EP0227005A2 - Dispositif d'émission à deux émetteurs haute fréquence émettant des fréquences différentes avec des diagrammes de rayonnement différents - Google Patents

Dispositif d'émission à deux émetteurs haute fréquence émettant des fréquences différentes avec des diagrammes de rayonnement différents Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0227005A2
EP0227005A2 EP86117473A EP86117473A EP0227005A2 EP 0227005 A2 EP0227005 A2 EP 0227005A2 EP 86117473 A EP86117473 A EP 86117473A EP 86117473 A EP86117473 A EP 86117473A EP 0227005 A2 EP0227005 A2 EP 0227005A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
power
transmitter
antenna
transmitters
antenna groups
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP86117473A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0227005A3 (en
EP0227005B1 (fr
Inventor
Helmut Bauer
Georg Linckelmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Rohde and Schwarz GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Rohde and Schwarz GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=25839236&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=EP0227005(A2) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Priority claimed from DE3545639A external-priority patent/DE3545639C1/de
Priority claimed from DE19863624176 external-priority patent/DE3624176A1/de
Application filed by Rohde and Schwarz GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Rohde and Schwarz GmbH and Co KG
Priority to AT86117473T priority Critical patent/ATE65643T1/de
Publication of EP0227005A2 publication Critical patent/EP0227005A2/fr
Publication of EP0227005A3 publication Critical patent/EP0227005A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0227005B1 publication Critical patent/EP0227005B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/30—Combinations of separate antenna units operating in different wavebands and connected to a common feeder system
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q25/00—Antennas or antenna systems providing at least two radiating patterns
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H01Q5/40—Imbricated or interleaved structures; Combined or electromagnetically coupled arrangements, e.g. comprising two or more non-connected fed radiating elements

