EP1529893B1 - Method of manufacturing a building panel - Google Patents
Method of manufacturing a building panel Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1529893B1 EP1529893B1 EP20040021489 EP04021489A EP1529893B1 EP 1529893 B1 EP1529893 B1 EP 1529893B1 EP 20040021489 EP20040021489 EP 20040021489 EP 04021489 A EP04021489 A EP 04021489A EP 1529893 B1 EP1529893 B1 EP 1529893B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- concrete
- lattice girders
- semi
- finished product
- manufacturing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
- E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
- E04C2/04—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of concrete or other stone-like material; of asbestos cement; of cement and other mineral fibres
- E04C2/049—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of concrete or other stone-like material; of asbestos cement; of cement and other mineral fibres completely or partially of insulating material, e.g. cellular concrete or foamed plaster
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
- E04B5/02—Load-carrying floor structures formed substantially of prefabricated units
- E04B5/04—Load-carrying floor structures formed substantially of prefabricated units with beams or slabs of concrete or other stone-like material, e.g. asbestos cement
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
- E04B5/16—Load-carrying floor structures wholly or partly cast or similarly formed in situ
- E04B5/32—Floor structures wholly cast in situ with or without form units or reinforcements
- E04B5/36—Floor structures wholly cast in situ with or without form units or reinforcements with form units as part of the floor
- E04B5/38—Floor structures wholly cast in situ with or without form units or reinforcements with form units as part of the floor with slab-shaped form units acting simultaneously as reinforcement; Form slabs with reinforcements extending laterally outside the element
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
- E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
- E04C2/04—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of concrete or other stone-like material; of asbestos cement; of cement and other mineral fibres
- E04C2/044—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of concrete or other stone-like material; of asbestos cement; of cement and other mineral fibres of concrete
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
- E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
- E04C2/04—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of concrete or other stone-like material; of asbestos cement; of cement and other mineral fibres
- E04C2/06—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of concrete or other stone-like material; of asbestos cement; of cement and other mineral fibres reinforced
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
- E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
- E04C2/26—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups
- E04C2/284—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups at least one of the materials being insulating
- E04C2/288—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups at least one of the materials being insulating composed of insulating material and concrete, stone or stone-like material
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
- E04C2/44—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the purpose
- E04C2/52—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the purpose with special adaptations for auxiliary purposes, e.g. serving for locating conduits
- E04C2/521—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the purpose with special adaptations for auxiliary purposes, e.g. serving for locating conduits serving for locating conduits; for ventilating, heating or cooling
- E04C2/525—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the purpose with special adaptations for auxiliary purposes, e.g. serving for locating conduits serving for locating conduits; for ventilating, heating or cooling for heating or cooling
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
- E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
- E04C2/04—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of concrete or other stone-like material; of asbestos cement; of cement and other mineral fibres
- E04C2/044—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of concrete or other stone-like material; of asbestos cement; of cement and other mineral fibres of concrete
- E04C2002/045—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of concrete or other stone-like material; of asbestos cement; of cement and other mineral fibres of concrete with two parallel leaves connected by tie anchors
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for producing a board for building technology using a prefabricated semi-finished product.
- Reinforced concrete ceilings are subject to considerable requirements due to building regulations, standards and technical rules. The most important here are a high load-bearing capacity according to the structural requirements, a high fire resistance, soundproofing measures for the suppression of airborne and impact sound as well as a high level of thermal insulation. Further requirements, which concern more production-technical, assembly-technical and economical aspects, are the production of the reinforced concrete ceiling in an economical production procedure and a low material use. Furthermore, in the event that prefabricated ceiling elements are used as prefabricated components, the transport weight of the ceiling elements should be low in order to be able to economically transport these ceiling elements from the factory to the construction site. The ceiling elements were intended to enable technically simple and cost-effective installation on the site of a reinforced concrete floor. Furthermore, the ceiling elements should be flexible for different types of buildings.
- Thermal insulation has become one of the most important criteria for ceiling systems due to the 1995 Heat Protection Ordinance and the forthcoming Energy Saving Ordinance, as well as the general wish of building owners for energy saving.
- the aim is generally to exceed the heat protection values specified in the Heat Insulation Ordinance.
- a high technical effort is operated in previous ceiling systems. This effort is mainly incurred at the construction site and thus contradicts the technical trend for factory prefabrication. Thermal protection measures on site also represent a significant economic disadvantage.
