EP2929589B1 - Antenne omnidirectionnelle à double polarité - Google Patents

Antenne omnidirectionnelle à double polarité Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2929589B1
EP2929589B1 EP13789186.7A EP13789186A EP2929589B1 EP 2929589 B1 EP2929589 B1 EP 2929589B1 EP 13789186 A EP13789186 A EP 13789186A EP 2929589 B1 EP2929589 B1 EP 2929589B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
antenna
reflector
sector
central axis
dual
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EP13789186.7A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP2929589A1 (fr
Inventor
Manfred Stolle
Maximilian GÖTTL
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Kathrein SE
Original Assignee
Kathrein Werke KG
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Publication of EP2929589A1 publication Critical patent/EP2929589A1/fr
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
    • H01Q1/241—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
    • H01Q1/246—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for base stations
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/52—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure
    • H01Q1/521—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure reducing the coupling between adjacent antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
    • H01Q21/08—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart the units being spaced along or adjacent to a rectilinear path
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
    • H01Q21/20—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart the units being spaced along or adjacent to a curvilinear path
    • H01Q21/205—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart the units being spaced along or adjacent to a curvilinear path providing an omnidirectional coverage
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/24—Combinations of antenna units polarised in different directions for transmitting or receiving circularly and elliptically polarised waves or waves linearly polarised in any direction
    • H01Q21/26—Turnstile or like antennas comprising arrangements of three or more elongated elements disposed radially and symmetrically in a horizontal plane about a common centre
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q25/00—Antennas or antenna systems providing at least two radiating patterns
    • H01Q25/005—Antennas or antenna systems providing at least two radiating patterns providing two patterns of opposite direction; back to back antennas

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a dual-polarized, omnidirectional antenna according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • An omnidirectional antenna for example, from the WO 2011/120090 A1 known.
  • Such omnidirectional omnidirectional device comprises, for example, three antenna array arrangements which are each arranged at a 120 ° angle offset from each other about a central axis, resulting in a triangular structure in axial plan view. This allows each antenna array to cover approximately an azimuth angular range of 120 °.
  • Corresponding antennas may include a wide variety of emitters and emitter devices according to the prior art, for example dipoles, so-called vector dipoles, patch emitters, etc. So-called dual-polarized vector emitters are known, for example, from US Pat EP 1 057 224 B1 known.
  • Each of the three mutually offset antenna arrays comprises, for example, a plurality of dual-polarized radiator devices arranged one above the other at equal intervals. Via a corresponding feed device, the respective dual-polarized radiators are fed.
  • the spotlights can also be fed circularly.
  • the two polarization planes are not only perpendicular to one another, but are arranged at an angle of + 45 ° or -45 ° with respect to a horizontally or vertically oriented plane.
  • the individual sector antennas can be configured to be MIMO-capable, ie they are part of a reception system with a plurality of input and output signals.
  • a vertically polarized antenna for example, from the DE 600 19 412 T2 known. It includes a vertical, elongated support structure with multiple dipoles arranged at different heights along the support structure and connected to a coaxial power cable. Along the construction mentioned, only one dipole is provided per level.
  • the dipoles are coplanar and arranged exactly colinear, divided into two groups, which are formed successively on said construction.
  • the dipoles in the two groups are oriented in the opposite direction to each other, so that the horizontal polarization components of the two groups are opposite.
  • the arrangement is such that a small distance arises between the two dipole groups, which offers the possibility of Adjust the phase centers of the dipoles of both groups, so as to compensate for a small shift due to the effect of the ground plane on the dipoles.
  • vertically polarized omnidirectional radiators which radiate or receive only in a polarization that is not MIMO-capable.
  • These vertically polarized omnidirectional sources with, for example, three or four panels are connected together around a mast in a same plane to form an omnidirectional diagram. For better roundness, several layers can be twisted together.
  • the disadvantage here is that good broadcast properties are only possible for a small frequency range (due to the geometric arrangement, this results in phase-dependent cancellations).
  • a multi-sector antenna is for example also from the DE 697 34 172 T2 known.
  • a plurality of elemental antennas are used, each having a different directivity in a horizontal plane.
  • each elementary antenna is arranged in a vertical plane, wherein at least one of the elementary antennas is positioned at a different height than that of the other elemental antennas.
