EP1522635A2 - Quick coupler for attaching tools to an excavator arm - Google Patents

Abstract

Quick exchange coupling comprises coupling body parts joined together by a hook connection (3) and a wedge lock (4) acting as a counter holder with opposing pressing surfaces. Coupling plates are provided on the working tools and have recesses in one surface. Preferred Features: A counter piece for the wedge lock is formed by a wedge rod (10) which runs across the surfaces of support plates (16). The wedge rod penetrates the support plates and protrudes on the outer sides of the support plates.

Description

The invention relates to a quick-change coupling for fastening the Work tools on an excavator boom, in which the excavator tool and the excavator boom each a coupling body part is arranged, wherein the two Coupling body parts by a hook connection and acting as a counter-holder Wedge lock with mutual pressure surfaces against each other can be fixed.

In a known embodiment of this type, are on the working tool the Receiving recesses of the hook connections and the pressing surface and the Keilverriegelung arranged offset in plane parallel to the transverse median plane, wherein the Hook of the hook connection symmetrical to the transverse center plane on the working tool are provided, and the pressure surface and wedge lock substantially in the area the transverse center plane are effective. Such a design has the disadvantage that several different receiving organs must be provided, due to the lateral displacement to each other in uneven stress of the working tool subjected to strong bending forces.

Also with analog, e.g. from US 5 024 010 A, EP 0 616 084 A, DE 44 12 373 A or DE G 93 14 409 U known configurations are as holding organs for the Hook connection from the wedge lock separate parts on Attached to the working tool, wherein the above-mentioned disadvantages of known type still comes that the fortifications (especially welds) of the Holding organs of the hook connection or recordings of the wedge connection to the Working tool not only the high workforce, but also holding and Locking forces, the latter with regard to a safe Domes are not irrelevant.

According to the invention, these disadvantages are avoided by the fact that am Working tool on both sides of its center plane parallel to this at least one each Coupling plate is provided, which in a plane receiving the recesses both the hook connection and the spline connection, wherein the Coupling plates are congruent to each other. In that the Receiving recesses for both the hook connection and the wedge connection each side of the median longitudinal plane are provided congruent, the occurring Forces are evenly introduced into the clutch plates, with the clutch plates between hook connection and wedge connection are each claimed only to train. This is because the hook connection on the one hand and the pressure surfaces on the other hand are aligned and the wedge connection causes the pressure surfaces so be moved against each other, that the receiving recess of the spline in Applied to the hook connection and the pressing surfaces away from each other become. The attachment of the coupling plates to the working tool is free of the clutch forces and only needs to pick up the workforce.

Advantageously, on both sides of the buckling plane of the excavator boom Jib in coupled condition parallel to the coupling plates on the tool extending support plates for the recesses of the coupling plates to be hung or be provided to be determined counterparts. Thus also the force entry of the attached to the excavator boom support plates substantially in one plane, so that These support plates derive the introduced forces within the support plate levels can. Here, the counterpart for the wedge lock by a transverse to the Planes of supporting plates extending wedge-bar formed in one of Work tool is guided away obliquely rising web. This will be done in a simple way causes the displacement of the wedge member in the support plates in the direction of this Working tool pulled out, whereby the appropriate contact pressure of the Andrückrücke and thus the hook connection is achieved. Here, the wedge bar enforce the support plates and on the excavator boom remote from the outside of the Supporting support plates, wherein on both sides of each of the support plates, the spline is provided. This makes it possible to use one and the same coupling part attached to the excavator boom Include working tools in which the clutch plates on the working tool either inside the support plates, or outside the plate, so on away from each other, are attached. This is the same for the hook connection achieved in that the counterparts for the hook connection, by a Support plates passing through the excavator boom facing away from the outsides, the Support plates protruding cross bar is formed. In a preferred manner, for actuating of the wedge bar a hydraulic piston-cylinder unit to be provided, the unlocked at Wedge lock is fully extended. This has the advantage that the piston surface, the Locking the wedge connection is available due to the attached Piston rod is lower than to release the wedge lock, whereby a possible Seizing the wedge connection is counteracted so far as when loosening Forces can be applied as when locking.

