gas via a first feed line 54 and with air through a second feed line 56.
- the first feed line 54 is connected, for example, to a gas bottle, not shown.
- the first supply line 54 can communicate with a permanently installed gas line. Any type of gas currently available on the market can be used as gas. To this extent, natural gas and propane gas, such as natural gas north, natural gas south or propane gas at different pressures, etc., are equally suitable for operating the device 10 according to the invention.
- the second feed line 56 in the illustrated embodiment of the device 10 leads from the outside through a wall 58 of the room to be heated or the associated building into the device 10 in order to supply sufficient air and thus oxygen ,
- the second supply line 56 is guided over the rear side 28 of the device 10 and opens into an air supply duct 60.
- the second feed line 56 it is also conceivable to have the second feed line 56 open out directly from the base element 36 (not shown).
- the second supply line 56 for supplying the air can communicate directly with the room to be heated.
- the second feed line 56 represents a connection between the space 18 located under the combustion space 12 and the space to be heated (not shown).
- the plate 16 extends in the area of the bottom of the combustion chamber 12 essentially horizontally and in a plane spanned by the burner medium 50 or parallel to it.
- the plate 16 is provided to form the space 18.
- the device 62 for automatically adjusting the gas / air ratio of the gas / air mixture to be burned as a function of the heat to be generated opens into the housing 52 of the gas radiation burner 48.
- the device 62 is based on the automatic setting of the gas / ventilation ratio of the gas /
- Air mixture based on the principle of a water jet pump.
- the gas supplied to the gas radiation burner 48 via the first feed line 54 automatically entrains the air supplied to the gas radiation burner 48 via the second feed line 56, the supply air duct 60 and the space 18.
- the gas / air mixture is therefore supplied to the gas radiation burner 48 for the heating power required in each case in a corresponding gas / air ratio and burned by the latter.
- more gas is supplied via the first supply line 54, which automatically draws in more air via the second supply line 56, and vice versa. In this way, ideal combustion can be obtained.
- the gas radiation burner 48 is essentially an injector burner.
- the gas radiation burner 48 preferably has a lambda value of 1.2, that is, it sucks in a mixture of gas and air of a total of about 120%.
- the pressure of the gas is in a range from about 10 to 60 mbar. In particular, the gas pressure is 18 mbar for natural gas, 30 mbar for international propane gas or 50 mbar for EU propane gases across Europe, depending on the type of gas used.
- the combustion chamber 12 is closed off from the gas / air mixture which is supplied to the combustion device 46 and is to be burned. sen, ie quasi isolated.
- the combustion device 46 is designed as a gas radiation burner 48.
- the gas radiation burner 48 is fully premixed. In this way, the flame of the gas radiation burner 48 can ideally not be supplied with air, and therefore only imperceptibly, from the combustion chamber 12. An increase in the flame temperature and the temperature profile prevailing in the combustion chamber 12 is therefore excluded.
- the exhaust air or the exhaust gas can therefore be discharged from the combustion chamber 12 at a substantially lower temperature. At the same time, an extremely uniform heat distribution can be obtained overall in the combustion chamber 12.
- a largely uniform heat profile of approximately 100 ° C.
- the exhaust gas itself has a temperature of approximately 30 ° C. to a maximum of approximately 50 ° C.
- the temperature directly on the surface of the fuel is around 900 ° C. Not least because of this, there is only a very low flow in the combustion chamber 12, which additionally favors the heat transfer.
- the efficiency and / or efficiency of the device 10 according to the invention is consequently significantly improved compared to conventional devices.
- An ignition electrode 64 for igniting the gas / air mixture is also assigned to the gas radiation burner 48.
- the ignition electrode 64 is connected via a line 66 to a transformer 68, which in turn can be actuated via a control unit 70 and an (on / off) switch 72.
- Transformer 68 and control unit 70 are also housed in room 18.
- the ignition electrode 64 is also assigned a thermocouple 74 or the like sensor which interacts with at least one valve 76, in particular a solenoid valve.
- valve 76 in particular a solenoid valve.
- two such valves 76 are in the room 18 provided.
- the valves 76 are arranged in the first feed line 54 for supplying the gas and are used to open and close the first feed line 54 depending on the particular gas requirement.
- FIG. 9 is a schematic block diagram together with the transformer 68, the control unit 70 and the (on / off)
- Switch 72 shown to actuate the ignition electrode 64 and the two valves 76 matched.
- a temperature sensor 78 or thermostat for determining the current room temperature and / or a timer 80 for setting the heating / rest intervals of the device 10 is also integrated in the circuit.
- the first feed line 54 for supplying gas to the gas radiant burner '48 is initially interrupted by the valves 76th
- the valves 76 are actuated by means of (on / off) switch 72 and the first feed line 54 is released, so that gas can flow into the gas radiation burner 48 via a nozzle 82.
