EP1524738B1 - Guide-balais isolant - Google Patents

Guide-balais isolant Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1524738B1
EP1524738B1 EP04022219A EP04022219A EP1524738B1 EP 1524738 B1 EP1524738 B1 EP 1524738B1 EP 04022219 A EP04022219 A EP 04022219A EP 04022219 A EP04022219 A EP 04022219A EP 1524738 B1 EP1524738 B1 EP 1524738B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
carbon brush
brush guide
guide
carbon
layer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP04022219A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1524738A1 (fr
Inventor
Dietmar Berghänel
Rainer Schach
Jörg SKRIPPEK
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BSH Hausgeraete GmbH
Original Assignee
BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeraete GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeraete GmbH filed Critical BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeraete GmbH
Publication of EP1524738A1 publication Critical patent/EP1524738A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1524738B1 publication Critical patent/EP1524738B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R39/00—Rotary current collectors, distributors or interrupters
    • H01R39/02—Details for dynamo electric machines
    • H01R39/38—Brush holders
    • H01R39/40—Brush holders enabling brush movement within holder during current collection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R39/00—Rotary current collectors, distributors or interrupters
    • H01R39/02—Details for dynamo electric machines
    • H01R39/38—Brush holders
    • H01R39/388—Brush holders characterised by the material of the brush holder
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R39/00—Rotary current collectors, distributors or interrupters
    • H01R39/02—Details for dynamo electric machines
    • H01R39/18—Contacts for co-operation with commutator or slip-ring, e.g. contact brush
    • H01R39/24—Laminated contacts; Wire contacts, e.g. metallic brush, carbon fibres