- the prefabricated component is transported in this form to the construction site and used there as a ceiling element.
- These ceiling elements can be made as prefabricated large-sized and are mounted on a construction site.
- a circumferential annular belt reinforcement is required, which is provided along the circumference of a plurality of ceiling elements.
- connecting elements are arranged so that adjacent ceiling elements are well connected with each other. Concreting work is no longer required on the construction site.
- a disadvantage is the relatively high weight of the prefabricated component and the required assembly and connection measures for connecting several prefabricated components on the construction site.
- a reinforcing body for a ceiling slab which comprises an upper and a lower concrete slab.
- displacement bodies for example made of polyurethane, are arranged at predetermined distances from one another. These displacement bodies are used exclusively to save concrete in the finished ceiling slab and thus to reduce their weight. Due to the spacing of the displacement body from each other arise rib cavities that are filled in the production of the ceiling slab with concrete and thus form stiffening ribs for the ceiling plate according to the static requirements. These with concrete filled rib cavities form strong heat-conducting bridges between the upper concrete disc and the lower concrete disc, so that thermal insulation does not take place.
- This object is achieved for a method for producing a board for construction by an edge formwork is erected on the smooth surface of a steel plate and lattice girders are arranged within the edge formwork.
- a lower sheet of reinforced concrete is made, with only a lower portion of the lattice girders wrapped in concrete and a longer upper portion of the lattice girders protruding from the concrete.
- insulating material is placed above the concrete layer.
- the semi-finished product thus produced is transported in this state to a construction site.
- in-situ concrete is applied to the semifinished product to a level above the lattice girder, whereby an upper disc made of reinforced concrete is produced. Subsequently, the in-situ concrete is cured.
- the manufacturing steps are cleverly divided.
- a lower concrete disc is manufactured with an insulating layer, so that all economic and technical advantages of a manufacturing plant can be used.
- standard dimensions can be used and made in stock.
- the semifinished product thus produced has a relatively low weight and can be easily transported.
- the semi-finished product is then assembled and the final concreting process takes place, with the upper concrete pane being produced.
- specific requirements for the house to be built can be taken into account for the upper concrete pane, for example special recesses, connecting elements, shafts, connections and lines.
- the upstanding lattice girders are provided on the construction site with an additional reinforcement made of steel.
- This additional reinforcement can be dimensioned so that it also covers adjacent semi-finished products.
- a ring belt reinforcement on the circumference of the various plates can be dispensed with.
- FIG. 1 schematically shows the structure of a prefabricated ceiling element as a prefabricated component.
- the conventional ceiling element comprises a reinforced concrete sheet 10 and a reinforced concrete upper sheet 12.
- end portions of lattice girders 14 are embedded in concrete, ie the longitudinal bars 15a and cross bars 15b and associated welded strut nodes 15c are completely embedded in concrete.
- Both the lower disc 10 and the upper disc 12 are reinforced by crosswise arranged round steels, some of which are exemplified by 15a, 15b.
- the cavity 16 between the two panes 10, 12 is filled during production polyurethane-local foam, which hardens.
- the cavity 16 is completely filled with polyurethane.
- the lattice girders 14 form thermal bridges between the two panes 10, 12, due to the small cross-sections of the lattice girders 14, the heat flow between the two panes 10, 12 is relatively low, so that the polyurethane layer as a heat-insulating layer is fully effective. In this way, a high thermal insulation is achieved.
- Both the lower disc 10 and the upper disc 12 are reinforced by round steel 15a, 15b, which help fulfill the structural requirements for a ceiling as longitudinal reinforcement and as transverse reinforcement.
- FIG. 2 shows an example of a ceiling element according to the invention. Same parts as in FIG. 1 are the same.
- the lower concrete slab 10 contains concrete that envelops the lower portions of the lattice girders 14 and gives strength to the semi-finished product after the concrete has set.
- the lattice girders 14 project out of the concrete 10 with a longer upper section.
- semi-finished insulating material 16 is disposed above the concrete layer 10, for example by polyurethane foam filled and cured. From the semifinished product so produced still protrude the upper end portions of the lattice girders 14.
- These lattice girders 14 may be provided in the upper portion with a reinforcement 15a, 15b.
