EP1516849B1 - Crane - Google Patents

Crane Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1516849B1
EP1516849B1 EP04020892A EP04020892A EP1516849B1 EP 1516849 B1 EP1516849 B1 EP 1516849B1 EP 04020892 A EP04020892 A EP 04020892A EP 04020892 A EP04020892 A EP 04020892A EP 1516849 B1 EP1516849 B1 EP 1516849B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
crane
auxiliary
ballast
erecting frame
revolving superstructure
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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EP04020892A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1516849A3 (en
EP1516849A2 (en
Inventor
Hans-Dieter Willim
Uwe Frommelt
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Liebherr Werk Ehingen GmbH
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Liebherr Werk Ehingen GmbH
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Publication of EP1516849A2 publication Critical patent/EP1516849A2/en
Publication of EP1516849A3 publication Critical patent/EP1516849A3/en
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Publication of EP1516849B1 publication Critical patent/EP1516849B1/en
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66CCRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C23/00Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
    • B66C23/62Constructional features or details
    • B66C23/72Counterweights or supports for balancing lifting couples
    • B66C23/74Counterweights or supports for balancing lifting couples separate from jib

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a crane with a rotatable about an upright axle superstructure, a rocker hinged to the superstructure about a horizontal axis boom, a luffing device for rocking up and down the boom, and a counteracting the moment of the boom operating ballast, a Tarrichteangesrahmen is provided which can be fastened to the superstructure and / or the operating ballast and can be attached to the rear with an erecting auxiliary ballast for erecting the jib, wherein the erecting auxiliary frame has attachment means for attaching an additional ballast as erecting auxiliary ballast.
  • a crane is known for example from EP 0 779 235 A2, which corresponds to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the present invention is therefore an object of the invention to provide an improved crane of the type mentioned above, which avoids the disadvantages of the prior art and the latter further develops in an advantageous manner.
  • the erection of very long boom combinations should be achieved without having to provide superfluous ballast for operation.
  • the crane is characterized in that a erecting auxiliary frame is provided which can be attached to the uppercarriage and / or the operating ballast in a projecting manner and can be connected to an erecting auxiliary ballast for erecting the outrigger.
  • the Aufrichtewhisrahmen can be mounted on the back of the superstructure or the attached operating ballast so that it protrudes from the opposite back of the boom backwards and has an extended lever arm to which the Aufrichteosballast can be attached.
  • the erecting auxiliary ballast is specially attached to the erecting auxiliary frame for erecting the boom and removed for crane operation.
  • a mobile auxiliary crane which is used to assemble the crane, can be attached to the erecting auxiliary frame.
  • the erecting auxiliary frame has for this purpose suitable coupling means to which the auxiliary crane can be attached as Aufrichteangesballast.
  • the use of the mobile auxiliary crane, which actually serves to build the crane, as an additional ballast has the advantage that additional low-loader can be saved with which otherwise additional revolving stage ballast would have to be transported to the site.
  • the erecting auxiliary frame for crane operation can be moved from its rearwardly projecting position into a further crane operating position, in which the erecting auxiliary frame lies substantially within the pivot range defined by the superstructure or the operating ballast attached thereto.
  • the rearwardly projecting erection frame would be troublesome, so that it can advantageously be removed from its rearwardly projecting upright position.
  • the erection frame can be pivoted on the uppercarriage and / or the operating ballast and pivoted by a pivoting device between the rearwardly projecting upright position and a crane operating position.
  • the pivot axis about which the erection frame can be pivoted advantageously extends substantially horizontally in the region of the superstructure, so that the erection frame can be pivoted upwards by the pivoting device into said crane operating position.
  • the pivoting device can basically be designed differently.
  • at least one hydraulic power lift is provided for upward pivoting of the erecting auxiliary frame.
  • the erection frame can be releasably secured and dismountable with releasable attachment means.
  • the erecting frame can be completely disassembled after erection of the jib, so that there is no disturbing effect of the erection frame in crane operation.
  • the previously described embodiment according to which the erection frame can be brought into an upwardly pivoted crane operating position, has the advantage that the erection frame can be used as additional ballast.
  • the attachment means of Aufrichteangesrahmens where the Aufrichteosballast can be suspended, in the invention may have two spaced apart in the longitudinal direction of Aufrichteangesrahmens fasteners whose distance from each other is adjustable.
  • the adjustable distance of the suspension points makes it possible to use different sized mobile auxiliary cranes as Aufrichteangesballast.
  • the auxiliary cranes can be hung on their ground supports. Insofar as their distance may vary depending on the mobile crane, it allows the variable-spacing design of the fasteners on the erecting auxiliary frame to attach differently shaped auxiliary cranes to the erecting auxiliary frame.
  • the fastening elements can also be arranged at a fixed, unchanged distance on the erecting auxiliary frame, if it is sufficient to work with only a certain additional ballast or mobile auxiliary crane.