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a carbon brush guide for a power transmission unit of a dynamo-electric machine, in particular for an electric motor, wherein the power transmission unit consists of at least one carbon brush, which is designed in particular as a multilayer carbon brush, and a carbon brush guide made of metal, which has an insulating layer at least on the carbon brush side.
  • a carbon brush guide of an electric motor which consists of a tinned sheet steel coated with an insulating layer and which is particularly suitable for a multilayer carbon.
  • the insulation layer applied in the carbon brush guide serves to avoid a short-circuit current or cross-current between the individual layers of the multilayer carbon brush.
  • a paint such as phenolic resin, epoxy resin or polystyrene is applied to the steel sheet of carbon brush guide.
  • the gap can be tightly tolerated.
  • the disadvantage of such insulation is that the insulation layer can not be stressed as much thermally and mechanically as a pure metal guide.
  • a metal brush holder known from EP 0 358 812 A1, ie a metal brush guide, for a multilayer carbon brush
  • the guide walls of the brush holder are coated with an insulating layer of polytetrafluoroethylene.
  • the brush quiver In order to achieve a sufficient mechanical adhesion and resistance of the insulation layer, the brush quiver must be elaborately pretreated and the insulation layer must be made relatively thick. The production costs are significantly increased by such an embodiment of the metal brush holder over conventional brush holder.
  • the Gap between the carbon brush guide and the carbon brush are not as tight tolerated, since the layer thickness of such insulation itself has relatively large differences in thickness.
  • carbon brush guides are also known from the prior art, which usually consist of sheet brass and have no insulation layer. Large gaps must be present between such an electrically conductive carbon brush guide and a multilayer carbon brush, so that the multilayer carbon brush usually touches the carbon brush guide only with a maximum of one carbon layer.
  • the carbon brushes within the carbon brush guide can tilt so that at least two different layers of the carbon brush come into line with the guide. Thus arise in this position short-circuit currents, which lead to excessive heating of motor windings and collector and increased brush wear.
  • the carbon brush runs in this tilted position over a brush edge, whereby even an unnecessary brush noise is generated.
  • GB-A-2191346 discloses a carbon brush guide according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object to provide for a carbon brush guide of the type mentioned insulation between a carbon brush and its leadership, which is thermally and mechanically strong load, and that the carbon brush guide is economical to manufacture.
  • the carbon brush guide should be such that when used properly in a dynamo-electric machine no unnecessary brush noise and on the other hand, the carbon brush has the least possible wear.
  • the carbon brush guide made of aluminum, since aluminum has very good thermoelectric properties.
  • the aluminum forms advantageously during anodizing a non-conductive very thin oxide layer. This alumina layer or
  • Eloxal Anlagen! usually has a thickness of 5 microns to 30 microns and is still extremely durable and thermally and mechanically resistant. In addition, advantageously the good thermal properties of the aluminum are maintained.
  • the heat generated at the commutator can be absorbed by the anodized layer and dissipated via the thermally conductive carbon brush guide. This is particularly important because during operation of the dynamo-electric machine, the heat generated at the commutator, in particular at the contact point of the carbon brush to the commutator, heat must be dissipated as quickly and adequately. As a result, advantageously a wear of the carbon brush can be additionally reduced.
  • the anodized layer is advantageously formed in a dark color, preferably in black.
  • the power transmission unit consisting of the carbon brush guide and the carbon brush may additionally include a holder for receiving the carbon brush guide.
  • This holder is generally made of plastic. So that the heat can be dissipated again in such a power transmission unit of the carbon brush guide, this carbon brush guide is advantageously not completely surrounded by the plastic holder. Thus, the heat can be radiated over the remaining free surfaces of the carbon brush guide again.
  • the carbon brush guide is bent from an anodized aluminum sheet. Anodizing the already manufactured aluminum carbon brush guide proved to be significantly more expensive. In addition, very even layer thicknesses can be generated when anodising flat surfaces.
  • the carbon brush and / or the carbon brush guide is designed so that the carbon brush and the carbon brush guide can not touch in the crack areas of the anodized layer. This reliably prevents the formation of short-circuit currents, in particular between the layers of a multilayer carbon brush.
  • the carbon brush can also be provided with a chamfer on its longitudinal edges, so as to produce the required distance from the crack regions of the anodization layer of the carbon brush guide.
  • the carbon brush guide 5 of a power transmission unit for a washing machine electric motor is determined.
  • This washing machine electric motor is preferably a universal motor.
  • the universal motor (not shown) includes, inter alia, a stator, a rotor, a commutator, two bearing plates and the power transmission unit, which consists essentially of the carbon brush guide 5, the carbon brush 1 and the holder 8.
  • the rotor and the stator are each provided with iron packets and corresponding windings for generating magnetic fields.
  • the commutator is mechanically connected to the rotor shaft and electrically connected to the rotor windings.
  • the stator is mechanically attached to the bearing plates, which also serve to accommodate and support the rotor shaft.
  • the holder 8 of the power transmission unit is attached to one of the bearing plates.
  • FIG. 1 shows a two-layer carbon brush 1 which is composed of two interconnected by means of a non-conductive connection 3 conductive carbon halves 2, 4 consists.