To work tools for both deep trenching and digging, Thus, can be mounted oppositely, the receiving recesses of the Coupling plate with respect to the plane transverse to the plane vertical vertical center plane be formed symmetrically. Furthermore, on both sides of the median longitudinal plane two each Coupling plates may be provided, wherein the support plates in the space between the adjacent coupling plates can be used. This can especially for larger work tools achieved very stable coupling parts on the working tool become. In order to let the forces act only on the connecting organs, if possible can the hydraulic piston-cylinder unit with its end facing away from the wedge rod be supported the belonging to the hook connection cross bar. Finally, to Support of the hydraulic piston-cylinder unit towards attachment of the Excavator boom towards bent tabs may be provided opposite to the support plates secured against pivoting. This is achieved that the hydraulic piston-cylinder unit with its longitudinal axis directly in the direction of movement of the wedge surfaces facing bar is aligned. To the mutually movable parts of the hydraulic piston-cylinder unit from undue forces can keep the Connection between the hydraulic piston-cylinder unit and the wedge bar below Keeping a game free.

Fig. 1 zeigt eine erste Ausführungsvariante im Schaubild im gekuppelten Zustand der beiden Kupplungsteile.

Fig. 2 ist eine Seitenansicht,

Fig. 3 eine Stirnansicht und

Fig. 4 eine Draufsicht auf die Ausbildung gemäß Fig. 1. In der Darstellung ist dabei sowohl der Baggerausleger als auch das Arbeitswerkzeug weggelassen, um die Darstellung nicht zu verkomplizieren.

Fig. 5 zeigt den am Baggerausleger anzubringenden Kupplungsteil alleine, ohne den am Arbeitswerkzeug befindlichen Kupplungsteil und zwar in Seitenansicht.

Fig. 6 ist eine Draufsicht auf diesen Kupplungsteil,

Fig. 7 gibt einen Schnitt nach Linie A-A der Fig. 6 und

Fig. 8 einen Schnitt nach Linie C-C der Fig. 6 wieder.

Fig. 9 zeigt im Schaubild eine erste Ausführungsvariante des am Arbeitswerkzeug anzubringenden Kupplungsteiles.

Fig. 10 ist eine Seitenansicht dieses in Fig. 9 dargestellten Kupplungsteiles.

Fig. 11 gibt eine weitere Ausführungsvariante des am Arbeitswerkzeug anzubringenden bzw. befindlichen Kupplungsteiles im Schaubild wieder.

Fig. 12 ist eine zugehörige Seitenansicht.

In the drawings, various embodiments of the subject invention are shown.

Fig. 1 shows a first embodiment in the diagram in the coupled state of the two coupling parts.

2 is a side view,

Fig. 3 is an end view and

In the illustration, both the excavator boom and the working tool is omitted in order not to complicate the representation.

Fig. 5 shows the excavator boom to be mounted on the coupling part alone, without the coupling located on the working part and that in side view.

6 is a plan view of this coupling part,

Fig. 7 shows a section along line AA of Fig. 6 and

Fig. 8 is a section along line CC of FIG. 6 again.

9 shows a first embodiment of the coupling part to be attached to the working tool in the diagram.

Fig. 10 is a side view of this coupling part shown in Fig. 9.

FIG. 11 shows a further embodiment variant of the coupling part to be attached to or located on the working tool in the diagram.

Fig. 12 is an associated side view.

With respect to the attached to the working tool coupling part is still too note that the coupling parts protruding from the working tool do not necessarily As shown in Figs. 9 and 11 reproduced, be present several times on each side but it is sufficient for certain application variants also that the vertical Parts are provided on each side of the longitudinal center only individually, it depending on Requirement is possible, the corresponding vertical sections of the coupling part either on the inside or on the outside of the excavator boom ago can be arranged recessed coupling part.