- the nozzle 82 is integrated in the device 62.
- the gas introduced entrains air which is supplied via the second feed line 56 or is present in the space 18.
- the gas / air mixture arrives completely premixed in the housing 52, then flows under the burner medium 50 and then through the plurality of openings and passages of the burner medium 50.
- the gas / air mixture faces the combustion chamber 12 when actuated of the (on / off) switch 72 ignited via the ignition electrode 64.
- the gas / air mixture is burned evenly.
- the temperature of the burner 46 is continuously measured by the thermocouple 74. Controls depending on the measured temperature the thermocouple 74 then the valves 76 to supply the combustor 46 with the required amount of gas via the first feed line 54. When the flame is extinguished, the first feed line 54 is therefore shut off promptly by the valves 76.
- the device 10 comprises an exhaust air duct 84.
- the exhaust air duct 84 is in the lower region 86, i.e. arranged near the bottom element 36.
- the exhaust air line 84 is further arranged in the rear region 88 of the combustion chamber 12 and preferably on the rear 28 thereof.
- the heat generated by the gas radiation burner 48 is initially accumulated in the combustion chamber 12, which results in a uniform heat distribution.
- the heat is then released to the jacket 14 of the combustion chamber 12 and passed on or introduced via this and the outer cladding 20 to or into the room to be heated.
- the device 10 according to the invention can achieve an efficiency of approximately 97% and a useful efficiency of approximately 99%, i.e. obtain an efficiency and / or efficiency that is more than half that of a conventional tiled stove.
- the exhaust gases to be discharged through the exhaust air line 84 have a temperature of approximately 30 ° C to a maximum of approximately 50 ° C, i.e. have a temperature that is about half that of a conventional tiled stove. At the same time, such a temperature is still high enough to reliably prevent the formation of condensed water in the exhaust air line 84.
- the exhaust line 84 is arranged at a slight distance from the bottom of the combustion chamber 12. In practice, this has proven to be special It has been found to be advantageous that the exhaust air line 84 is arranged in the vertical direction at a distance H of approximately 150 mm to approximately 350 mm, in particular approximately 240 mm, above the plane spanned by the surface of the burner medium 50.
- the exhaust air or the exhaust gas discharged through the exhaust air line 84 only has a temperature of approximately 30 ° C. to a maximum of approximately 50 ° C. after heat has been given off.
- the combustion on the burner medium 50 is therefore not influenced by the exhaust air or the exhaust gas.
- condensation water which forms unexpectedly can be retained in the combustion chamber 12 without it being able to escape through the exhaust air line 84 with the exhaust gas to be discharged. Rather, the condensed water thus formed is collected below the exhaust air line 84 in a condensed water collecting vessel 90 and pressed out during the next heating process.
- a valve 91 can be provided for emptying condensed water.
- a device 92 for increasing the negative pressure prevailing in the exhaust air line 84 is furthermore arranged in the exhaust air line 84 directly on the rear side 28 of the device 10.
- the device 92 comprises a housing 94 with an opening 96.
- the housing 94 has an approximately U-shaped cross section and is provided with two laterally projecting tabs 98 which can be attached to the device 10 on the rear side.
- the housing 94 is provided with a circular bore 100 which receives the exhaust air line 84, which also has an opening in the region of the housing 94 (not shown). The supply air from the space to be heated is in via the opening 96 of the housing 94 the exhaust line 84 can be inserted or sucked in.
- the second supply line 56 and the exhaust air line 84 are at the end, i.e. outside the wall 58 of the room to be heated, provided with a windbreak 102 or the like.
- the windshield 102 can comprise deflection plates (not shown), for example, in such a way that any flow is excluded in the second supply line 56, the supply air duct 60 and the separated space 18. In room 18 it is therefore absolutely windless.
- the space 18 is insensitive to the external pressure. There is atmospheric pressure in room 18, i.e. no wind overpressure or underpressure.
- the combustion chamber 12 is at least partially accessible from the outside via an opening 104 or the like.
- an opening 104 can be closed in a sealing manner via a, in particular transparent, closing device 106, for example in the form of a window or a door.
- FIGS. 11 to 13 Another embodiment of a device 10 designed according to the invention is shown in FIGS. 11 to 13.
- the combustion device 46 is again designed as a gas flow burner 48. Instead of an ignition electrode 64, the gas flow burner 48 is assigned a piezo ignition device 108 for igniting the gas / air mixture.
- the piezo ignition device 108 is connected to an ignition button 112 via a line 110.
- the gas flow burner 48 is also equipped with a thermocouple 114 which interacts with a valve 76, in particular a solenoid valve.
