EP1526194A2 - Spinning machine comprising a condensing device - Google Patents

Abstract

The spinning machine has a multi-stage sliver drawing unit (13), with a mechanical condenser (45) between the upper rollers (26,27) at the outlet end with the large lower roller (25). The condenser bonds the sliver fibers together before being twisted by the spinner. The condenser surface carries ribs or burrs, and it is of a magnetic material to be held against the lower roller.

Description

The invention is concerned with the spinning of yarn or threads during compression the fiber flow just prior to the imparting of the rotation, i. with the so-called Compaction spiders. There are in particular new components or assemblies proposed for use in a compaction spinning process. The invention comprises a method, a spinning machine, assemblies of such a machine and components thereof, in particular spare parts or retrofit parts, regardless of whether expressly claimed below or not.

State of the art

Compaction spinning, also called compact spinning, is now part of the business or further development of ring spinning, to the basic knowledge of the expert - see e.g. Melliand Textile Reports 1-2 / 2003, page 40 "Uster Statistics for compact yarns". The Procedure is not fundamentally limited to ring spinning, but so far only been practically introduced in this area. The problem is the effort to Creating an optimal product. Therefore, ways are sought to at least to achieve a partial result with reduced effort. In particular, it is investigated whether it is "mechanical" without the creation of additional pneumatic compression forces, can cause a certain compaction effect.

The concept of mechanical compression is also known in principle in the patent literature - e.g. from DE-C-3841346 (ring spinning) and DE-C-3741431 (funnel or bell spinning). However, these known systems require a new drafting system construction. Further searching for even easier options. A suitable one Approach can be found in Russian Patent No. 160973 (published on 26. February 1964) - but the details of a practicable solution are missing.

Fig. 1

einen schematischen Querschnitt durch eine Spinnmaschine mit einer pneumatischen Verdichtungseinrichtung zum Verdichten eines Faserverbandes;

Fig. 2

eine Ausführung des Verdichtungselementes gemäss DE 10051410 A;

Fig. 3

eine Kopie der Fig. 1 aus der russischen Patentschrift Nr. 160973;

Fig. 4

eine Kopie der Fig. 5 aus der gleichen russischen Patentschrift;

Fig. 5

eine schematische Darstellung einer Ausführung der vorliegenden Erfindung, wobei diese Ausführung durch das Kombinieren von Merkmalen aus den Fig. 2 und 3 gebildet wird;

Fig. 6

eine Kopie der Fig. 1 aus US 6,434,923;

Fig. 7

eine Kopie der Fig. 2 aus der US Schrift;

Fig. 8

eine schematische Darstellung bestimmter Teile einer Ausführung der vorliegenden Erfindung, wobei diese Ausführung durch das Kombinieren von Merkmalen aus den Fig. 3 und 6 gebildet wird;

Fig. 9

eine schematische Darstellung der Ausführung gemäss der Fig. 8 von oben (in Richtung des Pfeils P, Fig. 8) betrachtet, wobei auch andere Elemente gezeigt sind;

Fig. 10

eine schematische Darstellung einer Halterung für den Verdichter in der Fig. 9;

Fig. 11

einen Schnitt in der Ebene II-II der Figur 10, wobei die Fig. 11a und 11 b mögliche Alternativen zeigen;

Fig. 12

eine Kopie der Fig. 4 aus DE-A-4230316 mit schematischen Ergänzungen zum Anpassen an der vorliegenden Erfindung, und

Fig. 13

eine Kopie der Fig. 1 aus DE-A-4230314.

The invention is intended to remedy this situation. The principles of the invention have been set forth in the claims, wherein additions are described below with reference to exemplary embodiments. By way of example, examples of the known pneumatic compression devices are shown and explained. Show it:

Fig. 1

a schematic cross section through a spinning machine with a pneumatic compression device for compacting a fiber strand;

Fig. 2

an embodiment of the compression element according to DE 10051410 A;

Fig. 3

a copy of Figure 1 from the Russian Patent No. 160973;

Fig. 4

a copy of Figure 5 from the same Russian patent.

Fig. 5

a schematic representation of an embodiment of the present invention, this embodiment is formed by the combination of features of Figures 2 and 3;

Fig. 6

a copy of Figure 1 of US 6,434,923;

Fig. 7

a copy of Figure 2 from the US font;

Fig. 8

a schematic representation of certain parts of an embodiment of the present invention, this embodiment being formed by the combination of features of Figures 3 and 6;

Fig. 9

a schematic representation of the embodiment according to FIG. 8 viewed from above (in the direction of the arrow P, FIG. 8), wherein also other elements are shown;

Fig. 10

a schematic representation of a holder for the compressor in FIG. 9;

Fig. 11

a section in the plane II-II of Figure 10, wherein Figs. 11a and 11b show possible alternatives;

Fig. 12

a copy of Fig. 4 of DE-A-4230316 with schematic additions to adapt to the present invention, and

Fig. 13

a copy of Fig. 1 from DE-A-4230314.

Prior Art - Pneumatic Compression

A material template 100 according to FIG. 1 consists of a conventional spinning machine either from a jug or roving bobbin. The jug becomes a fiber structure 120 fed to the drafting system. In the case of a roving bobbin roving is from Extracted circumference of the spool. Via a deflecting device 130 comes the fiber strand, namely the roving or sliver, in the region of a drafting system 140th The drafting system comprises several pairs of rollers partly equipped with straps. The fiber strand 120 is sandwiched between the first and second roll pairs 115a and 115b only weak and between the second and subsequent pair of rollers 115c strongly distorted on a pinch roller 170 and a compression element 160, the default ratio can exceed 100 in total.