The change-speed clutch according to the invention has one on the excavator boom fastened coupling part 1 and a to be fastened to the working tool Coupling part 2, wherein the two coupling parts on the one hand via a Hook connection 3 and on the other hand connected via a spline connection 4 are, wherein on both coupling parts additionally cooperating oblique Anlaufandrückflächen 5 are provided which pressed together by the spline connection be so as to achieve a play-free fit of the two coupling parts.

The excavator boom to be attached to the coupling part 1 has eyelets 6.7, through which push through the fastening bolts for attachment to the excavator boom and can be specified in it.

To achieve the hook connection 3 is on to the excavator boom fixing coupling part 1, a cross bar 8 for engaging in the on the Work tool to be fastened coupling part 2 provided hook provided. The Wedge connection is by a parallel to the cross bar 8 extending in the region of Wedge-shaped wedge-shaped, flattened rod 10 is formed, being used as counter surfaces on Coupling part 2 contact surfaces 11 are provided along which the wedge rod 10 so can be moved, that the coupling part 1 pulled into the coupling part 2 becomes. To fix the two coupling parts to each other, the mutual Andrückflächen 5 formed by the fact that on the coupling part 1, a pressure plate 12th is provided, which to corresponding counter-bearing surfaces 13 on the coupling part 2 in Plant can be brought. The inclination of the pressure plate 12 corresponds in the coupled state about the inclination of the Gegenandrückfläche 13, so that upon actuation of the wedge connection a Mutual Verspannen between wedge connection and Andrückflächen is given, the additionally also has the effect that due to the inclination of the pressing surfaces 5 of the cross bar 8 is pressed into the hooks 9. To move the wedge bar 10th a hydraulic piston-cylinder unit 15 is provided, which is arranged so that for insertion of the wedge bar 10 at the corresponding counter wedge surfaces 11, the hydraulic piston-cylinder unit in the sense of shortening the same is pressurized. This has the advantage that for opening a higher pressure can be used as for insertion of the wedge connection, with what possible Deadlocks can be prevented, or these jamming easier solved can be. To form the hook 9, the Keilanlauffläche 11 and the Gegenandrückfläche 13 is to be attached to the working tool coupling part 2 by Clutch plates 14,14 'formed, which with respect to the longitudinal center plane of the Working tool are arranged symmetrically. These coupling plates 14,14 'stand parallel to each other and are attached to a support plate 18. Cross connections to Connection of the plates with each other are not provided.

In the case of the excavator boom to be fastened coupling part 1 are support plates 16th provided on the one hand, the eyelets 6,7 and on the other hand, the cross bar 8 for hanging of the coupling part 1 in the hook 9 of the coupling part 2, wherein the cross bar. 8 the two support plates 16 connects to each other and these on the outside on both sides surmounted. Furthermore, the two support plates 16, which are also parallel to each other run and symmetrical to the longitudinal center plane of the working tool and also the Knickebene the excavator boom are still arranged by the pressure plate 12th connected with each other.

Between these two support plates 16 is additionally a connecting web 17th provided, which is attached via a central tab 20 on the cross bar 8 and of which on the side facing away from the tab 12 two mounting tabs 21 projecting are mounted, between which the hydraulic piston-cylinder unit 15th is pivotally mounted. The connecting tab 20 as well as the two Mounting tabs 21 are each cranked to the eyelets 6,7 out, causing the Longitudinal axis of the hydraulic piston-cylinder unit 15 approximately in the direction of movement of the Keilstabes 10 comes to rest. The wedge bar 10 is in the support plates 16 via Slots 23 out, and dominates the support plates on both sides of the outside. The Wedge surfaces on the wedge bar 10 are both at the between the support plates 16th located, these adjacent areas as well as on the support plates 16 outside provided for outstanding areas. The hydraulic piston-cylinder unit 15 engages on the wedge bar 10 in the middle, wherein the wedge rod 10 by a guide plate 22 in the axial Direction is led. The connection is made possible by any Wedge movements, e.g. Pivoting about its longitudinal axis, no moments on the hydraulic piston-cylinder unit are transmitted. This will be out of the box pivotal mounting of the hydraulic piston-cylinder unit still achieved by that the connection of the piston rod with the wedge bar 10 takes place with play and that such that on the one hand, the inner diameter of the eye of the piston rod is larger than that Outer diameter of the wedge bar 10 (about 1 mm difference) and that on the other hand, the axial fixing of the eye of the piston rod provided on the wedge bar retaining plates of The eyelet distanced (about 2 mm) are attached to the wedge bar. At these holding plates are the Guide plates 22 attached. Thus, e.g. with slight inclination of the wedge the mutually movable parts of the hydraulic piston-cylinder unit not inadmissible loaded.

