EP1538060A1 - Method for addressing rail vehicles according to their position - Google Patents

Method for addressing rail vehicles according to their position Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1538060A1
EP1538060A1 EP03027706A EP03027706A EP1538060A1 EP 1538060 A1 EP1538060 A1 EP 1538060A1 EP 03027706 A EP03027706 A EP 03027706A EP 03027706 A EP03027706 A EP 03027706A EP 1538060 A1 EP1538060 A1 EP 1538060A1
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Prior art keywords
distance
route
determined
rail vehicle
database
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EP03027706A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1538060B1 (en
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Philipp Dipl.-Ing. Tarter
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Priority to AT03027706T priority Critical patent/ATE319602T1/en
Priority to DE50302588T priority patent/DE50302588D1/en
Priority to EP03027706A priority patent/EP1538060B1/en
Publication of EP1538060A1 publication Critical patent/EP1538060A1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
    • B61L25/00—Recording or indicating positions or identities of vehicles or vehicle trains or setting of track apparatus
    • B61L25/02—Indicating or recording positions or identities of vehicles or vehicle trains
    • B61L25/021—Measuring and recording of train speed
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
    • B61L15/00—Indicators provided on the vehicle or vehicle train for signalling purposes ; On-board control or communication systems
    • B61L15/0018—Communication with or on the vehicle or vehicle train
    • B61L15/0027—Radio-based, e.g. using GSM-R
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
    • B61L25/00—Recording or indicating positions or identities of vehicles or vehicle trains or setting of track apparatus
    • B61L25/02—Indicating or recording positions or identities of vehicles or vehicle trains
    • B61L25/023—Determination of driving direction of vehicle or vehicle train
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
    • B61L25/00—Recording or indicating positions or identities of vehicles or vehicle trains or setting of track apparatus
    • B61L25/02—Indicating or recording positions or identities of vehicles or vehicle trains
    • B61L25/025—Absolute localisation, e.g. providing geodetic coordinates
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
    • B61L27/00—Central railway traffic control systems; Trackside control; Communication systems specially adapted therefor
    • B61L27/70—Details of trackside communication
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
    • B61L2205/00—Communication or navigation systems for railway traffic
    • B61L2205/02—Global system for mobile communication - railways (GSM-R)
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
    • B61L2205/00—Communication or navigation systems for railway traffic
    • B61L2205/04—Satellite based navigation systems, e.g. GPS

