EP1530816B9 - Dispositif de calibrage pour un reseau d'antennes commutable et procede pour faire fonctionner ce dispositif - Google Patents

Dispositif de calibrage pour un reseau d'antennes commutable et procede pour faire fonctionner ce dispositif Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1530816B9
EP1530816B9 EP03740191A EP03740191A EP1530816B9 EP 1530816 B9 EP1530816 B9 EP 1530816B9 EP 03740191 A EP03740191 A EP 03740191A EP 03740191 A EP03740191 A EP 03740191A EP 1530816 B9 EP1530816 B9 EP 1530816B9
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
antenna array
calibration apparatus
columns
inputs
antenna
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Expired - Lifetime
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EP03740191A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP1530816B1 (fr
EP1530816A1 (fr
Inventor
Jörg LANGENBERG
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Kathrein SE
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Kathrein Werke KG
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
    • H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
    • H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
    • H01Q3/30—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array
    • H01Q3/34—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array by electrical means
    • H01Q3/40—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array by electrical means with phasing matrix
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
    • H01Q3/22—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the orientation in accordance with variation of frequency of radiated wave
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
    • H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
    • H01Q3/267—Phased-array testing or checking devices

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a calibration device for an antenna array according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a generic antenna array usually comprises a plurality of primary radiators, but at least two juxtaposed and superimposed emitters, so that there is a two-dimensional array arrangement.
  • These antenna arrays which are also known by the term “smart antennas", are also used, for example, in the military sector for tracking targets (radar). Recently, however, these antennas are also being used in mobile communications, in particular in the frequency ranges 800 MHz to 1000 MHz and 1700 MHz to 2200 MHz.
  • Such antenna arrays can be used to determine the direction of the incoming signal. At the same time, however, by appropriate tuning of the phase position of the fed into the individual columns transmission signals and the emission direction can be changed, i. There is a selective beam shaping.
  • This alignment of the antenna in different horizontal directions for example, by means of a beam-forming network (beam-forming network).
  • a beam-forming network may for example consist of a so-called Butler matrix having, for example, four inputs and four outputs. Depending on the input connected, the network generates a different but fixed phase relationship between the emitters in the individual dipole rows.
  • Such an antenna structure with a Butler matrix is for example from US-A-6,351,243 known.
  • the antenna array known from the aforementioned US patent has, for example, four vertically extending and horizontally adjacent columns, in each of which four radiators or radiating devices are accommodated one above the other.
  • the four inputs for each arranged in a column radiators (hereinafter sometimes also called column inputs) are connected to the four outputs of an upstream Butler matrix.
  • the Butler matrix has four inputs.
  • This upstream beam forming network in the form of the Butler matrix generated in a conventional manner, depending on the connected input, that is, depending on which of the four inputs the connection cable is connected, another but fixed phase relationship between the radiators in the four columns. As a result, four different orientations of the main beam direction and thus the main lobe are determined.
  • the main beam direction can be set in a horizontal plane in a different angular position.
  • the antenna array may also be provided with a down-tilt device, in addition to change the Absenkwinkel the main beam direction and thus the main lobe.
  • From the EP-A-0 877 444 is to take a generic type calibration device for an antenna array as known, wherein the emitters are assigned inputs, which is preceded by a beam forming network.
  • the outputs of the beamforming network are each associated with one Connected to the input of the antenna array, via which the radiators provided in a column are fed.
  • the calibration device further comprises probes which are arranged in the wake of the emitters, as well as an adjustment device which is associated with the outputs of the beam forming network and by means of which the phase position for the incoming radiation limit can be adjusted and adjusted feedable signals.
  • the object of the invention is also to provide a corresponding operating method for operating a corresponding antenna array.
  • This is preferably realized by arranging the phases in front of the inputs of the beam-forming network, at least with respect to the radiators arranged in some columns of the antenna array. in the form of the Butler matrix, can be moved so that the fed emitters are driven in accordance with simultaneous wiring of multiple inputs to achieve a desired pivoting of the lobe.
  • phase positions of all radiators are preferably shifted simultaneously accordingly.
  • the calibration of the phase position can be performed by phase actuators, which are connected upstream of the corresponding inputs of the Butler matrix.
  • this can also be done by using upstream additional lines to the Butler matrix, which must be selected in a suitable length in order to realize the desired phase balance.
  • phase position of the transmission from the input of the individual columns or the antenna inputs is preferably the same size, in practice the phase position (or the group delay) for the ideal phase position has more or less pronounced tolerance-related deviations.
  • the ideal phase position is given by the fact that the phase is identical for all paths, and also with respect to the beam shaping.