The wedge bar 10 is formed as continuous, wherein it is in the region of Attachment of the hydraulic piston-cylinder unit fully, so circular held, on both sides of the articulation of the hydraulic piston-cylinder unit to a wedge surface flattened.

In the embodiment of the work tool to be fastened Coupling parts 2 of FIG. 9 and 10, this coupling part is also in relation to the vertical longitudinal center plane of the working tool formed symmetrically, i. that on each coupling plate a hook 9 to the opposite hook 9 'for the Hook connection 3 and corresponding counter-facing surfaces 11 'for the Wedge 4 and 13 'are provided for the system of the pressure plate 12. This is provided that e.g. a bucket on the one hand for the deep operation with the Opening downwards or for high operation with the opening upwards, with and can be attached to the same coupling tool. In this case, according to FIG. 2 In addition to the clutch plates 14 clutch plates 19 are provided, which are formed and arranged congruently with the coupling plates 14, wherein the Distance between the plates 14 and 19 is dimensioned so that the support plates 16 of the Clutch parts 1 can intervene therebetween. It then engages the support plate 14 respectively in the located on the outer sides of the support plate 16 areas of the transverse bar 8, the Keilstabes 10 and the support plate 12, wherein the plates 19 at the on the inside of the Support plate 16 located areas of the transverse bar 8, the wedge bar 10 and the support plate 12 attack.

The embodiment of FIG. 11 and 12 is for easy attachment provided, i. that the coupling part 2 with respect to the longitudinal center plane of the Work tool is not symmetrical, so that the relevant work tool only can be attached in a certain direction. Accordingly, each Clutch plate 14 of the coupling part 2 only a hook portion 9 and a Wedge contact surface 11 and contact surface 13 for the pressure plate 12 on. The additional Hook coupling plates 19 'are provided only in the hook area but not in the Area of the wedge connection or pressure plate.

An essential feature of the quick-change coupling according to the invention Located in that the mutual support of the individual parts of the hook connection with respect to the wedge connection in each case in mutually parallel planes, so that both the clutch plates 14 and 19 and the support plates 16 only on train be claimed, whereby a buckling or bending of the plates is prevented.

With 24 or 24 'is a free space between the wedge surface 11 and 11' and the Gegenandrückfläche 13 and 13 'is provided, which is dimensioned so that the Pressure plate 12 simultaneously with the fully retracted wedge bar 10th can be moved through to the pressure plate 12 on the Gegenandrückplatte 13 in To bring plant and the wedge rod 10 to move against the wedge ramp surface 11.

To couple a tool to an excavator boom, the excavator boom lowered with its coupling part 1 so that the cross bar 8 in the hook 9 of Hook connection 3 engages, after which then the pressure plate 12 and the wedge bar 10th by pivoting the coupling part 1 through the free space 24 therethrough is lowered until the pressure plate 12 abuts the Gegenandrückfläche 13. After that is using the hydraulic piston-cylinder unit 15 of the wedge rod 10 in the direction Wedge casserole 11 moves, and after concern of the wedge bar 10 so long at this Wedge running surface 11 transversely to the Keilstablängsrichtung shifted until a full concern the pressure plate 12 is present at the Gegenandrückfläche 13, wherein due to the inclination the individual parts of the coupling part 1 along the Gegenandrückfläche 13 in the direction moved to the hook 9, that the cross bar 8 is mounted without play in the hook 9. In this position is then fixed the hydraulic piston-cylinder unit or it is the Pressure maintained until a decoupling is to take place.