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for locating rail vehicles and for location-dependent Rufzuscnies same to a fixed radio network subscriber using a with a server-equipped central unit, an exchange and several, arranged in the rail vehicles Terminals for call setup and for transmitting the position data the same.
  • Rail vehicles are majority with radio devices as Enered equipped, which is the communication between the Allow the driver and the dispatcher. Because exactly one dispatcher is responsible for each route is the rail vehicle operator with the corresponding Dispatcher be connected.
  • a route is by a route number, a starting point and defines an endpoint in a rail network.
  • One Track always corresponds to a single track.
  • the position on a route is defined with the route kilometer. This is at the starting point of the route zero and at the end the distance the length of the route in kilometers.
  • a bearing of the mobile terminals can periodically or at the time the call is established, the result is central is detected. Because of the linear arrangement of the radio stations gives the bearing an estimated accuracy of some a hundred meters and is therefore inaccurate.
  • the location of the rail vehicle can also according to a "Balisensystem” determined by means of passive or active sensors be arranged next to the tracks. These Location information is sent over a communication network to a Central transmitted to the connection of the calls.
  • a "Balisensystem” determined by means of passive or active sensors be arranged next to the tracks.
  • GPS global positioning system
  • the invention aims to provide a method of locating of rail vehicles and for location-dependent call activation to provide the same to a fixed radio network subscriber, which avoids these disadvantages, and achieves this in that a central processing unit with a first and a second database, a transceiver for short messages and a Interface is used for radio switching, and that Terminal with a position-determining device for periodic Determination of the coarse position data of the rail vehicle and for their transmission and with a transmission / Receiving unit is equipped for short messages, wherein in the central unit from the received and in the first Database stored rough position data of the rail vehicle the exact position of the rail vehicle by means of a correlation method and calculates an instruction provided the interface to the radio exchange becomes.
  • the short messages are via SMS or GPRS and the radio switching formed by GSM-R.
  • a further feature of the invention is in the correlation method on routes without branches due to Speed and the direction of travel of the rail vehicle from one closest to the measuring point and on the route lying reference point and its two-sided equidistant Neighboring points went out, and that link of two adjacent reference points determined at which the measuring point within the two normal standing on the link and passing through both reference points line by from the addition of the distance of the measuring point from the reference point and the distance of the measuring point from the one Neighbor point of the reference point is formed a sum that with the sum of the distance of the measuring point from the reference point and the distance of the reference point from the other Neighboring point of the reference point is compared, the smaller sum as a minimum condition the link defined, and the distance of the measuring point of the determined Link through the normal distance of the through the measuring point and the reference points of the link formed Triangle is calculated.
  • the normal distances which are smaller than expected Gross measurement errors are the rail vehicle in the area of a node, with the track being in the first Database stored timetable is determined.
  • Fig. 1 represents the minimum condition of the method geometrically and Fig. 2 shows a flowchart of the method.
  • the method uses a central processing unit, a mobile switching center (GSM-R) and several in rail vehicles located terminals.
  • the central unit is with a server, which has a first and a second database, one Transceiver for short messages (SMS) and a Interface for radio switching (GSM-R) equipped.
  • the first database of the server of the central unit stores the Allocation of the latitude and longitude of reference points on the tracks with the corresponding values for route number and route kilometer, with the reference points have equidistant distances of at least 100 m.
  • the second database of the server of the central unit stores the Assignment of a route to the responsible dispatcher.
  • the terminals are equipped with a position-determining device, with the position of the rail vehicle preferably is periodically determined by GPS, and a transmitting / receiving unit for transmitting the position data to the central unit fitted.
  • the terminal periodically determines the coarse Position including the latitude and longitude of the Rail vehicle and sends this position data via SMS to the central unit.
  • the central unit determines from the measured coarse position, which has an accuracy of approximately 15 meters, and the saved previous positions of the rail vehicle, the corresponding track number and Distance kilometers, by using the previous coarse positions, the speed and direction of travel of the rail vehicle a reference point from the first database is determined which is closest to the measuring point G.
  • the distance of the measuring point G to the connecting distance is calculated. This is shown in FIG. 1, the height N of the triangle with the corner points R1, R2 and the measuring point (G).
  • Is the distance of the determined position to the connecting distance taking into account further interfering factors, e.g. the track curvature in a curve statistically significantly larger than the maximum expected error of the coarse measurement is the calculation iteratively with the reference point of the route with the second smallest normal distance of the measuring point as start value executed.
  • the measured Rough position the closest reference point of the entire route network searched in the first database If that does not lead to the goal, the measured Rough position the closest reference point of the entire route network searched in the first database.
  • the smaller than the expected error of the coarse measurement is located the rail vehicle in the area of a node, and it Additional process steps are used.
  • the server of the central unit stores a schedule, each value pair consisting of the train number of the Rail vehicle and the time the values for distance and Track kilometer are assigned.
  • the route selection described above is used for the distances that come from the gross measurement in Question come compared with the timetable, so that that route which corresponds to the timetable.
  • This frequency parameter can be used for the route selection will be used, especially if no timetable exists, with routes being preferred which the rail vehicle drives most often.
  • An advantage of the method is the automatic and unique Mediation of the responsible dispatcher, without the expensive and lengthy construction work on the track necessary are.
  • Another advantage of the method is that in case of failure the GPS signal in tunnels or stations the position of the Rail vehicle by means of timetable and frequency correlation can be determined.
  • the satellite positioning system GPS through the European positioning system Galileo Upgrading the terminals to be replaced.

Abstract

The method involves using a central unit with server with a first and second data bank, a transmitter/receiver unit for temporary news and an interface for radio exchange. A terminal has a position determining device for periodically determining the rough position data of the train and forwarding same so that the exact position of the train can be calculated by a correlation process in the central unit from the rough position data received and stored in the first data bank. This can then be sent to the interface for radio exchange. In the event of several stretches having normal distances which are less than the expected error in the rough measurement the train is located in a junction area whereby the stretch is determined with the drive plan stored in the first data bank. In the absence of a drive plan the stretch is determined by a frequency parameter.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Ortung von Schienenfahrzeugen und zur ortsabhängigen Rufzuschaltung derselben an einen ortsfesten Funknetzteilnehmer unter Anwendung einer mit einem Server ausgestatteten Zentraleinheit, einer Vermittlungsstelle und mehreren, in den Schienenfahrzeugen angeordneten Endgeräten zum Rufaufbau und zur Übermittlung der Positionsdaten derselben.The invention relates to a method for locating rail vehicles and for location-dependent Rufzuschaltung same to a fixed radio network subscriber using a with a server-equipped central unit, an exchange and several, arranged in the rail vehicles Terminals for call setup and for transmitting the position data the same.

Schienenfahrzeuge sind mehrheitlich mit Funkgeräten als Engeräte ausgestattet, welche die Kommunikation zwischen dem Schienenfahrzeugführer und dem Fahrdienstleiter ermöglichen. Da für jede Strecke jeweils genau ein Fahrdienstleiter zuständig ist, muß der Schienenfahrzeugführer mit dem entsprechenden Fahrdienstleiter verbunden werden.Rail vehicles are majority with radio devices as Engeräte equipped, which is the communication between the Allow the driver and the dispatcher. Because exactly one dispatcher is responsible for each route is the rail vehicle operator with the corresponding Dispatcher be connected.

Eine Strecke ist durch eine Streckennummer, einen Anfangspunkt und einen Endpunkt in einem Eisenbahnnetz definiert. Ein Gleis entspricht immer einer einzigen Strecke. Die Position auf einer Strecke wird mit dem Streckenkilometer definiert. Dieser beträgt am Anfangspunkt der Strecke Null und am Ende der Strecke die Länge der Strecke in Kilometern.A route is by a route number, a starting point and defines an endpoint in a rail network. One Track always corresponds to a single track. The position on a route is defined with the route kilometer. This is at the starting point of the route zero and at the end the distance the length of the route in kilometers.