Between the pinch roller 170 and the compression element 160 is the stretched Fiber structure clamped and subsequently compacted on a compacting device 180. The drafting unit 140 leaving fiber structure has a width, the decreases during compaction. Along a compression zone 190 of the device 180 may be an air guide 110, preferably in the form of a screen, according to DE 4426249 B are provided.

Finally, a blocking roller 111 is provided at the end of the compression zone, which is pressed against the compression element 160 and so the rotation distribution limited by a spinning device 112 forth against the material flow direction. in the Inside the compression element 160 is a suction element 113, which at a suction device 114 is connected.

The compression element 160 is preferably a perforated rotating drum, while the suction member 113 has a suction opening in the region of the perforation. In particular, from Figure 1 it can be seen that the diameter of the drum considerably greater than the diameter of the inlet cylinder in the inlet pair 115a and the Middle cylinder in the 115b in the drafting system 140. It follows that to carry out the pneumatic compression according to the principle shown in Figure 1 the Drafting unit 140 specially designed for this purpose and with suitable additional equipment (a suction system) must be provided.

Between the drafting unit 140 and the spinning device 112 are thread guide 150, 150 ', which in the case of a ring spinning device according to the yarn balloon of the yarn 161 Limit figure 1 to the top.

The top rollers (also called pressure rollers) of the drafting system can alone alone or in combination with other elements, such as, for example, the suction element 113, perform traversing movements.

In the lower region of the spinning device, the yarn 161 by means of a rotor 117th on a ring which is mounted on a ring frame 118, by the rotation of a Spindle 119 wound on a yarn package 201 with drive. The height of the yarn package is determined by the range of movement of a ring frame drive, the Ring frame 118 offset in the vertical direction according to Figure 1 up and down.

In FIG. 2, it can be seen that the compression element 160 has a lateral surface as a moving surface 121, with openings 122 leading into the interior of the compression element 160. The fiber structure 120 is guided between the compression element 160 and the pinch roller 170, wherein the pinch roller 170 runs on the moving surface 121. It forms with the moving surface a contact line (also called nip line) 123.
The pinch roller 170 follows the locking roller 111, which also rolls on the moving surface 121. It also forms a contact line (clamping line) 124 with the moving surface 121. There is a predetermined distance x between the two clamping lines 123 and 124.

The upper rollers of the drafting system 140 and the locking roller 111 are in practice from a so-called loading arm (not shown in Figs. 1 and 2). Low-load arms are very well known in spinning machine construction for many years - a Example is shown in SKF, DE 4419125 A.

State of the art - Mechanical compaction roller at the outlet

According to the description in RU 160973, FIG. 3 is a stretching device with only one default field. The intake device consists of the cylinder 1 and the pressure roller 2, which together form a gap which is closed on all sides, through which the fiber structure 11 move in the default field (zone a, Figure 4) got to. The fiber structure is between the collection device of a trigger device, consisting of the cylinder 3 and the pressure roller 4 stretched, wherein the fibers be pulled by a compressor 10,12,13. The stretching device obviously works without fiber guide straps.

An additional pressure roller 5 cooperates with the cylinder 3 to form a nip line B form. The surfaces of the pressure rollers 4 and 5 are elastic Coating provided. Between the pressure rollers 4 and 5 is a compressor 14. If the fiber material is detected by the trigger, it receives their Speed and gets stretched. The stretched fiber strand winds around the Cylinder 3 and enters the compression region (zone b, Fig. 4), where during transport via the compressor 14, the compression takes place. This compression takes place between the Points A, B where the pressure rollers contact the cylinder 3. The compacted material arrives at the delivery device, consisting of the cylinder 3 and pressure roller. 5

More can not be learned from RU 160973.

First embodiment of the invention - Modification of the embodiment according to FIG. 1

FIG. 5 schematically shows a first embodiment of the present invention, wherein FIG the embodiment according to Figures 1 and 2 adapted to the concept of Figures 3 and 4 has been. Because the diameter of the cylinder 166 is relatively large and the distance x is correspondingly long, the arrangement of the elements on the delivery roller 3 in the figure 3 are taken virtually unchanged in the figure 5 - the compressor between the outlet roller 170 and the locking roller 111 is therefore also in the figure 5 with the reference numeral 14 has been indicated.

In the embodiment according to FIG. 5, the loading arm 141 is indicated schematically. By suitable, only schematically indicated, supports 142 carries the arm 141, the upper or pressure roller 115 of the roller pair 115b (see Fig. 1), the Pinch roller 170 and the locking roller 111. By means of a holder 143, also here only shown schematically, the arm 141 also carries the compressor 14 and keeps it in contact with the surface 216 of the cylinder 166. This cylinder has no suction 113 or breakthroughs 122 (see Fig. 2) on, but he is to be formed as a solid cylinder, which can be provided with a corrugation (Kannelur) 226. The pinch roller 170 and the locking roller 111 form with the surface 216 each have a nip 123 and 124th

On the possible design of the individual elements will be discussed in more detail below, after a second arrangement of these elements with reference to the figures 6 to 9 explained has been.

Prior art - Second example of the known pneumatic compacting

As already explained, the principle according to FIG. 1 requires a special one Drawing frame construction. It is correspondingly difficult to existing ring spinning machines to retrofit with the necessary elements - it's more of a machine rebuild required to the existing machine for performing compaction spinning adapt. Therefore, an alternative system has already been developed which more suitable for retrofitting. This system will first be described with reference to FIGS. 6 and 7 explains.