Upon completion of the work, the work tool on the ground set up, after which then the hydraulic piston-cylinder unit 15 in the sense of Extension is pressurized, causing the wedge rod 10 now from the Keilanlauffläche 11 is moved away, and that until the wedge rod 10 in the area the free space 24 comes to rest. Thereafter, by panning the Clutch parts 1 to the cross bar 8 in the hook 9 of the hook connection 3 of Coupling part 1 in the region of the pressing surfaces 5 and 4 of the wedge connection Coupling part 2 can be solved and then then the cross bar 8 from the hook 9 of the hook connection 3 are moved out.

Should be in the embodiment of FIG. 9 and 10, the working tool differently directed, so twisted by 180 °, be coupled to the excavator boom, then it is done Coupling via the hooks 9 ', the wedge abutment surfaces 11' and the abutment surface 13 ', the hooks 9, the wedge abutment surfaces 11 and the abutment surface 13 without Function are.

Claims (11)

Quick-change coupling for attachment of the working tools on an excavator boom, wherein on the working tool and on the excavator boom each a coupling body part is arranged, wherein the two coupling body parts are fixed by a hook connection and acting as a counter-wedge locking with mutual pressing surfaces against each other, characterized in that the working tool on both sides of the median plane to this parallel at least one coupling plate (14,14 ') is provided, which in a plane receiving the receiving both the hook connection (3) and the spline connection (4), wherein the coupling plates (14,14') to each other are congruent. Quick-change coupling according to Claim 1, characterized in that support plates (16, 16 ') running parallel to the coupling plates (14) on the excavator boom on both sides of the kinked plane of the jib for the hooks to be suspended or fixed in the recesses of the coupling plates (14) Counterparts are provided. Quick-change coupling according to Claim 2, characterized in that the counterpiece for the wedge lock (4) is formed by a wedge bar (10) extending transversely to the planes of the support plates (16), which is guided in a path (26) rising obliquely away from the working tool , Quick-change coupling according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the wedge bar (10) passes through the support plates (16) and protrudes on the outer sides of the support plates facing away from the excavator boom, the wedge profile being provided on both sides of each of the support plates. Quick-change coupling according to Claims 2 to 4, characterized in that the counterparts for the hook connection are formed by a transverse bar (8) which passes through the support plates (16) and protrudes on the outer sides of the support plates facing away from the excavator boom. Quick-change coupling according to Claims 3 to 5, characterized in that a hydraulic piston-cylinder unit (15) is provided for actuating the wedge bar (10), which is fully extended when the wedge lock (4) is unlocked. Quick-change coupling according to Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the receiving recesses of the coupling plate (14) are symmetrical with respect to the vertical median plane extending transversely to the plane of the plate. Quick-change coupling according to Claims 1 to 7, characterized in that two coupling plates (14, 14 ') are provided on each side of the longitudinal center plane, wherein the support plates (16) can be inserted into the intermediate space between the adjacent coupling plates. Quick-change coupling according to Claims 6 to 8, characterized in that the hydraulic piston-cylinder unit (15) is supported with its end facing away from the wedge bar (10) on the transverse bar (8) belonging to the hook connection. Quick-change coupling according to claim 9, characterized in that in order to support the hydraulic piston-cylinder unit (15) in the direction of attachment of the excavator jib cranked tabs (20,21) are provided, which are secured against pivoting relative to the support plates (16). Quick-change coupling according to one of claims 6-10, characterized in that the connection between the hydraulic piston-cylinder unit (15) and the wedge rod (10) takes place while keeping clearance free.

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