Mit der bisher eingesetzten Analogtechnik erfolgt die Kommunikation durch manuelle Verbindung. Dabei ruft der Schienenfahrzeugführer eine Vermittlung an, die den Ruf zum zuständigen Fahrdienstleiter weiterleitet. Diese manuelle Vermittlung ist aufwendig und kostet Zeit.With the analog technology used so far communication takes place through manual connection. The rail vehicle driver calls a mediation to the call to the competent Dispatcher forwards. This manual mediation is complicated and costs time.

Gemäß dem Stand der Technik wird bei der digitalen GSM-R Technik die Vermittlung der Rufe aufgrund der geographischen Position automatisiert, indem die Position ermittelt und an die Vermittlungseinrichtung gesendet wird, welche die korrekte Rufzuschaltung durchführt. Diese ortsabhängige Rufzuschaltung wird in Abhängigkeit der Position der versorgenden Funkstation durchgeführt, wobei bei jedem Ruf die Zellennummer der Funkstation mitgeliefert wird, in deren Bereich sich das Schienenfahrzeug befindet. Da eine GSM-R Funkzelle eine Ausdehnung von einigen Kilometern aufweist, ist die Genauigkeit der Ortung unzureichend, da sich in der Reichweite einer GSM-R Funkzelle eine Vielzahl von Strecken befinden können und daher ein Ruf nicht eindeutig vermittelbar ist.According to the prior art is in the digital GSM-R Technology the mediation of the calls due to the geographical Position automates by detecting the position and on the switch is sent which is the correct one Rufzuschaltung performs. This location-dependent call activation becomes dependent on the position of the serving radio station performed, with each call, the cell number of the radio station is included in the range in which the rail vehicle located. Since a GSM-R radio cell has an extension of a few kilometers, is the accuracy of the location inadequate, being in the range of a GSM-R radio cell a variety of routes can be located and therefore a reputation is not clearly mediated.

Eine Peilung der mobilen Endgeräte kann periodisch oder zum Zeitpunkt des Rufaufbaus erfolgen, deren Ergebnis zentral erfaßt wird. Wegen der linearen Anordnung der Funkstationen ergibt die Peilung eine geschätzte Genauigkeit von einigen hundert Metern und ist daher ungenau.A bearing of the mobile terminals can periodically or at the time the call is established, the result is central is detected. Because of the linear arrangement of the radio stations gives the bearing an estimated accuracy of some a hundred meters and is therefore inaccurate.

Die Ortung des Schienenfahrzeuges kann auch gemäß einem "Balisensystem" mittels passiver oder aktiver Sensoren ermittelt werden, die neben den Gleisen angeordnet werden. Diese Ortungsinformationen werden über ein Kommunikationsnetz an eine Zentrale zur Zuschaltung der Rufe übermittelt. Solche "Balisensysteme" ergeben eine gleisgenaue Ortung, sind jedoch aufwendig im Aufbau und teuer im Betrieb.The location of the rail vehicle can also according to a "Balisensystem" determined by means of passive or active sensors be arranged next to the tracks. These Location information is sent over a communication network to a Central transmitted to the connection of the calls. Such "balise systems" result in a precise locating, but are complex in construction and expensive in operation.

Der Einsatz des globalen Ortungssystems GPS hat den Nachteil, daß es in Unterführungen und Tunnel nicht funktioniert und die Genauigkeit von rund 15 Metern zur eindeutigen und gleisgenauen Positionsbestimmung eines Schienenfahrzeuges unzureichend ist, da nebeneinander liegende Gleise in Europa einen mittleren Gleisabstand von 3,34 m bis 4 m aufweisen und somit mit GPS allein nicht unterscheidbar sind.The use of the global positioning system GPS has the disadvantage that it does not work in underpasses and tunnels and the accuracy of around 15 meters to the unique and exact track position determination of a rail vehicle inadequate is because adjacent tracks in Europe one have a mean track spacing of 3.34 m to 4 m and thus not distinguishable with GPS alone.

Die Erfindung zielt darauf ab, ein Verfahren zur Ortung von Schienenfahrzeugen und zur ortsabhängigen Rufzuschaltung derselben an einen ortsfesten Funknetzteilnehmer zu schaffen, das diese Nachteile vermeidet, und erreicht dies dadurch, daß eine Zentraleinheit mit einer ersten und einer zweiten Datenbank, einer Sende-/Empfangseinheit für Kurznachrichten und einer Schnittstelle zur Funkvermittlung verwendet wird, und das Endgerät mit einer Positionsbestimmungseinrichtung zur periodischen Ermittlung der groben Positionsdaten des Schienenfahrzeuges und zu deren Übermittlung sowie mit einer Sende-/ Empfangseinheit für Kurznachrichten ausgestattet wird, wobei in der Zentraleinheit aus den empfangenen und in der ersten Datenbank gespeicherten groben Positionsdaten des Schienenfahrzeuges die genaue Position des Schienenfahrzeuges mittels eines Korrelationsverfahrens berechnet und eine Anweisung an die Schnittstelle zur Funkvermittlung zur Verfügung gestellt wird.The invention aims to provide a method of locating of rail vehicles and for location-dependent call activation to provide the same to a fixed radio network subscriber, which avoids these disadvantages, and achieves this in that a central processing unit with a first and a second database, a transceiver for short messages and a Interface is used for radio switching, and that Terminal with a position-determining device for periodic Determination of the coarse position data of the rail vehicle and for their transmission and with a transmission / Receiving unit is equipped for short messages, wherein in the central unit from the received and in the first Database stored rough position data of the rail vehicle the exact position of the rail vehicle by means of a correlation method and calculates an instruction provided the interface to the radio exchange becomes.