  • the more or less tolerance-related deviations result additively as an offset or frequency dependent by different frequency responses.
  • the deviations are measured over all transmission paths preferably on the path from the input antenna array or beam forming network to the probe output or input to probe outputs and preferably over the entire operating frequency range (for example during the production of the antenna).
  • the transmission paths are preferably measured on the route from the input antenna array or beam forming network to coupling output or coupling outputs.
  • This determined data can then be stored in a data record.
  • These data which are stored in a suitable form, for example in a data record, can then be made available to a transmitting device or to the base station in order then to be taken into account for the electronic generation of the phase position of the individual signals. It proves to be particularly advantageous, for example, to associate this data or the mentioned data record with the corresponding data of a serial number of the antenna.
  • FIG. 1 shows, in a schematic plan view, an antenna array 1 which, for example, comprises a large number of dual-polarized radiators or radiator elements 3, which are arranged in front of a reflector 5.
  • a reflector belonging to the edge boundary 5 ' which is set up at right angles to the plane of the reflector sheet.
  • these reflector edge boundaries 5 ' are positioned slightly obliquely outwards in the emission direction.
  • the antenna array has four columns 7, which are arranged vertically, with four radiators or radiator groups 3 being arranged one above the other in each column in the exemplary embodiment shown.
  • radiators or radiator groups 3 are positioned one above the other in the vertical direction.
  • the individual radiators or radiator groups 3 need not necessarily be arranged in the same height in the individual columns.
  • the radiators or radiator groups 3 it is possible, for example, for the radiators or radiator groups 3 to be two in each case adjacent columns 7 offset by half the vertical distance between two adjacent radiators to each other. Deviating from this, in the schematic plan view in FIG. 1, a representation is reproduced in which the radiators or radiator groups 3 in adjacent columns each come to rest on the same contour line.
  • the radiators 3 can consist, for example, of cross-shaped dipole radiators or dipole squares.
  • Particularly suitable dual polarized Dipolstrahler 3 ', as for example from the WO 00/39894 are known. Reference is made in its entirety to the disclosure content of this prior publication and made part of the content of this application.
  • a beam forming network 17 which has, for example, four inputs 19 and four outputs 21.
  • the four outputs of the beamforming network 17 are connected to the four inputs 15 of the antenna array.
  • the number of outputs N may differ from the number of inputs n, ie in particular, the number of outputs N may be greater than the number of inputs n.
  • a feed cable 23 is connected to one of the inputs 19, about all outputs 21 are fed accordingly.
  • a horizontal emitter orientation 16.1 be effected with, for example, -45 ° to the left, as can be seen from the schematic diagram of Figure 3. If, for example, the supply cable 23 is connected at the most right connection 19.4, then a corresponding Alignment 16.4 causes the main lobe 16 of the radiation field of the antenna array in an angle of + 45 ° to the right.
  • the antenna array when the feeder cable 23 is connected to the terminal 19.2 or to the terminal 19.3, the antenna array is operated so that, for example, a pivoting 16.2, 16.3 causes by 15 ° to the left or to the right with respect to the vertical plane of symmetry of the antenna array can be, so in different azimuth direction.
  • a beam forming network 17 it is common in such a beam forming network 17 to provide a corresponding number of inputs for different azimuth angular orientations of the main lobe 16 of the antenna array, wherein the number of outputs usually corresponds to the number of columns of the antenna array.
  • Each input is connected to a plurality of outputs, usually each input to all outputs of the beam forming network 17.
  • the beam-forming network 17 may, for example, be a known Butler matrix 17 'whose four inputs 19.1, 19.2, 19.3 and 19.4 are each connected to all outputs 21.1, 21.2, 21.3 and 21.4, via which the radiators are connected via lines 35 3 are fed.
  • the feed cable 23 via a branching or summing 26 not only with an input, but at least two inputs or more of the inputs 19.1 to 19.4 to connect.
  • a calibration of the Butler matrix and the connected antenna array must first be performed.
  • This first requires the phase characteristic at the outputs 21.1 to 21.4 of the beam-forming network 17, preferably in the form of the Butler matrix 17 ', to be metered in response to feed of the feed signal once via the inputs 19.1, 19.2, 19.3 and 19.4 of the Butler matrix 17 '.
  • the beam-forming network 17 Depending on the connected input 19.1 to 19.4, the beam-forming network 17 generates different radiation patterns in the form of the Butler matrix 17 'because of the different phase assignments of the dipoles or dipole rows, ie the radiators 3, 3'.
  • the radiators 3, 3' For example, in the vertical arrangement of radiators 3, 3 'in the four columns 7 four different horizontal diagrams generated. The phase relationships of the radiators in the individual columns gives the diagram according to FIG. 4.
