Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
  • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
  • B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
  • B02C13/26—Details
  • B02C13/30—Driving mechanisms
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
  • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
  • B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
  • B02C13/02—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with horizontal rotor shaft
  • B02C13/06—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with horizontal rotor shaft with beaters rigidly connected to the rotor
  • B02C13/09—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with horizontal rotor shaft with beaters rigidly connected to the rotor and throwing the material against an anvil or impact plate
  • B02C13/095—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with horizontal rotor shaft with beaters rigidly connected to the rotor and throwing the material against an anvil or impact plate with an adjustable anvil or impact plate
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
  • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
  • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
  • E02F3/04—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven
  • E02F3/28—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines mechanically-driven with digging tools mounted on a dipper- or bucket-arm, i.e. there is either one arm or a pair of arms, e.g. dippers, buckets
  • E02F3/36—Component parts
  • E02F3/40—Dippers; Buckets ; Grab devices, e.g. manufacturing processes for buckets, form, geometry or material of buckets
  • E02F3/407—Dippers; Buckets ; Grab devices, e.g. manufacturing processes for buckets, form, geometry or material of buckets with ejecting or other unloading device
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
  • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
  • E02F7/00—Equipment for conveying or separating excavated material
  • E02F7/06—Delivery chutes or screening plants or mixing plants mounted on dredgers or excavators

Definitions

• Impact crushers are capable of recycling used concrete, asphalt, brick, cinder block, demolition debris, glass, and any other substances that are hard and brittle. Impact crushers are also used for crushing rock and other natural substances. The recycling of these materials is an increasingly important aspect in the cleaning and preservation of our environment. Impact crushers may reduce objects from a larger to a smaller size in order to recycle and/or store waste material.
• An impact crusher uses a diesel/hydraulic system in order to operate. It is often the case that other pieces of machinery that work in conjunction with the impact crusher to reduce material from a base size to the desired size also have their own diesel/hydraulic systems. For instance, an excavator may load material into the impact crusher, and a screening device may be present to reduce the size of the material that is ejected from the impact crusher. Further, a conveyor and/or feeder system is commonly employed to transport material to and from the impact crusher. In addition to the increased cost of running these separate systems, operation of such numerous diesel/hydraulic systems also negatively impacts the environment.
• An impact crusher is a device that typically includes a frame that defines an enclosure wherein material that is to be crushed is dropped vertically into the frame.
• a rotor is rotationally mounted within the frame and turns about a horizontal axis.
• the rotor is often provided with one or more crushing bars that contact the material that is dropped into the frame.
• the crushing bars impact the material and forces the material against either a wall of the frame or against one or more impact plates that are positioned within the frame.
• the impact plates are positioned for receiving the thrown material and are provided with a dampening member in order to reduce shock to the frame.
• the material is crushed into smaller objects by being thrown against these impact plates and is moved into a different section of the frame.
• the materials again may be contacted by a crushing bar of the rotor and thrown against one or more impact plates to further reduce the size of the crushed material.
• the material is discharged from the frame and is deposited either into a pile or onto a conveyor system which transports the crushed objects to be further processed.
• Some impact crushers are provided with an adjusting mechanism that may be used in order to adjust the distance between the impact plates and the rotor. Such an adjustment of this distance between the impact plates and the rotor typically occurs when the impact crusher assembly is turned off. By varying the distance between the rotor and the impact plates, an adjustment of the size of the crushed objects may be realized. Additionally, this adjustment may be done in order to maintain the desired output size of the crushed objects since the impact plates change size naturally due to wear through normal use.
• Impact crushers may be designed in various formats to produce the crushed objects. For instance, some impact crushers are designed such that the distance between the crushing bars of the rotor and the impact plates is very small, resulting in a crushing of the material that is more akin to grinding than to shattering the object by being thrown against an impact plate.
• An impact crusher is typically employed at construction sites. These construction sites can be, for instance, where buildings are being demolished or where roads are being built or repaired. Material from these construction sites may be placed into the impact crusher, crushed into a suitable size by the impact crusher and a further processing machine, and then reused at this particular construction site. This allows for a quick, inexpensive supply of needed materials along with the reduction of waste to the environment.
• Impact crushers crush hard materials. In fact, impact crushers may crush materials that contain steel. It is sometimes the case that material that contains steel when crushed by an impact crusher separates from the steel upon being crushed.
• An example of some material that may be crushed by an impact crusher includes: rock, rubble, stone, boulders, concrete, asphalt, brick, block, glass, demolition debris, and the like.
• the most efficient mode of operation of the impact crusher is to keep the crushing section full of material.
• Material may be fed into the crushing section of the impact crusher by, for instance, a conveyor and/or feeder.
• Impact crushers are stationary devices that typically are positioned at single locations in a construction site. Other pieces of machinery must be used in order to provide material to the impact crusher to be crushed. Additional equipment must be employed in order to remove the material that is ejected from the impact crusher, and must be used to further process the material into a desired size. Additionally, further equipment may be required in order to transport the ejected material from the impact crusher into a desired location. All of the equipment and/or systems used to transport material to and from the impact crusher, in addition to further process the material, require a source of power. Also, these systems must be maintained and often operated by a user. Elimination of these systems would prove beneficial in that less energy, manpower, and/or power sources would be needed to complete the process. Summary
• the present invention improves upon previous impact crushers by providing for a mobile impact crusher assembly that can be attached to a piece of construction equipment such as an excavator. Additionally, the present invention also improves upon previous impact crushers by providing for a single pass mobile impact crusher assembly that is powered by the vehicle onto which it is attached. Such a configuration reduces the number of diesel/hydraulic systems that must be employed in the crushing of materials, along with a reduction in the amount of equipment that must be employed in reducing material to a desired size.
• the current impact crusher may dig and load objects therein in one orientation and crush and then deposit the crushed material in another orientation. Additionally, other benefits may be realized as described herein.