Vorzugsweise werden die Kurznachrichten mittels SMS oder GPRS und die Funkvermittlung mittels GSM-R gebildet.Preferably, the short messages are via SMS or GPRS and the radio switching formed by GSM-R.

Nach einem weiteren Erfindungsmerkmal wird bei dem Korrelationsverfahren bei Strecken ohne Verzweigungen aufgrund der Geschwindigkeit und der Fahrtrichtung des Schienenfahrzeuges von einem dem Meßpunkt am nächsten und auf der Fahrstrecke liegenden Referenzpunkt und dessen beidseitigen äquidistanten Nachbarpunkten ausgegangen, und jene Verbindungsstrecke zweier benachbarter Referenzpunkte bestimmt, bei welcher der Meßpunkt innerhalb der beiden normal auf die Verbindungsstrecke stehenden und durch beide Referenzpunkte gehenden Geraden liegt, indem aus der Addition des Abstandes des Meßpunktes von dem Referenzpunkt und des Abstandes des Meßpunktes von dem einen Nachbarpunkt des Referenzpunktes eine Summe gebildet wird, die mit der Summe des Abstandes des Meßpunktes von dem Referenzpunkt und des Abstandes des Referenzpunktes von dem anderen Nachbarpunkt des Referenzpunktes verglichen wird, wobei die kleinere Summe als Minimum-Bedingung die Verbindungsstrecke definiert, und der Abstand des Meßpunktes von der ermittelten Verbindungsstrecke durch den Normalabstand des durch den Meßpunkt und den Referenzpunkten der Verbindungsstrecke gebildeten Dreiecks errechnet wird.According to a further feature of the invention is in the correlation method on routes without branches due to Speed and the direction of travel of the rail vehicle from one closest to the measuring point and on the route lying reference point and its two-sided equidistant Neighboring points went out, and that link of two adjacent reference points determined at which the measuring point within the two normal standing on the link and passing through both reference points line by from the addition of the distance of the measuring point from the reference point and the distance of the measuring point from the one Neighbor point of the reference point is formed a sum that with the sum of the distance of the measuring point from the reference point and the distance of the reference point from the other Neighboring point of the reference point is compared, the smaller sum as a minimum condition the link defined, and the distance of the measuring point of the determined Link through the normal distance of the through the measuring point and the reference points of the link formed Triangle is calculated.

Nach einem anderen Erfindungsmerkmal werden bei Strecken mit Verzweigungen für jede dieser abzweigenden Strecken jene Referenzpunkte mit den dazugehörigen Normalabständen gesucht, welche die Minimum-Bedingung erfüllen, wobei jene Strecke mit dem geringsten Normalabstand gewählt und der für diese Strecke ermittelte Referenzpunkt als Position angenommen wird, und bei einem Normalabstand der ermittelten Position, der statistisch signifikant größer als der maximal zu erwartende Fehler der Grobmessung ist, die Berechnung iterativ mit dem Referenzpunkt der Strecke mit dem zweitkleinsten Normalabstand des Meßpunktes als Startwert ausgeführt wird.According to another feature of the invention are at stretches with branches for each of these branching routes those Looking for reference points with the associated normal distances, which meet the minimum condition, where that distance with the least normal distance selected and the for this route determined reference point is assumed as position, and in a normal distance of the determined position, the statistical significantly larger than the maximum expected error of the Coarse measurement is the calculation iterative with the reference point the distance with the second smallest normal distance of the measuring point is executed as start value.

Vorzugsweise wird sich bei mehreren Strecken, die Normalabstände aufweisen, welche kleiner als der zu erwartende Fehler der Grobmessung sind, das Schienenfahrzeug im Bereich eines Knotens befinden, wobei die Strecke mit dem in der ersten Datenbank gespeicherten Fahrplan ermittelt wird.Preferably, at several distances, the normal distances which are smaller than expected Gross measurement errors are the rail vehicle in the area of a node, with the track being in the first Database stored timetable is determined.

Weitere Merkmale der Erfindung ergeben sich aus der folgenden Beschreibung an Hand von Zeichnungen, in denen Fig. 1 die Minimum-Bedingung des Verfahrens geometrisch darstellt und Fig. 2 ein Ablaufdiagramm des Verfahrens zeigt.Further features of the invention will become apparent from the following Description with reference to drawings, in which Fig. 1 represents the minimum condition of the method geometrically and Fig. 2 shows a flowchart of the method.