From a spinning machine, in particular a ring spinning machine, in Figs. 6 and 7 only the end region of a drafting system 301 shown. You can see the end part a the drafting system 301 associated load carrier 302, on which the later is to be described in more detail printing roller unit 303 is arranged. The pressure roller unit 303 consists of two Druckwalzenzwillingen 305 and 306 and a the Pressure roller twins 305 and 306 supporting bracket 304.

Each of the two pressure roller twins 305 and 306 includes a common axis 307 or 308 for two pressure rollers 309 and 310 or 311 and 312 arranged thereon Axes 307 and 308 are rotatably mounted, each pressure rollers arranged thereon 309, 310 and 311, 312 rotate together with their axes 307 and 308, respectively. Each pair of printing rollers 305, 306 is thus two mutually adjacent spinning stations assigned, so that in each case a pressure roller unit 303 two adjacent Spinning positions is assigned. In the machine longitudinal direction is a variety of spinning stations and thus pressure roll units arranged side by side.

At each spinning position, a fiber structure 15 in the transport direction A through the Draw frame 301 passed and warped to the desired fineness.

In the transport direction A, the drafting device 301 is limited by a pair of output rollers, which in addition to the aforementioned pressure roller 309 and 310 in the machine longitudinal direction continuous driven sub-cylinder 316 contains. The lower cylinder 316 is thus together with the pressure roller 309 of the spinning station 13, with the pressure roller 310, however, associated with the spinning station 14.

At the output clamping line 317 formed by the pull-out roller pair is the draft zone 18 of the drafting system 301 finished. Following the output terminal 317 Then there is a stretched, but still spin-rotation-free fiber structure 19, the now the actual Spinndrall must be granted.

The delay zone 18 is followed by a so-called compression zone 20 downstream Leaving only the spin rotation introduced into the resulting thread 27 becomes. In the compression zone 20 is the stretched, but still spin-rotation-free Fiber structure 19 laterally summarized, so that he after passing through a Compaction zone 20 in the direction of transport A delimiting supply terminal line 321 no Spider triangle forms. The delivery nip 321 acts against the one to be issued Spin rotation as a spin stop. From the delivery clamp 321, the resulting thread 27 in the delivery direction B a swirl member, not shown, for example, a ring spindle fed, which gives the thread 27 the required spin twist.

The delivery nip 321 is formed by pressing the respective second pressure roller 311 or 312 to a stationary suction channel 322, as standing under negative pressure Hollow profile is formed and over a plurality of spinning stations, for example extends over a machine section. In the machine longitudinal direction is thus a variety arranged by suction channels 322 side by side. Each suction channel 322 is over a Vacuum port 323 connected to a vacuum source, not shown.

Per spinning station 13, 14, the suction channel 322 includes a substantially in the transport direction A extending suction slot 324, which advantageously slightly oblique to the transport direction A is arranged. In the region of the respective suction slot 324 is the outer contour the suction channel 322 as a sliding surface for a circulating, air-permeable Conveyor belt 325 is formed. The air permeability is conveniently generated by that the conveyor belt 325 is formed as a thin, fine-meshed fabric band is. The conveyor belt 325 transports the fiber structure 19 to be compacted through the compression zone 20 and thereby slides on the suction channel 322, with Except an area facing away from the suction slot 324, where it by a clamping element 326 tensioned and guided sideways.

The support 304 carrying the pressure roller twins 305 and 306 is considered to be a closed one Housing 328 is formed, which is sealed by the axes 307 and 308 is penetrated. As a result, the interior of the housing 328 is protected against fiber fly. The housing 328 suitably consists of two sub-housings 329 and 330, which are interconnected by a pivot axis 331. The parting line 332 is thereby defined in the area of a plane defined by the axes 307 and 308, so that the axes 307 and 308 carrying stationary sleeves 333 and 334 between the two sub-housings 329 and 330 can be clamped.

The housing 328 includes elements for transmitting drive forces to the pressure rollers 311, 312. A description of these elements is omitted here, since they are for the present invention does not matter. The rotatable axes 307 and 308 of Pressure roller twins 305 and 306 are by way of bearings 335 in the stationary sleeves 333 and 334 stored.

At the load carrier 302, a strong loading spring 341 is arranged, which together with an additional clamping spring 342 a resilient receptacle 343 for the Axis 307 of the first pressure roll twin 305 forms. This is done by clamping the stationary sleeve 333, in which the axis 307 is rotatably mounted. The loading spring At the same time, 344 transmits the loading pressure to the first pressure rollers 309 and 310, which yes form the output pressure rollers of the respective drafting system 301.

Since the pressure rollers 311 and 312 each spinning station 13, 14 only with much lower Anpressdrücken need to be charged, is on the load carrier 302 another Loading spring 344 attached, the smaller pressure against a support surface 345 of the housing 328 presses and thus substantially in the transport direction A. second pressure roller twin 306 charged.

From Figures 6 and 7, the ratio diameter delivery cylinder 316 ./. diameter other drafting cylinder not visible. The cylinder 316 can but through a standard design formed by the outlet cylinder of a ring spinning drafting system are hardly different, as far as the diameter is concerned, from the others Cylinder of the drafting system i. the diameter of the cylinder 316 is considerably smaller as the diameter of the drum 166 (Figure 5).