• the present invention provides for a mobile impact crusher assembly that is used for crushing objects.
• the assembly includes a frame that defines an enclosure with an exterior surface and an interior space with an inlet opening to said interior space. An outlet opening is disposed generally opposite the inlet opening.
• the frame defines a holding section in the interior space adjacent to the inlet opening.
• the frame further defines a crushing section in the interior space that communicates with the holding section and the outlet opening.
• the frame has a connection member configured for pivotal attachment to a vehicle.
• the connection member is carried by the exterior surface of the frame.
• the vehicle may be, for instance, an excavator.
• a rotor is rotationally mounted relative to the frame and is disposed in the interior space. The rotor rotates and crushes objects that are held in the frame.
• the present invention also provides for a mobile impact crusher assembly where at least one impact plate is carried on the frame. Further, the rotor may have one or more crushing bars carried thereon. The crushing bars impact the objects and hurl the objects against the impact plates. The objects are broken apart by a combination of the rotor and the impact plates.
• the rotor may be rotationally driven by a driving mechanism.
• the driving mechanism may be a hydraulic motor that is directly coupled to a shaft of the rotor.
• the driving mechanism in other exemplary embodiments may be a pulley and V-belt arrangement.
• the driving mechanism includes a first frictional engaging member that is connected to the rotor shaft and is driven by a second frictional engaging member that engages and turns the first frictional engaging member.
• the driving mechanism may be configured to be run by a hydraulic source of the vehicle or may have its own separate diesel/hydraulic source located on the mobile impact crusher assembly.
• the present invention provides for a mobile impact crusher assembly that is used for crushing objects.
• the assembly includes a frame that defines an enclosure with an exterior surface and an interior space with an inlet opening to the interior space.
• An outlet opening is disposed generally opposite the inlet opening.
• the frame defines a holding section in the interior space adjacent to the inlet opening.
• the frame further defines a crushing section in the interior space that communicates with the holding section and the outlet opening.
• the frame has a connection member configured for pivotal attachment to a vehicle.
• the connection member desirably is carried by the exterior surface of the frame.
• the vehicle may be, for instance, an excavator.
• a rotor is rotationally mounted relative to the frame and is disposed in the interior space.
• a guard may be present and may be configured to be positioned to block the inlet opening of the frame and prevent some of the objects from exiting the frame through the inlet opening.
• a spray jet or jets are present and is attached to the frame.
• the spray jet may be used for suppressing dust brought about by the crushing of materials.
• the present invention also provides for exemplary embodiments of the mobile impact crusher assembly as discussed above where the guard includes a hinge that is configured to allow the guard to pivot with respect to the vehicle. Additionally, the mobile impact crusher assembly may be provided with a guard that has a support frame that supports an elastomeric dampener, which can be configured with a plurality of curtains arranged in a crisscross pattern.
• the present invention also provides for a mobile impact crusher assembly as discussed above where the guard has a pair of clevises, each clevis having a pivot pin configured to allow the guard to pivot with respect to the vehicle.
• the mobile impact crusher assembly may be configured as discussed above where the guard also has at least one cable that is configured for attachment to the vehicle.
• the cable is used for supporting the guard at a desired position.
• Also provided for in accordance with the present invention is an exemplary embodiment of the mobile impact crusher assembly as discussed above which further has a hydraulic cylinder that engages the guard and is used for positioning the guard.
• the mobile impact crusher assembly of the present invention may also be provided with a dust suppression system.
• This system may include a water tank that is configured for attachment to the vehicle, and a spray jet or jets that are attached to the frame.
• a water line may place these two components into fluid communication with one another, and a water pump may be used to force water through the water line and out of the spray jet in order to reduce dust brought about by the crushing of material.
• Fig. 1 is a side elevation view of a mobile impact crusher assembly in accordance with the present invention.
• the mobile impact crusher assembly is shown attached to an arm of a vehicle (shown schematically) and is preparing to receive objects into a holding section.
• Fig. 2 is a side elevation view of the mobile impact crusher assembly shown in Fig. 1. The view shows the objects being crushed by a rotor and impact plates of the mobile impact crusher assembly, and reduced objects being deposited therefrom.
• Fig. 3A is a side elevation view of an exemplary embodiment of a mobile impact crusher assembly in accordance with the present invention.
• the view shows a driving mechanism being a first frictional engaging member engaging a second frictional engaging member that is driven by a motor.
• Fig. 3B is a side elevation view of an exemplary embodiment of a mobile impact crusher assembly in accordance with the present invention.
• the view shows the driving mechanism being a V belt that is connected between two drive pulleys.
• Fig. 3C is a side elevation view of an exemplary embodiment of a mobile impact crusher assembly in accordance with the present invention.
• the driving mechanism is shown as being a motor coupled directly to a shaft of the rotor.
• Fig. 4A is a front elevation view of the exemplary embodiment of the mobile impact crusher assembly shown in Fig. 3A.
• Fig. 4B is a side elevation view of the mobile impact crusher assembly taken along line 4B of Fig. 4A. The view shows the first and second impact plates being adjustable in order to control the size of the reduced objects that are crushed in the mobile impact crusher assembly.
• Fig. 5 is a side elevation view of an exemplary embodiment of the mobile impact crusher assembly being connected to an arm of an excavator. The excavator is attached to a screener that may further process reduced objects that are crushed by the mobile impact crusher assembly.
• Fig. 6 is a side elevation view of an exemplary embodiment of the mobile impact crusher assembly in accordance with the present invention.
• the view shows the mobile impact crusher assembly being connected to an arm of an excavator and depositing reduced objects therefrom into a screener. The screener may further reduce the size of the crushed objects and deposit them into a corresponding stockpile.
• Fig. 7 is a side elevation view of another exemplary embodiment of the mobile impact crusher assembly of the present invention.