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a transmission device according to the preamble of the main claim.
  • the same or very close frequencies in the new band range from 100 to 108 M H z were assigned to transmitters that are directly in neighboring countries work.
  • an antenna with omnidirectional radiation pattern can no longer be used, as was previously the case in the 87.5 to 100 MHz range, but an antenna with a specified directional radiation pattern must be used for this, so that only its own coverage area is covered and the transmitter operating on the same frequency in the neighboring country is not disturbed.
  • one and the same antenna is used not only for radiating the transmissions from several high-frequency transmitters at different transmission frequencies, but also with a different radiation pattern, for which purpose only the individual fields of the common antenna are divided into two or more separate groups and each combined in a separate feed cable will.
  • these groups can then be interconnected with the transmitters in such a way that, for example, one transmitter in the FM radio range transmits 87.5 to 100 MHz on any frequency as before with an omnidirectional diagram, while a second transmitter emits, for example, in the range from 100 to 108 MHz with a predetermined directional beam diagram.
  • the antenna system can be constructed very simply and in a space-saving manner, since only a single antenna is used for different radiation patterns. It is even possible to retrofit a known transmitter antenna, which consists of several antenna fields arranged around a mast and in several levels one above the other and which is operated as an omnidirectional antenna for the previous U KW radio range from 87.5 to 100 MHz Modify additional cables and divide them into groups so that an additional transmitter with a corresponding directional diagram can be operated in the new range from 100 to 108 MHz.
  • the solution according to the invention is much simpler and cheaper than the obvious measure to use two separate transmit antennas.
  • the measure according to the invention is not only for the FM radio range from Advantage but can just as well be applied to television antennas or the like. However, because of the relatively large space requirement of FM radio antennas, the invention is particularly suitable for this.
  • the crossover and power distribution arrangement for mutually decoupled interconnection of the transmitters with the feed lines for the antenna groups can be made from known crossovers (for example according to pages 30 to 33 of the Rohde & Schwarz publication mentioned above) and also power distributors known per se, which divide the distribution as desired Output power of the transmitter on two or more outputs in a predetermined power sharing ratio allow to be put together.
  • Known star-point switches page 31 of the above-mentioned Rohde & Schwarz publication
  • directional couplers page 32 of the Rohde & Schwarz publication
  • star point or directional coupler crossovers other known non-reactive parallel circuits can also be used for frequency division, as described, for example, in Meinke-Grundlach, 3rd edition 1968, pages 1441-1451.
  • the costs of directional couplers are essentially determined by the band filters arranged between the directional couplers of the narrowband input, by means of which the power of the is reflected by the second transmitter and, after addition in the second directional coupler, is fed to the antenna group provided for this purpose.
  • a crossover and power distribution arrangement is therefore proposed which is particularly simple in construction and, above all, can also be produced at low cost, since the number of bandpass filters used is kept to a minimum is limited.
  • Fig. 1 shows a transmission device according to the invention using a known directional coupler transmitter switch W, which consists of two directional couplers R, two band filters F tuned to the same frequency and a terminating resistor K and which has a narrowband input C, a broadband input B and a common output Z. .
  • the second transmitter S2 operating at a frequency f2 for example in the frequency band 87.5 to 100 MHz
  • is via a 1: 1 power distributor V. on the one hand connected to the broadband input B of the switch W and on the other hand to the feed line L2, which is connected to the group G2 of the antenna.
  • the antenna consists of four antenna fields A1 to A4, which are arranged in a rectangle around an antenna mast and preferably still above one another in a plurality of antenna levels (see, for example, antenna to the side 34 to 35 of the R&S publication specified above).
  • the antenna fields A1 and A2 are combined to the antenna group G2, the other two antenna fields A3 and A4 to the group G1, which is connected to the output Z of the switch W via the feed line L1.
  • the group G2 would emit isolated supply with a directional diagram D2, the group G1 with a directional diagram D1 in the opposite direction.
  • the same half of the transmission power N2 of the transmitter S2 is fed to the two antenna groups G1 and G2 via the distributor V and the switch W, which results in the omnidirectional radiation pattern D3.
  • the bandpass filters F of the switch W are tuned to the frequency f1 of the transmitter S1, so that the full transmitter power N1 of the transmitter S1 is fed via the narrowband input C to the output Z and thus only to the group G1, the transmitter S1 therefore only radiates with the directional diagram D1 from.
  • a predetermined directional beam diagram D1 is thus achieved for the transmitter S1 via one and the same antenna, while an omnidirectional diagram D3 is produced for the transmitter S2.
  • the two transmitters are mutually decoupled via the switch.
  • Fig. 2 shows a solution with two directional couplers W1 and W2 using two power distributors V1 and V2.
  • the distributor V1 has a distribution ratio of 1: 4
  • the distributor V2 again has a distribution ratio of 1: 1.
  • the transmitter S2 again feeds half the power into the antenna groups G1 and G2, and this transmitter S2 therefore emits again with an omnidirectional diagram D3.
  • the transmitter S1 feeds the first group G1 with a fifth of the total power N1 via the distributor V1 and the switches W1 and W2, while the groups G2 are fed with 4/5 of the power N1.
  • the most varied radiation diagrams for the two transmitters S1 and S2 can be put together by means of corresponding power distributors and corresponding division of the antenna fields into combined groups. It is of course also possible, for example, to combine the antenna fields A1, A2 and A3 into a group and to use the antenna field A4 only as a second group. Any other division is also conceivable.
  • the invention can also be used for antennas which consist of fewer or more than four antenna fields arranged around a mast.
  • the division of the fields arranged one above the other in several levels can also be carried out in different ways in the individual antenna groups, so that not only the horizontal diagram but also the vertical diagram of the antenna can be selected differently in the individual groups.
  • the transmitter S2 feeds the broadband input B of the directional coupler, it can also operate in a known manner by means of additional switches connected in cascade (pages 33 of the R&S publication) in the specified frequency band on several different frequencies, all of which are then emitted with the omnidirectional diagram D3 .
  • the transmitters For certain tasks it may also be desirable to operate multiple transmitters with more than two different radiation patterns. If, for example, three different transmitters are to emit with three different radiation patterns, it is only necessary to use the to divide existing antenna fields into three groups in such a way that these alone or in combination with one another each result in the three desired radiation patterns. These three different antenna groups then only have to be interconnected with the transmitters via appropriate switches and distributors in such a way that, despite mutual decoupling of the transmitters, these each feed those antenna fields which give the desired radiation patterns. Of course, more than three antenna groups can also be formed in this way.