Das Verfahren verwendet eine Zentraleinheit, eine Funkvermittlungsstelle (GSM-R) und mehrere in den Schienenfahrzeugen befindliche Endgeräte. Die Zentraleinheit ist mit einem Server, der eine erste und eine zweite Datenbank aufweist, einer Sende-/Empfangseinheit für Kurznachrichten (SMS) und einer Schnittstelle zur Funkvermittlung (GSM-R) ausgestattet. Die erste Datenbank des Servers der Zentraleinheit speichert die Zuordnung der geographischen Längen- und Breitengrade von Referenzpunkten auf den Gleisen mit den entsprechenden Werten für Streckennummer und Streckenkilometer, wobei die Referenzpunkte äquidistante Abstände von mindestens 100 m haben. Die zweite Datenbank des Servers der Zentraleinheit speichert die Zuordnung einer Strecke zum zuständigen Fahrdienstleiter.The method uses a central processing unit, a mobile switching center (GSM-R) and several in rail vehicles located terminals. The central unit is with a server, which has a first and a second database, one Transceiver for short messages (SMS) and a Interface for radio switching (GSM-R) equipped. The first database of the server of the central unit stores the Allocation of the latitude and longitude of reference points on the tracks with the corresponding values for route number and route kilometer, with the reference points have equidistant distances of at least 100 m. The second database of the server of the central unit stores the Assignment of a route to the responsible dispatcher.

Die Endgeräte sind mit einer Positionsbestimmungseinrichtung, mit der die Position des Schienfahrzeuges vorzugsweise mittels GPS periodisch bestimmt wird, und einer Sende-/Empfangseinheit zur Übermittlung der Positionsdaten an die Zentraleinheit ausgestattet.The terminals are equipped with a position-determining device, with the position of the rail vehicle preferably is periodically determined by GPS, and a transmitting / receiving unit for transmitting the position data to the central unit fitted.

Gemäß Fig. 2 ermittelt das Endgerät periodisch die grobe Position einschließlich des Längen- und Breitengrades des Schienenfahrzeuges und sendet diese Positionsdaten mittels SMS an die Zentraleinheit. Die Zentraleinheit ermittelt aus der gemessenen Grobposition, welche eine Genauigkeit von annähernd 15 Metern aufweist, und den gespeicherten vorherigen Positionen des Schienenfahrzeuges die entsprechende Streckenummer und Streckenkilometer, indem mittels der vorherigen Grobpositionen, der Geschwindigkeit und der Fahrtrichtung des Schienenfahrzeuges ein Referenzpunkt aus der ersten Datenbank bestimmt wird, der dem Messpunkt G am nächsten liegt.According to Fig. 2, the terminal periodically determines the coarse Position including the latitude and longitude of the Rail vehicle and sends this position data via SMS to the central unit. The central unit determines from the measured coarse position, which has an accuracy of approximately 15 meters, and the saved previous positions of the rail vehicle, the corresponding track number and Distance kilometers, by using the previous coarse positions, the speed and direction of travel of the rail vehicle a reference point from the first database is determined which is closest to the measuring point G.

Gemäß Fig. 1 wird von diesem Referenzpunkt aus in beide Richtungen jene Verbindungsstrecke zweier benachbarter Referenzpunkte R1, R2 gesucht, bei der der gemessene Punkt G innerhalb der beiden normal auf die Verbindungsstrecke stehenden und durch beide Referenzpunkte gehenden Geraden g1 und g2 liegt. Diese Minimum-Bedingung ist bei konstanten Abständen der Referenzpunkte genau dann erfüllt, wenn die Summe der Abstände P1 und P2 kleiner als die Summe der Abstände P1' und P2' bzw. P1" und P2" der benachbarten Verbindungsstrecken ist. Da der Abstand P2' ident mit P1, der Abstand P2" ident mit P1' sowie der Abstand P1" ident mit P2 ist, wird die Minimum-Bedingung erfüllt, falls der Abstand P1' größer als der Abstand P2 und der Abstand P2" größer als der Abstand P1 ist.According to Fig. 1, from this reference point in both Directions that link of two adjacent reference points R1, R2 searched where the measured point G within the two normal standing on the link and through both reference points going straight lines g1 and g2 lies. This minimum condition is at constant distances the reference points are met exactly when the sum of the distances P1 and P2 are smaller than the sum of the distances P1 'and P2 'or P1 "and P2" of the adjacent links. Since the distance P2 'is identical to P1, the distance P2 "is identical to P1' and the distance P1 "is identical to P2 becomes the minimum condition satisfied if the distance P1 'greater than the distance P2 and the distance P2 "is greater than the distance P1.