• the view shows a first impact plate being positioned so as to separate a holding section from a crushing section.
• Fig. 8 is a side elevation view of the mobile impact crusher assembly shown in Fig. 7.
• the first impact plate is positioned so that the holding section is no longer isolated from the crushing section.
• Fig. 9 is a top plan view of the mobile impact crusher assembly shown in Fig. 7.
• Fig. 10 is a front view of the mobile impact crusher assembly shown in Fig. 7.
• Fig. 11 is a side elevation view of a mobile impact crusher assembly in accordance with the present invention.
• the mobile impact crusher assembly has a guard pivotally attached to an arm of the vehicle and held in position away from a frame of the mobile impact crusher assembly by a cable.
• Fig. 12 is a side elevation view of the mobile impact crusher assembly shown in Fig. 11 This view shows objects being crushed by a rotor and impact plates of the mobile crusher assembly, and the guard positioned so as to prevent objects from exiting the inlet opening of the mobile impact crusher assembly.
• Fig. 13 is a top plan view of the guard of the mobile impact crusher assembly in accordance with the present invention.
• the guard includes a support frame that carries an elastomeric dampener.
• Fig. 14 is a side elevation view of an exemplary embodiment of a hinge of the mobile impact crusher assembly in accordance with the present invention.
• Fig. 15 is a partial cross-sectional view taken along line 15-15 of Fig. 11.
• Fig. 16 is a side elevation view of an exemplary embodiment of the mobile impact crusher assembly in accordance with the present invention.
• the guard is positioned by a hydraulic cylinder that is attached to an arm of the vehicle.
• Fig. 17 is a side elevation view of an exemplary embodiment of the mobile impact crusher assembly in accordance with the present invention.
• a dust suppression system is present and includes a spray jet or jets that are attached to the mobile impact crusher assembly, and a water tank and water pump configured on an excavator to which the mobile impact crusher assembly is attached.
• Fig. 1 shows a mobile impact crusher assembly 10 in accordance with an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
• the mobile impact crusher assembly 10 includes a frame 26 that has a connection member 22 located thereon.
• the frame 26 defines an enclosure with an exterior surface 31 and an interior space 33.
• An inlet opening 35 allows access into the interior space 33.
• An outlet or discharge opening 54 is located opposite from the inlet opening 35.
• the frame 26 defines a holding section 28 adjacent to the inlet opening 35.
• a crushing section 30 that is in communication with the holding section 28 and the outlet opening 54.
• connection member 22 is configured to be able to receive a member of a vehicle in order to allow for the mobile impact crusher assembly 10 to be selectively connected and selectively disconnected from the vehicle. For instance, a series of bolts may be provided in order to allow for attachment and disconnection of the mobile impact crusher assembly 10 to the vehicle. However, it could be the case that the connection member 22 provides for a permanent connection between the mobile impact crusher assembly 10 and the vehicle.
• the mobile impact crusher assembly 10 may be configured to be connected to any type of machine used in the excavation industry. Examples include a hydraulic excavator, a loader, a shovel, and/or a crane.
• the mobile impact crusher assembly 10 may replace the vehicle's bucket and may also be powered by the vehicle onto which it is attached.
• the mobile impact crusher assembly 10 may be used as a bucket and transfer device, as well as being a crusher that exhibits a controlled form of crushing. In order words, it may be adjusted to regulate the output size of crushed material. This could be significant in that different States require different sized material specifications for base material as well as other products.
• the vehicle onto which the mobile impact crusher assembly 10 is attached is an excavator 12. More particularly, the mobile impact crusher assembly 10 is connected to an excavator arm 14. A pivot 24 is provided on a portion of the excavator arm 14. A hydraulic cylinder 18 is also provided on the excavator arm 14. Actuation of the hydraulic cylinder 18 results in a corresponding rotation of the mobile impact crusher assembly 10 about the pivot 24. Such a pivoting arrangement is commonly known in the art. A hydraulic cylinder line 20 feeds hydraulic fluid to the hydraulic cylinder 18.
• the exemplary embodiment shown in Fig. 1 makes use of hydraulics in order to move and rotate the mobile impact crusher assembly 10, it is to be understood that other mechanisms are possible in accordance with the present invention. For instance, a gear train arrangement could be used in order to provide the required movement and/or rotation of the mobile impact crusher assembly 10.
• the mobile impact crusher assembly 10 includes a rotor 32 that is used to crush objects 42.
• the mobile impact crusher assembly 10 is designed to process objects 42 that may be hard materials and/or recyclable type materials.
• the objects 42 may be concrete, asphalt, brick, cinder block, and/or demolition debris. Additionally, hard and brittle objects such as rock or glass may also be crushed.
• the rotor 32 is provided with at least one and desirably more than one crushing bar 34, which are disposed about the outer circumference of the rotor 32.
• the rotor 32 may hold the crushing bars 34 with the use of wedges, bolts, or through the unique shape of the crushing bar 34.
• the crushing bars 34 may be replaced once they begin to exhibit wear throughout normal operation of the mobile impact crusher assembly 10.
• the rotor 32 may be provided with a series of grinding teeth that are used to crush the objects 42.
• any number of crushing bars 34 may be employed on the rotor 32.
• One such alternate arrangement of the rotor 32 is disclosed in United States Patent No. 4,140,284 to J ⁇ bkes and this patent is incorporated herein in its entirety for all purposes. It will be appreciated that under the scope of the present invention, various ways of driving the rotors 32 can be employed.
• the rotor 32 is rotatably mounted onto a rotor shaft 46, the rotor 32 rotating relative to the frame 26.
• the rotor shaft 46 may be secured onto the frame 26 by two outboard pillow block bearings (not shown) which are carried on the outside of the frame 26.
• Rotation of the rotor 32 may be obtained by a driving mechanism as will be later explained.
• the driving mechanism may be run by its own source of power which may be, for instance, a diesel/hydraulic system that is mounted on the frame 26.