  • a phase jump of, for example, 180 ° between the primary radiators 3, 3' of the different polarizations can occur.
  • the measured curves (straight lines) reproduced in FIG. 4 must be changed in their position according to the arrow illustration 28 so that the two upper ones Traces in the form of straight lines 30 and 32 with the two in Figure 4 deeper and steeper extending traces 34 and 36 intersect at a common intersection X, as shown in Figure 5.
  • phase actuators 37th take place, which are the inputs 19.1 to 19.4 of the Butler matrix 17 'upstream, so that inputs A to D result for the overall circuit.
  • phase actuators 37 shown in FIG. 1 corresponding additional cable lengths can be connected in series at the individual inputs 19. 1 to 19. 4, whose length is dimensioned such that the desired phase shift is effected.
  • intermediate lobes 116 can now be generated, as shown for example in the case of the diagram according to FIG. 6, in that the inputs 19.1 and 19.2 or 19.2 and 19.3 or 19.3 and 19.4 are connected together. Preferably, all inputs are supplied with the same power.
  • FIG. 7 now shows the device for phase alignment of the supply lines, that is to say for carrying out a phase calibration.
  • the phase actuators of the Butler matrix 17 'of the mentioned phase adjustment for the intermediate lobes 116 is performed so that they by combining the inputs A and B, B and C or C and D makes sense and without further action can be used on the antenna feeders.
  • a suitable calibration signal i. given a known signal and measured at the output S of the combination network (Comb) the absolute phase. Now you can do this also for the supply lines to the inputs B, C and D.
  • the couplers 111 are preferably connected between the respective output 21 and the respective input 15 of the associated column 7 of the antenna array.
  • the couplers must be connected between the network accommodated in the Butler matrix 17 'and at least one emitter 3, 3' in an associated column 7 of the antenna array.
  • FIG. 8 it is shown how to use an antenna with two polarizations, e.g. + 45 ° and -45 ° can combine the network for phase alignment of the supply lines.
  • Such a combination makes sense if e.g. the Butler matrix can be realized together with the couplers and combination networks on a board, as this largely identical units (each coupler and combination networks) can be produced.
  • the extension from the representation according to FIG. 7 is effected by combining the two outputs of the respective combination network 27 and 27 ', for example in the form of a combiner (Comb), with the inputs of a downstream second combination network 27 "likewise in the form of a combiner (Comb) and to the common output S.
  • the combination network 27 thus serves to determine the phase position on a radiator element with respect to the one polarization, wherein the combination network 27 'is used to determine the phase position at a respective radiator for the other polarization.
  • phase actuators may consist of basically vorschaltbaren cable sections to change the phase position.
  • a coupler 111 for example in the form of a directional coupler on all four lines 35 in order to obtain even more measuring points to achieve the reproduced in the diagrams of Figures 4 and 5 straight lines.
  • probes 11 can be used, which are designed, for example, pin-shaped and preferably rise at right angles from the plane of the reflector sheet 5 and are assigned to a particular radiator 3.
  • the probes 11 may preferably consist of capacitive coupling pins. But they can also be formed from inductively operating coupling loops. In both cases, the probes 11 protrude from the reflector into the near field of the radiator.
  • the mentioned probes 11 can also be used for dual-polarized radiators 3 'since both polarizations can be measured via this. In FIG. 1, for example, for the left-hand column and the right-hand column, in each case the lowermost radiator 3, 3 'is associated with such a probe 11 and 11b shown in plan view.
  • This probe is then used in place of the directional couplers 11 shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 to detect the signal measured thereon in a combination network 27 or in a combination network dual polarized antenna in a combination network 27 'and 27 "is shown in Figure 9.
  • a combination network 27 is shown which operates with two probes 11, ie 11a and 11b.
  • the combination networks are suitable for single polarized antennas. In principle, they are also suitable for a dual-polarized antenna array.
  • probes 11 is suitable here, since a single probe suffices to be assigned to a dual-polarized emitter arrangement 3, 3 ', since the desired partial signals in both polarizations can ultimately be received via this one probe.
  • a coupling device a coupling device would then have to be used for each polarization, that is, in the case of the dual-polarized antenna array, instead of a probe, a pair of coupling device would then become necessary.