Nachdem die richtige Verbindungsstrecke errechnet wurde, wird der Abstand des Messpunktes G zur Verbindungsstrecke berechnet. Dies ist gemäß Fig. 1 die Höhe N des Dreieckes mit den Eckpunkten R1, R2 und dem Messpunkt (G). Dieses Verfahren ermöglicht auf Strecken ohne Verzweigungen mit geringem Rechenaufwand eine eindeutige Positionsbestimmung, wobei mittels der zweiten Datenbank der zuständige Fahrdienstleiter ermittelt und an die Schnittstelle zur GSM-R Funkvermittlung zur Verfügung gestellt wird.After the correct link has been calculated, the distance of the measuring point G to the connecting distance is calculated. This is shown in FIG. 1, the height N of the triangle with the corner points R1, R2 and the measuring point (G). This method enables on routes without branches with little computational effort a unique position determination, by means of the second database of the responsible dispatcher determined and to the interface to GSM-R radio switching to Is made available.

Für den Fall, daß im Laufe der iterativen Suche nach dem Minimum der Summen der Abstände P1 und P2 ein Referenzpunkt erreicht wird, bei dem Strecken abzweigen, werden für jede dieser abzweigenden Strecken jene Referenzpunkte gesucht, welche die Minimum-Bedingung erfüllen, und der Normalabstand des gemessenen Punktes zu der ermittelten Verbindungsstrecke berechnet. Nachdem dieses Verfahren für alle Verzweigungen und gegebenenfalls rekursiv für Verzweigungen auf bereits verzweigten Strecken durchgeführt wurde, wird jene Strecke mit dem geringsten Abstand gewählt und der für diese Strecke ermittelte Referenzpunkt als Position angenommen.In the event that during the iterative search for the Minimum of the sums of the distances P1 and P2 a reference point will be achieved, branch off at the routes will be for each these branching routes sought those reference points, which satisfy the minimum condition, and the normal distance of the measured point calculated to the determined link. After this procedure for all branches and possibly recursively for branches on already branched Tracks is carried out, that route is with chosen the shortest distance and determined for this route Reference point adopted as position.

Ist der Abstand der ermittelten Position zur Verbindungsstrecke unter Berücksichtigung weiterer Störfaktoren wie z.B. der Gleiskrümmung in einer Kurve statistisch signifikant größer als der maximal zu erwartende Fehler der Grobmessung, wird die Berechnung iterativ mit dem Referenzpunkt der Strecke mit dem zweitkleinsten Normalabstand des Meßpunktes als Startwert ausgeführt.Is the distance of the determined position to the connecting distance taking into account further interfering factors, e.g. the track curvature in a curve statistically significantly larger than the maximum expected error of the coarse measurement is the calculation iteratively with the reference point of the route with the second smallest normal distance of the measuring point as start value executed.

Sollte das auch nicht zum Ziel führen, wird zur gemessenen Grobposition der näheste Referenzpunkt des gesamten Streckennetzes in der ersten Datenbank gesucht.If that does not lead to the goal, the measured Rough position the closest reference point of the entire route network searched in the first database.

Wenn mehrere Strecken Abstandwerte aufweisen, die kleiner als der zu erwartende Fehler der Grobmessung sind, befindet sich das Schienenfahrzeug im Bereich eines Knotens, und es kommen weitere Verfahrensschritte zur Anwendung.If more distances have distance values, the smaller than the expected error of the coarse measurement is located the rail vehicle in the area of a node, and it Additional process steps are used.

Dabei wird von dem Umstand Gebrauch gemacht, daß Züge meistens nach wiederkehrenden Bewegungsmustern verkehren und periodisch auf den selben Strecken fahren. In der ersten Datenbank des Servers der Zentraleinheit wird ein Fahrplan gespeichert, wobei jedem Wertepaar bestehend aus der Zugnummer des Schienenfahrzeuges und der Uhrzeit die Werte für Strecke und Streckenkilometer zugeordnet sind. Die oben beschriebene Streckenauswahl wird für die Strecken, die aus der Grobmessung in Frage kommen mit dem Fahrplan verglichen, so daß jene Strecke ausgegeben wird, die dem Fahrplan entspricht.It is made use of the fact that trains mostly operate according to recurring movement patterns and periodically drive on the same routes. In the first database the server of the central unit stores a schedule, each value pair consisting of the train number of the Rail vehicle and the time the values for distance and Track kilometer are assigned. The route selection described above is used for the distances that come from the gross measurement in Question come compared with the timetable, so that that route which corresponds to the timetable.

In einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform wird die Häufigkeit, mit der ein Zug auf einer Strecke verkehrt, in der ersten Datenbank des Servers der Zentraleinheit gepflegt, indem für jedes Wertepaar bestehend aus Zugnummer des Schienenfahrzeuges und Streckennummer ein Häufigkeitsparameter periodisch aktualisiert wird. Dieser Häufigkeitsparameter kann für die Streckenauswahl herangezogen werden, insbesondere wenn kein Fahrplan existiert, wobei Strecken bevorzugt werden, auf denen das Schienenfahrzeug am häufigsten fährt.In a further preferred embodiment, the Frequency with which a train operates on a route in which first database of the server of the central unit maintained by for each value pair consisting of train number of the rail vehicle and route number a frequency parameter periodically is updated. This frequency parameter can be used for the route selection will be used, especially if no timetable exists, with routes being preferred which the rail vehicle drives most often.