  • the one end face of the carbon brush 1 rests on the commutator, whereby a conductive connection between a commutator blade and the carbon brush is formed, and the other end face of the carbon brush 1 is contacted with a Stromzu arrangementslitze, whereby the two carbon halves 2 and 4 at the contact point with each other are electrically connected.
  • the carbon brush guide 5 is shown purely schematically in FIG.
  • this carbon brush guide 5 is made of an aluminum sheet, which is anodized on both sides.
  • the carbon brush guide 5 is on both sides with a non-conductive aluminum oxide or anodized coating 6, 7 equipped.
  • the carbon brush 1 facing layer 6 causes the two carbon halves 2 and 4 are not short-circuited in a possible contact of the carbon brush guide 5. Such a contact occurs in particular when the carbon brush 1 tilts slightly during operation in the carbon brush guide 5.
  • the insulating layer 6 avoids a short circuit between the coal halves 2 and 4.
  • the coal halves 2, 4 are always energized evenly. Such energization of the carbon halves 2, 4 leads to a uniform and low brush wear.
  • the outer wall of the carbon brush guide 5 is equipped with a non-conductive Eloxal Anlagen 7.
  • a non-conductive Eloxal Anlagen 7 possible leakage currents between the conductive bearing plate and the carbon brush guide 5 are avoided. This is especially important if the holder 8 can not ensure a sufficient distance between the bearing plate and the carbon brush guide 5 due to its shape.
  • the carbon brush guide 6 is mounted directly on the bearing plate, since the outer anodized layer 7 is sufficiently insulating.
  • the power transmission unit can be made even more cost-effective, since it is possible to dispense with the holder 8 of the carbon brush guide 5.
  • the anodized layer 6, 7 is applied to the carbon brush guide 5 in a thickness of 15 ⁇ m. But other layer thicknesses between 5 and 30 microns are possible. Such Eloxal harshen 6, 7 are sufficiently insulating and thereby very resistant to wear and resistant to climatic and chemical influences. Because the thickness of the Eloxal layer 6 can be produced very uniformly and a contact of the carbon brush 1 with the carbon brush guide 5 due to the non-conductive Eloxal harsh 6 is possible, the guide gap (game) between carbon brush 1 and carbon brush guide 5 can be tolerated very tight. A transverse play according to DIN 43008 between the carbon brush 1 and the carbon brush guide 5 is readily observed in the present embodiment and tilting of the carbon brush 1 in the carbon brush guide 5 is thus avoided. By such a precise guidance of the carbon brush 1 is precluded that a carbon brush edge passes over a commutator blade and thus generates a corresponding brush noise.
  • the anodized layer 6 of the carbon brush guide 5 is executed on the carbon brushes 1 facing surface in a black color.
  • Such coloring of the anodizing layer 6 is easily achievable in an anodization process by suitable choice of the production parameters. There are also other, especially dark, colors conceivable that can absorb heat radiation well. This special coloring ensures that the heat generated in the region of the carbon brush 1, which radiate the contact point between the carbon brush 1 and the commutator and the carbon brush 1 in the form of thermal radiation, is well absorbed by the anodized layer 6.
  • the heat absorbed by the anodizing layer 6 is released to the aluminum carbon brush guide 5 and radiated again on the side facing away from the carbon brushes 1.
  • the holder 8 of the carbon brush guide 5 is designed so that the carbon brush guide 5 is not completely enclosed by the holder 8.
  • the free outer surfaces of the carbon brush guide 5 then radiate the heat to the environment.
  • the heat radiation or the heat emission of the exposed surfaces of the carbon brush guide is additionally favored when the carbon brush guide is arranged in an air flow generated by the engine itself. This air flow can be influenced by a suitable design of the bearing plates and / or the stator.
  • the carbon brush guide 5 is fixed in direct contact with the bearing plate on the bearing plate of the engine.
  • the heat dissipation from the region of the carbon brush 1 is additionally favored, since the heat absorbed by the carbon brush guide 5 is discharged directly to the end shield.
  • Such a direct attachment of the carbon brush guide 5 to the bearing plate is made possible by the non-conductive outer anodized layer 7.
  • an aluminum sheet is anodized in a first production step.
  • a semifinished product for the carbon brush guide 5 is produced in a second production step.
  • the semi-finished product is punched from the anodized aluminum sheet, but other suitable methods are conceivable.
  • This semi-finished product is then bent in a third manufacturing step to the carbon brush guide 5.
  • the bending process is designed so that the anodized layer 6 lies inside, ie in the guide region of the carbon brush 1.
  • an anodized layer may crack in the bending area. Such cracks can reduce the insulating effect of the anodizing layer 6 with respect to the carbon brush 1 in the bending region.
  • 2 shows a favorable design possibility of a carbon brush guide 10, in which each deformation region of the carbon brush guide begins and ends with a convex curvature 11, that is, a curvature 11 facing away from the carbon brush 12. This ensures that the carbon brush 12 does not move when displaced curved surfaces of the carbon brush guide 10 can touch. Thus, a contact of the carbon brush 12 is excluded with the areas that may have possible cracks in the anodized layer 6. Over time, the exposed areas of aluminum within the cracks by the oxygen in the air automatically become an insulating layer of Al 2 O 3 again .
  • An alternative power transmission unit includes a special design of the carbon brush 1, in which the longitudinal edges of the carbon brush 1 each have a chamfer 9, as shown in Fig. 1. Also in this version will ensures that the carbon brush can not touch the bending areas of the carbon brush guide 5 during a displacement.
  • the present invention is not limited to the use of multi-layer carbon brushes, but it can also be applied to block carbon brushes.
  • the same embodiment of the carbon brush guide can be used for both types of carbon brushes and for AC and DC motors.