  • the elemental antennas are arranged with respect to a vertical axis of the sector antennas, which is defined such that the elementary antennas are arranged axially symmetrically with respect to the said axis.
  • a well-known in the prior art omnidirectional antenna is from the US 6,369,774 B1 known.
  • This prior publication describes an antenna in which, for example, one dipole antenna is positioned one above the other in three spaced-apart regions along an X-axis, each of which acts on its own as a front radiator.
  • the three dipole antennas mentioned are positioned away from each other along the X-axis and are also surrounded by a first medium with a higher impedance, this medium being surrounded with a higher impedance by a second medium. which has a lower impedance compared to the first medium.
  • Other examples include a sector antenna in which three patch emitters are each spaced apart 120 degrees apart along the x-axis.
  • a single radiator with a vector dipole of the WO 2008/017386 A1 known.
  • This single radiator sits in front of a specifically trained, in plan view square reflector, which is surrounded on all four sides by a reflector web, which protrudes in the beam direction transverse to the reflector plane, in particular perpendicular thereto.
  • the corresponding Vector radiator in the individual reflector fields arranged one above the other has, which is like the single reflector also on all four sides surrounding each radiator circumferentially surrounded by a reflector web.
  • the reflector webs serve for beam shaping.
  • a generic omnidirectional antenna is out of the EP 0 802 579 A2 known.
  • This publication shows an antenna, which is arranged one above the other in the axial direction and offset from one another in each case three, for example, by 120 ° twisted aligned reflector planes. These reflector planes intersect in axial plan view along the central axis in this central axis. In front of the reflector planes corresponding radiators are arranged. These can also be dual-polarized radiators sitting in a section in front of the reflector, which is bounded by a reflector web extending around the radiator.
  • Object of the present invention is to provide an improved dual-polarized while omnidirectional antenna or array antennas, which has over conventional solutions an improved Rundstrahl property with the least possible space.
  • the inventive solution is based on the known structure, in which several, for example, three offset by 120 ° to each radiating sector antenna devices, in particular antenna arrays may be provided, not in the same altitude, but in the vertical direction (ie in their cultivation direction) offset from one another lie.
  • a phase center is understood as meaning those electronic reference points of an antenna from which the electromagnetic antenna radiation appears to be viewed from the point of reception.
  • the reflector plane can usually be referred to at least approximately as a phase center, that is usually the central region of a corresponding reflector arrangement of a sector antenna.
  • the invention also proposes that between two adjacent and along the central axis staggered sector antennas between a decoupling device is provided.
  • This decoupling device consists of at least one reflector web, which is aligned transversely to the reflector plane of the associated reflector.
  • Such transverse webs, which are formed on the reflector are, in principle, for example, from the DE 103 16 787 A1 known.
  • this is a conventional single-column mobile radio antenna which comprises at least two reflector modules which can be assembled to form an overall reflector, in each case is characterized by lateral longitudinal webs and between the individual radiator arrangements extending transverse webs.
  • the at least one reflector plane of each sector antenna is arranged such that the vertical central axis is arranged to extend at a distance from the reflector plane.
  • the reflector walls or the reflector planes lie parallel to the central axis in such a distance that the distance between the reflector plane of a sector antenna and the central axis is smaller than 15% of the column width of an associated antenna column.
  • the central axis runs on the side of the reflector plane on which the radiators are also provided.
  • the arrangement is such that the central axis passes through the reflector webs.
  • phase center of the overall arrangement for the horizontal diagram is identical to the phase center of a single antenna.
  • group factor of the overall arrangement is frequency-independent and the omnidirectional diagram thus extremely broadband (it is therefore also suitable for dual-band antennas).
  • the roundness of the overall arrangement depends only on the half-width of the individual antenna.
  • a decoupling-optimized structure of the individual radiators or directional antennas is also provided.
  • This may, for example, circumferential or partially circumferential reflector webs, especially reflector webs, which lie transversely to the respective reflector plane and are formed between the individual, vertically stacked sector antennas.
  • an omnidirectional monoband antenna but also, for example, an omnidirectional dual-band antenna or an omnidirectional multiband antenna comprising several bands, which additionally transmit and / or receive dual-polarized or circular-polarized can.