- the valve 76 is arranged in the first supply line 54 for supplying the gas and serves to open and close the first supply line. tion 54 depending on the respective need for gas.
- the first feed line 54 for supplying gas to the gas flow burner 48 is initially interrupted by the valve 76.
- the first feed line 54 is released by means of the regulator 116, which actuates the valve 76, so that gas can flow into the gas flow burner 48.
- the thermocouple 114 controls or regulates the valve 76 in order to supply the gas flow burner 48 with the required amount of gas via the first feed line 54.
- the first feed line 54 is therefore shut off promptly by the valve 76.
- the exhaust air duct 84 communicates with the combustion chamber 12 via an in the upper region 120 of the combustion chamber 12 arranged opening 122 of the exhaust air duct 118 extending in the combustion chamber 12.
- the exhaust air duct 118 has a length which is equal to or greater than half the height of the combustion chamber 12.
- the length of the exhaust air duct 118 preferably corresponds to approximately 3/4 to approximately 9/10 the height of the combustion chamber 12.
- the exhaust air duct 118 is expediently formed by a part of the combustion chamber 12, in particular by its rear side 28.
- the exhaust air duct 86 is therefore approximately U-shaped in cross section and provided with two laterally projecting tabs which are fastened to the jacket 14 made of refractory material.
- the exhaust air duct 118 also consists of stainless steel, in particular of stainless steel, in order to rule out any rust formation in the combustion chamber 12.
- the exhaust air duct 118 has a cross-sectional area which is between approximately 5: 2 and 2: 1 in relation to the cross-sectional area of the exhaust air line 84. example
- a device 10 according to the invention has proven to be particularly advantageous in a surprisingly simple manner.
- the device 10 according to the invention can have the following dimensions and characteristics, for example:
- the external dimensions of the device 10 are approximately 1000 mm x 740 mm x 740 mm.
- the jacket 14 consists of a 34 mm thick refractory material, for example made of chamotte, and a 10 mm thick outer cladding 20.
- the side member elements 38 of the frame 30 have a thickness of 1.5 mm.
- the burner 46 is equipped with a burner output of approximately 1.0 kW to approximately 3.5 kW, in particular approximately 1.5 kW to 2 kW.
- the first feed line 54 for supplying the gas has a diameter of 8 mm, but can also vary in a range from about 4 to 12 mm.
- the second supply line 56 for supplying the air has a diameter of 34 mm, but can also vary in a range between approximately 20 and 40 mm.
- the exhaust air line 84 has a diameter of 50 mm.
- the efficiency of the device 10 according to the invention is approximately 97%, the efficiency (due to the heat store) is approximately 99%.
- the temperature in the combustion chamber 12 is approximately 100 to approximately 150 ° C. over a uniformly distributed heat profile.
- the temperature of the exhaust gas to be discharged through the exhaust line 84 is approximately 30 ° C. to 50 ° C., preferably 35 ° C. to 40 ° C.
- the CO 2 emission is around 4.7
- the combustion device 46 with or with a heating power of between approximately 1.5 kW and approximately 2 kW inclusive has proven to be extremely economical. With a heating period of almost 12 hours, heat is emitted due to the storage of the heat by the device 10 according to the invention for a further 6 hours.
- the device 10 according to the invention is a storage heat gas storage furnace which is simple, compact and reliable and, as a result of a specially designed exhaust system, ensures that the heat remains in the device 10 and not through the chimney or chimney, like a conventional tiled stove.
- the efficiency and / or efficiency of the device 10 according to the invention is extremely high. As a result, the operating costs of the device 10 according to the invention are low.
- the device 10 according to the invention can advantageously be combined with those of a so-called external wall heater.
- a separate chimney is not necessary because of the small dimensions of the exhaust air line 78. Rather, the device 10 can be passed through a wall of the room to be heated, such as an outer wall heater, to the outside without great effort.
