EP1516113B1 - Culasse refroidie pour moteur a combustion interne a pistons - Google Patents

Culasse refroidie pour moteur a combustion interne a pistons Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1516113B1
EP1516113B1 EP03760645A EP03760645A EP1516113B1 EP 1516113 B1 EP1516113 B1 EP 1516113B1 EP 03760645 A EP03760645 A EP 03760645A EP 03760645 A EP03760645 A EP 03760645A EP 1516113 B1 EP1516113 B1 EP 1516113B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cylinder head
water jacket
head according
flow
foregoing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP03760645A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1516113A1 (fr
Inventor
Frank Haubner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
FEV Europe GmbH
Original Assignee
FEV Motorentechnik GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by FEV Motorentechnik GmbH and Co KG filed Critical FEV Motorentechnik GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP1516113A1 publication Critical patent/EP1516113A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1516113B1 publication Critical patent/EP1516113B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P3/00—Liquid cooling
    • F01P3/02—Arrangements for cooling cylinders or cylinder heads
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
    • F02F1/26—Cylinder heads having cooling means
    • F02F1/36—Cylinder heads having cooling means for liquid cooling
    • F02F1/40—Cylinder heads having cooling means for liquid cooling cylinder heads with means for directing, guiding, or distributing liquid stream 
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
    • F02F1/42—Shape or arrangement of intake or exhaust channels in cylinder heads
    • F02F1/4214—Shape or arrangement of intake or exhaust channels in cylinder heads specially adapted for four or more valves per cylinder
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P3/00—Liquid cooling
    • F01P3/02—Arrangements for cooling cylinders or cylinder heads
    • F01P2003/024—Cooling cylinder heads
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P3/00—Liquid cooling
    • F01P3/12—Arrangements for cooling other engine or machine parts
    • F01P3/14—Arrangements for cooling other engine or machine parts for cooling intake or exhaust valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B75/00—Other engines
    • F02B75/16—Engines characterised by number of cylinders, e.g. single-cylinder engines
    • F02B75/18—Multi-cylinder engines
    • F02B2075/1804—Number of cylinders
    • F02B2075/1816—Number of cylinders four
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B75/00—Other engines
    • F02B75/16—Engines characterised by number of cylinders, e.g. single-cylinder engines
    • F02B75/18—Multi-cylinder engines
    • F02B75/20—Multi-cylinder engines with cylinders all in one line