  • radiators and radiator devices for example in the form of patch radiators, but also in the form of so-called dipole or vector radiators, as described, for example, in US Pat EP 1 082 728 B1 as well as the EP 1 470 615 B1 are known to be known.
  • so-called cup-shaped, slightly larger dimensioned dual-polarized radiator and sitting in the center of smaller sized provided for the higher frequency band range dual polarized radiator can be used.
  • a plurality of monoband, dual band or multi-band radiators or radiator devices can also be arranged in each antenna column, usually arranged one above the other in the vertical direction, as in a conventional antenna.
  • Each of these antenna columns with the plurality of superimposed radiators are then arranged offset in the circumferential direction about the central axis, that is aligned, ie with different azimuth angles.
  • a doubling of the radiator can be effected as explained above, that relative to the respective reflector plane (ie offset by 180 ° lying) oppositely directed radiator devices are provided.
  • the common plane in which the phase centers of a column antenna lie or at least approximately may be arranged so that it preferably passes through the central axis or in the vicinity of the central axis.
  • the radiator in the one column could be arranged so that their phase centers come to lie exactly or as exactly as possible to the respective central axis of the antenna array, and then that in a for example arranged second antenna column radiating devices in the radial direction, so come to lie in the lateral direction to the central axis, so far as the two columns are not symmetrical to the central axis.
  • FIGS. 1 to 3 Reference is made to which a first example is shown.
  • FIG. 1 a vertical central axis 1 is shown by dashed lines, which is also referred to below as a mounting axis or cultivation line.
  • three sector antennas 5 are arranged one above the other, each offset in the azimuth direction by 120 ° in the circumferential direction to each other, ie radiate offset by 120 ° to each other.
  • the three sector antennas 5 are not positioned at the same altitude, relative to their vertical central axis 1 (as is common in the prior art), but offset in the direction of the vertical central axis or cultivation line 1 to each other.
  • each of the sector antennas 5 comprises, for example, a dual-polarized emitter 7, for example for a first, higher frequency band (high band) and a further, dual-polarized emitter 9 for a lower frequency band (low band), this sector antenna 5 being arranged in an antenna column 6.
  • the vector radiator for the higher frequency band has a structure such as in principle from the EP 1 057 224 B4 or the DE 198 60 121 A1 is known.
  • This dual-polarized radiator for the higher frequency band (also referred to below as vector dipole) is arranged, for example, within a so-called cup-shaped dipole, which is likewise designed as a dual-polarized radiator and is suitable for transmission and reception in a low frequency band due to its larger dimensioning.
  • a radiator is basically, for example, from EP 1 470 615 B1 to be known as known.
  • the two radiators 7 and 9 sit at a same position when viewed from the front perpendicular to the respectively associated reflector 11, which in the example shown in each case a rear reflector to the reflector 13 wall 13, which is arranged in a reflector plane 13 ', wherein in the example shown circumferentially reflector webs 15 are arranged.
  • These reflector webs 15 are transversely and preferably in the example shown perpendicular to the reflector plane 13 'and are provided as part of the entire reflector 11 as a circumferential boundary.
  • the aforementioned, decoupled reflector structure therefore comprises at least one reflector web 15 ', which is aligned transversely and preferably perpendicular to the reflector plane 13' of the relevant sector antenna 5 and is arranged between two adjacent sector antennas. It should this, especially the decoupling to a adjacent sector antenna serving crosspiece 15 'of the reflector 11 transversely and in particular perpendicular to the connecting line, that is, the central axis 1, aligned.
  • an intermediate reflector 17 may be arranged in an intermediate reflector plane 17 'at a parallel distance to the rear reflector wall 13, which is dimensioned smaller than the dual-polarized radiator 9 for the low frequency range, the symmetrization of the corresponding vector radiator 7 a corresponding central opening 17a in this intermediate reflector 17 electrically, without contact penetrates through electrical.
  • FIG. 1 in perspective reproduced example includes the mentioned three sector antennas 5, which are aligned in the vertical or central direction 1 offset by 120 ° to each other.
  • the structure of all antennas is basically the same, but could also be different from each other.
  • Each sector antenna 5, that is, each corresponding antenna system 5 is constructed in the embodiment shown in the manner of a single-column sector antenna, which in the example shown, only one row and thus only a corresponding radiator arrangement for transmission in a higher and lower frequency band.