Ein Vorteil des Verfahrens ist die automatische und eindeutige Vermittlung des zuständigen Fahrdienstleiters, ohne das teure und langwierige Bauarbeiten an der Strecke notwendig sind. Ein weiterer Vorteil des Verfahrens ist, daß bei Ausfall des GPS-Signals in Tunnels oder Bahnhöfen die Position des Schienenfahrzeuges mittels Fahrplan- und Häufigkeitskorrelation bestimmt werden kann. Zudem kann das Satelliten-Ortungssystem GPS durch das europäische Ortungssystem Galileo durch Aufrüsten der Endgeräte ersetzt werden.An advantage of the method is the automatic and unique Mediation of the responsible dispatcher, without the expensive and lengthy construction work on the track necessary are. Another advantage of the method is that in case of failure the GPS signal in tunnels or stations the position of the Rail vehicle by means of timetable and frequency correlation can be determined. In addition, the satellite positioning system GPS through the European positioning system Galileo Upgrading the terminals to be replaced.

Es versteht sich, daß die beschriebenen Ausführungsformen des Verfahrens im Rahmen des allgemeinen Erfindungsgedankens verschiedentlich abgewandelt werden können.It is understood that the described embodiments of the method within the scope of the general inventive idea variously can be modified.

Claims (10)

Verfahren zur Ortung von Schienenfahrzeugen und ortsabhängigen Rufzuschaltung derselben an einen ortsfesten Funknetzteilnehmer unter Anwendung einer mit einem Server ausgestatteten Zentraleinheit, einer Vermittlungsstelle und mehreren, in den Schienenfahrzeugen angeordneten Endgeräten zum Rufaufbau und zur Übermittlung der Positionsdaten derselben, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine Zentraleinheit mit einer ersten und einer zweiten Datenbank, einer Sende-/Empfangseinheit für Kurznachrichten und einer Schnittstelle zur Funkvermittlung verwendet wird, und das Endgerät mit einer Positionsbestimmungseinrichtung zur periodischen Ermittlung der groben Positionsdaten des Schienenfahrzeuges und zu deren Übermittlung sowie mit einer Sende-/Empfangseinheit für Kurznachrichten ausgestattet wird, wobei in der Zentraleinheit aus den empfangenen und in der ersten Datenbank gespeicherten groben Positionsdaten des Schienenfahrzeuges die genaue Position des Schienenfahrzeuges mittels eines Korrelationsverfahrens berechnet und eine Anweisung an die Schnittstelle zur Funkvermittlung zur Verfügung gestellt wird.A method for locating rail vehicles and location-dependent call activation thereof to a stationary radio network subscriber using a server-equipped central unit, an exchange and a plurality arranged in the rail vehicles terminals for call setup and for transmitting the position data thereof, characterized in that a central processing unit with a first and a second database, a transceiver unit for short messages and an interface for radio switching is used, and the terminal is equipped with a position determination device for periodically determining the coarse position data of the rail vehicle and for its transmission and with a transceiver unit for short messages, wherein in the central unit from the received and stored in the first database coarse position data of the rail vehicle, the exact position of the rail vehicle by means of a correl calculation method and an instruction is provided to the interface for radio switching. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Kurznachrichten mittels SMS oder GPRS und die Funkvermittlung mittels GSM-R gebildet werden.Method according to Claim 1, characterized in that the short messages are formed by means of SMS or GPRS and the radio exchange by means of GSM-R. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 und 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß bei dem Korrelationsverfahren bei Strecken ohne Verzweigungen aufgrund der Geschwindigkeit und der Fahrtrichtung des Schienenfahrzeuges von einem dem Meßpunkt am nächsten und auf der Fahrstrecke liegenden Referenzpunkt und dessen beidseitigen äquidistanten Nachbarpunkten ausgegangen wird, und jene Verbindungsstrecke zweier benachbarter Referenzpunkte bestimmt wird, bei welcher der Meßpunkt innerhalb der beiden normal auf die Verbindungsstrecke stehenden und durch beide Referenzpunkte gehenden Geraden liegt, indem aus der Addition des Abstandes des Meßpunktes von dem Referenzpunkt und des Abstandes des Meßpunktes von dem einen Nachbarpunkt des Referenzpunktes eine Summe gebildet wird, die mit der Summe des Abstandes des Meßpunktes von dem Referenzpunkt und des Abstandes des Referenzpunktes von dem anderen Nachbarpunkt des Referenzpunktes verglichen wird, wobei die kleinere Summe als Minimumbedingung die Verbindungsstrecke definiert, und der Abstand des Meßpunktes von der ermittelten Verbindungsstrecke durch den Normalabstand des durch den Meßpunkt und den Referenzpunkten der Verbindungsstrecke gebildeten Dreiecks errechnet wird.Method according to Claims 1 and 2, characterized in that, in the case of routes without branches, due to the speed and the direction of travel of the rail vehicle, the correlation method is based on a reference point closest to the measuring point and on the driving route and its two-sided equidistant neighboring points, and that connecting distance of two adjacent reference points is determined, in which the measuring point within the two normally on the link and passing through both reference points line is formed by adding a sum of the addition of the distance of the measuring point of the reference point and the distance of the measuring point of the one neighboring point of the reference point is compared with the sum of the distance of the measuring point from the reference point and the distance of the reference point from the other neighboring point of the reference point, wherein the smaller sum as the minimum condition, the Verbindungsstre defined, and the distance of the measuring point of the determined link is calculated by the normal distance of the triangle formed by the measuring point and the reference points of the link. Verfahren nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß bei Strecken mit Verzweigungen für jede dieser abzweigenden Strecken jene Referenzpunkte mit den dazugehörigen Normalabständen gesucht werden, welche die Minimum-Bedingung erfüllen, wobei jene Strecke mit dem geringsten Normalabstand gewählt und der für diese Strecke ermittelte Referenzpunkt als Position angenommen wird, und daß bei einem Normalabstand der ermittelten Position, der statistisch signifikant größer als der maximal zu erwartende Fehler der Grobmessung ist, die Berechnung iterativ mit dem Referenzpunkt der Strecke mit dem zweitkleinsten Normalabstand des Meßpunktes als Startwert ausgeführt wird.Method according to Claim 3, characterized in that, in the case of routes with branches, for each of these branching routes those reference points with the associated normal distances are met which satisfy the minimum condition, wherein the route with the least normal distance is selected and the reference point determined for this route is Position is assumed, and that at a normal distance of the determined position, which is statistically significantly greater than the maximum expected error of the coarse measurement, the calculation is iteratively performed with the reference point of the route with the second smallest normal distance of the measuring point as the starting value. Verfahren nach den Ansprüchen 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß bei mehreren Strecken, die Normalabstände aufweisen, welche kleiner als der zu erwartende Fehler der Grobmessung sind, sich das Schienenfahrzeug im Bereich eines Knotens befindet, wobei die Strecke mit dem in der ersten Datenbank gespeicherten Fahrplan ermittelt wird.Method according to claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, in the case of a plurality of lines which have normal distances which are smaller than the expected error of the coarse measurement, the rail vehicle is in the region of a node, the line being stored with the one stored in the first database Timetable is determined. Verfahren nach den Ansprüchen 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß bei Fehlen eines Fahrplanes die Strecke mittels eines Häufigkeitsparameters bestimmt wird.Method according to claims 1 to 5, characterized in that in the absence of a timetable the distance is determined by means of a frequency parameter. Verfahren nach den Ansprüchen 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in der ersten Datenbank der Wert des Häufigkeitsparameters in Abhängigkeit der Frequenz des Wertepaares Schienenfahrzeug und Strecke innerhalb einer Periode bestimmt wird.Method according to claims 1 to 6, characterized in that in the first database the value of the frequency parameter is determined as a function of the frequency of the pair of values rail vehicle and distance within a period. Verfahren nach den Ansprüchen 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in der ersten Datenbank die Zuordnung der geographischen Längen- und Breitengrade von Referenzpunkten auf den Gleisen und den dazugehörenden Werten für Streckennummer und Streckenkilometer gespeichert wird.Method according to claims 1 to 7, characterized in that in the first database the assignment of the latitude and longitude of reference points on the tracks and the associated values for the route number and the route kilometer is stored. Verfahren nach den Ansprüchen 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in der ersten Datenbank für jedes Wertepaar bestehend aus Schienenfahrzeugnummer und Uhrzeit die geplanten Werte für Strecke und Streckenkilometer gespeichert werden.Method according to claims 1 to 8, characterized in that in the first database for each pair of values consisting of rail vehicle number and time, the planned values for distance and distance kilometer are stored. Verfahren nach den Ansprüchen 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in der zweiten Datenbank die Zuordnung einer Strecke zum zuständigen Dienstleiter gespeichert wird.Method according to claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the assignment of a route to the responsible service provider is stored in the second database.
EP03027706A 2003-12-02 2003-12-02 Method for addressing rail vehicles according to their position Expired - Lifetime EP1538060B1 (en)