Definitions

  • the exhaust side is thermally highly loaded in the cylinder head.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a cylinder head through which a better cooling, in particular of the outlet area is effected.
  • a bulkhead is provided to guide the cooling water between each adjacent cylinders in the water jacket.
  • the limited by ⁇ ldeck and flame deck water jacket is divided by an intermediate deck in an upper and a lower water jacket part.
  • the one water jacket part, preferably the lower water jacket part, inlet side is connected to the overflow and according to the other water jacket part drain side is connected to the overflow to the water jacket part, preferably the lower water jacket part of the adjacent cylinder.
  • the flow guide through the lower and the upper water jacket part according to the invention success in that the intermediate deck at least one has the lower connecting to the upper water jacket part flow-through.
  • the flow-through opening can be arranged in each case in the region of the inlet connection.
  • the flow-through opening between the two inlet ports is arranged in the intermediate deck.
  • each one the lower with the upper water jacket part connecting flow opening is arranged.
  • the flow-through openings are each arranged in the region of the longitudinal center axis on the opposite bulkhead walls.
  • the area of the inlet pipe is not washed directly by the cooling water. By vortex formation and drag forces, however, no dead water zones arise in this area, so that the cooling necessary for the inlet connection is achieved.
  • the particular advantage of this arrangement is that for the production of the passage openings free cores can serve as a support of the core for the upper water jacket part.
  • the inflow-side part of the channel arrangement comprises a main channel extending between the outlets and in each case one laterally guided around each outlet side channel, which opens into a limited by the recording deflecting.
  • the bulkhead has at least one overflow channel through which the channel arrangements of the adjacent cylinders are connected.
  • the inlet port is included on its side facing away from the outlets of a flow channel.
  • the inlet ports comprehensive flow channels of adjacent cylinders are connected to each other via a respective passage in the bulkhead.
  • 1, 2 and 3 is a schematic view of a cylinder head for a four-cylinder internal combustion engine with its flame deck 1.1, its oil deck 1.2 and an intermediate deck 1.3 shown in the specified sections. For simplicity, the cut edges are pulled out strongly and the visible edges are pulled out thinly.
  • two intake valves are provided, which are characterized by their inlet port 2.
  • two exhaust valves per cylinder which are indicated by their common outlet 3.
  • a receptacle 4 is arranged for a fuel injector or for a spark plug
  • each In each case between two adjacent cylinders each have a transverse bulkhead 5 is arranged, through which the inlet / outlet areas of each cylinder are closed from each other.
  • each cylinder area of the cylinder head d. H. between each two bulkheads 5 is limited by the flame deck 1.1 and the oil deck 1.2 water jacket is divided by the intermediate deck 1.3 in a lower water jacket part W1 and an upper water jacket part W2, which form the channel arrangement for guiding the cooling water. There are openings provided so that the cooling water from the lower water jacket part W1 in the upper water jacket part W2.
  • the cooling water is guided from the inlet side E to the outlet side A of the cylinder head.
  • the guidance of the cooling water through the channel arrangements within the water jacket is represented by the flow path 6.
  • the cooling water flow flows from the outside below the outlet 3 into the divided by the two bulkheads 5 and the intermediate deck 1.3 lower water jacket part W1 on the flow path 6.1, then below the outlet 3 between the two separate outlets of the exhaust valves in the direction of the receptacle 4,
  • a flow passage 7.1 in the intermediate deck 1.3 forms a deflection area and causes a deflection after at the top in the upper water jacket part W2.
  • the top view reveals the tip of the arrow P in FIG.
  • overhead return flow path 6.2 occurs via an overflow 8, which is arranged substantially in the region of the longitudinal side of the cylinder head, as a tapered flow path 6.1 in the lower water jacket part W1 for the next cylinder head area, as the side view in Fig. 4 shows. In this form, the successive cylinder areas are connected.
  • the difference from the embodiment acc. 1 to 4 essentially consists in that the deflection of the cooling water flow from the lower water jacket part W1 to the upper water jacket part W2 via two openings 7.2, which are each provided in immediately adjacent to the bulkheads 5 areas of the intermediate deck 1.3.
  • these passage openings 7.2 are arranged approximately in the region of the longitudinal central axis L of the piston internal combustion engine, so that the passage openings in the preparation of the mold can serve to support the core for the upper water jacket part W2.
  • this core can be fixed against floating with appropriate design of the mold for the oil deck 1.2.
  • the inflowing flow path 6.1 flows as in the embodiment according to. FIGS. 1 to 4 here also the receptacle 4, so that the receptacle 4 and thus arranged in the receptacle 4 injector is reliably cooled.
  • Fig. 7 shows schematically the course of the returning flow path 6.2.
  • the upper water jacket part W2 of one cylinder is connected to the lower water jacket part W1 of the next following cylinder by an overflow channel 8, as shown in FIG.
  • Fig. 8 is a perspective view of a further embodiment of the invention, a cylinder head for a four-cylinder internal combustion engine with its flame deck 1.1 shown.
  • the oil deck of the cylinder head is omitted for the sake of clarity, an intermediate deck is not provided.
  • each cylinder two intake valves are provided, which are characterized by their common inlet port 2. There are also provided two exhaust valves per cylinder, which are indicated by their common outlet 3. In each case between inlet 2 and outlet 3 is arranged a receptacle 4 for a fuel injector or for a spark plug.
  • each have a transverse bulkhead 5 is arranged, through which the inlet / outlet areas of each cylinder are closed from each other.
  • the bulkhead 5 is shown here "transparent".
  • passage openings are provided through which the cooling water is guided in each case by a cylinder area in the other cylinder area.
  • each channel arrangements or flow channels for guiding the cooling water are provided for the area of the outlet port 3 on the one hand and for the region of the inlet port 2 on the other hand, which are cast, for example.
  • the channel arrangement is guided so that the cooling water is guided from the inlet side E to the outlet side A of the cylinder head.
  • the guidance of the cooling water on the gas outlet side through the channel arrangement is represented by the flow path 6.
  • the cooling water flow flows from the outside below the outlet 3 in the divided by the two bulkheads 5 area, then below the outlet 3 between the two separate outlets of the exhaust valves in the direction of the receptacle 4.
  • the space between the two outlets of the exhaust valves and Receiving 4 forms a deflection region 7, in which the cooling water is guided from bottom to top on the top of the outlet 3 and flows through the channel arrangement again in the direction of the outside.
  • the returning flow path 6.2 of the overhead in the flow direction region is via a transfer port. 8 in the bulkhead 5 connected to the inlet side 6.1 of the next cylinder areas. Because of this cooling water flow results in the region of each outlet 3, a U-shaped cooling water duct, which is guided from outside to inside and back out again, in which case over the connection of each of the return side of the overhead cylinder area with the inlet side of the next underlying cylinder area total results in an approximately helical flow on the outside of the cylinder head, each having a long cross-flow distance.
  • the inlet pipe 2 For cooling the inlet pipe 2 corresponding flow channels are provided in the cylinder head, the flow paths corresponding to the lines 9.1 and 9.2 form. Again, 5 corresponding passage openings are provided in the bulkhead, so that a total of a longitudinal flow in the region of the inlet side of the cylinder head, wherein the inlet port 2 are both flowed around on their recording 4 facing as well as on their side facing away from the recording.
  • a vote of the respective cooling water volume flows can be effected so that a total of taking into account the lower thermal load on the inlet side on the one hand and the outlet side on the other hand correspondingly different volume flows to the inlet port 2 and to the outlet 3 can be passed and so a total largely uniform cooling of the cylinder head is effected.
  • Fig. 9 is a section through a gas outlet valve shown transversely to the longitudinal direction, corresponding to the line IX-IX in Fig. 11.
  • Fig. 10 and Fig. 11 are respectively the outlets 3.1 and 3.2 of a gas outlet valve 10 merged into the common outlet 3. This results in the possibility that the cooling water between the two outlets 3.1 and 3.2 can flow into the deflection space 7 before recording 4 and can flow out of the deflection space 7 above the outlet 3, as shown with reference to FIG. 1, back to the outside. This is indicated by the flow arrow 11 in FIGS. 2, 3 and 4.
  • the channel arrangement in the region of the outlets 3.1 and 3.2 has respective lateral flow channels 12 and 13, so that branch flows around the outlets 3.1 and 3.2 can flow into the deflection space 7.
  • 11 also shows the bulkhead 5 with the associated overflow channel 14, through which the returning flow path 6.2 above the outlet 3 of the preceding cylinder area is connected to the flow path 6.1 of the cylinder area shown at the bottom.
  • the bulkhead 5 for the flow paths 9.1 and 9.2 shown in FIG. 8 has corresponding through openings 9.3 and 9.4, which are separated from one another by a flow-guiding element 14.
  • the passage opening 9.3 is assigned a guide element 15.1 at least on the outlet side. This causes the inlet port 2 is provided both via an inner flow channel 15 for the flow path 9.1 and via an outer flow channel 16 for the flow path 9.2, so that the inlet port 2 is flowed around both sides as well as the receptacle 4.
  • the flow pattern is indicated by the flow arrows.
  • sectional views corresponding to FIGS. 12, 13 and 14 show the flow guidance in the different sectional planes, wherein in FIGS. 13 and 14 only the area of the outlet connection 3 is shown.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Pistons, Piston Rings, And Cylinders (AREA)