Landscapes

  • Motor Or Generator Current Collectors (AREA)
  • Apparatus For Radiation Diagnosis (AREA)
  • Fishing Rods (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Guide-balai de charbon pour une unité de transport de courant d'une machine dynamo-électrique, en particulier pour un moteur électrique, le guide-balai de charbon (5) étant réalisé en aluminium et comportant au moins du côté du balai de charbon une couche d'alumine, caractérisé en ce que le guide-balai de charbon (5) est plié dans un flanc de tôle entourant la couche d'alumine et en ce que la couche d'alumine (6, 7) est électro-isolante avant le pliage.
  2. Guide-balai de charbon selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la couche d'alumine (6, 7) est une couche anodisée appliquée artificiellement.
  3. Guide-balai de charbon selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que la couche anodisée (6, 7) présente une épaisseur comprise entre 5 µm et 30 µm.
  4. Guide-balai de charbon selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins du côté du balai de charbon, la couche anodisée (6, 7) du guide-balai de charbon (5) est apte à absorption du rayonnement thermique.
  5. Guide-balai de charbon selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins du côté du balai de charbon, la couche anodisée (6, 7) du guide-balai de charbon (5) est colorée d'une teinte sombre, en particulier d'une teinte noire.
  6. Unité de transport de courant comprenant un guide-balai de charbon selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5 et un balai de charbon qui est réalisé en particulier comme balai de charbon multicouche, caractérisée en ce que le balai de charbon (1, 12) et/ou le guide-balai de charbon (5, 10) sont formés de manière à ce que le balai de charbon (1, 12) et le guide-balai de charbon (5, 10) ne puissent venir en contact l'un de l'autre que sur des faces non courbées du guide-balai de charbon (5, 10).
  7. Unité de transport de courant selon la revendication 6, caractérisée en ce que le balai de charbon (1) présente sur toutes les arêtes longitudinales un chanfrein (9).
  8. Unité de transport de courant selon la revendication 6 ou 7, et qui comporte en outre un support (8) en matière plastique pour recevoir le guide-balai de charbon (5), caractérisée en ce que le guide-balai de charbon (5) n'est pas totalement entouré du support (8).
  9. Machine dynamo-électrique, en particulier un moteur électrique, caractérisée en ce que la machine dynamo-électrique est munie d'un guide-balai de charbon (5) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, d'un balai de charbon selon la revendication 8 et/ou d'une unité de transport de courant selon l'une des revendications 6 ou 7.
  10. Procédé de fabrication d'un guide-balai de charbon pour une unité de transport de courant d'une machine dynamo-électrique, en particulier d'un moteur électrique, caractérisé en ce que le procédé comprend les étapes suivantes :
    a. anodisation d'un flanc de tôle d'aluminium au moins sur une face,
    b. fabrication d'un demi-produit pour le guide-balai de charbon (5, 10) à partir du flan de tôle d'aluminium anodisé et
    c. pliage du demi-produit pour obtenir un guide-balai de charbon (5, 10).
EP04022219A 2003-10-14 2004-09-17 Guide-balais isolant Not-in-force EP1524738B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10347764 2003-10-14
DE10347764A DE10347764A1 (de) 2003-10-14 2003-10-14 Isolierte Kohlebürstenführung