- the lattice girders 14 each include a top chord 14a, two bottom chords 14b and two lateral diagonals 14c connecting top chord 14a and bottom chord 14b on each side. At least one diagonal 14c, preferably both diagonals 14c, is made of corrosion-resistant stainless steel, e.g. VA steel. As a result, the corrosion resistance is ensured because there is no corrosion protection in the polyurethane insulating layer 16.
- FIG. 3 shows another ceiling element, as it has been completed on site by filling with in-situ concrete and forming the upper concrete slab.
- a special feature here is that in the finished components factory on the end portions of the lattice girder 14 and on a reinforcement, indicated by a transverse bar 20, heating cables 22 a floor heating are arranged. The semi-finished product thus produced is transported to the construction site in this state.
- the upper concrete slab 12 is produced on site by applying in situ concrete, wherein self-compacting concrete is preferably used as in-situ concrete.
- Such a self-compacting concrete is very fluid and forms a very smooth surface, so that on the surface of the upper concrete pane directly a floor covering, such as tiles, carpeting, parquet or plastic floor, can be applied.
- the cured polyurethane 16 has sufficient stability to support the weight of the applied in-situ concrete. Further details in connection with the heating cables 22 are the patent application EP 02 026 013.9 the same applicant, which is hereby incorporated by reference in the disclosure of the present patent application. It is also possible to install the heating cables 22 only on the site, with local structural conditions can be considered.
- FIG. 4 shows the process for making a ceiling or plate in the form of a flow chart.
- a steel pallet of a pallet circulation system is provided in a prefabricated factory.
- an edge formwork is erected on the smooth surface of the steel pallet.
- lattice girders and possibly the lower reinforcement are arranged and connected to each other within the edge formwork.
- step S4 concrete is poured into the edge formwork, so that the lower end portions of the lattice girders and the lower reinforcement are embedded in concrete.
- step S5 the pallet is conveyed to a drying oven and the concrete is cured.
- the lower disc made of reinforced concrete for the semi-finished product is completed.
- insulating material is applied to the cured concrete. This can be done in the form of polyurethane foam, which is then cured. Alternatively, insulating material can be applied in a plate form, which has sufficient stability for receiving the in-situ concrete.
- step S7 the semi-finished product thus produced is transported in this state to a construction site.
- the transport of the semifinished product is facilitated because it has a relatively low weight. This means that possibly also a larger format can be used for the semi-finished product.
- step S8 the semi-finished product is mounted on the construction site as part of a ceiling, wherein an additional reinforcement is applied to the free upper sections of the lattice girders for increasing the stability.
- This additional reinforcement can be dimensioned so that it covers adjacent semi-finished products as parts of the entire ceiling, so that in the subsequent concreting these semi-finished products are rigidly interconnected.
- recesses can be provided, or it can be formed duct shafts.
- step S9 in situ concrete is applied to the insulating material and the upper concrete disc is formed.
- the upper concrete disc is formed.
- self-compacting concrete is used which forms a smooth surface. This is followed by a drying process in which the upper concrete disc dries.
- step S6 optional heating cables for underfloor heating can be attached to the lattice girders in the factory.
- an upper reinforcement can be inserted.
- such an upper reinforcement serves as a carrier plane for the fixation of the heating cables.
- the described method can be used to produce a floor covering or a basement ceiling.
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- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Platte für die Bautechnik unter Verwendung eines vorgefertigten Halbfabrikats.The invention relates to a method for producing a board for building technology using a prefabricated semi-finished product.