  • the fastening elements may be formed by cross members, of which at least one is arranged variable in the longitudinal direction of the erecting auxiliary frame, preferably displaceable on the erecting auxiliary frame.
  • the cross members cantilever transversely to the longitudinal direction of the erecting auxiliary frame beyond this. They may have at their ends hooks or other suitable fastening means to which supporting cables or the like for attaching the erecting auxiliary ballast can be attached.
  • the trailing means of Aufrichteangesrahmens have a height adjustment device to compensate for differences in level between the crane and the Aufrichteangesrahmen attached thereto and the Aufrichteosballast, z. B. when the ground behind the crane is slightly inclined.
  • the height adjustment device can be designed differently.
  • the height adjustment device is designed such that each breakpoint of the towing means is separately height adjustable. It can be assigned in a development of the invention each fastener each have a threaded spindle, by means of which the attachment point is adjustable in height.
  • the erection frame In order to build the erection frame easily, could in principle be provided a bracing for Aufrichteangesrahmen, with which this is attached to the bracing of the boom. In a further development of the invention, however, the erection frame can be fastened free of bracing on the superstructure. As a result, the assembly is facilitated. Guy ropes or rods do not need to be mounted.
  • the erection frame may vary in length.
  • the projecting over the operating ballast to the rear cantilever of the erection frame is preferably adapted to the length of the erecting boom that a sufficient Aufrichteangesballast sufficient.
  • the erecting auxiliary frame may have a projecting beyond the operating ballast to the rear cantilever length, which corresponds at least to the distance of the operating ballast center of gravity of the upper carriage rotation axis.
  • the crane shown in the figures has an undercarriage 1 with a chassis 2, which is designed in the illustrated embodiment as a crawler track and two right and left arranged caterpillar tracks.
  • a revolving stage or a superstructure 4 is rotatable about an upright axis of rotation 3 stored.
  • the uppercarriage 4 carries a boom 5, which is articulated about a horizontal rocking axis 6 on the superstructure 4 and in a conventional manner a hoist rope can run off over its tip.
  • this carries an operating ballast 7, which counteracts the tilting moment induced by the boom 5 and a load attached thereto.
  • the boom 5 can be about a guy 8 to the rocker axis 6 up and tipped off and erected from the position shown in the drawings.
  • the bracing 8 is guided over a support arm 9 in order to give the bracing 8 a more favorable lever arm.
  • the support arm 9 is pivotable about an axis parallel to the Wippachse 6 axis.
  • the bracing is performed in a conventional manner over multiple reeved adjustment cables 10 in the area of the operating ballast 7 on the superstructure.
  • a Aufrichteosausleger 11 is bolted to the rear of the superstructure 4 with locking bolts.
  • the erecting auxiliary frame 11 preferably consists of two parallel longitudinal members, which are welded together by a plurality of transverse profiles. It is understood, however, that the erecting auxiliary frame 11 could also be designed as a truss or otherwise.
  • the Aufrichteosrahmen 11 extends in a flat uprising of the crane substantially horizontally to the rear, substantially at the level of the top of the upper carriage 4. In any case, the Aufrichteosrahmen 11 is arranged so high that a mobile auxiliary crane, which is used to build the crane , is mobile under him.
  • cross member 12 On the top of Aufrichteosrahmens 11 cross member 12 are mounted, which protrude laterally beyond the Aufrichteosrahmen 11 and are arranged in this position in the longitudinal direction of the Aufrichteosrahmens 11 position variable.
  • the crossbeams 12 may for example be mounted longitudinally displaceable on the Aufrichteangesrahmen 11 and fixed in different positions.
  • vertically effective threaded spindles 13 are provided which carry fasteners, for example in the form of hooks on which steel ropes can be attached to attach the Aufrichteosballasts. With the help of the threaded spindles 13, the breakpoint of the fasteners 14 can be adjusted in height to compensate for differences in level between the erecting auxiliary frame 11 and the ground below.
  • the cross member 12 are advantageously spaced apart such that their distance corresponds to the distance of bottom supports of the auxiliary crane.
  • the floor supports, which are extended laterally out of the auxiliary crane, are attached by means of steel bars 15 to the cross members 12, so that the auxiliary crane forms a erecting auxiliary ballast 16.
  • the erecting auxiliary frame 11 can in principle be rigidly bolted to the superstructure 4, so that it assumes the upright position drawn in the figures.
  • the erecting auxiliary frame is then aborted and removed.
  • the operating ballast 7 alone is sufficient for the operation of the crane, especially when it is operated only with a steep upright boom.
  • the Aufrichteosrahmen 11 may also be pivotally mounted on the upper carriage 4, and advantageously about an axis parallel to the Wippachse 6 axis.
  • the Aufrichteosrahmen 11 can be assigned a pivot drive 17, for example in the form of a hydraulic linkage, with the help of which (2004)richteosrahmen 11 can be pivoted from the substantially horizontal rearwardly projecting upright position in an operating position upwards, which is indicated by dashed lines in Figure 2.
  • In the upwardly pivoted operating position of Aufrichteosrahmen 11 is at least so far swung that he swivels over obstacles standing on the ground.
  • the erecting auxiliary frame 11 can be pivoted so far upwards that it comes to rest within the pivoting circle defined by the trailing edge of the upper carriage 4. In comparison to FIG. 2, the erecting auxiliary frame would still have to be pivoted further upwards.
  • the Aufrichteangesrahmen in the region of its articulation may have a U-shaped profile, so that the stranding can pass between the two legs.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Jib Cranes (AREA)