  • the number of possible combinations for transmitters and different assigned radiation patterns is arbitrary and depends only on the type of division of the antenna fields into groups and the type of the switches used.
  • suitable selection of the filters F in the crossovers it is also possible, for example, to connect two transmitters operating at relatively close adjacent frequencies via the narrowband input C, as a result of which the number of crossovers can be reduced for the interconnection of several transmitters. This could be achieved, for example, by appropriately wide bandpass filters or high or low pass filters.
  • the power distributors V are of a known type, in the simplest case they are power transformers with a corresponding transformation ratio.
  • the transmission ratio can be chosen as desired and depends only on the desired power distribution among the antenna groups, i.e. on the desired radiation pattern.
  • the production costs of a directional coupler switch W used in the exemplary embodiments according to FIGS. 1 and 2 are essentially determined by the bandpass filters arranged between the directional couplers. According to a further development of the invention, crossovers and power distribution arrangements are therefore shown in the exemplary embodiments according to FIGS. 3 to 5, which are particularly simple and inexpensive in construction and in which the number of bandpass filters used is limited to a minimum.
  • FIG. 3 shows a crossover and power distribution arrangement, with which a transmitter S1 transmitting at frequency f1 feeds two antenna groups G1 and G2 with such a power distribution that a first predetermined radiation diagram (for example D1 according to FIG. 2) is again generated for S1. results, while the second transmitter S2 operating on a frequency f2 (f2 may not only be equal to f1) feeds the same antenna groups G1 and G2 with such a power distribution that a second different predetermined radiation pattern (for example D3 according to FIG. 2) results for S2 .
  • the antenna groups G1 and G2 are again combined from different antenna fields of a single transmitting antenna.
  • the transmitter S1 is connected to the input 1 of a first directional coupler R1, which acts as a power distributor and is terminated at its output 3 via a resistor K with the correct wave resistance.
  • This directional coupler R1 (3 dB coupler) divides half of the power N1 of the transmitter S1 via the outputs 2, 4 into the inputs of two bandpass filters F, each of which is tuned to the transmission frequency f1 in terms of its center frequency are.
  • the outputs of these two narrow-band band filters F are each connected to the connections 2, 4 of two further 3 dB directional couplers R2 and R3 by dual power distributors V3 and V4.
  • the power split ratio of the two distributors V3 and V4 is chosen as desired with n1: 1, so that any power distribution of the power N1 of the transmitter S1 between the two antenna groups G1 and G2 is possible.
  • the power N1 initially divided via the directional coupler R1 is thus added again in the directional couplers R2 and R3 in the respective outputs 3 of these directional couplers and thus distributed to the antenna groups G1 and G2 with the selected power division ratio n1.
  • the power N2 of the transmitter S2 is fed to the broadband inputs 1 of the two directional couplers R2 and R3 via a further dual power distributor V5 with the power division ratio n2: 1, this power N2 reaches the filters F, since these are not tuned to the frequency f2 are, the power is reflected there and added in a manner known per se in the two directional couplers R2 and R3 and fed back to the antenna groups G1 and G2 with the selected power distribution n2 via the output 3 of these directional couplers.
  • the power N1 and N2 of the two transmitters S1 and S2 on the antenna groups G1 and G2 is thus available in the selected power division ratio for the radiation of the desired radiation diagram.
  • the power distributors V used are preferably designed for the VHF range with a simple ⁇ / 4 transformers after the branch point. Because of the necessary plug connections, all transformation line sections are selected somewhat longer than X / 4 for the band center frequency. To prevent the power of the transmitter S2 with the frequency f2 across the branches of the power distributors V3 and V4 to the other antenna group, which would lead to a falsification of the power division between the two antenna groups G1 and G2, it is appropriate to use the reactance at the junction points of the power distributors V3 and V4 to make this transmission frequency f2 equal to zero or very small. For this purpose, the line length between the branch point of these distributors and the filter outputs for this frequency f2 is chosen approximately ⁇ / 4.
  • FIG. 4 shows the distribution of the powers of two transmitters S1 and S2 onto two different radiation diagrams, which in this case each result as a sum diagram of three individual diagrams which are formed by three different antenna groups G1, G2 and G3.
  • the power N1 is again divided into two filters F via a directional coupler R1, but the outputs of these filters F are connected to the inputs 2, 4 of three further directional couplers R2 via a triple power distributor V6 or V7, R3 and R4 connected.
  • the power N1 of the transmitter S1 is thus divided with a predetermined power division ratio n1 ': n1: 1 of the triple power distributors V6 and V7 between the three antenna groups G1, G2 and G3.
  • these triple distributors V6 and V7 are again like distributors V3 and V4 dimensioned.
  • the power N2 of the transmitter S2 is fed in at the broadband input via a further triple power distributor V8 and is fed to the broadband inputs 1 of the three directional couplers R2, R3 and R4 with a division ratio n2 ': n2: 1, it thus reaches the antenna groups again in a corresponding power distribution G1, G2 and G3.
  • FIG. 5 shows a crossover arrangement for dividing the transmitter powers of three transmitters S1, S2 and S3 operating at different frequencies f1, f2 and f3 onto two antenna groups G1 and G2.
  • a first directional coupler R1 with two downstream filters F1 tuned to the frequency f1 and two downstream dual power distributors V9 and V10 any power sharing ratio the power N1 of the transmitter S1 is divided between the two antenna groups G1 and G2, the power N2 of the Transmitter S2 via a directional coupler R4 and downstream band filters F2 of the center frequency f2 and distributors V11 and V12 via the directional couplers R5 and R6, which are interconnected with the directional couplers R2 and R3 of the first switch, divided between the antenna groups G1 and G2.
  • the power N3 of the third transmitter S3 is again fed via the broadband input and the series-connected directional couplers R2, R3, R5 and R6 to the antenna groups G1 and G2 in accordance with the selected power sharing ratio of a dual power distributor V13.
  • a dual power distributor V13 With this arrangement according to FIG. 5, it is difficult to make the reactances for the frequencies f2 and f3 zero at the branching points of the power distributors V9, V10. In this case, it is sufficient to make the reactance at these branch points zero for a medium frequency between the two frequencies f2 and f3.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Transmitters (AREA)
  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
EP86117473A 1985-12-21 1986-12-16 Dispositif d'émission à deux émetteurs haute fréquence émettant des fréquences différentes avec des diagrammes de rayonnement différents Expired - Lifetime EP0227005B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT86117473T ATE65643T1 (de) 1985-12-21 1986-12-16 Sendeeinrichtung fuer mindestens zwei auf unterschiedlichen sendefrequenzen und mit unterschiedlichen strahlungsdiagrammen abstrahlende hochfrequenzsender.