  • two or more sector antennas can also be combined to form a corresponding sector antenna array in the vertical direction in a common antenna column 6.
  • additional antenna systems or sector antennas may be provided, which are positioned in a rather laterally, radially or horizontally extending cultivation direction.
  • the mentioned vertical central axis 1 is located in each case in the middle of each of the reflector planes 13 'and in the middle of the respective reflector wall 13. This ensures that the phase center of each sector antenna 5, which is approximately centered in the associated reflector plane thirteenth 'or in the reflector wall 13 of each sector antenna 5 is located in an axial plan view of the vertical central axis 1, so that therefore results over the conventional solution significantly improved omnidirectional radiation pattern.
  • a double single emitter that is to say a double sector antenna, which in the example shown can each be operated in two frequency bands.
  • This double sector antenna 5 comprises a central, in this embodiment, a central reflector 15 which extends perpendicular to the plane of the drawing and has a common reflector wall 13 which lies in said common reflector plane 13 '.
  • the two sector antennas 5 are in this example offset by 180 ° to each other and thus positioned symmetrically to the reflector plane 13 '.
  • each of the two sector antennas which are rotated by 180 ° relative to one another (as in the preceding example), each have a larger-dimensioned (and eg cup-shaped) dual-polarized one
  • Radiator 9 for the lower frequency band and in its central position comprises another, also dual-polarized vector radiator 7, optionally again with the additional in FIG. 4 not visible and from the actual reflector plane 13 'spaced reflector 17, which is also provided again in a reflector plane 17'.
  • This structure with a 180 ° offset from each other aligned double sector antenna 5 can now for each of the in FIG. 1 shown three sector antennas can be used, so that can be accommodated in the same high axial structure, but also with the same diameter of the antenna assembly thus formed ultimately six radiators. This not only improves the omnidirectional diagram, but also allows MIMO capability to be realized.
  • FIGS. 5 to 7 which, in principle, the example FIGS. 1 to 3 corresponds, with the difference that in deviation to the FIGS. 1 to 3 (Describing an omnidirectional omnidirectional antenna using dual-polarized radiators for a dual-band antenna) vector radiators 7 or 9 are now provided which can only transmit or receive in one frequency band.
  • a vector emitter or vector dipole is used, as it is known, for example, from US Pat DE 10 2004 057 774 B4 can be seen for the higher frequency band described there. All shown three, in the vertical direction along the central axis 1 superimposed sector antennas 5 are in a 120 ° angle offset from one another, as is apparent in particular from the view along the central axis according to Figures 6 and 7.
  • the arrangement can be such that it can be transmitted and / or received by means of such an omnidirectional antenna in each desired frequency band, specifically for both polarizations.
  • suitable radiating means such as patch radiators, may be used instead of the dual polarized vector dipole shown.
  • the spacing of the radiators is usually determined as a function of the selected frequency band in which the antenna is to radiate and / or receive. This distance is usually a value between ⁇ / 2 and ⁇ , for example by 0.7 to 0.75 ⁇ , where ⁇ can be the center operating frequency for the frequency band in question.
  • this example is a dual-polarized, omnidirectional round radiator for a monoband, in which each sector antenna comprises at least two dual-polarized radiators arranged one above the other in the direction of attachment, as a rule in the direction of the vertical central axis 1.
  • each sector antenna comprises at least two dual-polarized radiators arranged one above the other in the direction of attachment, as a rule in the direction of the vertical central axis 1.
  • the principle can be developed that three, four, etc. corresponding radiators are arranged one above the other along the central axis. Otherwise, every sector antenna is like the others Examples also, offset at a corresponding angle about the central axis 1 around each other, like the FIGS. 9 and 10 demonstrate.
  • the illustrated example according to the FIGS. 8 to 10 is also shown again for a monoband antenna with a plurality of dual polarized emitters arranged one above the other along the central axis 1.
  • the individual sector antennas may be formed as dual-polarized dual-band or dual-polarized triband or generally dual-polarized multi-band antennas. If the radiators in the individual sector antennas 5 are to radiate, for example, in two (or more) frequency bands, then a different radiator spacing is usually selected between the individual radiators depending on the operating wavelength, as is generally the case, for example EP 1 082 782 B1 (equals to WO 99/062139 A1 ) is known. This would for example be based on the example according to FIG. 1 or FIG.