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft einen Kran mit einem um eine aufrechte Achse drehbaren Oberwagen, einem am Oberwagen um eine horizontale Achse wippbar angelenkten Ausleger, einer Wippvorrichtung zum Auf- und Abwippen des Auslegers, sowie einem dem Moment des Auslegers entgegenwirkenden Betriebsballast, wobei ein Aufrichtehilfsrahmen vorgesehen ist, der an dem Oberwagen und/oder dem Betriebsballast nach hinten auskragend befestigbar und mit einem Aufrichtehilfsballast für das Aufrichten des Auslegers verbindbar ist, wobei der Aufrichtehilfsrahmen Anhängemittel zum Anhängen eines Zusatzballasts als Aufrichtehilfsballast aufweist. Ein solcher Kran ist beispielsweise aus der EP 0 779 235 A2 bekannt, welche dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 entspricht.The present invention relates to a crane with a rotatable about an upright axle superstructure, a rocker hinged to the superstructure about a horizontal axis boom, a luffing device for rocking up and down the boom, and a counteracting the moment of the boom operating ballast, a Aufrichtehilfsrahmen is provided which can be fastened to the superstructure and / or the operating ballast and can be attached to the rear with an erecting auxiliary ballast for erecting the jib, wherein the erecting auxiliary frame has attachment means for attaching an additional ballast as erecting auxiliary ballast. Such a crane is known for example from EP 0 779 235 A2, which corresponds to the preamble of claim 1.

Beim Aufrichten von sehr langen Auslegern besteht das Problem, dass die am Boden liegenden Ausleger einen sehr großen Hebelarm besitzen und dementsprechend ein großes Moment induzieren. Um dieses auszugleichen, muss ein entsprechend schwerer Gegenballast am Kran angebracht werden, damit der Ausleger überhaupt aufgerichtet werden kann. Andererseits ist im Kranbetrieb oftmals ein so großer Ballast nicht erforderlich, da bei bestimmten Anwendungen der Kranausleger stets in relativ steiler Wippstellung gefahren wird. Um den Kranausleger dennoch mit einem verhältnismäßig kleineren Betriebsballast aufrichten zu können, wurde bereits vorgeschlagen, eine vor dem Oberwagen des Krans angeordnete Zusatzabstützung vorzusehen, die beim Aufrichten des Auslegers ein Nachvornekippen des Krans verhindert. Solche Zusatzabstützungen erfordern jedoch regelmäßig das Vorsehen entsprechender Fundamente.When erecting very long jibs, there is the problem that the jibs lying on the ground have a very large lever arm and accordingly induce a large moment. To compensate for this, a correspondingly heavy counter ballast must be attached to the crane, so that the boom can be erected at all. On the other hand, in crane operation often such a large ballast is not required because in certain applications, the crane boom is always driven in relatively steep rocking position. In order to raise the crane boom still with a relatively smaller operating ballast, it has been proposed to provide an arranged in front of the superstructure of the crane additional support, which prevents the erection of the boom Nachvornekippen the crane. However, such additional supports regularly require the provision of appropriate foundations.

Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen verbesserten Kran der eingangs genannten Art zu schaffen, der Nachteile des Standes der Technik vermeidet und letzteren in vorteilhafter Weise weiterbildet. Vorzugsweise soll das Aufrichten auch sehr langer Auslegerkombinationen erreicht werden, ohne für den Betrieb überflüssigen Ballast vorsehen zu müssen.The present invention is therefore an object of the invention to provide an improved crane of the type mentioned above, which avoids the disadvantages of the prior art and the latter further develops in an advantageous manner. Preferably, the erection of very long boom combinations should be achieved without having to provide superfluous ballast for operation.

Erfindungsgemäß wird diese Aufgabe durch einen Kran gemäß Anspruch 1 gelöst. Bevorzugte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind Gegenstand der abhängigen Ansprüche.According to the invention, this object is achieved by a crane according to claim 1. Preferred embodiments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims.