Second embodiment of the invention - Modification of the embodiment according to FIG. 6/7

As FIGS. 8 and 9 show schematically, the system according to FIGS 6/7 be adapted to the use of a compressor 14 according to the figure 3. The Druckwalzenzwilllinge 305, 306 itself remain virtually unchanged. It is but now required, the pressure rollers 311 and 312 also in contact with the Subcylinder 316 to bring, but the holder 304 (Fig. 6/7) considerably simplified can be, because in this embodiment no additional drive for the delivery rollers 311, 312 is necessary. The loading spring 341 or 342, 344 according to the figure 7/6 are retained and are still used as a receptacle for axis 307 of the first print twins. But since the closed housing 328 (Figure 6) in this embodiment is unnecessary, the sleeve 334 is held by a bent support arm 823, which includes the sleeve 333 such that the arm 823 is free about the axis 307 can swing. In operation, this pivoting movement is continued until the rollers 311, 312 also come into contact with the cylinder 316 (see in particular Figure 8). It still creates a nip 317 between the pressure rollers 309, 310 and the cylinder 316, but now a nip line 375 (Figure 8) between the rollers 311, 312 and the same cylinder. An additional bent loading spring 341 a analogous to spring 344 in (FIG. 7), acting at 823, it may also be provided to generate the required contact pressure on the nip line 375. A secondary one Spring 341 b between the spring 341 a and the compressor ensures its contact pressure to the roller 316. The spring end of the spring 341a at 823 may be longitudinal and Transverse guide (radial and axial) are used for the compressor.

Between the clamping lines 317 and 375 there is now a surface 376 (FIG Cylinder 316, which is freely accessible and suitable for cooperation with the compressor 14 is. The compressor 14 is shown in dashed lines in FIG. 8 and in FIG its position between the rollers 309, 311 shown. About details of a possible Holder will be discussed below with reference to FIG. The compressor 14 will in any case directly or indirectly from the load carrier or load arm 302 worn.

The holder for the compressor

Before explaining an example, it is appropriate to the requirements of this holder perform. As the compressor 14 itself is stationary in the material transport direction but always remains in contact with the moving surface of the cylinder 316 stands, on one or the other element (or both) wear. you Of course, try to limit the wear on an element, eg. B. by, that the compressor is formed of a hard, wear-resistant material. This increases the wear on the other element. It makes more sense to determine the compressor 14 as a replaceable wear part, and its holder appropriately, i. such that a worn compressor easily removed from the holder and can be replaced by a new compressor.

It is important that the compressor sits as full as possible on the surface of the cylinder and that the contact persists - this in order to avoid the "hatching" of fibers between the compressor 14 and the cylinder 316 to prevent. The holder must be so either be designed to apply a pressure force in the direction of the cylinder 316 generated, or at least the exercise of such force by another means allows.

A compressor 14 may not be in constant contact with the two associated with it Pressure rollers 309, 311 and 310, 312 remain because the pressure rollers are ground periodically must be so that they each have a cylindrical surface. The distance between the surfaces of the pressure rollers will therefore change in operation. Out Reasons that have already been mentioned in principle, the compressor should not "hop" and certainly not "tilt" around an edge. The bracket should therefore be for a safe guidance in the radial direction and preferably also for a predetermined Angular position relative to the cylinder 316 provide.

The compressor 14 can thus be without contact with the associated pressure rollers or kept in contact with a given pressure roller. According to According to the principles listed in DE 3841346, the compressor should be in contact with it held with the pressure roller 309 and 310 (on the inlet side of the compressor field) become. But since the present arrangement is fundamentally different from the arrangement differs according to the old DE font, it may prove advantageous, the Compressor 14 but to keep in contact with the pressure roller 311 and 312. The holder should, if possible, allow all permissible arrangements.

An example of a possible mounting according to FIG. 10 comprises a spring-elastic Joch 380, which is arcuate before assembly in the drafting and in the Middle is provided with a fastening means (for example a screw) 381, whereby the Yoke on the arm 823 (FIG. 8) can be attached. The yoke 380 has end portions 382 and 383 received in respective receptacles 384 and 385, respectively at the end faces of the compressor bodies 386, 387 remote from the cylinder 316 or are attached. The end parts 382, 383 may be e.g. with the cans 384, 385 one each Form snap connection and / or it can additionally locking elements (not shown) are provided, which depending on a positive but preferably detachable connection between the end portions 382, 383 and the bushes 384, 385 effect.

When the arm 823 pivots in the direction of the operating position (FIG. 8) about the axis 307 the contact surfaces 388, 389 of the compressor bodies 386, 387 enter Contact with the cylinder surface before the pressure rollers 311, 312 are in contact with the cylinder 316 occur. When the arm 823 is moved to the operating position, the two wings of the spring yoke 380 are deformed and thus stretched, so that they the respective contact surfaces 388, 389 firmly against the surface of the cylinder 316 press.

When using a spring-loaded bracket, such as the yoke 380, the arm must 823 are loaded in the direction of the operating position, that, despite the tension of the yoke 380, the pressure rollers 311, 312 securely in contact with the cylinder 316 are held. For this, a suitable loading means (not shown) may be used using various means (pneumatic, magnetic and also mechanical) the person skilled in the art are well known. The arm 823 must also be loaded in this way be that the required contact pressure between the pressure rollers and the Cylinder 316 is generated. It may be advisable to reduce the burden on you Separate pressure rollers 311, 312 from the load of the compressor 14. The compressors 14 could z. B. be loaded by resilient means, directly between the Compressor 14 and the load arm 302 act.

The compressors do not necessarily have to be separable from the holder. The yoke 380 could e.g. be formed in one piece with the compressor, so that a module consisting must be replaced simultaneously from the yoke and compressor pair.

Other modifications of the bracket are described below in connection with Figure 13 explains.

The design of the compressor body

Various requirements can be derived from the description of the holder. For example, the compressor body 386 or 387 is basically made of ceramic, Plastic or of a metal, optionally of an alloy or composite material from two or more components. But the compressor could also be one Sintered body are formed. The body could z. B., with mounting parts, such as. the cans 384 and 385 can be poured. The body 386 and 387 may be on at least one particular surface with a coating be provided, for example, at the contact surface 388 or 389 and / or at a Side surface that is in contact with a pressure roller in operation.