  • each sector antenna 5 comprises two dual-polarized emitters 9 spaced apart from the central axis 1 for the lower frequency band and, for example, in the same mounting direction, three dual-polarized emitters 7 for the higher frequency band, for example at twice the upper upper frequency band (for example 1800 MHz).
  • Band in relation to the lower frequency band (for example, 900 MHz band) two dual polarized radiators 9 for the higher frequency band in the central central position of the two dual polarized radiators for the lower frequency band 9 sit (as in FIG. 1 shown), and that the third dual-polarized radiator 7 for the higher Frequency band between the two centers of the two radiators for the low or higher frequency band can be arranged.
  • this omnidirectional omnidirectional comprises not only three sector antennas 5 with dual-polarized radiators, which are arranged only in one antenna column 6, but which are each arranged in two antenna columns 6.
  • at least one or a plurality of monoband, dual band or generally multi-band emitters, which are preferably offset in the central direction 1, can be arranged in each antenna column, as was fundamentally explained with reference to the preceding examples.
  • the reflector 11 with its reflector wall 13 lies for each of the two antenna columns 6 of each sector antenna 5 in a same reflector plane 13 '.
  • Corresponding reflector ribs 15 are provided for each column arrangement which extend around all the radiators 7, 9 belonging to one antenna column, including the mentioned reflector ribs 15 'oriented transversely to the central axis 1 for achieving a decoupling to the next sector antenna.
  • transversely extending reflector webs between the individual radiators 7 or 9 may be provided in the individual antenna columns 6.
  • the distance between the central longitudinal axes through each of the antenna columns 6 should here again correspond to the usual distance, that is, for example, between ⁇ / 2 and ⁇ with respect to the center operating frequency.
  • suitable values are frequently between 0.65 ⁇ and 0.75 ⁇ , that is, for example, around 0.7 ⁇ (relative to the center operating frequency, if it is a Monband antenna, otherwise for dual-band antennas the value of ⁇ is ⁇ ) Center frequency for the lower frequency band as a reference).
  • the two antenna columns 6 are each arranged to a vertical plane of symmetry (perpendicular to the reflector plane 13 'standing), so that the vertical central axis 1, the reflector plane 13' passes through, precisely at the separation and connection point between the two antenna columns. 6
  • the phase centers of the sector antennas 5 (with the radiators in the two columns 6) seem to be in the central axis 1 or at least approximately there.
  • FIGS. 14 to 16 Based on the example according to the FIGS. 14 to 16 is an omnidirectional round radiator with two antenna columns 6 and one or more radiators 7, 9 shown in the individual columns 6, wherein the one antenna column 6, as in the examples according to the FIGS. 1 to 10 with respect to the central axis 1 is arranged so that the three vertically oriented planes of symmetry (which are perpendicular to the respective reflector plane 13 ') of the three in the vertical direction one above the other and twisted arranged sector antennas 5 in the central axis 1 intersect.
  • the respective second antenna column 6 is then laterally offset asymmetrically relative to the central axis 1, that is to say arranged radially offset outwards, so that in plan view of FIGS FIGS. 12 and 13 deviating arrangement results.
  • the individual sector antennas 5 with the shown at least two antenna columns in the transverse direction, that is to say perpendicular to the central axis 1, can be positioned in different positions, that is to say they do not necessarily have to be inserted only in the antenna FIGS. 11 to 13 or 14 to 16 shown position may be arranged.
  • any other deviating relative positions in a different displacement position perpendicular to the central axis are possible.
  • an arrangement is preferred in which, in plan view of a corresponding sector antenna with the at least one or the at least two antenna columns, the central axis 1 always lies in an overlapping position relative to the one, two or more column sector antenna 5.
  • FIG. 4 It has been shown that at each position of the sector antenna, the number of emitters can be doubled, characterized in that with respect to the reflector 11 and the reflector wall 13, as it were mirror images on both sides a corresponding radiator structure is provided.