• a diesel/hydraulic system 110 is shown schematically on the frame 26 in Figs. 5 and 6.
• the driving mechanism can be run from the hydraulic system of the vehicle.
• a diesel/hydraulic system 114 may supply hydraulic fluid through a hydraulic line 16 that is run through the excavator arm 14 and into the driving mechanism to eventually turn the rotor 32.
• the mobile impact crusher assembly 10 also includes at least a first impact plate 36 and desirably a second impact plate 38.
• Each impact plate 36, 38 is mounted on the interior of the frame 26.
• the first and second impact plates 36 and 38 aid in preventing the frame 26 from being damaged by the objects 42 thrown from the rotor 32.
• the mobile impact crusher assembly 10 functions by having the rotor 32 rotate so that the crushing bars 34 strike objects 42 and hurl the struck objects against the impact plates 36 and 38. This action breaks up the objects 42 and reduces them to a smaller desired size.
• the first and second impact plates 36 and 38 are attached to the frame via spindles 48.
• the plates 36 and 38 may also be pivotally or non-pivotally mounted onto the frame 26.
• the plates 36 and 38 are mounted such that they have some yield when struck by the objects 42 thrown by the crushing bars 34.
• dampening springs may be used to absorb the forces imparted onto the plates 36 and 38.
• a fluid dampening mechanism such as a hydraulic cylinder may be employed in order to absorb this force.
• Such a dampening mechanism may be employed on a spindle 48.
• the plates 36 and 38 may each be provided with a hardened surface 90 in order to provide for a long life of the first and second impact plates 36 and 38, and consequentially minimize the number of times the plates 36 and 38 need to be replaced.
• the parts will always suffer some degree of wear and will need to be replaced.
• the distance between the first and second impact plates 36 and 38 and the rotor 32 may be adjusted.
• teeth 50 and 52 are provided on either end of the frame 26 in order to, among other things, aid in the initial digging and tearing of the objects 42, or to help scrape them into a holding section 28 of the mobile impact crusher assembly 10.
• the mobile impact crusher assembly 10 may then be reduced by the mobile impact crusher assembly 10.
• Fig. 2 it can be seen that once the objects 42 are placed into the holding section 28, the mobile impact crusher assembly 10 may be manipulated by the excavator arm 14 such that the mobile impact crusher assembly 10 is rotated approximately 90° relative to the position shown in Fig. 1. This tilting allows the objects 42 to fall from the holding section 28 into the crushing section 30.
• the rotor 32 is rotated, and the crushing bars 34 impact the objects 42 such that they are hurled against the first and second impact plates 36 and 38.
• the crushing of the objects 42 takes place in a crushing section 30 of the mobile impact crusher assembly 10.
• the objects 42 are reduced to a first size upon contact with the first impact plate 36, and are reduced to a subsequent smaller size upon their impact against the second impact plate 38.
• the reduced objects 44 fall through the mobile impact crusher assembly 10 due to a combination of gravity and/or the dynamic forces imparted upon the reduced objects 44 by the rotor 32 and the impact plates 36 and 38.
• the reduced objects 44 are discharged from the mobile impact crusher assembly 10 through a discharge opening 54.
• the reduced objects 44 then fall into either a stockpile or some other vehicle or area that is immediately below the mobile impact crusher assembly 10.
• the mobile impact crusher assembly 10 may function in orientations other than those disclosed in Figs. 1 and 2.
• the driving mechanism 40 is shown in more detail in Fig. 3A.
• This particular configuration of the driving mechanism 40 includes a first frictionally engaging member 58 and a second frictionally engaging member 60.
• the frictionally engaging members 58 and 60 may be, for instance, a first rubber tire 58 and a second rubber tire 60.
• the second rubber tire 60 is driven by a motor 56 that receives power via an input power line 62.
• the motor 56 can be a hydraulic motor 56 that is mounted on the frame 26 and is powered by a hydraulic input line 62 from the vehicle.
• a hydraulic output line 64 runs from the hydraulic motor 56 through the frame, and back to the vehicle.
• the first rubber tire 58 is engaged by the second rubber tire 60 such that rotation of the second rubber tire 60 causes a corresponding rotation of the first rubber tire 58.
• the first rubber tire 58 is fixed to rotate with the rotor shaft 46. Therefore, rotation of the first rubber tire 58 causes a rotation of the rotor shaft 46 which subsequently causes rotation of the rotor 32 (as shown in Fig. 1 and 2).
• the first and second rubber tire 58 and 60 arrangement shown in Fig. 3A may be powered by other means.
• an electric motor 56 may be coupled to the second rubber tire 60 and may drive the second rubber tire 60 in much the same way as the hydraulic motor 56.
• the hydraulic lines 62 and 64 from and to the vehicle do not need to be present in other exemplary embodiments of the present invention.
• the hydraulic motor 56 may be powered by its own diesel/hydraulic system 110 that is contained on the frame 26, as shown in Fig. 5 or elsewhere in other exemplary embodiments.
• Fig. 3B shows an alternate exemplary embodiment of the driving mechanism 40.
• a hydraulic motor 56 is present on the frame 26 but instead of driving the second rubber tire 60, the hydraulic motor 56 drives a drive pulley 66.
• Another drive pulley 68 is also present and is in communication with the rotor shaft 46.
• the drive pulleys 66 and 68 are in communication with one another through a V-belt 69. Rotation of the drive pulley 66 brought about by rotation of the hydraulic motor 56 will cause a corresponding movement of the V- belt 69 around the drive pulley 66. Such motion of the V-belt 69 causes a corresponding motion of the drive pulley 68 which is in contact with the rotor shaft 46 causing rotation of the rotor 32 (as seen in Figs. 1 and 2). Again, the hydraulic motor 56 need not be present in the exemplary embodiment shown in Fig. 3B.