An Stahlbetondecken werden aufgrund von Bauvorschriften, Normen und technischen Regeln erhebliche Anforderungen gestellt. Die wichtigsten hierbei sind eine hohe Tragfähigkeit gemäß den baustatischen Erfordernissen, eine hohe Brandbeständigkeit, Schallschutzmaßnahmen zur Unterdrückung von Luftschall und Trittschall sowie eine hohe Wärmedämmung. Weitere Anforderungen, die mehr produktionstechnische, montagetechnische und wirtschaftliche Aspekte betreffen, sind die Herstellung der Stahlbetondecke in einem wirtschaftlichen Produktionsverfahren und ein geringer Materialeinsatz. Weiterhin sollte für den Fall, daß vorgefertigte Deckenelemente als Fertigbauteile verwendet werden, das Transportgewicht der Deckenelemente niedrig sein, um diese Deckenelemente vom Herstellbetrieb zur Baustelle wirtschaftlich transportieren zu können. Die Deckenelemente sollten auf der Baustelle eine technisch einfache und wirtschaftliche Montage zu einer Stahlbetondecke ermöglichen. Ferner sollten die Deckenelemente flexibel für unterschiedliche Typen von Gebäuden einsetzbar sein.Reinforced concrete ceilings are subject to considerable requirements due to building regulations, standards and technical rules. The most important here are a high load-bearing capacity according to the structural requirements, a high fire resistance, soundproofing measures for the suppression of airborne and impact sound as well as a high level of thermal insulation. Further requirements, which concern more production-technical, assembly-technical and economical aspects, are the production of the reinforced concrete ceiling in an economical production procedure and a low material use. Furthermore, in the event that prefabricated ceiling elements are used as prefabricated components, the transport weight of the ceiling elements should be low in order to be able to economically transport these ceiling elements from the factory to the construction site. The ceiling elements were intended to enable technically simple and cost-effective installation on the site of a reinforced concrete floor. Furthermore, the ceiling elements should be flexible for different types of buildings.
Aufgrund der Wärmeschutzverordnung aus dem Jahr 1995 und der kommenden Energieeinsparungs-Verordnung sowie dem allgemeinem Wunsch von Gebäudebesitzern nach Energieeinsparung ist die Wärmedämmung zu einem der wichtigsten Kriterien für Deckensysteme geworden. Ziel ist es allgemein, die in der Wärmeschutzverordnung festgelegten Wärmeschutzwerte zu übertreffen. Um dies zu erreichen, wird bei bisherigen Deckensystemen ein hoher technischer Aufwand betrieben. Dieser Aufwand fällt vorwiegend auf der Baustelle an und widerspricht damit dem technischen Trend zur werkseitigen Vorfertigung. Wärmeschutztechnische Maßnahmen stellen vor Ort außerdem einen erheblichen wirtschaftlichen Nachteil dar.Thermal insulation has become one of the most important criteria for ceiling systems due to the 1995 Heat Protection Ordinance and the forthcoming Energy Saving Ordinance, as well as the general wish of building owners for energy saving. The aim is generally to exceed the heat protection values specified in the Heat Insulation Ordinance. To achieve this, a high technical effort is operated in previous ceiling systems. This effort is mainly incurred at the construction site and thus contradicts the technical trend for factory prefabrication. Thermal protection measures on site also represent a significant economic disadvantage.
Aus der
In der
In der
Es ist Aufgabe der Erfindung, ein Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Platte für die Bautechnik anzugeben, das hohe technische Anforderungen erfüllt, den Gesamtprozeß bei der Herstellung vereinfacht und eine hohe Wirtschaftlichkeit hat. Diese Aufgabe wird für ein Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Platte für die Bautechnik gelöst, indem auf der glatten Oberfläche einer Stahlplatte eine Randschalung errichtet wird und innerhalb der Randschalung Gitterträger angeordnet werden. Durch Einfüllen von Beton in die Randschalung und Aushärten wird eine untere Scheibe aus Stahlbeton gefertigt, wobei nur ein unterer Abschnitt der Gitterträger von Beton umhüllt ist und ein längerer oberer Abschnitt der Gitterträger aus dem Beton herausragt. In einem nächsten Schritt wird oberhalb der Betonschicht Dämmmaterial angeordnet. Das so hergestellte Halbfabrikat wird in diesem Zustand zu einer Baustelle transportiert. Auf der Baustelle wird auf das Halbfabrikat Ortbeton bis zu einem Pegel oberhalb der Gitterträger aufgebracht, wodurch eine obere Scheibe aus Stahlbeton gefertigt wird. Anschließend wird der Ortbeton ausgehärtet.It is an object of the invention to provide a method for producing a board for construction, which meets high technical requirements, simplifies the overall process in the production and has a high efficiency. This object is achieved for a method for producing a board for construction by an edge formwork is erected on the smooth surface of a steel plate and lattice girders are arranged within the edge formwork. By pouring concrete into the edge formwork and hardening, a lower sheet of reinforced concrete is made, with only a lower portion of the lattice girders wrapped in concrete and a longer upper portion of the lattice girders protruding from the concrete. In a next step, insulating material is placed above the concrete layer. The semi-finished product thus produced is transported in this state to a construction site. At the construction site, in-situ concrete is applied to the semifinished product to a level above the lattice girder, whereby an upper disc made of reinforced concrete is produced. Subsequently, the in-situ concrete is cured.
