EP1516423A1 - Dispositif de regulation de tension sur des generatrices electriques au moyen d'une prise d'enroulement et d'un relais de commande - Google Patents

Dispositif de regulation de tension sur des generatrices electriques au moyen d'une prise d'enroulement et d'un relais de commande

Info

Publication number
EP1516423A1
EP1516423A1 EP03738024A EP03738024A EP1516423A1 EP 1516423 A1 EP1516423 A1 EP 1516423A1 EP 03738024 A EP03738024 A EP 03738024A EP 03738024 A EP03738024 A EP 03738024A EP 1516423 A1 EP1516423 A1 EP 1516423A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
voltage
generator
pair
terminals
control
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP03738024A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Ernst Hatz
Franz Moser
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Motorenfabrik Hatz GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Motorenfabrik Hatz GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Motorenfabrik Hatz GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Motorenfabrik Hatz GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP1516423A1 publication Critical patent/EP1516423A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P9/00—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P21/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of electric machines by vector control, e.g. by control of field orientation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P9/00—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output
    • H02P9/02—Details of the control
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P9/00—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output
    • H02P9/04—Control effected upon non-electric prime mover and dependent upon electric output value of the generator

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device for the automatic, load current-dependent regulation of the voltage of an electrical power generator ("generator").
  • generator electrical power generator
  • the present invention relates to the use of such a device for regulating the voltage of a generator driven by a reciprocating piston internal combustion engine.
  • DE 26 59 600 AI describes a device for automatic, load current-dependent control of an electrical power generator, in which the control of the generator output voltage is carried out by short-circuiting a partial coil of a phase with a triac, which is connected to a winding tap and the star point.
  • US 2001/002802 AI describes a motor whose speed / torque characteristic is changed by switching the supply voltage to winding taps of the stator phase coils.
  • DE 100 47 287 AI describes an apparatus and a method for generating different output voltages with an AC generator, the configuration of the connections of the stator windings for generating different output voltages being changeable by means of a configuration circuit.
  • a device for automatic, load current-dependent regulation of the voltage of an electric power generator in which a first and a two-phase tes pair of terminals for tapping a first or a second generator voltage are provided on the generator winding. Both the first and the second pair of terminals can be connected to a generator pair via which the load current is to be conducted. There are always more winding turns between the first pair of terminals than between the second pair of terminals, so that the voltage tapped at the first pair of terminals is always greater than the voltage tapped at the second pair of terminals.
  • Both the first and the second pair of terminals can be connected at any point in the generator winding, as long as it is ensured that there are more turns between the first pair of terminals than between the second pair of terminals.
  • the first generator voltage is preferably the main generator voltage, ie the voltage tapped from the complete winding of the generator.
  • the second generator voltage is always a tap voltage which is less than the main generator voltage.
  • the device according to the invention has a third pair of terminals through which the control voltage for a control circuit can be tapped.
  • the control voltage preferably corresponds to the voltage difference between the first generator voltage and the second generator voltage.
  • the control circuit is preferably designed in such a way that it becomes live only from a certain forward voltage. This can be achieved, for example, by a Zener diode whose breakdown voltage corresponds to the forward voltage of the control circuit.
  • the control circuit has a control relay with a switch for alternately connecting the generator terminal pair with the first or second pair of clamps clamped to the generator winding.
  • the generator terminal pair connected by the switch to the first pair of terminals is connected to the second pair of terminals if the control voltage tapped at the third pair of terminals assumes a value that is greater than or equal to an upper threshold voltage of the switching relay.
  • the upper threshold voltage is the sum of the forward voltage of the control circuit, for example the breakdown voltage of a Zener diode located there, and the pull-in voltage of the switching relay.
  • the generator terminal connected by the switch to the second pair of terminals is connected to the first pair of terminals by flipping the switch if the control voltage is less than or equal to a lower threshold voltage of the switching relay.
  • the lower threshold voltage results from the forward voltage of the control circuit, for example the breakdown voltage of the Zener diode, and the release voltage of the switching relay.
  • the release voltage of the switching relay is always less than the pull-in voltage of the switching relay, where the switching hysteresis of the switching relay is responsible.
  • the switching hysteresis is necessary for stable switching of the switching relay, since the same upper and lower threshold voltage, i.e. H. one for tightening and loosening the same switching voltage, an unstable switching state, with a constant switching back and forth would follow.
  • the distance between the upper and lower threshold voltage, ie the width of the switching hysteresis, generally depends on the dimensioning of the switching relay.
  • the relative position of the switching hysteresis can be varied by dimensioning a Zener diode arranged in the circuit. A smaller breakdown voltage of the Zener diode leads to a shift in the switching hysteresis to smaller control voltages, and vice versa.
  • the Zener diode also serves to level the potential of the switching hysteresis.
  • the device according to the invention has a bridge element for bridging the connection of the first terminal pair caused by the switch to the generator terminal pair.
  • the bridge element is provided with a voltage-dependent resistor ("varistor"), which is not used here as overvoltage protection and therefore atypically used, and has a forward voltage that is above the difference between the first and second generator voltage and below the first generator voltage tapped at the first pair of terminals. If the switch of the control relay connects the generator terminal pair to the first or second pair of terminals, practically no voltage drops along the connection of the first pair of terminals to the generator terminal pair. Due to the lack of potential difference and the resulting current impermeability of the varistor, the bridge element acts as a blocking element.
  • the switch of the control relay is switched between the first and second pair of terminals, it is during the switching process the potential of the first terminal pair at the varistor and the bridge element serves as a pass-through element, which is suitable for conducting the load current via the connection between the first terminal pair and the generator terminal pair, which is interrupted by the open switch.
  • the forward voltage of the varistor must be selected so that it lies above the difference between the first and second generator voltage. An interruption in the current during the switching process can advantageously be avoided by the bridge element.
  • a preferred embodiment of the invention provides that the voltage regulation takes place within a tolerance range of + 5%. This means that the voltage is regulated up or down as soon as the nominal voltage is undercut or exceeded by 5%. It is also preferred if the voltage regulation takes place in the vicinity of approximately 50% -80% of the nominal load current with an ohmic load. If the load is ohm 1 sch-inductive, the switching points shift in a corresponding manner to higher relative proportions of the nominal load current.