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Claims (16)

  1. Dispositif de calibrage pour un réseau d'antennes, qui comprend au moins un réseau d'antennes (1) pourvu d'au moins deux colonnes verticales (7) comprenant chacune plusieurs éléments rayonneurs (3, 3') agencés les uns au-dessus des autres, des entrées (15) étant associées aux plusieurs colonnes (7) dans lesquelles sont agencés lesdits plusieurs éléments rayonneurs respectifs (3, 3'), entrées en amont desquelles est prévu un réseau de formation de rayon (17) dont les sorties (21) sont connectées chacune à une entrée associée (15) du réseau d'antennes, via laquelle sont alimentés les éléments rayonneurs (3, 3') prévus dans une colonne (7), le réseau de formation de rayon (17) génère, en fonction de l'entrée branchée (19.1 à 19.4), une autre relation de phase entre les éléments rayonneurs (3, 3') agencés dans les colonnes individuelles (7), afin d'obtenir différentes directions de rayonnement en direction azimutale, et au moins deux entrées (19.1, 19.2, 19.3, 19.4) sont alimentées via un câble d'alimentation commun (23) ou via des câbles d'alimentation séparés (23),
    caractérisé par les autres éléments suivants :
    - le dispositif de calibrage comprend en outre au moins une sonde (11) qui est agencée dans le champ proche des éléments rayonneurs (3, 3') et/ou au moins un dispositif de couplage (111) qui est agencé en aval du réseau de formation de rayon (17),
    - le dispositif de calibrage comprend uniquement pour une partie des colonnes (7) au moins une sonde (11) ou au moins un dispositif de couplage (111) ou au moins une paire de dispositifs de couplage (111),
    - le dispositif de calibrage comprend en outre un dispositif d'étalonnage qui est agencé en amont des entrées (19) du réseau de formation de rayon (17 ; 17'), au moyen duquel le phasage des signaux amenés aux entrées (19) du réseau de formation de rayon (17 ; 17') est présélectionné en fonction des signaux de sortie de ladite au moins une sonde (11) ou dudit au moins un dispositif de couplage (111), et
    - au moyen du dispositif d'étalonnage ainsi formé, le phasage aux entrées du réseau de formation de rayon (17 ; 17') est présélectionnable ou modifiable de telle sorte qu'au moyen du réseau d'antennes (1), on peut générer, outre deux lobes intermédiaires situés au milieu entre deux lobes principaux, au choix également des lobes orientés dans différentes directions de rayonnement azimutales.
  2. Dispositif de calibrage pour un réseau d'antennes commutable selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif d'étalonnage appartenant au dispositif de calibrage comprend des organes de réglage de phase (37) qui sont branchés en amont du réseau de formation de rayon (17 ; 17').
  3. Dispositif de calibrage pour un réseau d'antennes commutable selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que des lignes supplémentaires sont agencées en amont des entrées sélectionnées individuellement (19.1, 19.2, 19.3, 19.4) à une longueur prédéterminée en avant du réseau de formation de rayon (17) ou sont branchées à ces entrées (19.1, 19.2, 19.3, 19.4).
  4. Dispositif de calibrage pour un réseau d'antennes commutable selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que les sondes (11) et/ou le dispositif de couplage (111) sont branchés à un réseau de calibrage (27, 27', 27").
  5. Dispositif de calibrage pour un réseau d'antennes commutable selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins une colonne (7) comprend une sonde (11) et de préférence au moins deux colonnes (7) comprennent chacune au moins une sonde (11) qui est ou sont associée(s) chacune à un élément rayonneur (3, 3'), via lesquelles un signal partiel (signaux de champ proche) est amené au réseau de calibrage (27, 27', 27") pendant la phase de calibrage, ce qui fixe l'étalonnage de phase.
  6. Dispositif de calibrage pour un réseau d'antennes commutable selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins un dispositif de couplage (111) est associé à au moins un élément rayonneur (3, 3') d'une colonne (7) ou au moins un dispositif de couplage respectif (111) est associé à au moins un élément rayonneur respectif (3, 3') de deux colonnes (7), via lequel un signal partiel (un signal découplé) est amené au réseau de calibrage (27, 27', 27") pendant la phase de calibrage, ce qui fixe l'étalonnage de phase.
  7. Dispositif de calibrage pour un réseau d'antennes commutable selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de couplage (111) est agencé de préférence entre la sortie respective (21) du réseau de formation de rayon (17, 17') et l'entrée associée (15) du réseau d'antennes (1).
  8. Dispositif de calibrage pour un réseau d'antennes commutable selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que la sonde (11) ou les sondes (11) sont constituées par des sondes capacitives ou par une sonde (11) à fonctionnement inductif sous la forme d'une petite boucle d'induction.