Erfindungsgemäß zeichnet sich der Kran also dadurch aus, dass ein Aufrichtehilfsrahmen vorgesehen ist, der an dem Oberwagen und/oder dem Betriebsballast nach hinten auskragend befestigbar und mit einem Aufrichtehilfsballast für das Aufrichten des Auslegers verbindbar ist. Der Aufrichtehilfsrahmen kann dabei derart an der Rückseite des Oberwagens bzw. dem daran befestigten Betriebsballast angebracht werden, dass er von der dem Ausleger gegenüberliegenden Rückseite des Oberwagens nach hinten auskragt und einen verlängerten Hebelarm besitzt, an dem der Aufrichtehilfsballast befestigt werden kann. Der Aufrichtehilfsballast wird speziell zum Aufrichten des Auslegers an dem Aufrichtehilfsrahmen befestigt und für den Kranbetrieb entfernt. Durch den Aufrichtehilfsrahmen besitzt er einen sehr großen Hebelarm, der ein Nachvornekippen des Krans beim Aufrichten auch langer Ausleger verhindert. Erfindungsgemäß kann an den Aufrichtehilfsrahmen ein mobiler Hilfskran angehängt werden, der zum Zusammenbau des Krans Verwendung findet. Der Aufrichtehilfsrahmen besitzt hierzu geeignete Anhängemittel, an die der Hilfskran als Aufrichtehilfsballast angehängt werden kann. Die Verwendung des mobilen Hilfskrans, der eigentlich dem Aufbauen des Krans dient, als Zusatzballast besitzt den Vorteil, dass zusätzliche Tieflader eingespart werden können, mit denen ansonsten zusätzlicher Drehbühnenballast an die Baustelle transportiert werden müsste.According to the invention, therefore, the crane is characterized in that a erecting auxiliary frame is provided which can be attached to the uppercarriage and / or the operating ballast in a projecting manner and can be connected to an erecting auxiliary ballast for erecting the outrigger. The Aufrichtehilfsrahmen can be mounted on the back of the superstructure or the attached operating ballast so that it protrudes from the opposite back of the boom backwards and has an extended lever arm to which the Aufrichtehilfsballast can be attached. The erecting auxiliary ballast is specially attached to the erecting auxiliary frame for erecting the boom and removed for crane operation. Thanks to the erecting auxiliary frame, it has a very large lever arm, which prevents the crane from tipping forward when erecting even long outriggers. According to the invention, a mobile auxiliary crane, which is used to assemble the crane, can be attached to the erecting auxiliary frame. The erecting auxiliary frame has for this purpose suitable coupling means to which the auxiliary crane can be attached as Aufrichtehilfsballast. The use of the mobile auxiliary crane, which actually serves to build the crane, as an additional ballast has the advantage that additional low-loader can be saved with which otherwise additional revolving stage ballast would have to be transported to the site.

In Weiterbildung der Erfindung ist der Aufrichtehilfsrahmen für den Kranbetrieb aus seiner nach hinten auskragenden Stellung in eine weitere Kranbetriebsstellung bringbar, in der der Aufrichtehilfsrahmen im wesentlichen innerhalb des vom Oberwagen bzw. dem daran befestigten Betriebsballast definierten Schwenkbereichs liegt. Für den Kranbetrieb wäre der nach hinten auskragende Aufrichterahmen störend, so dass er vorteilhafterweise aus seiner nach hinten auskragenden Aufrichtestellung entfernt werden kann.In a development of the invention, the erecting auxiliary frame for crane operation can be moved from its rearwardly projecting position into a further crane operating position, in which the erecting auxiliary frame lies substantially within the pivot range defined by the superstructure or the operating ballast attached thereto. For crane operation, the rearwardly projecting erection frame would be troublesome, so that it can advantageously be removed from its rearwardly projecting upright position.

Insbesondere kann der Aufrichterahmen schwenkbar am Oberwagen und/oder dem Betriebsballast angelenkt und durch eine Schwenkvorrichtung zwischen der nach hinten auskragenden Aufrichtestellung und einer Kranbetriebsstellung verschwenkt werden. Die Schwenkachse, um die der Aufrichterahmen geschwenkt werden kann, erstreckt sich vorteilhafterweise im wesentlichen horizontal im Bereich des Oberwagens, so dass der Aufrichterahmen durch die Schwenkvorrichtung nach oben in die genannte Kranbetriebsstellung geschwenkt werden kann. Die Schwenkvorrichtung kann grundsätzlich verschieden ausgebildet sein. Nach einer bevorzugten Ausführung der Erfindung ist zumindest ein hydraulischer Kraftheber zum Nachobenschwenken des Aufrichtehilfsrahmens vorgesehen.In particular, the erection frame can be pivoted on the uppercarriage and / or the operating ballast and pivoted by a pivoting device between the rearwardly projecting upright position and a crane operating position. The pivot axis about which the erection frame can be pivoted advantageously extends substantially horizontally in the region of the superstructure, so that the erection frame can be pivoted upwards by the pivoting device into said crane operating position. The pivoting device can basically be designed differently. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, at least one hydraulic power lift is provided for upward pivoting of the erecting auxiliary frame.

Vorteilhafterweise kann der Aufrichterahmen mit lösbaren Befestigungsmitteln lösbar befestigt und demontierbar sein. Hierdurch kann der Aufrichterahmen nach dem Aufrichten des Auslegers gänzlich demontiert werden, so dass im Kranbetrieb keinerlei störende Wirkung des Aufrichterahmens gegeben ist. Andererseits besitzt die zuvor beschriebene Ausführung, wonach der Aufrichterahmen in eine nach oben geschwenkte Kranbetriebsstellung gebracht werden kann, den Vorteil, dass der Aufrichterahmen als zusätzlicher Ballast Verwendung finden kann.Advantageously, the erection frame can be releasably secured and dismountable with releasable attachment means. As a result, the erecting frame can be completely disassembled after erection of the jib, so that there is no disturbing effect of the erection frame in crane operation. On the other hand, the previously described embodiment, according to which the erection frame can be brought into an upwardly pivoted crane operating position, has the advantage that the erection frame can be used as additional ballast.