- the device 10 according to the invention can be transported at any time and as desired due to the frame 30 provided.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
- Thermotherapy And Cooling Therapy Devices (AREA)
- Heating, Cooling, Or Curing Plastics Or The Like In General (AREA)
- Control And Other Processes For Unpacking Of Materials (AREA)
- Vending Machines For Individual Products (AREA)
- General Preparation And Processing Of Foods (AREA)
- Constitution Of High-Frequency Heating (AREA)
- Air Supply (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| SI200330710T SI1554525T1 (sl) | 2002-10-25 | 2003-10-27 | Naprava za pridobivanje, akumuliranje in oddajanje toplote v prostor, predviden za ogrevanje |
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE10249894 | 2002-10-25 | ||
| DE10249894 | 2002-10-25 | ||
| DE10252821A DE10252821A1 (de) | 2002-10-25 | 2002-11-13 | Vorrichtung zum Erzeugen, Speichern und Abgeben von Wärme an einen zu beheizenden Raum |
| DE10252821 | 2002-11-13 | ||
| PCT/EP2003/011901 WO2004038297A2 (de) | 2002-10-25 | 2003-10-27 | Vorrichtung zum erzeugen, speichern und abgeben von wärme an einen zu beheizenden raum |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP1554525A2 true EP1554525A2 (de) | 2005-07-20 |
| EP1554525B1 EP1554525B1 (de) | 2006-12-27 |
Family
ID=26011216
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP03809331A Expired - Lifetime EP1554525B1 (de) | 2002-10-25 | 2003-10-27 | Vorrichtung zum erzeugen, speichern und abgeben von w rme an einen zu beheizenden raum |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1554525B1 (de) |
| AT (1) | ATE349655T1 (de) |
| AU (1) | AU2003276192A1 (de) |
| CY (1) | CY1106417T1 (de) |
| DE (2) | DE20220283U1 (de) |
| DK (1) | DK1554525T3 (de) |
| ES (1) | ES2279983T3 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2004038297A2 (de) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ITBL20120012A1 (it) * | 2012-12-28 | 2014-06-29 | Zardini Kachelofen S N C Di Sabrin A Zardini & C | Stufa con alimentazione a biocarburante in camera di combustione chiusa |
Family Cites Families (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CH467A (de) | 1889-01-26 | 1889-03-28 | Eduard Werdenberg | Ventilations-Gasheizofen mit feuerfestem Einsatz zur Aufspeicherung der Wärme |
| US2542124A (en) | 1948-11-08 | 1951-02-20 | Martin A Enloe | Circulating heater |
| GB823469A (en) * | 1956-07-05 | 1959-11-11 | Henri Horn S P R L Ets | Heating apparatus of the closed type |
| DE1218686B (de) * | 1961-08-17 | 1966-06-08 | J D Wehrenbold & Sohn G M B H | Warmluft-Raumheizofen |
| FR1448343A (fr) | 1965-07-10 | 1966-08-05 | Beckers Haardenfabriek N V | Appareil de chauffage au gaz des locaux |
| FR2052009A5 (de) | 1969-07-04 | 1971-04-09 | Faure & Cie Sa Ets | |
| US3693610A (en) * | 1970-12-10 | 1972-09-26 | West Creek Co Inc | Camping stove |
| BE855926A (nl) * | 1977-06-21 | 1977-10-17 | Claeys Flandria Nv | Vervolmaking van inrichting en werkwijze voor het praktisch konstant houden van het rendement bij verschillende werkingsregimes van toestellen met verbrandingssysteem met gedwongen afvoer |
| FR2478269A1 (fr) * | 1980-03-13 | 1981-09-18 | Sdecc | Procede de raccordement d'une chaudiere a gaz du type etanche a tirage force a un conduit de fumee conventionnel |
| US4639213A (en) * | 1984-12-17 | 1987-01-27 | Solaronics, Inc. | Confined spaced infrared burner system and method of operation |
| DE4329726C2 (de) | 1993-09-03 | 1997-07-31 | Alexander Suetsch | Kachelgrundofen |
| US5479916A (en) * | 1995-01-06 | 1996-01-02 | Shimek; Ronald J. | Low profile gas burner fireplace table |
| AU1114297A (en) * | 1996-12-24 | 1998-07-17 | Fazli Soman | Heating appliance for apartments |
-
2002
- 2002-11-13 DE DE20220283U patent/DE20220283U1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2003
- 2003-10-27 AU AU2003276192A patent/AU2003276192A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-10-27 EP EP03809331A patent/EP1554525B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-10-27 AT AT03809331T patent/ATE349655T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2003-10-27 WO PCT/EP2003/011901 patent/WO2004038297A2/de not_active Ceased
- 2003-10-27 DK DK03809331T patent/DK1554525T3/da active
- 2003-10-27 ES ES03809331T patent/ES2279983T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-10-27 DE DE50306135T patent/DE50306135D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2007
- 2007-03-27 CY CY20071100425T patent/CY1106417T1/el unknown
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO2004038297A2 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ATE349655T1 (de) | 2007-01-15 |
| WO2004038297A2 (de) | 2004-05-06 |
| DK1554525T3 (da) | 2007-05-07 |
| EP1554525B1 (de) | 2006-12-27 |
| DE20220283U1 (de) | 2003-04-17 |
| DE50306135D1 (de) | 2007-02-08 |
| CY1106417T1 (el) | 2011-10-12 |
| ES2279983T3 (es) | 2007-09-01 |
| WO2004038297A3 (de) | 2004-11-18 |
| AU2003276192A8 (en) | 2004-05-13 |
| AU2003276192A1 (en) | 2004-05-13 |
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