The design of the body 386 or 387, the formation of the compression groove 390th (Figure 11). The inner surface 391 (FIG. 10), which defines the shape of this groove, together with the surface of the cylinder 316 forms the compression channel. The groove has at the inlet end a relatively mouth with a relatively wide width E (Fig. 11) and at the outlet end a relatively narrow width e. The width E is chosen such that the fibers emerging from the main drafting zone safely into the compression channel enter. This width can z. B. 5 to 10 mm. depending on the processed Material amount. The width e can be chosen such that the compressed Fiber structure downstream of the pressure roller 311 or 312 substantially without Forming a so-called spinning triangle is twisted into a yarn. To this Purpose can be the width e z. B. 1 to 3 mm. depending on the desired yarn number to get voted.

Achieving such a high compaction is not required in all circumstances, or maybe even desirable - the groove can therefore be a bit of something have wider spout, z. B. with a width e in the range 3 to 5 mm depending from the width of the fiber composite in the main drafting field. It might even be beneficial be in a batch change and replace the compressor to the Nutenform to adapt to the new material.

The cross section of the groove also plays a role in the compaction effect and should also be adapted to the requirements if necessary. FIGS. 11, 11a and 11b show three different cross sections. In the figure 11 tapers Groove 390 steadily from the inlet to the outlet end, in the variant according to the figure 11 a, the groove has a discharge portion with substantially parallel side surfaces, while in the variant according to the figure 11 b, the compression work in a, in the Transport direction considered, short inlet section 392 in front of the center of the channel is done so that the fibers are then performed in parallel.

Obviously, it is particularly important to avoid contact between the compressor 14 and the cylinder 316 in the inlet part of the groove to ensure where the risk of "Hatching" of the fibers is greatest among the compressors. The fiber-bearing inner surface 390 can be provided with a coating to (in comparison to the material of the main body) to increase the wear resistance and / or the adhesion tendency (eg from dirt).

The compressor body can also be provided with a "lip" which during the Operating in contact with a pressure roller is. This variant is shown in FIG. 10 for the compressor body 387 has been schematically indicated where the lip 393 at the Inlet mouth to the groove 390 is shown. The lip does not have to reach the bottom edge of the body 387, because only the middle part of the lip (approximately at the top Edge of the groove) can effectively come into contact with the pressure roller.

Design of the outlet cylinder

Basically, the outlet cylinder 316 still has its function in the drafting system 302 meet. Preferably, the cylinder surface is now formed such that the Compressor body so that essentially can remain in continuous contact.

It belongs to the state of the art to provide the cylinder with a so-called Kannelur for example, as has been explained in DE-A-4230316. The figure 12 shows an example of this DE document where the cylinder 316 at least substantially Has parallel to the cylinder axis extending channel 422 whose radial outer surfaces 423 to the cylinder axis concentric circular cylindrical, smooth and in the circumferential direction are longer than the intermediate recesses 424 (claim 1, DE font).

Whether the surfaces 423 are longer than the depressions 424 or not plays for the present invention Invention no decisive role. An alternative is shown in EP-A-359277. However, the compressor body should be able to "ride" on the channel well and it should as possible a gap between the compressor body and the cylinder surface be avoided, otherwise fibers could slip in between. The wells 424 should therefore be bridged by the compressor body.

Figure 10 also shows a small modification useful for embodiments of this invention Can bring benefits. To the right of the vertical plane V in Figure 10 remains the channel compared to the representation in the DE font unchanged - this channel has pronounced Edges 425 on. Left of the plane V, the edges 426 are rather "broken", i.e. be clear. Such a rounding is only possible on the leading edge, viewed in the transport direction required. She helps that Calm down "run" of the compressor 14 on the channel.

However, the cylinder does not necessarily have to be provided with a channel. A smooth surface is rather unusual, though not excluded - the However, cylindrical surface can be subjected to a post-treatment, for example by plasma coating or sandblasting.

Condenser in the main drafting zone

The arrangement according to FIG. 3 has a condenser 10 in the drafting zone. One modern drafting system of a ring spinning machine points in the main drafting zone, in front of the Drafting system spout, a pair of straps on which to ensure fiber guidance up to a point as close as possible to the terminal line closing the default field is provided. It is still possible between the discharge line of the pair of straps and the nip line of the exit rollers to provide a condenser, such as (among others) from DE -A-4230314.

As an example, here is the figure 13, where the condenser 526 in the "residual gusset" housed and to be attached to the drafting system that the drafting system can be opened and closed without the condenser falling out. At the Front side is the condenser 526 with a leg of a substantially rectangular bent bracket 531 provided, which is guided to a Achslagerstück 528, on wherein the elastic top roller 515 is rotatably mounted. The bracket 531 surrounds with his tail 532 the axle bearing 528 partially and is on this Achslagerstück 528 within a predetermined range (not visible in FIG. 13) axially displaceable. The condenser 526 is therefore parallel to the axis of the roller 515 herverschiebbar, so that the fiber structure (not shown) in such Drawframes can follow usual traversing motion.

• durch eine Erweiterung der Breite E (Fig. 11), oder
• dadurch, dass der Verdichter auf seine Halterung in einem begrenzten Bereich frei beweglich ist (nicht gezeigt).