Die Anhängemittel des Aufrichtehilfsrahmens, an denen der Aufrichtehilfsballast aufgehängt werden kann, können in Weiterbildung der Erfindung zwei in Längsrichtung des Aufrichtehilfsrahmens voneinander beabstandete Befestigungselemente aufweisen, deren Abstand voneinander einstellbar ist. Der einstellbare Abstand der Aufhängepunkte erlaubt es, verschieden große mobile Hilfskrane als Aufrichtehilfsballast zu verwenden. Insbesondere können die Hilfskrane an ihren Bodenabstützungen aufgehängt werden. Insofern als deren Abstand je nach Mobilkran variieren kann, erlaubt es die abstandsveränderliche Ausbildung der Befestigungselemente an dem Aufrichtehilfsrahmen, verschieden ausgebildete Hilfskräne an dem Aufrichtehilfsrahmen anzuhängen. Gegebenenfalls können die Befestigungselemente jedoch auch in fest vorgegebenem, unverändertem Abstand an dem Aufrichtehilfsrahmen angeordnet sein, wenn es ausreichend ist, mit nur einem bestimmten Zusatzballast bzw. Mobilhilfskran zu arbeiten.The attachment means of Aufrichtehilfsrahmens, where the Aufrichtehilfsballast can be suspended, in the invention may have two spaced apart in the longitudinal direction of Aufrichtehilfsrahmens fasteners whose distance from each other is adjustable. The adjustable distance of the suspension points makes it possible to use different sized mobile auxiliary cranes as Aufrichtehilfsballast. In particular, the auxiliary cranes can be hung on their ground supports. Insofar as their distance may vary depending on the mobile crane, it allows the variable-spacing design of the fasteners on the erecting auxiliary frame to attach differently shaped auxiliary cranes to the erecting auxiliary frame. However, if necessary, the fastening elements can also be arranged at a fixed, unchanged distance on the erecting auxiliary frame, if it is sufficient to work with only a certain additional ballast or mobile auxiliary crane.

In Weiterbildung der Erfindung können die Befestigungselemente von Querträgern gebildet sein, von denen zumindest einer in Längsrichtung des Aufrichtehilfsrahmens veränderbar, vorzugsweise verschieblich an dem Aufrichtehilfsrahmen angeordnet ist. Die Querträger kragen quer zur Längsrichtung des Aufrichtehilfsrahmens über diesen hinaus. Sie können an ihren Enden Haken oder andere geeignete Befestigungsmittel besitzen, an denen Tragseile oder dergleichen zum Anhängen des Aufrichtehilfsballasts befestigt werden können.In a further development of the invention, the fastening elements may be formed by cross members, of which at least one is arranged variable in the longitudinal direction of the erecting auxiliary frame, preferably displaceable on the erecting auxiliary frame. The cross members cantilever transversely to the longitudinal direction of the erecting auxiliary frame beyond this. They may have at their ends hooks or other suitable fastening means to which supporting cables or the like for attaching the erecting auxiliary ballast can be attached.

In Weiterbildung der Erfindung besitzen die Anhängemittel des Aufrichtehilfsrahmens eine Höheneinstellvorrichtung, um Niveauunterschiede zwischen dem Kran und dem daran befestigten Aufrichtehilfsrahmen und dem Aufrichtehilfsballast ausgleichen zu können, z. B. dann, wenn der Boden hinter dem Kran leicht geneigt verläuft. Die Höheneinstellvorrichtung kann verschieden ausgebildet sein. Vorzugsweise ist die Höheneinstellvorrichtung derart ausgebildet, dass jeder Haltepunkt der Anhängemittel separat höheneinstellbar ist. Es können in Weiterbildung der Erfindung jedem Befestigungselement jeweils eine Gewindespindel zugeordnet sein, mit Hilfe derer der Anhängepunkt höheneinstellbar ist.In a further development of the invention, the trailing means of Aufrichtehilfsrahmens have a height adjustment device to compensate for differences in level between the crane and the Aufrichtehilfsrahmen attached thereto and the Aufrichtehilfsballast, z. B. when the ground behind the crane is slightly inclined. The height adjustment device can be designed differently. Preferably, the height adjustment device is designed such that each breakpoint of the towing means is separately height adjustable. It can be assigned in a development of the invention each fastener each have a threaded spindle, by means of which the attachment point is adjustable in height.

Um den Aufrichterahmen leicht bauen zu können, könnte grundsätzlich eine Abspannung für den Aufrichtehilfsrahmen vorgesehen sein, mit der dieser an der Abspannung des Auslegers angehängt wird. In Weiterbildung der Erfindung kann der Aufrichterahmen jedoch auch frei von Abspannungen am Oberwagen befestigt sein. Hierdurch wird die Montage erleichtert. Abspannseile oder -stangen brauchen nicht montiert zu werden.In order to build the erection frame easily, could in principle be provided a bracing for Aufrichtehilfsrahmen, with which this is attached to the bracing of the boom. In a further development of the invention, however, the erection frame can be fastened free of bracing on the superstructure. As a result, the assembly is facilitated. Guy ropes or rods do not need to be mounted.

Der Aufrichterahmen kann in seiner Länge variieren. Die über den Betriebsballast nach hinten hinaus auskragende Kraglänge des Aufrichterahmens wird vorzugsweise so an die Länge des aufzurichtenden Auslegers angepasst, dass ein geeigneter Aufrichtehilfsballast ausreicht. Nach einer Ausführung der Erfindung kann der Aufrichtehilfsrahmen eine über den Betriebsballast nach hinten hinausragende Kraglänge besitzen, die zumindest dem Abstand des Betriebsballastschwerpunkts von der Oberwagendrehachse entspricht.The erection frame may vary in length. The projecting over the operating ballast to the rear cantilever of the erection frame is preferably adapted to the length of the erecting boom that a sufficient Aufrichtehilfsballast sufficient. According to one embodiment of the invention, the erecting auxiliary frame may have a projecting beyond the operating ballast to the rear cantilever length, which corresponds at least to the distance of the operating ballast center of gravity of the upper carriage rotation axis.

Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand eines bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiels und zugehöriger Zeichnungen näher erläutert. In den Zeichnungen zeigen:

Fig. 1:
eine schematische Seitenansicht eines Raupenkrans mit drehbarem Oberwagen, an dem ein noch am Boden liegender Ausleger angelenkt ist, den es aufzurichten gilt, wobei an der Rückseite der Drehbühne ein Aufrichtehilfsrahmen mit daran angehängtem mobilen Hilfskran als Aufrichtehilfsballast befestigt ist, und
Fig. 2:
eine schematische Seitenansicht des Krans aus Fig. 1, wobei an dem Aufrichtehilfsrahmen anstelle des Hilfskrans ein üblicher Plattenballast als Aufrichtehilfsballast angehängt ist.
The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to a preferred embodiment and associated drawings. In the drawings show:
Fig. 1:
a schematic side view of a crawler crane with a rotatable superstructure, on which a still lying on the floor boom is erected, where it is attached to the back of the revolving platform Aufrichtehilfsrahmen attached thereto mobile auxiliary crane as Aufrichtehilfsballast, and
Fig. 2:
a schematic side view of the crane of Fig. 1, wherein a conventional plate ballast is attached as Aufrichtehilfsballast to the Aufrichtehilfsrahmen instead of the auxiliary crane.

Der in den Figuren gezeigte Kran besitzt einen Unterwagen 1 mit einem Fahrwerk 2, das in der gezeichneten Ausführung als Raupenfahrwerk ausgebildet ist und zwei rechts und links angeordnete Raupenketten umfasst. Auf dem Unterwagen 1 ist um eine aufrechte Drehachse 3 eine Drehbühne bzw. ein Oberwagen 4 drehbar gelagert. Der Oberwagen 4 trägt einen Ausleger 5, der um eine horizontale Wippachse 6 an dem Oberwagen 4 angelenkt ist und in an sich üblicher Weise ein Hubseil über seine Spitze ablaufen lässt.The crane shown in the figures has an undercarriage 1 with a chassis 2, which is designed in the illustrated embodiment as a crawler track and two right and left arranged caterpillar tracks. On the undercarriage 1, a revolving stage or a superstructure 4 is rotatable about an upright axis of rotation 3 stored. The uppercarriage 4 carries a boom 5, which is articulated about a horizontal rocking axis 6 on the superstructure 4 and in a conventional manner a hoist rope can run off over its tip.

An dem der Anlenkstelle des Auslegers 5 gegenüberliegenden Rückseite des Oberwagens 4 trägt dieser einen Betriebsballast 7, der dem vom Ausleger 5 bzw. einer daran hängenden Last induzierten Kippmoment entgegenwirkt.At the opposite side of the articulation of the boom 5 of the superstructure 4 this carries an operating ballast 7, which counteracts the tilting moment induced by the boom 5 and a load attached thereto.

Der Ausleger 5 kann über eine Abspannung 8 um die Wippachse 6 auf- und abgewippt sowie aus der in den Zeichnungen gezeigten Stellung aufgerichtet werden. Die Abspannung 8 ist über einen Stützausleger 9 geführt, um der Abspannung 8 einen günstigeren Hebelarm zu geben. Der Stützausleger 9 ist um eine zur Wippachse 6 parallele Achse schwenkbar. Die Abspannung wird in an sich bekannter Weise über mehrfach eingescherte Verstellseile 10 im Bereich des Betriebsballasts 7 auf den Oberwagen geführt.The boom 5 can be about a guy 8 to the rocker axis 6 up and tipped off and erected from the position shown in the drawings. The bracing 8 is guided over a support arm 9 in order to give the bracing 8 a more favorable lever arm. The support arm 9 is pivotable about an axis parallel to the Wippachse 6 axis. The bracing is performed in a conventional manner over multiple reeved adjustment cables 10 in the area of the operating ballast 7 on the superstructure.