  • the device according to the invention is designed in conformity with execution class G2 of the DIN 8528 standard, which standardizes the voltage regulation accuracy for power generator sets in accordance with the tolerances in public networks.
  • Show it 1 shows a circuit diagram of a device according to the invention for voltage regulation of a permanently excited synchronous generator
  • Fig. 2 shows the course of the phase voltage of a three-phase phase as a function of the load current with ohmic load (dashed lines) and ohmic shear inductive load (solid lines), and the switching processes triggered by the device according to the invention.
  • FIG. 1 shows an example of the circuit diagram of a device according to the invention for voltage regulation of a phase of a permanently excited synchronous generator. From the generator, only the generator winding 1 and the generator terminals N, Ll are shown. A first pair of terminals 1U1, 1U2 and a second pair of terminals 1U1, 2U2 tap a first or second generator voltage from the generator winding 1. The first pair of terminals 1U1, 1U2 encompasses the full number of turns of the generator winding, while the second pair of terminals 1U1, 2U2 encompasses a smaller number of turns. Since the induced voltage is proportional to the number of turns, the second generator voltage is always lower than the first generator voltage. Both the first and the second pair of terminals can be connected to the generator terminal L1, N.
  • a switching relay 8 with a switch 9 is used to connect the generator terminal Ll, N to the first or second pair of terminals.
  • the switching relay 8 is located in a control circuit 2, which is connected to terminals 2U2 and 1U2 of the first and second pair of terminals, and thus the Taps differential voltage between the first and second generator voltage.
  • the control circuit 2 there are also a Zener diode 6 and a Rectifier diode 7 arranged.
  • the zener diode 6 has a blocking effect, such that the control circuit 2 becomes live only when the zener breakdown voltage is exceeded.
  • the rectifier diode 7 serves to rectify the alternating current, as a result of which a direct current switching relay 8 can advantageously be used.
  • the tapped control voltage drops, which causes the switching relay 8 to switch again as soon as the control voltage reaches a lower threshold voltage.
  • the lower threshold voltage is predetermined by the breakdown voltage of the Zener diode 6, the forward voltage of the rectifier diode 7 and the release voltage of the control relay 8. Due to the switching hysteresis of the switching relay, the lower threshold voltage is always lower than the upper threshold voltage.
  • the control voltage drops to below the breakdown voltage of the Zener diode 6, no more current flows in the control circuit 2.
  • the increasing internal resistance between the terminals of the control circuit 1U2, 2U2 caused by the load current when switching from the second pair of terminals to the first pair of terminals leads to a further drop in the control voltage, which supports the changeover process.
  • a varistor 10 arranged in a bridge element 5.
  • the varistor is high-impedance when de-energized and therefore does not allow any electrical current to flow. If, on the other hand, the voltage at its connections rises, it tilts into the low-resistance state at a certain forward voltage and conducts the electrical current via the circuit 3. If the switch 9 connects the first pair of terminals to the generator terminal pair, then practically falls over the connections of the bridge link no voltage off - the varistor has a high resistance and acts as a blocking element.
  • the potential of the terminal 1U2 is present at the varistor, as a result of which it is brought into the low-resistance state and conducts the load current. If the switch 9 has established the connection of the generator terminal pair to the second pair of terminals, the current is conducted via the circuit 4, as a result of which the varistor again becomes high-resistance and blocks the current flow through the bridge element. The same applies when switching switch 9 from terminal 2U2 to terminal 1U2.
  • the voltage profile 2 corresponds to the voltage of the first generator voltage tapped from the first pair of terminals 1U1, 1U2, while the voltage profile 1 corresponds to the voltage of the second, smaller generator voltage tapped from the second pair of terminals 1U1, 2U2.
  • the switching process is based on a tolerance range of + 7%.
  • the generator terminal voltage is approximately 107% of the nominal voltage and corresponds to the voltage tapped between 1U1 and 2U2.
  • the hysteresis of the control relay can be seen between the two switching thresholds.
  • the peaks of the hysteresis are approx. 77% and approx. 55% of the nominal load current.
  • the area framed by the hysteresis depends on the relative distance between the switching thresholds and the slope of the phase voltage.
  • the device according to the invention is provided for regulating the phase voltage of each three-phase phase, that is to say three times in the case of three three-phase phases. It is particularly advantageous in the case of an unbalanced load, since the voltage drops in a heavily loaded phase and the voltage increases in a weakly loaded phase.
  • the devices according to the invention can be cascaded in a row, the distance between the first and second generator voltage being within the Cascade is getting narrower, so that the voltage regulation becomes finer.
  • a preferred use of the device according to the invention is the automatic, load current-dependent regulation of the voltage of an electric power generator driven by a reciprocating piston internal combustion engine.
  • this can be a synchronous generator driven by a diesel engine.
  • a permanently excited power generator is preferred according to the invention.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Control Of Eletrric Generators (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un dispositif de régulation automatique, dépendant du courant de charge, de la tension d'une génératrice électrique. Ce dispositif comprend une première paire de bornes, qui peut être connectée à une paire de bornes de génératrice portant un courant de charge et qui permet de prélever une première tension de génératrice à l'enroulement de génératrice, une deuxième paire de bornes, qui peut être connectée à la paire de bornes de génératrice et qui permet de prélever une deuxième tension de génératrice, inférieure à la première tension de génératrice, à l'enroulement de génératrice, ainsi qu'une troisième paire de bornes, qui permet d'alimenter un circuit électrique de commande avec une tension de commande. Ce circuit électrique de commande est équipé d'un relais de commande (9) présentant un commutateur conçu pour commuter la connexion entre la paire de bornes de génératrice et la première ou la deuxième paire de bornes. La paire de bornes de génératrice connectée à la première paire de bornes au moyen du commutateur est connectée à la deuxième paire de bornes si la tension de commande est supérieure ou égale à une tension de seuil supérieure du relais de commutation. La paire de bornes de génératrice connectée à la deuxième paire de bornes au moyen du commutateur est connectée à la première paire de bornes si la tension de commande est inférieure ou égale à une tension de seuil inférieure du relais de commutation. Ledit dispositif comprend également un élément de pontage qui ponte la connexion de la paire de bornes de génératrice à la première paire de bornes au moyen du commutateur et qui présente une résistance dépendant de la tension ( </= VARISTANCE >/= ) dont la tension directe est supérieure à la différence entre les deux tensions de génératrice et inférieure à la première tension de génératrice.
EP03738024A 2002-06-25 2003-06-13 Dispositif de regulation de tension sur des generatrices electriques au moyen d'une prise d'enroulement et d'un relais de commande Withdrawn EP1516423A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10228226 2002-06-25
DE10228226A DE10228226B4 (de) 2002-06-25 2002-06-25 Vorrichtung zur Spannungsregelung an elektrischen Stromerzeugern mittels Wicklungsanzapfung und Steuerrelais
PCT/EP2003/006220 WO2004001951A1 (fr) 2002-06-25 2003-06-13 Dispositif de regulation de tension sur des generatrices electriques au moyen d'une prise d'enroulement et d'un relais de commande