Wenn die dazu erforderliche Erweiterung der Einlaufmündung bzw. die freie Beweglichkeit des Verdichters nicht möglich ist, kann die Changierbewegung am Kondensor 526 unterbunden werden.A condenser of this type could be used in a drafting arrangement 141 according to FIG. 5 or in a drafting arrangement 302 according to FIG. 8. The traversing motion can then be taken into account in the compressor field by various measures, eg:

• by an extension of the width E (FIG. 11), or
• in that the compressor is freely movable on its support in a limited area (not shown).

If the required extension of the inlet port or the free mobility of the compressor is not possible, the traversing movement can be suppressed at the condenser 526.

Low-load or pressure roller module

It belongs to the function of the load carrier or load arm that he between an operating position and a standby position is movable. In the operating position All elements carried by the arm, especially the top rollers, must be in their position respective predetermined positions relative to the lower cylinder stand. In the Ready position, all elements carried by the arm must be carried securely in such a way that they automatically face their respective predetermined positions can take the lower cylinder than the load arm in the operating position is moved. This function must also apply to the additional pressure roller and for the Guide body can be ensured according to the invention.

From FIGS. 6 and 7 it can be seen that the housing 328 with the twins 305 or 306 form an assembly that can be handled as a unit or as a module, which is the Assembly or replacement concerns. This concept has advantages that also apply to an execution can be transmitted according to the figure 5 and / or the figure 8/9.

The assembly according to FIG. 5 consists of the loading arm or load carrier, which can be considered as a unit or module - this unit can have one replace existing arm in an existing ring spinning machine, with the replacement The conventional discharge cylinder would also be required to complete the conversion. The assembly according to FIG. 8 consists of the twin roller pair 305, 306, the compressor 14 (including the carrier) and the suspension, which the unit with connects to the load carrier 302. The individual elements could, however, by a suitable Carrier, similar to the housing 328 in Figure 6, converted to a unit which carrier could be connected to the loading arm. The Force-generating elements that generate the contact pressure are not necessarily To add to the unit - they could be separated between the load arm and the too loading elements are attached.

The distance between the clamping lines is preferably selected such that it is 0.5 to 1.5 times the average staple length of the fibers to be processed.

The overall arrangement is preferably made such that the thread does not over the Pressure roller of the delivery roller pair is deducted.

The invention further relates to a spinning machine with a multi-stage drafting system according to the preamble of claim 15.

Such a spinning machine with a multi-stage drafting system is for example off DE-A-44 26 278 known. Following is a condensation stage with a suction roll and counter-rolls provided, which is followed by a ring spinning device. In the area of the path where the condensation takes place is at a distance provided by the outer surface of the suction roll a screen. The suction zone has a width when using a traversing device at the beginning, the greater as the traverse stroke is. Following this, the suction zone tapers in the conveying direction. It is further noted that earlier between the ends of the straps in the main drafting field and the nip between the output cylinders of the drafting system mechanical condensers were used to bundle the fiber structure (see for example DE-A-41 32 919, DE-A-41 41 237). An improvement in yarn quality However, with such mechanical condensers is limited because the friction the individual fibers on the guide elements of the condenser to irregularities in a yarn package. For this reason, condenser at the end of the Main drafting field is still not an optimal means for the abrupt improvement of Yarn quality is and you have the above solution with the suction roll and the Umlenkschirm applied.

The present invention is based on the object, a spinning device of to improve the above-mentioned type so that with simpler means an equal Result in the yarn quality is achieved.

This object is achieved by a device having the features of patent claim 15 solved.

Surprisingly, however, it has been found that an equivalent improvement Yarn quality can be achieved if instead of the suction roll a normal Under roller and a mechanical compression element between the output roller and the pinch roller used in the condensation stage of the drafting system.

Fig. 1 a

eine schematische Seitenansicht einer einzigen Spinnstelle einer Ringspinnmaschine,

Fig. 2 a

eine Vorderansicht der gleichen Spinnstelle,

Fig. 3a

eine schematische Darstellung des Streckwerks der Spinnstelle,

Fig. 4a

ein Verdichtungselement in perspektivischer Ansicht,

Fig. 5a

dasselbe Verdichtungselement im Querschnitt,

Fig. 6a

einen Ausschnitt einer Variante des Verdichtungselementes, und

Fig. 6b

ein vergrössertes Detail der Darstellung in Fig. 6a mit einer mehrfach gekrümmten Einlaufkontur der Ausnehmung im Verdichtungselement.

Further advantages of the invention will become apparent from the further dependent claims and from the following description, in which the invention is explained in more detail with reference to an embodiment shown in the schematic drawings. It shows:

Fig. 1 a

a schematic side view of a single spinning station of a ring spinning machine,

Fig. 2 a

a front view of the same spinning station,

Fig. 3a

a schematic representation of the drafting system of the spinning station,

Fig. 4a

a compression element in perspective view,

Fig. 5a

the same compaction element in cross-section,

Fig. 6a

a section of a variant of the compression element, and

Fig. 6b

an enlarged detail of the illustration in Fig. 6a with a multi-curved inlet contour of the recess in the compression element.

In the figures, the same reference numerals are used for the same elements and first-time statements affect all figures, if not explicitly different mentioned.

According to FIGS. 1 a and 2 a of a roving bobbin 12 arranged at the top is a flyer fly 11 via a deflecting element 28 in a three-cylinder drafting system 13 with a Input roller pair 37, 37 'having Vorverzugsfeld 23 and a main drafting zone 24 introduced. The pair of rollers 29, 29 'at the end of the Vorverzugsfeldes 23 and at the beginning of the main drafting zone 24 is in a known manner with only schematically indicated Riemchen 30, 30 'fitted, up to the nip of a pair of delivery rollers 25, 26 extend.