Um das Aufrichten des ggf. sehr langen Auslegers 5 aus der in den Figuren gezeichneten am Boden abgelegten Stellung bei nur begrenztem Betriebsballast, der dafür eigentlich zu gering wäre, zu erlauben, ist an der Rückseite des Oberwagens 4 ein Aufrichtehilfsausleger 11 mit Verriegelungsbolzen angebolzt. Der Aufrichtehilfsrahmen 11 besteht vorzugsweise aus zwei parallelen Längsträgern, die durch mehrere Querprofile miteinander verschweißt sind. Es versteht sich, dass der Aufrichtehilfsrahmen 11 jedoch auch als Fachwerkträger oder anders ausgebildet sein könnte. Der Aufrichtehilfsrahmen 11 erstreckt sich bei ebenem Aufstand des Krans im wesentlichen horizontal nach hinten, im wesentlichen in der Höhe der Oberseite des Oberwagens 4. Auf alle Fälle ist der Aufrichtehilfsrahmen 11 so hoch angeordnet, dass ein mobiler Hilfskran, der zum Aufbau des Krans Verwendung findet, unter ihn fahrbar ist.To erect the possibly very long boom 5 from the drawn in the figures deposited on the ground position with only limited operating ballast, which would actually be too low to allow, a Aufrichtehilfsausleger 11 is bolted to the rear of the superstructure 4 with locking bolts. The erecting auxiliary frame 11 preferably consists of two parallel longitudinal members, which are welded together by a plurality of transverse profiles. It is understood, however, that the erecting auxiliary frame 11 could also be designed as a truss or otherwise. The Aufrichtehilfsrahmen 11 extends in a flat uprising of the crane substantially horizontally to the rear, substantially at the level of the top of the upper carriage 4. In any case, the Aufrichtehilfsrahmen 11 is arranged so high that a mobile auxiliary crane, which is used to build the crane , is mobile under him.

Auf der Oberseite des Aufrichtehilfsrahmens 11 sind Querträger 12 angebracht, die seitlich über den Aufrichtehilfsrahmen 11 hinauskragen und auf diesem in Längsrichtung des Aufrichtehilfsrahmens 11 lageveränderbar angeordnet sind. Die Querträger 12 können beispielsweise längsverschieblich auf dem Aufrichtehilfsrahmen 11 gelagert sein und in verschiedenen Stellungen fixiert werden. An den Enden der Querträger 12 sind vertikal wirksame Gewindespindeln 13 vorgesehen, die Befestigungselemente beispielsweise in Form von Haken tragen, an denen Stahltrossen zum Anhängen des Aufrichtehilfsballasts befestigt werden können. Mit Hilfe der Gewindespindeln 13 kann der Haltepunkt der Befestigungselemente 14 höheneingestellt werden, um Niveauunterschiede zwischen dem Aufrichtehilfsrahmen 11 und dem Boden darunter ausgleichen zu können.On the top of Aufrichtehilfsrahmens 11 cross member 12 are mounted, which protrude laterally beyond the Aufrichtehilfsrahmen 11 and are arranged in this position in the longitudinal direction of the Aufrichtehilfsrahmens 11 position variable. The crossbeams 12 may for example be mounted longitudinally displaceable on the Aufrichtehilfsrahmen 11 and fixed in different positions. At the ends of the cross member 12 vertically effective threaded spindles 13 are provided which carry fasteners, for example in the form of hooks on which steel ropes can be attached to attach the Aufrichtehilfsballasts. With the help of the threaded spindles 13, the breakpoint of the fasteners 14 can be adjusted in height to compensate for differences in level between the erecting auxiliary frame 11 and the ground below.

Wie Figur 1 zeigt, werden die Querträger 12 vorteilhafterweise derart voneinander beabstandet, dass ihr Abstand dem Abstand von Bodenabstützungen des Hilfskrans entspricht. Die seitlich aus dem Hilfskran ausgefahrenen Bodenstützen werden mittels Stahltrossen 15 an den Querträgern 12 angehängt, so dass der Hilfskran einen Aufrichtehilfsballast 16 bildet.As Figure 1 shows, the cross member 12 are advantageously spaced apart such that their distance corresponds to the distance of bottom supports of the auxiliary crane. The floor supports, which are extended laterally out of the auxiliary crane, are attached by means of steel bars 15 to the cross members 12, so that the auxiliary crane forms a erecting auxiliary ballast 16.

Es versteht sich, dass anstelle des mobilen Hilfskrans auch ein separater Zuatzballast angehängt werden kann, wie dies Figur 2 zeigt.It is understood that instead of the mobile auxiliary crane and a separate Zuatzballast can be attached, as shown in Figure 2.

Der Aufrichtehilfsrahmen 11 kann grundsätzlich starr an dem Oberwagen 4 angebolzt werden, so dass er die in den Figuren gezeichnete Aufrichtestellung einnimmt. Für den Betrieb des Krans wird der Aufrichtehilfsrahmen sodann abgebolzt und abgenommen. Der Betriebsballast 7 alleine reicht für den Betrieb des Krans insbesondere dann, wenn dieser nur mit steil aufgerichtetem Ausleger betrieben wird.The erecting auxiliary frame 11 can in principle be rigidly bolted to the superstructure 4, so that it assumes the upright position drawn in the figures. For operation of the crane, the erecting auxiliary frame is then aborted and removed. The operating ballast 7 alone is sufficient for the operation of the crane, especially when it is operated only with a steep upright boom.