  • This based on FIG. 4 principle explained in principle can be realized in all examples. This is only an example based on the FIGS. 17 to 19 be shown, which in principle the example of the FIGS. 8 to 10 corresponds, with the peculiarity that the basis of FIG. 4 explained Basic idea is also realized here.
  • the antenna structure is basically such that the phase centers of all the column antennas, that is to say at least the column antennas, which are usually mounted consecutively in the vertical direction along the central axis 1, coincide in the central axis 1 or lie at least in the vicinity of the central axis 1.
  • the individual sector antennas with their reflectors 11 are arranged around a central axis 1 in such a way that in plan view along the central axis 1, the reflectors 11 and thus also the reflector wall 13 at least partially overlap and overlap.
  • this distance is clear and preferably more than half smaller than the usual distance between the phase centers, that is to say in particular the respective reflector plane 13 ', the reflector walls 13 and the central axis X in conventional omnidirectional antenna arrangements which have a triangular structure in plan view, in which the reflector planes are positioned on the sides of an equilateral triangle.
  • the reflector walls 13, that is to say the respective reflector plane 13 ' are preferably arranged relative to the central axis 1 such that the radial distance to the central axis 1 of this reflector wall 13 or the reflector plane 13' is smaller than 15%, in particular smaller as 10%, 8%, 6%, 5%, 4%, 3%, 2% and in particular less than 1% of the column width B of the respective antenna column 6 (see FIGS. 1 . 8th or 11 ).
  • each sector antenna 5 is arranged so that the central axis 1 lies in the reflector plane 13'.
  • the individual sector antennas with their reflectors 11 and the reflector walls can also be arranged offset in a radial distance from the central axis, in order to still realize the advantages described, if this distance is not too large. Therefore, this distance should preferably be less than 15%, in particular less than 10%, 8%, 6%, 5%, 4%, 3%, 2% and in particular less than 1% of the column width B of an antenna column 6.
  • FIG. 20 Such an arrangement of the individual reflectors is shown, in which the respective reflector plane 13 'has a small radial offset from the central axis 1 in the aforementioned sense.
  • Such an embodiment is considered, inter alia, if, for example, an antenna mast is provided in the free space between the sector antennas arranged in plan view at different elevations should be provided, which is penetrated by the central axis 1.
  • the reflector walls 13 are arranged offset with their associated reflector planes 13 'relative to the central axis 1, that the central axis 1 passes through the reflector webs.
  • the central axis 1 runs on the side of the reflector plane 13 ', on which the radiators 7 and / or radiators 9 are also provided (in the example according to FIG FIG. 20 the central axis 1 extends on the rear side of the reflector walls 13, ie on the opposite side to the radiators 7/9).
  • FIG. 22 For example, to complete the axial top view, there is shown a prior art antenna with three sector antennas, in which the three sector antennas 5 are arranged about the central axis at a 120 ° angle, in which case all sector antennas are mounted at a same elevation since the reflector walls have such a large distance to the central axis 1 that the sector antennas thus formed and in particular their reflectors 11 or reflector walls 13 do not overlap or intersect in plan view.
  • the mentioned decoupling-optimized structure of the individual radiator 5 or the directional antennas 5, that is, the one or more sector antennas 5, the mentioned, transversely and in particular perpendicular to the reflector plane 13 'of the reflector wall 13 or the entire reflector 11 extending reflector webs 15 and 15' is provided.
  • These reflector webs 15 and 15 ' should preferably have a reflector web height R which is greater than 0.05 ⁇ , where ⁇ is the center frequency in the case of a monoband emitter. In the case of a dual-band or multi-band emitter array, ⁇ is the center frequency of the lowest frequency band.
  • the height R of the side wall or the side bars 15, 15 'of the reflector 11 with respect to the reflector plane 13' should not be greater than the height H1, ie the height of the radiator 7 with respect to the reflector plane 13 'and thus not be higher than the height H2, that is, the height of the radiator 9 with respect to the reflector plane 13 '(see FIG. 4 ).
  • the reflector web height R of the reflector webs 15, 15 'and 15 is smaller than the height H2 of the dual- or vertical-polarized dipole or vector radiators 9 for the lower frequency band and thus even lower than the height H1 the even higher dual-polar or vertical-polarized dipole or vector radiator 7 for the higher frequency band, as shown in FIGS Figures 2 or 4 can be seen.