Bei dem Verfahren nach der Erfindung werden die Herstellschritte geschickt aufgeteilt. In der Fabrik zum Herstellen von Fertigbauteilen wird eine untere Betonscheibe mit einer Dämmschicht gefertigt, so dass sämtliche wirtschaftlichen und technischen Vorteile einer Fertigungsanlage genutzt werden können. Beispielsweise können Standardmaße verwendet werden und auf Vorrat gefertigt werden. Das so gefertigte Halbfabrikat hat ein relativ geringes Gewicht und kann leicht transportiert werden. Auf der Baustelle wird dann das Halbfabrikat montiert und der abschließende Betonierprozeß erfolgt, wobei die obere Betonscheibe gefertigt wird. Bei diesem abschließenden Betonierschritt auf der Baustelle können für die obere Betonscheibe spezifische Anforderungen für das zu bauende Haus berücksichtigt werden, beispielsweise spezielle Ausnehmungen, Verbindungselemente, Schächte, Anschlüsse und Leitungen. Diese spezifischen Ausgestaltungen wären bei einer Fertigung der oberen Betonscheibe im Fertigbauteile-Werk relativ problematisch und es könnten nur kleine Stückzahlen für bestimmte Varianten hergestellt werden. Gemäß der Erfindung wird somit einerseits erreicht, dass die Vorfertigung mit Halbfabrikaten mit einem relativ hohen Automatisierungsgrad erfolgen kann. Andererseits können vor Ort noch spezifische Ausgestaltungen der Platte bei der Ausbildung der oberen Betonscheibe ohne großen Aufwand berücksichtigt werden. Die weiter oben genannten technischen Anforderungen an die Platte, z.B. in Form einer Etagendecke oder einer Kellerdecke, werden erfüllt.In the method according to the invention, the manufacturing steps are cleverly divided. In the factory for the manufacture of prefabricated components, a lower concrete disc is manufactured with an insulating layer, so that all economic and technical advantages of a manufacturing plant can be used. For example, standard dimensions can be used and made in stock. The semifinished product thus produced has a relatively low weight and can be easily transported. On the construction site, the semi-finished product is then assembled and the final concreting process takes place, with the upper concrete pane being produced. In this final concreting step on the construction site specific requirements for the house to be built can be taken into account for the upper concrete pane, for example special recesses, connecting elements, shafts, connections and lines. These specific embodiments would be relatively problematic in a production of the upper concrete slab prefabricated factory and only small quantities could be produced for certain variants. According to the invention, on the one hand, it is thus achieved that the prefabrication can take place with semifinished products with a relatively high degree of automation. On the other hand, specific designs of the plate can be taken into account in the formation of the upper concrete disc without great effort on site. The above-mentioned technical requirements for the plate, for example in the form of a floor covering or basement ceiling, are met.
Gemäß einem bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung werden die nach oben herausragenden Gitterträger auf der Baustelle mit einer Zusatzbewehrung aus Stahl versehen. Diese Zusatzbewehrung kann so dimensioniert sein, dass sie auch benachbarte Halbfabrikate mit überdeckt. Beim Betonieren der oberen Betonscheibe werden somit benachbarte Halbfabrikate miteinander fest verbunden, so dass spezielle Verbindungselemente zwischen benachbarten Platten nicht erforderlich sind. Beispielsweise kann bei mehreren Platten oder Halbfabrikaten eine Ringgurtbewehrung am Umfang der verschiedenen Platten entfallen.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the upstanding lattice girders are provided on the construction site with an additional reinforcement made of steel. This additional reinforcement can be dimensioned so that it also covers adjacent semi-finished products. When concreting the upper concrete disc thus adjacent semi-finished products are firmly connected together, so that special fasteners between adjacent plates are not required. For example, in the case of several plates or semi-finished products, a ring belt reinforcement on the circumference of the various plates can be dispensed with.
Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung werden im folgenden anhand der Zeichnung erläutert. Darin zeigt:
- Figur 1
- einen Querschnitt durch ein Deckenelement herkömmlicher Art mit zwei ausgehärteten Betonscheiben,
- Figur 2
- ein Fertigbauteil mit nur einer unteren Betonscheibe,
Figur 3- ein nach der Erfindung hergestelltes Deckenelement mit in der oberen Betonscheibe integrierten Heizelementen, und
- Figur 4
- das Herstellverfahren zum Herstellen des Fertigbauteils als Halbfabrikat und zum Herstellen einer Decke.
- FIG. 1
- a cross section through a ceiling element of conventional type with two hardened concrete slices,
- FIG. 2
- a prefabricated component with only one lower concrete disc,
- FIG. 3
- a ceiling element produced according to the invention with integrated in the upper concrete disc heating elements, and
- FIG. 4
- the manufacturing method for producing the prefabricated component as a semi-finished product and for producing a blanket.
Die Gitterträger 14 umfassen jeweils einen Obergurt 14a, zwei Untergurte 14b und zwei seitliche Diagonalen 14c, die auf jeder Seite Obergurt 14a und Untergurt 14b verbinden. Mindestens eine Diagonale 14c, vorzugsweise beide Diagonalen 14c, besteht aus korrosionsfreiem Edelstahl, z.B. VA-Stahl. Hierdurch wird die Korrosionsbeständigkeit gewährleistet, da in der Polyurethan-Dämmschicht 16 kein Korrosionsschutz besteht.The
Im Schritt S4 wird in die Randschalung Beton eingefüllt, so dass die unteren Endabschnitte der Gitterträger und die untere Bewehrung in Beton eingebettet sind. Im nächsten Schritt S5 wird die Palette in einen Trockenofen gefördert und der Beton ausgehärtet. Somit ist die untere Scheibe aus Stahlbeton für das Halbfabrikat fertiggestellt.In step S4 concrete is poured into the edge formwork, so that the lower end portions of the lattice girders and the lower reinforcement are embedded in concrete. In the next step S5, the pallet is conveyed to a drying oven and the concrete is cured. Thus, the lower disc made of reinforced concrete for the semi-finished product is completed.
Im nächsten Schritt S6 wird auf den ausgehärteten Beton Dämmmaterial aufgebracht. Dies kann in Form von Polyurethan-Schaum erfolgen, der anschließend ausgehärtet wird. Alternativ kann auch Dämmmaterial in Plattenform aufgebracht werden, das ausreichende Stabilität zur Aufnahme des Ortbeton hat.In the next step S6 insulating material is applied to the cured concrete. This can be done in the form of polyurethane foam, which is then cured. Alternatively, insulating material can be applied in a plate form, which has sufficient stability for receiving the in-situ concrete.
Im Schritt S7 wird das so hergestellte Halbfabrikat in diesem Zustand zu einer Baustelle transportiert. Der Transport des Halbfabrikats ist erleichtert, da es ein relativ geringes Gewicht hat. Dies bedeutet, dass gegebenenfalls auch ein größeres Format für das Halbfabrikat verwendet kann.In step S7, the semi-finished product thus produced is transported in this state to a construction site. The transport of the semifinished product is facilitated because it has a relatively low weight. This means that possibly also a larger format can be used for the semi-finished product.
Im Schritt S8 wird auf der Baustelle das Halbfabrikat als Teil einer Decke montiert, wobei auf die freien oberen Abschnitte der Gitterträger eine Zusatzbewehrung zur Erhöhung der Stabilität aufgebracht wird. Diese Zusatzbewehrung kann so dimensioniert sein, dass sie benachbarte Halbfabrikate als Teile der gesamten Decke mit überdeckt, so dass bei der späteren Betonierung diese Halbfabrikate untereinander starr verbunden werden. Weiterhin können bei dieser Montage lokale Gegebenheiten der Architektur des Gebäudes berücksichtigt werden, beispielsweise Ausnehmungen können vorgesehen werden, oder es können Leitungsschächte ausgebildet werden.In step S8, the semi-finished product is mounted on the construction site as part of a ceiling, wherein an additional reinforcement is applied to the free upper sections of the lattice girders for increasing the stability. This additional reinforcement can be dimensioned so that it covers adjacent semi-finished products as parts of the entire ceiling, so that in the subsequent concreting these semi-finished products are rigidly interconnected. Furthermore, in this assembly local Given the circumstances of the architecture of the building, for example, recesses can be provided, or it can be formed duct shafts.