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AT03027706T ATE319602T1 (en) 2003-12-02 2003-12-02 METHOD FOR LOCATION-DEPENDENT ADDRESSING RAIL VEHICLES
DE50302588T DE50302588D1 (en) 2003-12-02 2003-12-02 Method for location-dependent addressing of rail vehicles
EP03027706A EP1538060B1 (en) 2003-12-02 2003-12-02 Method for addressing rail vehicles according to their position

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EP2631152A1 (en) * 2012-02-24 2013-08-28 Schweizerische Bundesbahnen SBB Method and device for managing resources in a railway network

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DE19722907A1 (en) * 1997-05-29 1998-12-03 Siemens Ag Trackbound vehicle location method in traffic network using satellites
US5893043A (en) * 1995-08-30 1999-04-06 Daimler-Benz Ag Process and arrangement for determining the position of at least one point of a track-guided vehicle
DE19816435C1 (en) * 1998-04-15 1999-06-17 Deutsche Bahn Ag Satellite locating apparatus

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EP0748727A1 (en) * 1995-06-15 1996-12-18 Seguridad Mapfre, Segurmap, S.A. Safety system for vehicles
US5893043A (en) * 1995-08-30 1999-04-06 Daimler-Benz Ag Process and arrangement for determining the position of at least one point of a track-guided vehicle
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