  • the sector antennas associated with the illustrated omnidirectional radiate or receive in a single polarization may be interconnected via a feed network (this does not apply to the sector operation).
  • the sector antennas emitters are provided which transmit and / or receive in two mutually perpendicular polarization planes, all in a common plane of polarization (of, for example, + 45 ° or -45 ° relative to the horizontal) operated emitters can be interconnected via a feed network.

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Claims (15)

  1. Antenne omnidirectionnelle à double polarité dotée d'au moins trois antennes sectorielles (5) séparées, décalées les unes par rapport aux autres dans la direction circonférentielle autour d'un axe central (1), avec les caractéristiques suivantes :
    - chaque antenne sectorielle (5) comprend au moins une fente d'antenne (6) dotée d'un réflecteur (11) correspondant qui est disposé au moins partiellement dans un plan de réflecteur (13'), où au moins un émetteur rayonnant (7, 9) à double polarité est disposé dans la fente d'antenne (6) devant le réflecteur (11),
    - avec un dispositif d'alimentation qui est couplé avec l'antenne sectorielle (5),
    - les antennes sectorielles (5) sont en outre disposées, décalés les unes par rapport aux autres, le long de leur axe central (1),
    - les antennes sectorielles (5) sont disposées de telle manière que les réflecteurs (11) se coupent avec leur paroi de réflecteur (13) disposée dans leur plan de réflecteur (13') respectif, dans une vue axiale le long de l'axe central (1),
    - un dispositif de découplage est prévu entre deux antennes sectorielles (5) voisines et disposées décalées l'une par rapport à l'autre le long de l'axe central (1),
    - le dispositif de découplage est constitué d'au moins une traverse de réflecteur (15, 15') qui est orientée perpendiculairement par rapport au plan de réflecteur (13') du réflecteur (11) correspondant,
    - les parois de réflecteur (13) ou les plans de réflecteur (13') se situent à une distance, parallèlement par rapport à l'axe central (1),
    - les parois de réflecteur (13) ou les plans de réflecteur (13') se situent parallèlement avec une distance telle par rapport à l'axe central (1) que la distance entre le plan de réflecteur (13') d'une antenne sectorielle (5) et l'axe central (1) est inférieure à 15 % de la largeur de fente (B) d'une fente d'antenne (6) correspondante, où la largeur de fente (B) correspond à la largeur de la paroi de réflecteur (13), et
    - l'axe central (1) s'étend ainsi de telle manière sur le côté du plan de réflecteur (13') sur lequel sont également prévus les émetteurs rayonnants (7, 9) que l'axe central (1) coupe les traverses de réflecteur (15, 15').
  2. Antenne selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que la hauteur de la traverse de réflecteur (15, 15', 15") est supérieure à 0,05 λ par rapport à la fréquence moyenne dans une antenne monobande ou par rapport à la fréquence moyenne la plus basse dans une antenne à deux bandes ou multibande et inférieure à une hauteur (H1) des émetteurs rayonnants (7) à double polarisation, et/ou inférieure à la hauteur (H2) des émetteurs rayonnants (9) à double polarisation, respectivement par rapport au plan de réflecteur (13') du réflecteur (11) correspondant d'une antenne sectorielle (5).
  3. Antenne selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisée en ce que chaque antenne sectorielle (5) présente une traverse de réflecteur (15) fermée ou interrompue sur la circonférence, ce par quoi, le réflecteur (11) est compris dans l'antenne sectorielle (5) se trouvant à l'intérieur de la traverse de réflecteur (15, 15').
  4. Antenne selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisée en ce que les parois de réflecteur (13) ou les plans de réflecteurs (13') se situent parallèlement par rapport à l'axe central que la distance entre le plan de réflecteur (13') d'une antenne sectorielle (5) et l'axe central (1) est inférieure à 10 %, notamment est inférieure à 8 %, 6 %, 5 %, 4 %, 3 %, 2 % et notamment inférieure à 1 % de la largeur de fente (B) d'une fente d'antenne (6) correspondante.
  5. Antenne selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisée en ce que les antennes sectorielles (5) sont disposées de telle manière que l'axe central (1) traverse les centres des phases ou présente un espace par rapport à ceux-ci, qui est inférieur à 15 %, notamment est inférieur à 10 %, 8 %, 6 %, 5 %, 4 %, 3 %, 2 % et notamment inférieur à 1 % de la largeur de fente (B) de la fente d'antenne (6) correspondante.