Im nachfolgenden Schritt S9 wird auf das Dämmmaterial Ortbeton aufgebracht und die obere Betonscheibe ausgebildet. Vorzugsweise wird selbstverdichtender Beton verwendet, der eine glatte Oberfläche ausbildet. Anschließend erfolgt ein Trockenprozeß, bei dem die obere Betonscheibe trocknet.In the following step S9, in situ concrete is applied to the insulating material and the upper concrete disc is formed. Preferably, self-compacting concrete is used which forms a smooth surface. This is followed by a drying process in which the upper concrete disc dries.
Vor dem Schritt S6 können optional auf die Gitterträger Heizleitungen für eine Fußbodenheizung im Werk befestigt werden. Außerdem kann eine obere Bewehrung eingelegt werden. Vorzugsweise dient eine solche obere Bewehrung als Trägerebene für die Fixierung der Heizleitungen.Before step S6, optional heating cables for underfloor heating can be attached to the lattice girders in the factory. In addition, an upper reinforcement can be inserted. Preferably, such an upper reinforcement serves as a carrier plane for the fixation of the heating cables.
Das beschriebene Verfahren kann zum Herstellen einer Etagendecke oder einer Kellerdecke verwendet werden.The described method can be used to produce a floor covering or a basement ceiling.
Claims (12)
- A method of manufacturing a plate for the construction technology,
in which on the smooth surface of a steel plate a peripheral formwork is erected,
within the peripheral formwork, lattice girders (14) are arranged,
by pouring concrete into the peripheral formwork and by curing, a lower disk (10) of reinforced concrete is manufactured, wherein only a lower portion of the lattice girders (14) is covered with concrete and a longer upper portion of the lattice girders (14) projects from the concrete,
above the concrete layer, an insulating material (16) is arranged,
the semi-finished product manufactured in this way, is transported in this state to a building site,
at the building site, in-situ concrete is applied to the semi-finished product up to a level above the lattice girders (14),
and in which the in-situ concrete is cured, the space between the lower disk (10) and an upper disk (12) made of in-situ concrete is completely filled with insulating material (16). - The method according to claim 1, characterized in that as an insulating material (16) polyurethane is used.
- The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that after concreting and curing of the lower concrete disk (10), polyurethane foam is applied thereto and is cured.
- The method according to one of the preceding claims, in which the lattice girders (14) are provided in the lower region with a reinforcement (15a, 15b) of steel for manufacturing the semi-finished product.
- The method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the lattice girders (14) are provided in the upper region with a reinforcement (15a, 15b) of steel at the building site.
- The method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that self-compacting concrete is used as in-situ concrete.
- The method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that when the semi-finished product is manufactured, heating lines (22) for an underfloor heating are mounted above the lattice girders (14).
- The method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that to the surface of the upper concrete layer (12) a floor covering is directly applied.
- The method according to claim 8, characterized in that tiles, carpeting, parquet floor or plastic floor is used as a floor covering.
- The method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the semi-finished product is manufactured in a pallet circulation system.
- The method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is used for manufacturing an intermediate floor or for manufacturing a basement ceiling.