• an electric motor may be substituted for the hydraulic motor 56 shown in Fig. 3B.
• the hydraulics required to run the hydraulic motor 56 may be supplied by an independent hydraulic/diesel system 110 that is present on the frame 26, and is not run from the vehicle into the frame 26 or elsewhere, as shown in Fig. 5.
• Fig. 3C shows yet another exemplary alternative embodiment of the driving mechanism 40.
• the hydraulic motor 56 is directly mounted onto the rotor shaft 46.
• Hydraulic lines 62 and 64 are again present and are run from the vehicle into the frame 26 and are used to power the hydraulic motor 56.
• the hydraulic motor 56 may be substituted with an electric motor in other exemplary embodiments of the present invention.
• the hydraulic source may be independently created and housed on the frame 26 or elsewhere as opposed to being supplied from the hydraulics of the vehicle.
• the direct mounting of the hydraulic motor 56 may be accomplished by various ways known in the art.
• the shaft emanating from the hydraulic motor 56 may be coupled onto the rotor shaft 46.
• the RPM of the rotor 32 may be regulated by a hydraulic control value (not shown).
• Fig. 4A shows a front elevation view of the mobile impact crusher assembly 10 having the driving mechanism 40 displayed in Fig. 3A.
• the driving mechanism 40 is positioned on an end of the frame 26 and is adjacent to the holding section 28.
• a counterweight (not shown) may be placed on an opposite end from the driving mechanism 40 as is known in the art.
• a screen may be placed in the opening leading to the holding section 28. Such a screen may help ensure that objects other than those sought to be placed into the holding section 28 are prevented from entering the holding section 28.
• Fig. 4B is a side elevation view taken along line 4B of Fig. 4A.
• the first impact plate 36 is adjusted to an adjusted position 70, which is schematically indicated by the chain-dashed line representation of the first impact plate 36.
• the second impact plate 38 is shown being moved to an adjusted position 72.
• the adjusted positions 70 and 72 may be provided by rotation of the threaded spindles 48.
• the effect of these adjustments in position is to vary the output size of the reduced objects 44 (as shown in Fig. 2).
• wear on the hardened surfaces 90 of the first and second impact plates 36 and 38 may require adjustment of the plates 36 and 38 into the adjusted positions 70 and 72 in order to provide for the correct size of the reduced objects 44 (as shown in Fig.
• a hydraulic cylinder 112 may be provided on the frame 26 and in engagement with the first impact plate 36.
• the hydraulic cylinder 112 may be actuated in order to close off and isolate the holding section 28 from the crushing section 30.
• the rotor 32 may be run, and the hydraulic cylinder may then move the first impact plate 36 so that objects 42 are then hit by the crushing bars 34 of the rotor 32.
• FIG. 7 An alternative exemplary embodiment of the mobile impact crusher assembly 10 is shown is Fig. 7.
• the hydraulic cylinder 112 is shown being in an actuated position in which the cylinder 112 extends through an elongated slot (not visible in Fig. 7 view), and the first impact plate 36 is positioned so as to isolate the holding section 28 from the crushing section 30. This is accomplished by having the hydraulic cylinder 112 being pivotally attached to first impact plate 36 through a pivotal attachment 200.
• the first impact plate 36 is also pivotally attached to the frame 26 at a pivotal attachment 204.
• the holding section 28 may be used as a bucket as is present on a conventional excavator.
• the first impact plate 36 is pivoted about the pivotal attachment 204.
• the hydraulic cylinder 112 is partially housed within a frame extension 206 of the frame 26. Hydraulic fluid is fed into and out of the hydraulic cylinder 112 through hydraulic lines 224 and 226.
• the hydraulic cylinder 112 is pivotally attached to the frame extension 206 of the frame 26 through a pivotal attachment 202.
• the pivotal attachment 202 allows the hydraulic cylinder 112 to pivot with respect to the frame 26 during actuation of the hydraulic cylinder 112.
• the second impact plate 38 is shown as being pivotally attached to the frame 26 through a pivotal attachment 208. As such, upon being struck by thrown objects 42, the second impact plate 38 will pivot about the pivotal attachment 208.
• a further pivotal attachment 210 is present on the second impact plate 38 in order to allow a rod 216 to be connected to the second impact plate 38 and pivot with respect thereto.
• the rod 216 extends through a spring 218, a frame extension 222, and an opening (not visible in the Fig. 7 view) through the frame 26.
• the spring 218 engages the frame extension 222 of the frame 26 on one end thereof, and engages a plate 220 on an opposite end.
• a limiting member 212 being a first nut 212 is connected to the rod 216 and engages the plate 220.
• Another limiting member 214 being a second nut 214 is threadably engaged upon the rod 216, the spring 218 being positioned between the first nut 212 and the second nut 214.
• the first and second nuts 212 and 214 may be either threadably connected onto the rod 216 or permanently affixed to the rod 216.
• Objects 42 that are thrown against the second impact plate 38 impact the hardened surface 90. The force of this impact is transferred through the rod 216 and causes the plate 220 to compress the spring 218. The spring 218 exerts a force in response to the impact, and tends to absorb the force of the impact.
• the first and second nuts 212, 214 may be adjusted in order to vary the distance of the second impact plate 38 from the frame 26. This adjustment may therefore allow for the regulation of the size and amount of the crushed objects 44 that are discharged from the mobile impact crusher assembly 10.
• hydraulic cylinders may be incorporated into both of the first and second impact plates 36, 38 in order to help prevent oversized crushed objects 44 from exiting the mobile impact crusher assembly 10.
• the rod 216 and nuts 212, 214, the spring 218, and related components may be configured with a manual spring style release system that provides for faster adjustment of the second impact plate 38.
• the exemplary embodiment of the mobile impact crusher assembly 10 shown in Fig. 7 has the rotor 32 being provided with two crushing bars 34.