In alternativer Ausführung der Erfindung kann der Aufrichtehilfsrahmen 11 an dem Oberwagen 4 auch schwenkbar gelagert sein, und zwar vorteilhafterweise um eine zur Wippachse 6 parallele Achse. Dem Aufrichtehilfsrahmen 11 kann dabei ein Schwenkantrieb 17 beispielsweise in Form eines hydraulischen Krafthebers zugeordnet sein, mit Hilfe dessen der Aufrichtehilfsrahmen 11 aus der im wesentlichen horizontal nach hinten auskragenden Aufrichtestellung in eine Betriebsstellung nach oben geschwenkt werden kann, die in Figur 2 gestrichelt angedeutet ist. In der nach oben geschwenkten Betriebsstellung ist der Aufrichtehilfsrahmen 11 zumindest soweit nach oben geschwenkt, dass er über am Boden stehende Hindernisse hinwegschwenkt. Vorzugsweise kann der Aufrichtehilfsrahmen 11 soweit nach oben geschwenkt werden, dass er innerhalb des von der Hinterkante des Oberwagens 4 definierten Schwenkkreises zu liegen kommt. Im Vergleich zur Figur 2 wäre der Aufrichtehilfsrahmen noch ein Stück weiter nach oben zu schwenken. Um nicht mit der Verstellverseilung 10 zu kollidieren, kann der Aufrichtehilfsrahmen im Bereich seiner Anlenkung ein U-förmiges Profil besitzen, so dass die Verseilung zwischen den beiden Schenkeln hindurchtreten kann.In an alternative embodiment of the invention, the Aufrichtehilfsrahmen 11 may also be pivotally mounted on the upper carriage 4, and advantageously about an axis parallel to the Wippachse 6 axis. The Aufrichtehilfsrahmen 11 can be assigned a pivot drive 17, for example in the form of a hydraulic linkage, with the help of which Aufrichtehilfsrahmen 11 can be pivoted from the substantially horizontal rearwardly projecting upright position in an operating position upwards, which is indicated by dashed lines in Figure 2. In the upwardly pivoted operating position of Aufrichtehilfsrahmen 11 is at least so far swung that he swivels over obstacles standing on the ground. Preferably, the erecting auxiliary frame 11 can be pivoted so far upwards that it comes to rest within the pivoting circle defined by the trailing edge of the upper carriage 4. In comparison to FIG. 2, the erecting auxiliary frame would still have to be pivoted further upwards. In order not to collide with the Verstellverseilung 10, the Aufrichtehilfsrahmen in the region of its articulation may have a U-shaped profile, so that the stranding can pass between the two legs.

Claims (10)

  1. Crane having a revolving superstructure (4) which can be rotated about an upright axis (3), having a jib (5) which is articulated on the revolving superstructure (4) such that it can be luffed about a horizontal axis (6), having a luffing arrangement (8, 9, 10) for luffing the jib (5) up and down, and having an operating ballast (7) which counteracts the moment of the jib (5), there being provided an auxiliary erecting frame (11) which can be fastened on the revolving superstructure (4) and/or the operating ballast (7) such that it projects rearwards and which can be connected to an auxiliary erecting ballast (16) for the purpose of erecting the jib (5), the auxiliary erecting frame (11) having suspension means (14) on which to suspend an additional ballast as auxiliary erecting ballast (16), characterized in that the suspension means (14) are designed to allow a mobile auxiliary crane to be suspended thereon as auxiliary erecting ballast (16).
  2. Crane according to the preceding claim, in which, the suspension means (14) have fastening elements (14) which are spaced apart from one another in the longitudinal direction of the auxiliary erecting frame (11) and the distance between which can be adjusted.
  3. Crane according to the preceding claim, in which the fastening elements (14) are borne by crossmembers (12), of which at least one is arranged such that it can be changed in position, preferably displaced, in the longitudinal direction of the auxiliary erecting frame (11),
  4. Crane according to one of the preceding claims, in which the suspension means (14) of the auxiliary erecting frame (11) have a height-adjusting arrangement (13).
  5. Crane according to the preceding claim with reference back to Claim 2 or 3, in which the height-adjusting arrangement (13) has threaded spindles (13) assigned to each fastening element (14).
  6. Crane according to one of the preceding claims, in which the auxiliary erecting frame (11), for crane operation, can be moved out of its erecting position, in which it projects rearwards, into a crane-operating position, in which the auxiliary erecting frame (11) lies within a pivoting range defined by the revolving superstructure (4).
  7. Crane according to one of the preceding claims, in which the auxiliary erecting frame (11) is articulated on the revolving superstructure (4) and/or operating ballast (7) such that it can be pivoted about a horizontal axis, and it can be pivoted by a pivoting arrangement (17) between its rearwardly projecting erecting position and an upwardly pivoting operating position.
  8. Crane according to one of the preceding claims, in which the auxiliary erecting frame (11) is fastened in a releasable manner on the revolving superstructure (4) by releasable fastening means and can thus be removed from the revolving superstructure.
  9. Crane according to one of the preceding claims, in which the auxiliary erecting frame (11) is fastened on the revolving superstructure (4) without guys.
  10. Crane according to one of the preceding claims, in which the auxiliary erecting frame (11) has a cantilevered length, projecting rearwards beyond the operating ballast (7), which corresponds at least to the distance between the centre of gravity of the operating ballast and the axis of rotation (3) of the revolving superstructure.
EP04020892A 2003-09-18 2004-09-02 Crane Expired - Lifetime EP1516849B1 (en)

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DE20314503U DE20314503U1 (en) 2003-09-18 2003-09-18 crane
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Publication number Publication date
US7213716B2 (en) 2007-05-08
EP1516849A3 (en) 2006-03-15
US20050061761A1 (en) 2005-03-24
EP1516849A2 (en) 2005-03-23
DE502004003823D1 (en) 2007-06-28
DE20314503U1 (en) 2005-01-27

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