  6. Antenne selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisée en ce que chaque antenne sectorielle (5) est conçue sous forme d'une antenne monobande, d'une antenne à deux bandes ou d'une antenne multibande.
  7. Antenne selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisée en ce que, dans la zone de chaque antenne sectorielle (5), une deuxième antenne sectorielle (5) est prévue orientée à 180 °, c'est-à-dire opposée, qui comprend de préférence un réflecteur (11) commun, notamment une paroi de réflecteur (13) commune avec un plan de réflecteur (13') commun.
  8. Antenne selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisée en ce que chaque antenne sectorielle (5) comprend plusieurs émetteurs rayonnants (7, 9) à double polarisation situés dans la fente d'antenne (6) et disposés décalés les uns par rapport aux autres en direction de l'axe central (1).
  9. Antenne selon l'une des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisée en ce que l'antenne sectorielle (5) comprend au moins deux fentes d'antenne (6) disposées parallèles l'une à l'autre, où au moins un émetteur rayonnant (7, 9) à double polarisation et de préférence plusieurs émetteurs rayonnants (7, 9) à double polarisation sont disposés, espacés les uns par rapport aux autres en direction de la fente d'antenne (6) dans chaque fente d'antenne.
  10. Antenne selon la revendication 9, caractérisée en ce que les émetteurs rayonnants (7, 9) à double polarisation dans les fentes d'antennes (6) individuelles d'une antenne sectorielle (5) sont disposés dans une même position en hauteur.
  11. Antenne selon la revendication 9 ou 10, caractérisé en ce que la distance des fentes d'antenne (6) se situe entre 0,65 λ et 0,75 λ, où λ est la fréquence de fonctionnement moyenne pour la bande de fréquence la plus faible.
  12. Antenne selon l'une des revendications 9 à 11, caractérisée en ce que chaque antenne sectorielle (5) est disposée symétriquement par rapport à l'axe central (1) avec au moins les deux fentes d'antennes (6).
  13. Antenne selon l'une des revendications 9 à 11, caractérisée en ce que les antennes sectorielles (5) sont disposées de telle manière qu'une fente d'antenne (6) est positionnée respectivement symétriquement par rapport à l'axe central (1), par contre, au moins une autre fente d'antenne (6) se situe de manière radiale par rapport à celle-ci, décalée latéralement ou perpendiculairement par rapport à l'axe central (1).
  14. Antenne selon l'une des revendications 1 à 13, caractérisée en ce que plusieurs émetteurs rayonnants (7, 9) à double polarisation disposés dans une ou dans diverses fentes d'antenne (6) peuvent fonctionner en tant qu'antennes MIMO.
  15. Antenne selon l'une des revendications 1 à 14, caractérisée en ce que les émetteurs rayonnants (7, 9) à double polarisation sont monobandes, à double bande ou multibandes.
EP13789186.7A 2012-12-06 2013-11-07 Antenne omnidirectionnelle à double polarité Active EP2929589B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102012023938.6A DE102012023938A1 (de) 2012-12-06 2012-12-06 Dualpolarisierte, omnidirektionale Antenne
PCT/EP2013/003355 WO2014086452A1 (fr) 2012-12-06 2013-11-07 Antenne omnidirectionnelle à double polarité

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EP2929589A1 EP2929589A1 (fr) 2015-10-14
EP2929589B1 true EP2929589B1 (fr) 2018-09-05

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JP (1) JP6014774B2 (fr)
KR (1) KR101672502B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN105379006B (fr)
DE (1) DE102012023938A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2014086452A1 (fr)

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Publication number Publication date
WO2014086452A1 (fr) 2014-06-12
CN105379006A (zh) 2016-03-02
JP6014774B2 (ja) 2016-10-25
CN105379006B (zh) 2018-07-06
KR101672502B1 (ko) 2016-11-04
KR20150093680A (ko) 2015-08-18
EP2929589A1 (fr) 2015-10-14
JP2016504843A (ja) 2016-02-12
DE102012023938A1 (de) 2014-06-12

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