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3545639 1985-12-21
DE3545639A DE3545639C1 (en) 1985-12-21 1985-12-21 Transmitter operating at at least two frequencies - uses single VHF antenna array with different polar diagrams
DE3624176 1986-07-17
DE19863624176 DE3624176A1 (de) 1986-07-17 1986-07-17 Sendeeinrichtung fuer mindestens zwei auf unterschiedlichen sendefrequenzen und mit unterschiedlichen strahlungsdiagrammen abstrahlende hochfrequenzsender

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0227005A2 true EP0227005A2 (fr) 1987-07-01
EP0227005A3 EP0227005A3 (en) 1987-11-19
EP0227005B1 EP0227005B1 (fr) 1991-07-24

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ID=25839236

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EP86117473A Expired - Lifetime EP0227005B1 (fr) 1985-12-21 1986-12-16 Dispositif d'émission à deux émetteurs haute fréquence émettant des fréquences différentes avec des diagrammes de rayonnement différents

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EP (1) EP0227005B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE3680492D1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2007150377A (ja) * 2005-11-24 2007-06-14 Nec Corp 分配器及び合成器並びにそれらを用いた電力増幅装置

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1495582A (en) * 1975-02-10 1977-12-21 Alford A Two frequency localizer system

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1495582A (en) * 1975-02-10 1977-12-21 Alford A Two frequency localizer system

Non-Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VEHICULAR TECHNOLOGY, Band VT-32, Nr. 2, Mai 1983, Seiten 201-205, IEEE, New York, US; A.L. DAVIDSON: "Omnidirectional transmitter combining antenna" *
REVIEW OF THE ELECTRICAL COMMUNICATION LABORATORY, Band 18, Nr. 3/4, März-April 1970, Seiten 179-202; K. UENISHI: "Base station antennas in the 400 MHz band mobile radio telephone system" *
Rohde & Schwarz, VHF-FM/AM-Sendesysteme für den Hörfunk, Info Nr. 3-012 D1, Seite 32, Meinke-Gundlach, Taschenbuch der Hochfrequenztechnik, Springer Verlag Berlin, 1968, Seite 597,1441-1451. *
TELECOMMUNICATIONS & RADIO ENGINEERING, Band 29/30, Nr. 9, September 1975, Seiten 46-51; E.A. ANFILOV et al.: "Modernizing the antenna systems of broadcast transmitting stations to accommodate the increasing number of TV programs" *
TELECOMMUNICATIONS AND RADIO ENGINEERING, Band 28/29, Nr. 6, Juni 1974, Seiten 45-48; S.P. BELOUSOV et al.: "Antenna-feeder devices: Simultaneous operation of two high-power short-wave transmitters into a common antenna" *

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2007150377A (ja) * 2005-11-24 2007-06-14 Nec Corp 分配器及び合成器並びにそれらを用いた電力増幅装置

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Publication number Publication date
EP0227005A3 (en) 1987-11-19
EP0227005B1 (fr) 1991-07-24
DE3680492D1 (de) 1991-08-29

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