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1516423A1 true EP1516423A1 (fr) 2005-03-23

Family

ID=29795866

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP03738024A Withdrawn EP1516423A1 (fr) 2002-06-25 2003-06-13 Dispositif de regulation de tension sur des generatrices electriques au moyen d'une prise d'enroulement et d'un relais de commande

Country Status (8)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1516423A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2005531272A (fr)
KR (1) KR20050012795A (fr)
CN (1) CN1663109A (fr)
AU (1) AU2003245937A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE10228226B4 (fr)
RU (1) RU2004134334A (fr)
WO (1) WO2004001951A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101847908B (zh) * 2010-04-09 2013-01-09 福州力鼎动力有限公司 发电机供电系统与方法

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1028202A (en) * 1912-02-16 1912-06-04 Don C Foye Electric magneto-machine.
DE1926317A1 (de) * 1969-05-23 1970-11-26 Bosch Gmbh Robert Spannungsregler fuer einen Permanentmagnetgenerator
DE2659600A1 (de) * 1976-12-30 1978-07-13 Siemens Ag Dauermagneterregte elektrische maschine
DE3543809A1 (de) * 1985-12-12 1987-06-19 Bosch Gmbh Robert Permanentmagneterregte synchronmaschine
DE10047287A1 (de) * 2000-09-20 2002-04-04 Bosch Gmbh Robert Anordnung und Verfahren zum Erzeugen verschiedener Ausgangsspannungen mit einem Wechselstromgenerator

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO2004001951A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN1663109A (zh) 2005-08-31
JP2005531272A (ja) 2005-10-13
WO2004001951A1 (fr) 2003-12-31
RU2004134334A (ru) 2005-08-27
DE10228226B4 (de) 2005-02-10
AU2003245937A1 (en) 2004-01-06
DE10228226A1 (de) 2004-01-29
KR20050012795A (ko) 2005-02-02

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