• Each of the crushing bars 34 is affixed to the rotor 32 by way of a wedge 228.
• the wedge 228 is designed so that the wedge 228 tightens as the centrifugal force due to the rotating rotor 32 increases.
• other ways of attaching the rotor 32 and the crushing bars 34 are contemplated.
• pins, bolts, or welding may be employed in other exemplary embodiments.
• the crushing bars 34 may have a curved cross-section instead of a rectangular cross-section.
• the crushing bars 34 can have a curved section in order to fit into a corresponding curved section in the rotor 32 to provide for attachment of the crushing bars 34 onto the rotor 32.
• Fig. 8 shows the mobile impact crusher assembly 10 of Fig. 7 where the hydraulic cylinder 112 has been retracted such that the first impact plate 36 is positioned within the interior space 33 so that the holding section 28 is not isolated from the crushing section 30.
• the mobile impact crusher assembly 10 may have the first impact plate 36 positioned as shown in Fig. 7 and may be manipulated such that objects 42 are placed within the holding section 28.
• the mobile impact crusher assembly 10 may be rotated such that the holding section 28 is for the most part above the crushing section 30. Rotation of the rotor 32 may be started, and once a desired rotational speed is obtained the first impact plate 36 may be swung into the open position as shown in Fig. 8.
• This type of an arrangement may be advantages in that the rotor 32 may be prevented from being jammed due to the fact that it is at a fully developed speed before any contact with the objects 42 occurs.
• Fig. 9 is a top view of the mobile impact crusher assembly shown in Figs. 7 and 8.
• the motor 56 is a hydraulic motor that is attached to the frame 26.
• a shaft 230 is coupled to the motor 56 and extends across the frame 26.
• the shaft 230 is rotationally mounted onto the frame 26 by way of a pair of bearing assemblies 232.
• the driving mechanism is essentially the same as the driving mechanism 40 as shown in Fig. 3B.
• a V-belt 69 is employed in order to allow for rotational motion to be transferred from the drive pulley 66 to the drive pulley 68.
• the drive pulley 66 is connected to the shaft 230 such that rotation of the shaft 230 causes a corresponding rotation of the drive pulley 66.
• Fig. 10 shows a front view of the exemplary embodiment of the mobile impact crusher assembly 10 displayed in Figs. 7 through 9.
• a guard 236 is positioned proximate to the inlet opening 35 of the frame 26.
• the guard 236 may be configured such that objects 42 are only able to enter the mobile impact crusher assembly 10 if they are of a desired size and weight. It is to be understood that in other exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the presence of the guard 236 is not necessary.
• Fig. 5 shows the mobile impact crusher assembly 10 being connected to a first excavator arm 14 of an excavator 12.
• the excavator 12 includes a second excavator arm 76 that is attached to the first excavator arm 14.
• the second excavator arm 76 also has a second hydraulic cylinder 74 being attached thereto and being powered by the diesel/hydraulic system 114 of the excavator 12.
• Actuation of the second hydraulic cylinder 74 causes a corresponding rotation of the first excavator arm 14 about the second excavator arm 76.
• the excavator 12 may manipulate the mobile impact crusher assembly 10 such that objects 42 are able to be scooped into the frame 26 of the mobile impact crusher assembly 10.
• the excavator 12 may be moved back and forth on excavator tracks 78. Additionally, the excavator 12 may swivel about the excavator swivel base 79 such that the first excavator arm 14, second excavator arm 76 and the mobile impact crusher assembly 10 are rotated in a direction normal to the side elevational view shown in Fig. 5.
• the mobile impact crusher assembly 10 as opposed to simply reducing the size of objects 42, may also act to separate objects. For instance, steel may be separated from the product in which it is encased during a pass through the mobile impact crusher assembly 10.
• Objects 42 that may be crushed by the mobile impact crusher assembly 10 include rock, rubble, stone, boulders, concrete, asphalt, brick, block, glass, demolition debris and the like.
• a screener 80 is attached to the excavator 12.
• a screener 80 is commonly known in the art, and its purpose is to further reduce or separate material placed into the screener 80.
• the screener 80 may be provided with screener tracks 82 or tires (not shown) in order to aid in movement of the screener 80.
• the screener 80 may be run by its own power source, or may be driven via the diesel/hydraulic system 114 of the excavator 12.
• the screener 80 has a screener input 84 into which objects are deposited. The screener 80 then screens the inputted objects such that only objects of a desired size and/or those exhibiting certain desirable properties are outputted onto the screener output 86.
• output from the screener output 86 is sent directly to another vehicle which then transports the screened objects to a remote location as opposed to simply depositing the output from the screener output 86 into the stockpile 88.
• the mobile impact crusher assembly 10 is replacing the bucket of the excavator 12, the operator of the excavator 12 may use the mobile impact crusher assembly 10 to scoop objects 42 to be crushed in much the same way as the operator would when using the normal bucket.
• Fig. 6 shows a side elevation view of an exemplary embodiment of the mobile impact crusher assembly 10 in accordance with the present invention.
• the mobile impact crusher assembly 10 is again attached to an excavator 12 and is shown as being rotationally pivoted on the first excavator arm 14.
• the mobile impact crusher assembly 10 is in a substantially vertical orientation such that objects 42 are being crushed by the mobile impact crusher assembly 10 and are being expelled into the screener input 84 of the screener 80.
• the reduced objects 44 are further processed by the screener 80 such that they are reduced in size and/or sorted according to desired properties.
• the output from the screener output 86 is deposited into the stockpile 88 of screened material.
• the mobile impact crusher assembly 10 may be connected to vehicles other than the excavator 12 in other exemplary embodiments of the present invention as schematically shown in Fig. 1.
• the mobile impact crusher assembly 10 may be configured to be attached to a vehicle 13 such as a loader, a shovel, and/or a crane. As such, attachment to only the excavator 12 is not always necessary.