The lower roller of the output roller pair is considered to be a much larger diameter as the remaining rollers having perforated suction roll 25 with a rotation axis 36 formed with a counter-drafting roller exit roller 26 together forms the last nip 14 of the drafting system 13. In the present invention However, the lower roller 25 is formed as a smooth or fluted cylinder.

The run through the drafting system 13 fiber strand is followed by the output gap 14 along a curved path 15 over a part of the Circumference of the suction roller 25 led around, up to a rotation locking counter roll 27, which together with the suction roller 25 a rotation locking gap 16 for forms the fiber structure.

The perforation 35 of the suction roller 25 extends according to Fig. 2a over the entire Scope, but only over a small width of the peripheral wall of the suction roll 25, which but also taking into account any traversing movement of the fiber strand 22 is so large that the fiber strand 22 is always in contact with the perforation 35 is located.

Within the suction roll 25 is a concentric screen 32, which is in the region of the path piece 15 is interrupted, arranged so that due to a in the interior of the Umbrella 32 maintained negative pressure through the perforation 35 of the suction roll 25 in the direction of the arrows 34, an air flow is generated radially from outside to inside.

Following the rotation blocking gap 16, the fiber structure passes under rotation distribution in a classic ring spinning device 17, with ring rail 18, ring 19, rotor 20, spindle bank 38 and spindle 21 is equipped and from the out of the Rotation locking gap 16 emerging compact fiber strand 22 the ring spun yarn 39th manufactures.

The total delay in the drafting system 13 is preferably 25 to 80, in particular to 100, wherein the delay in Vorverzugsfeld 23 only within the usual limits of 1.1 to 1.3 times.

In FIG. 3 a, the multistage drafting system 13 is shown again purely schematically, wherein according to the invention instead of a suction roll, a lower roll 25 with a smooth Cylinder surface provided and instead of the Umlenkschirms 40 in the gusset between the output roller 26 and the rotation lock counter roll or pinch roller 27, a mechanical compression element 45 is arranged. The pinch roller 27 is provided with a (not shown) braking device, so that this slower runs as the output roller 26. In practice, the output roller 26 has a larger Rotational speed than the lower roller 25 have, so that a slip of 0.5% 5%, resulting in a distortion of the fiber structure. The slip of the Pinch roller 27 amounts to about 0.5% to 3%. This creates in the condensation zone between the output roller 26 and the pinch roller 27 a so-called relaxation, so that through the mechanical compression element 45 a purely mechanical Incorporation of the above individual fibers of the fiber structure, and the resulting during the subsequent ring spinning yarn is a much lower Having hairiness.

The compression element 45 is in perspective in FIG. 4a and in cross section in FIG. 5a shown along the line A-A of Figure 4 and has a waisted shape with a cone-shaped recess 46 on the lower side wall 47, which on the lower roller 26 rests (see Figure 3a). The mechanical compression element 45 is preferably made of a suitable metal, plastic or ceramic, the Surface is designed so that fibers can not adhere to it, i. E. fiber-free remains. In a particularly preferred embodiment, the compression element 45 made of a magnetic metal, so that the compression element 45 in position between the output roller 26 and the pinch roller 27 is held. on the other hand can also be provided a pressure spring. Further, the output roller 26 and the pinch roller 27 on a common carrier 48 on the guide arm 49 attached, so that the ratio of the contact pressures of the two rollers 26 and 27th is constant when changing the total pressure. But it is also possible that the Pinch roller 27 via an additional (not shown here) lever arm on the guide arm 49 is fixed, so that the contact pressure for the pinch roller 27 individually can be adjusted. The contact pressure of the pinch roller 27 should be at least 3 to 4 kg and is usually between 15 and 20 kg. The cone angle α is between 30 ° and 120 °.

Thus, the compression element 45 a minimal support on the surfaces of the Output roller 26 and the pinch roller 27 may, the surfaces 50 and 51 be slightly domed, which rest against the output roller 26 and the pinch roller 27 or be provided with small nubs or ribs. Furthermore, the larger lower roller 25 provided with a herringbone ribbing or an axial straight Kannelur be so that no compression forces acting on the compression element 45, it from can push its axial position.

In Fig. 6a, another variant of the conical recess 46 is shown, wherein a semi-conical section 52 and then a semicircular cylindrical Section 53 are provided. The diameter D of the section 53 is between 0.3 and 5.0 mm, and the distance d to the lower edge 54 is from 0 to 6 mm. It understands It is obvious to a person skilled in the art that the conical recess is not only circular but also elliptical, rectangular or polygonal can be formed.

The axial distance of the rollers 26 and 27 is preferably 25 to 46 mm.

FIG. 6 b shows an enlarged detail in the vicinity of the recess 46 an axis F, which parallel to the material flow direction of the fiber structure through the Recess is located. The axis F does not necessarily need the axis of symmetry the geometric figure, which is the boundary of the recess 46 for Compression element 45 out represents. If you put a section through the compression element 45 in a plane in which the axis F is, results in a meridian section line M of the boundary surface of the recess 46 toward the compression element 45, while in a section transverse to the axis F an arcuate section line Q is formed. Both Cutting lines, the meridional section line M and the cross-section line Q, can be circular, be oval, elliptical or polygonal. It is understood that it is the cone-shaped Recess 46 not to act a half-section of a cone needs; for the illustration in Fig. 6b, it is assumed that the cross-sectional lines Q form not only half an ellipse or half an oval through the recess 46, but go beyond the symmetry axis S of an ellipse or an oval, so that the largest extension of the recess 46 does not face in the lower roller 25 End surface of the compression element 45 is located, but in the field of Axis S.