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1524738A1 EP1524738A1 (fr) 2005-04-20
EP1524738B1 true EP1524738B1 (fr) 2006-11-29

Family

ID=34353404

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP04022219A Not-in-force EP1524738B1 (fr) 2003-10-14 2004-09-17 Guide-balais isolant

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US7514836B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1524738B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN100481650C (fr)
AT (1) ATE347185T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE10347764A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10347764A1 (de) * 2003-10-14 2005-05-12 Bsh Bosch Siemens Hausgeraete Isolierte Kohlebürstenführung
FR2896095B1 (fr) * 2006-01-11 2008-06-13 Siemens Vdo Automotive Sas Balai pour moteur electrique
KR100740126B1 (ko) * 2006-02-02 2007-07-16 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 이차 전지 모듈용 격벽 및 이를 포함하는 이차 전지 모듈
DE102006029671A1 (de) * 2006-06-28 2008-01-03 BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeräte GmbH Führungseinrichtung für eine Kohlebürste
US9647404B2 (en) * 2014-06-10 2017-05-09 General Electric Company Brush holder apparatus and system
US9762015B2 (en) * 2014-06-10 2017-09-12 General Electric Company Brush holder apparatus and system
US9762014B2 (en) * 2014-06-10 2017-09-12 General Electric Company Brush holder apparatus and system
US9793670B2 (en) * 2014-06-10 2017-10-17 General Electric Company Brush holder apparatus and system
DE102014214221B4 (de) 2014-07-22 2021-08-26 Schunk Kohlenstofftechnik Gmbh Schichtkohlebürste und Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Schichtkohlebürste
DE102014117370A1 (de) * 2014-11-26 2016-06-02 Thyssenkrupp Ag Führungsschiene für Aufzugsystem und Aufzugsystem
CN105429373B (zh) * 2015-12-10 2018-09-04 佛山市威灵洗涤电机制造有限公司 碳刷组件和电机
US10658806B2 (en) 2017-04-13 2020-05-19 General Electric Company Brush holder apparatus having brush wear indicator
US10284056B2 (en) 2017-04-13 2019-05-07 General Electric Company Brush holder apparatus having brush terminal
JP6375422B2 (ja) * 2017-08-28 2018-08-15 株式会社ミツバ 減速機構付モータ

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DE759800C (de) * 1939-08-17 1953-09-07 Siemens Schuckertwerke A G Buerstenhalter fuer elektrische Maschinen
US2783405A (en) * 1953-02-24 1957-02-26 Atkins Bernard Roy Dynamo-electric machine brush
US2948795A (en) * 1958-07-17 1960-08-09 Gen Devices Inc Commutator brush assembly
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GB2191346A (en) * 1986-06-06 1987-12-09 Johnson Electric Ind Mfg Insulating metallic brush cages for electric motors
EP0358812B1 (fr) 1988-09-16 1993-06-23 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Porte-balai du type cartouche pour un balai multicouche
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JPH04372546A (ja) * 1991-06-20 1992-12-25 Seiko Epson Corp ステッピングモータ
DE19522329A1 (de) * 1995-06-20 1997-01-02 Hoffmann Elektrokohle Bürstenhalterung für Elektromotoren
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DE10157604A1 (de) 2001-11-26 2003-06-05 Schunk Italia S R L Kohlebürstenführung
DE10347764A1 (de) * 2003-10-14 2005-05-12 Bsh Bosch Siemens Hausgeraete Isolierte Kohlebürstenführung

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE502004002158D1 (de) 2007-01-11
DE10347764A1 (de) 2005-05-12
ATE347185T1 (de) 2006-12-15
EP1524738A1 (fr) 2005-04-20
CN1607704A (zh) 2005-04-20
US7514836B2 (en) 2009-04-07
US20050156478A1 (en) 2005-07-21
CN100481650C (zh) 2009-04-22

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