• the connection member 22 may be configured such that the mobile impact crusher assembly 10 is engageable with two or more different types of vehicles.
• One advantage of the present invention is that the mobile impact crusher assembly 10 is capable of being mounted onto a vehicle as opposed to simply being positioned on the ground.
• Such a configuration allows for the elimination of an independent power source needed to run the stand-alone impact crusher that is positioned on the ground. Additionally, several steps can be combined or eliminated when the mobile impact crusher assembly 10 is mounted onto an arm of a vehicle. For instance, it is not necessary to load the objects 42 into the standalone impact crusher and then retrieve the reduced objects 44 from the crusher.
• An additional advantage of the mobile impact crusher assembly 10 as disclosed in the present application is that the mobile impact crusher assembly 10 may produce a desired saleable object by a single pass of the objects 42 through the holding section 28 and the crushing section 30.
• a saleable object is defined as an object outputted from the mobile impact crusher assembly 10 that is of a desired size, and in which no other machinery is needed to place the object into the mobile impact crusher assembly 10 or remove the reduced object therefrom.
• current impact crushers are used for the purpose of reducing the objects 42 into reduced objects 44 which are then required to be further processed in order to achieve objects of the desired size. In essence, current impact crushers are preparation crushers and are not capable of producing saleable objects of the desired size.
• At least one exemplary embodiment of the present invention allows for saleable objects to be realized upon departing the discharge opening 54 through a single pass of the objects 42 through the holding section 28 and the crushing section 30. It is also to be understood that in other exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the mobile impact crusher assembly 10 can be used in a preparation stage in reducing the objects 42. As shown in Figs. 5 and 6 for example, the reduced objects 44 are further processed by the screener 80.
• a single diesel/hydraulic system 114 is used on the excavator 12 and also powers the mobile impact crusher assembly 10 as opposed to two separate diesel/hydraulic systems, one being for the excavator 12 and the other for a stand-alone impact crusher. Further savings can also be realized in the exemplary embodiment shown in Figs. 5 and 6 if the single diesel/hydraulic system 114 is also used to power the screener 80. It is therefore the case, that the present invention may eliminate the need for an elaborate hopper/feeder/crusher/conveyor system.
• the mobile impact crusher assembly 10 may utilize the holding section 28 as a hopper and feeder.
• the reduced objects 44 simply discharge at a desired height from the mobile impact crusher assembly 10 to create a stockpile without the use of a conveyor.
• the excavator 12 can swivel about the excavator swivel base 79 anywhere in a 360° circumference to deposit reduced objects 44. This allows for multiple piles of the reduced objects 44 to be stock piled without moving the excavator 12 via the excavator tracks 78.
• the screen 80 may be mounted on the screener tracks 82 or simply mounted on tires (not shown) while being towed.
• the screener 80 may have its own source of power in order to provide its own mobility as opposed to being simply towed by the excavator 12.
• the present invention encompasses exemplary embodiments where the screener 80 is an independent vehicle from the excavator 12 and has its own power source, and also encompasses exemplary embodiments where the screener 80 and the excavator 12 are essentially one vehicle, each sharing their own power source.
• the screener 80 is towed by the excavator 12 and is powered by the same power source which runs the excavator 12.
• the excavator 12 may use the mobile impact crusher assembly
• the excavator 12 may be rotated
• a guard 302 is provided and is attached to the excavator arm 14 of the excavator 12 (Fig. 5).
• the guard 302 is positioned away from the inlet opening 35 of the frame 26 such that objects 42 may be scooped into the mobile impact crusher assembly 10 through the inlet opening 35.
• the guard 302 is pivotally attached to the excavator arm 14 by a hinge 306. The guard 302 is further held in the position shown in Fig.
• FIG. 11 by a cable 310.
• the guard 302 may be held away from the frame 26 by the hinge 306 and the cable 310.
• the mobile impact crusher assembly 10 of Fig. 11 is shown in the crushing position.
• the frame 26 is rotated into the crushing position such that the guard 302 blocks the inlet opening 35 (Fig. 11 ) of the frame 26.
• the guard 302 prevents the objects 42 from exiting the mobile impact crusher assembly 10 through the inlet opening 35 (Fig. 11 ). Absent the positioning of guard 302 as shown in Fig. 12, objects 42 may be inadvertently thrown out of the mobile impact crusher assembly 10 through the inlet opening 35 (Fig.
• the guard 302 may also assist in the dampening of noise associated with the crushing of objects 42 by the mobile impact crusher assembly 10.
• the guard 302 may therefore deflect objects 42 that are thrown upward while the mobile impact crusher assembly 10 is operating. Consequently, the guard 302 may protect the excavator 12 from being damaged.
• the guard 302 may be configured in order to block the entire inlet opening 35, or may be configured in order to block only a portion of the inlet opening 35 in accordance with various exemplary embodiments. A portion of the side face of the guard 302 is cut away in Fig. 12 in order to show the objects 42 being blocked by the guard 302.
• the frame 26 engages the guard 302 such that the guard 302 is slightly lifted off of a support member 304.
• the support member 304 may be a welded structure attached to the excavator arm 14 of the excavator 12.
• the support member 304 may be used to support the guard 302 when the guard 302 is not engaged by the frame 26. Further, the support member 304 may be used as a stop in order to prevent the guard 302 from rotating or moving past a desired location.
• the hinge 306 used to provide pivotal attachment of the guard 302 to the excavator arm 14 may be seen in more detail in Figs. 13 and 14.
• the hinge 306 is made from a pair of clevises 316 that are each rigidly attached to the excavator arm 14. In one exemplary embodiment, they may be welded onto the excavator arm 14. Alternatively, the clevises 316 can be attached to the arm 14 with mechanical fasteners such as bolts and nuts.
• the guard 302 includes a frame support 320 that extends into each of the clevises 316 and is pivotally retained thereon by a pair of pivot pins 308.