- The method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one diagonal strut (14c) of the lattice girders (14) is made of stainless steel.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP14159343.4A EP2749704B1 (en) | 2003-09-10 | 2004-09-09 | Ceiling element as semi-finished product and associated method of manufacture |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE10341761 | 2003-09-10 | ||
DE2003141761 DE10341761A1 (en) | 2003-09-10 | 2003-09-10 | Method for producing a slab to serve as a building element involves production of a reinforced concrete base plate with an insulation layer, transport of this plate, and completion of the slab with site concrete |
Related Child Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP14159343.4A Division EP2749704B1 (en) | 2003-09-10 | 2004-09-09 | Ceiling element as semi-finished product and associated method of manufacture |
EP14159343.4A Division-Into EP2749704B1 (en) | 2003-09-10 | 2004-09-09 | Ceiling element as semi-finished product and associated method of manufacture |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1529893A2 EP1529893A2 (en) | 2005-05-11 |
EP1529893A3 EP1529893A3 (en) | 2006-06-07 |
EP1529893B1 true EP1529893B1 (en) | 2014-12-03 |
Family
ID=34352785
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP20040021489 Not-in-force EP1529893B1 (en) | 2003-09-10 | 2004-09-09 | Method of manufacturing a building panel |
EP14159343.4A Not-in-force EP2749704B1 (en) | 2003-09-10 | 2004-09-09 | Ceiling element as semi-finished product and associated method of manufacture |
Family Applications After (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP14159343.4A Not-in-force EP2749704B1 (en) | 2003-09-10 | 2004-09-09 | Ceiling element as semi-finished product and associated method of manufacture |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
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EP (2) | EP1529893B1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE10341761A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
ITPD20050263A1 (en) * | 2005-09-13 | 2007-03-14 | American Entpr Srl | PREFABRICATED FLOOR PANEL EQUIPPED WITH USE OF LIGHTENED MATERIAL |
SE0502666L (en) * | 2005-12-06 | 2007-06-05 | Skanska Sverige Ab | Floor Concrete device |
DE102009005577A1 (en) * | 2009-01-21 | 2010-07-29 | Thomas Friedrich | Thermoactive precast panel with integrated functional panel |
WO2014019015A1 (en) * | 2012-08-02 | 2014-02-06 | L. & A. Fazzini Manufacturing Pty Ltd | Improved mesh, mesh panels, composite building elements and method of reinforcing and articles reinforced by the method, duct and riser walls and methods for their construction |
CN103526869B (en) * | 2013-10-31 | 2016-04-20 | 谢冰川 | A kind of light filling core mold structure and manufacture method thereof |
WO2016041559A1 (en) * | 2014-09-15 | 2016-03-24 | Thörngren Pontus Petter | A building wall and a method for manufacture |
CN106569384A (en) * | 2016-11-10 | 2017-04-19 | 上海海勃膜结构有限公司 | Seamless spherical screen capable of providing large-span interior architectural space and preparation process thereof |
US11085186B2 (en) * | 2017-07-04 | 2021-08-10 | Shandong University | Thermal-insulated exterior wall boards, dedicated molds and making methods thereof |
CN109857031A (en) * | 2019-02-26 | 2019-06-07 | 桂林电子科技大学 | A kind of concrete for making control system and its control method based on BDS chip |
CN112095878B (en) * | 2020-07-31 | 2021-11-12 | 浙江鸿翔远大建筑科技有限公司 | Anti-leakage high-strength prefabricated floor slab |
CN113246264A (en) * | 2021-05-10 | 2021-08-13 | 贵州凯得利建材有限公司 | Production process of aerated brick with compression-resistant supporting structure on surface |
DE102021125449A1 (en) | 2021-09-30 | 2023-04-13 | Fixit Trockenmörtel Holding AG | PROCESS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF A CORE-INSULATED PRECAST CONCRETE PART AND A CORE-INSULATED PRECAST CONCRETE PART |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
SE413422B (en) * | 1978-04-24 | 1980-05-27 | Oestgoeta Byggen Ab | ARMED BUILDING PURPOSE BASED PROCEDURE FOR THE SAME PRODUCTION AND FORMING MACHINE FOR THE MANUFACTURING OF THE SAME |
JPS61264816A (en) | 1985-05-17 | 1986-11-22 | Kawamura Denki Sangyo Kk | Optical pulse reception circuit |
AT396274B (en) * | 1991-04-23 | 1993-07-26 | Avi Alpenlaendische Vered | REINFORCEMENT BODY FOR A CEILING PANEL |
DE29921645U1 (en) | 1999-12-09 | 2000-02-17 | Schwörer Haus KG, 72531 Hohenstein | Prefabricated ceiling element with foamed polyurethane |
DE10040643C1 (en) * | 2000-08-19 | 2001-11-08 | Hewing Gmbh | Pipe-laying mat consists of wire mesh, containing recesses and protuberances, and ridged recess-bottoms |
-
2003
- 2003-09-10 DE DE2003141761 patent/DE10341761A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2004
- 2004-09-09 EP EP20040021489 patent/EP1529893B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2004-09-09 EP EP14159343.4A patent/EP2749704B1/en not_active Not-in-force
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP2749704B1 (en) | 2016-03-02 |
EP1529893A3 (en) | 2006-06-07 |
EP2749704A2 (en) | 2014-07-02 |
DE10341761A1 (en) | 2005-04-21 |
EP2749704A3 (en) | 2014-09-10 |
EP1529893A2 (en) | 2005-05-11 |
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