  9. Dispositif de calibrage pour un réseau d'antennes commutable selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que dans le cas d'un réseau d'antennes à polarisation double, au moins une colonne (7), de préférence au moins deux colonnes (7) sont pourvues chacune d'une paire de dispositifs de couplage (111), à savoir d'un dispositif de couplage respectif (111) pour une polarisation.
  10. Dispositif de calibrage selon l'une des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisé en ce que dans un réseau d'antennes à polarisation double, ladite une ou les plusieurs sondes prévues (11) conviennent chacune à recevoir un signal pour les deux polarisations.
  11. Dispositif de calibrage selon l'une des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisé en ce que pour chaque colonne (7), il est prévu une sonde (11) ou un dispositif de couplage (111) ou une paire de dispositifs de couplage (111) uniquement pour un élément rayonneur (3, 3').
  12. Dispositif de calibrage selon l'une des revendications 1 à 11, caractérisé en ce que par rapport aux éléments rayonneurs (3, 3') associés à ladite au moins une sonde (11) ou aux plusieurs sondes (11), celles-ci se trouvent sur un plan de symétrie vertical traversant les éléments rayonneurs (3, 3').
  13. Dispositif de calibrage selon l'une des revendications 1 à 12, caractérisé en ce que dans un réseau d'antennes comprenant quatre colonnes (7), il est prévu au moins deux sondes (11) qui sont agencées dans le champ proche d'un élément rayonneur respectif (3, 3') qui est agencé dans les deux colonnes extérieures (7) ou dans les deux colonnes intérieures (7) du réseau d'antennes.
  14. Dispositif de calibrage selon l'une des revendications 1 à 13, caractérisé en ce que dans un réseau d'antennes comprenant quatre colonnes (7), il est prévu au moins deux dispositifs de couplage (111) ou deux paires de dispositifs de couplage (111), ou encore deux paires de dispositifs de couplage (111) associés chacun à un élément rayonneur (3, 3'), qui sont agencés dans les deux colonnes extérieures ou dans les deux colonnes intérieures (7) du réseau d'antennes.
  15. Dispositif de calibrage selon l'une des revendications 1 à 14, caractérisé en ce que les sondes (11) sont agencées à la même ligne en hauteur.
  16. Dispositif de calibrage selon l'une des revendications 1 à 15, caractérisé en ce qu'il est prévu une sonde respective (11 ; 11c, 11d) pour deux colonnes voisines (7) d'un réseau d'antennes, sondes qui présentent de préférence le même amortissement de couplage.
EP03740191A 2002-08-19 2003-06-05 Dispositif de calibrage pour un reseau d'antennes commutable et procede pour faire fonctionner ce dispositif Expired - Lifetime EP1530816B9 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10237822 2002-08-19
DE10237822A DE10237822B3 (de) 2002-08-19 2002-08-19 Kalibriereinrichtung für ein umschaltbares Antennen-Array sowie ein zugehöriges Betriebsverfahren
PCT/EP2003/005932 WO2004023601A1 (fr) 2002-08-19 2003-06-05 Dispositif de calibrage pour un reseau d'antennes commutable et procede pour faire fonctionner ce dispositif

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1530816A1 EP1530816A1 (fr) 2005-05-18
EP1530816B1 EP1530816B1 (fr) 2006-06-07
EP1530816B9 true EP1530816B9 (fr) 2007-10-03

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US (1) US7132979B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1530816B9 (fr)
KR (1) KR100893656B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN2800506Y (fr)
AT (1) ATE329381T1 (fr)
AU (1) AU2003297841A1 (fr)
DE (2) DE10237822B3 (fr)
ES (1) ES2263987T3 (fr)
WO (1) WO2004023601A1 (fr)

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CN101076923B (zh) * 2004-12-13 2013-12-25 艾利森电话股份有限公司 天线装置及其相关方法
EP1878206A4 (fr) * 2005-04-25 2012-12-19 Xocyst Transfer Ag L L C Systemes et procedes de formation de faisceau
US7215298B1 (en) * 2005-09-06 2007-05-08 Lockheed Martin Corporation Extendable/retractable antenna calibration element
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AU2003297841A1 (en) 2004-03-29
EP1530816B1 (fr) 2006-06-07
DE50303722D1 (de) 2006-07-20
US7132979B2 (en) 2006-11-07
EP1530816A1 (fr) 2005-05-18
ATE329381T1 (de) 2006-06-15
WO2004023601A1 (fr) 2004-03-18
US20040032366A1 (en) 2004-02-19
DE10237822B3 (de) 2004-07-22
KR20050033065A (ko) 2005-04-08
CN2800506Y (zh) 2006-07-26
KR100893656B1 (ko) 2009-04-17
ES2263987T3 (es) 2006-12-16

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