• clevises 316 Although shown as employing a pair of clevises 316, it is to be understood that in accordance with other exemplary embodiments of the present invention that more or fewer of the clevises 316 may be used in order to effect pivotal attachment of the guard 302.
• the support frame 320 incorporated into the guard 302 may include a steel structure, for instance tubular steel, that includes a series of crisscrossing members 331 forming a shallow cage that is open at the bottom and at the front end, which is nearest the hinge 306.
• Guard 302 also desirably includes an elastomeric dampener 318 that lines the interior of the cage 320.
• a plurality of side frame pieces 333 (Fig. 11 ) may be employed in order to form a structure which provides strength to the support frame 320, forms an enclosure preventing objects 28 from escaping the inlet opening 11 , and allows for attachment of the elastomeric dampener 318.
• the objects 42 (Fig.
• the guard 302 may be a single piece which is in the shape of a plate or a plate having side walls, and may be made of either a single rigid material or a single flexible material. As such, various constructions of the guard 302 are possible in accordance with other exemplary embodiments of the present invention.
• the support frame 320 may be made from tubular steel that is welded together to form a framework that outlines the elastomeric dampener 318.
• the elastomeric dampener 318 may be rubber that is both pliable and durable, and may be either glued or bolted onto the support frame 320.
• the elastomeric dampener 318 and possibly the support frame 320 may be somewhat flexible such that they momentarily take the shape of objects 42 (Fig. 12) that contact the guard 302.
• Fig. 15 is taken along line 15-15 of Fig. 11 and shows the guard 302.
• the elastomeric dampener 318 may be composed of multiple hanging curtains 319 that run lengthwise within cage 320.
• Dampener 318 also can include a plurality of hanging cross-curtains 321 that are designed widthwise within cage 320 and intersect curtains 319 so that curtains 319 and cross-curtains 321 crisscross one another within the guard 302.
• An advantage of this configuration is that the cross- curtains 321 can absorb a higher amount of force from propelled objects 42 due to lengthwise impacting on the cross-curtains 321 , and due to strength added from their crisscross configuration. As shown in Fig.
• dampener 318 includes a base 322 that rests against and closes off the top of cage 320, and curtains 319 and cross-curtains 321 depend from base 322.
• a front flap 317 of the dampener 318 hangs down in front of the front end of the guard 302.
• the guard 302 defines an open side nearest to the arm 14. This open side is advantageous in that objects 42 are more easily retained by the guard 302 since the frame 26 may be more snuggly fit into the guard 302 since the open face allows for such insertion.
• the present invention is not limited to a specific configuration of the elastomeric dampener 318, and various shapes may be employed in other exemplary embodiments.
• the guard 302 employs a cable 310.
• a pair of cables 310 may be used in place of the single cable 310 that is run through an opening in a vehicle cable connection member 312.
• Each of the cables 310 (or cable 310 if one is used) is pivotally attached to the excavator arm 14 by the vehicle cable connection member 312, which in one exemplary embodiment may be welded onto the excavator arm 14.
• the cables 310 are pivotally attached to the guard 302 by a pair of guard cable connection members 314.
• the guard cable connection members 314 may be spaced from one another in order to provide desired stability of the guard 302. However, it is to be understood that in other exemplary embodiments of the present invention, that more or fewer than two guard cable connection members 314 may be used, along with variations of the positioning of the guard cable connection members 314.
• the cable 310 is in tension, and supports one end of the guard 302, when the guard 302 is disposed away from the inlet 35 of the frame 26.
• tension is released on the cable 310 and it becomes slack, in which case the guard 302 may be allowed to be pivoted about the hinge 306.
• the guard 302 may be properly positioned without the use of any power source.
• other exemplary embodiments of the present invention exist in which the guard 302 is positioned by an electrical or hydraulic source.
• a hydraulic cylinder 324 is pivotally attached to the excavator arm 14 and the guard 302.
• the hydraulic cylinder 324 may be powered by the diesel/hydraulic system 114 of the excavator 12, and placed into communication with the diesel/hydraulic system 314 through a hydraulic line 322. Actuation of the hydraulic cylinder 324 will cause the guard 302 to be pivoted about the hinge 306 and positioned at a desired location.
• the guard 302 may be attached to the frame 26.
• the guard 302 may be moved in order to block the inlet opening 35 of the frame 26 by gravity through the configuration of the guard 302, or may be moved by an electric or hydraulic system such as the exemplary embodiment shown in Fig. 16.
• the guard 302 may be detached from the excavator 12 by removing the guard 302 at the hinge 306 and at the vehicle cable connection member 312 in order to allow for transportation of the excavator 12, or to mount another attachment onto the excavator arm 14.
• the present invention also provides for a mobile impact crusher assembly
• the dust suppression system includes a water tank 352 that may be mounted on the excavator 12.
• a water pump 356 may be included that may run off of a power system included with the excavator 12, or may be provided with a small engine that operates the water pump 356.
• Water may be pumped through a water line 354 located on the excavator arm 14 into a spray jet or jets 350 attached to the frame 26 near the outlet 54.
• the dust suppression system may be activated such that water is sprayed out of the spray jet or jets 350 proximate to the discharge opening 54 (Fig. 12) of the frame 26 in order to cut down on the amount of dust produced by the crushing operation.
• the dust suppression system may be used apart from the guard 302 discussed above, or may be used in combination with the guard 302 as previously discussed.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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• Food Science & Technology (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Civil Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Structural Engineering (AREA)
• Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)
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• 2003
  • 2003-09-16 WO PCT/US2003/029046 patent/WO2004026478A2/en not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 2003-09-16 EP EP03754627A patent/EP1539355A2/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2003-09-16 AU AU2003272447A patent/AU2003272447B2/en not_active Ceased
  • 2003-09-16 CA CA002498968A patent/CA2498968C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime

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