Claims (26)

Drawframe (140, 301) with a discharge cylinder (316) and a loading arm (141, 302), characterized in that two pressure rollers with the outlet cylinder (316) each form a nip line (123, 124, 317, 375), wherein the clamping lines (123, 124, 317, 375) in the material flow direction have a preferably predetermined distance, and a guide body is arranged between the clamping lines (123, 124, 317, 375) and is in particular in contact with the cylinder (1, 3, 166) and forms a fiber guide channel together with the surface 216 of the cylinder (1, 3, 166), which tapers in the material flow direction. The drafting device (140, 301) according to claim 1, characterized in that the loading arm (141, 302) comprises support means carrying said pressure rollers (2, 4, 5, 115, 309, 310, 311, 312) such that they take the required positions with respect to the discharge cylinder (316) when the loading arm (141, 302) is moved to its operating position. Drawframe (140, 301) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by a holder (142, 304), which guides the guide body in the drafting system (140, 301). Drawframe (140, 301) according to claim 3, characterized in that the guide body is guided by its holder (142, 304) such that a certain surface of the body is in contact with that surface of the cylinder (1, 3, 166), which promotes the fibers in operation. Drawframe (140, 301) according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the carrier means and the holder (142, 304) together form a common interchangeable assembly. Drawframe (140, 301) according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that loading means are provided to press the guide body against the cylinder surface (216). Drawframe (140, 301) according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the surface (216) of the cylinder (1, 3, 166) is formed such that at least in the area where the compression work is done, the guide body in essentially continuously in contact with the cylinder surface (216). Drawframe (140, 301) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the guide body in the axial direction of the cylinder (1, 3, 166) is freely movable in a limited area. Drawframe (140, 301) according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the guide body against movements in the axial direction of the cylinder (1, 3, 166) is guided. Drawframe (140, 301) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a condenser (10, 526) is provided in the main drafting zone (24). Loading arm (141, 823), characterized by a pressure roller pair and a guide body, which are supported by the arm (141, 823), that both rollers with the discharge cylinder (316) of a drafting system (140, 301) can work together with the cylinder (1, 3, 166) to form two clamping points which have a predetermined distance in the material flow direction, the guide body coming into contact with the cylinder between the clamping points and together with the surface (216) of the cylinder (1, 3, 166) forms a fiber guide channel, which tapers in the material flow direction. Assembly for use in an arm (141, 823) according to claim 11, characterized by a support which has both a suspension for the pressure rollers (4, 5) of the pair as well as a housing for the guide body, wherein the support is provided with connecting means to connect the carrier to the arm (141, 823) such that the assembly is replaceable as a unit. A guide body having a guide surface adapted to cooperate with a movable surface of a drafting system (140, 301) to form a compression channel, characterized in that the guide body is provided with attachment means for connecting the body to a loading arm (141, 823). Spinning machine, in particular but not exclusively ring spinning machine, characterized by a drafting device (140, 301) according to one of claims 1 to 10, a loading arm (141, 823) according to claim 11, an assembly according to claim 12 and / or a guide body according to claim 13. Spinning machine, in particular, ring spinning machine, comprising a multi-stage drafting system (13) comprising a pair of draw rollers (37, 37 '), a pair of apron rollers (29, 29') and subsequent outfeed rollers comprising a larger bottom roller (25) and opposite top rollers (25). 26, 27), characterized in that in the gusset between the two top rollers (26, 27) in fitting mechanical compression element (45) is arranged and that the compression element (45) has a waisted shape and a conical recess (46) in the on the Having lower roller resting edge region (47) and that the conical recess (46) has a conical portion (52) and an adjoining semicircular section (53). Spinning machine according to claim 15, characterized in that the cone angle (α) of the conical recess (46) is between 30 ° and 120 °. Spinning machine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a Ausnehumng (46) in the compression element (45) which forms a guide for a fiber structure to be compressed, at least upstream of the fiber structure is designed so that a section through the compression element along or transversely to Fiber material flow direction results in a sectional contour of the boundary surface of the recess (46) to the body of the compression element (45), which is a part of an ellipse or a circle or generally an oval or a polygonal line (M, Q) with intermediate straight pieces or curved pieces is. Drawframe according to one of claims 15 to 17, characterized in that the cylindrical surface of the lower roller (25) is provided with an axial straight flute or with a herringbone corrugation or formed as a smooth cylinder. Spinning machine according to one of claims 15 to 18, characterized in that the compacting element (45) has a plurality of projecting ribs or nubs which are provided on the side adjacent to the output roller (26) and / or pinch roller (27) to be only a linear one or allow selective contact with the output roller (26) and / or pinch roller (27). Spinning machine according to one of claims 15 to 19, characterized in that the compression element (45) has lateral guides which are intended to hold the compression element in the axial direction of upper rollers (26, 27). Spinning machine according to one of claims 15 to 20, characterized in that the compression element (45) is at least partially made of a magnetic material in order to keep the compression element in its fixed position with respect to the top rollers (26, 27). Spinning machine according to one of claims 15 to 21, characterized in that a pressing spring holds the compression element (45) in its predetermined position. Spinning machine according to one of claims 15 to 22, characterized in that the surface and the material of the compression element (45) are selected so that no fibers adhere to the surface, in particular plastic with properties to avoid electrostatic charge. Spinning machine according to claim 15, characterized in that the top rollers are an output roller (26) and a pinch roller (27) which is pressed against the bottom roller (25) by means of a carrier (48) arranged on the guide arm (49). Spinning machine according to claim 24, characterized in that the at least the pinch roller (27) is pressed against the lower roller (25) with a contact pressure of 1 to 20 kg. Spinning machine according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the axial spacing of the rollers (26 and 27) is between 15 and 46 mm.

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