Claims (15)

  1. Culasse avec une chemise d'eau délimitée par un pare-flamme (1.1) et un pare-huile (1.2) sur un moteur à combustion interne à pistons refroidi par eau avec des cylindres disposés en ligne qui possèdent chacun au moins une soupape d'admission avec une tubulure d'admission (2) et deux soupapes d'échappement dont les sorties débouchent dans une tubulure d'échappement (3), et avec un réceptacle (4) disposé entre la soupape d'admission et les soupapes d'échappement pour un injecteur de carburant ou une bougie d'allumage, caractérisée en ce que, pour conduire l'eau de refroidissement dans la chemise d'eau, il est prévu au moins dans la région du côté échappement de chaque cylindre un dispositif de conduit par lequel l'eau de refroidissement est conduite dans l'amenée depuis l'extérieur d'un côté de la tubulure d'échappement (3) vers l'intérieur en direction du réceptacle (4), et dans le retour depuis l'intérieur vers l'extérieur de l'autre côté de la tubulure d'échappement (3), et qu'il est prévu un conduit de décharge (8) qui, vu dans le sens de l'écoulement, alimente le chemin d'écoulement de retour (6.2) d'un dispositif de conduit comme chemin d'écoulement d'amenée (6.1) du dispositif de conduit de la zone de culasse suivante.
  2. Culasse selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que l'espace entre les sorties des soupapes d'échappement et le réceptacle (4) forme une zone de déviation (7) pour l'écoulement.
  3. Culasse selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisée en ce que la partie du côté amenée du dispositif de conduit court au-dessous de la tubulure d'échappement (3) et que la partie du côté retour du dispositif de conduit court au-dessus de la tubulure d'échappement (3).
  4. Culasse selon une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisée en ce que, pour conduire l'eau de refroidissement entre des zones intermédiaires associées à des cylindres voisins, il est prévu une cloison étanche (5).
  5. Culasse selon une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisée en ce que la chemise d'eau délimitée par le pare-flamme (1.1) et le pare-huile (1.2) est divisée par un tablier intermédiaire (1.3) en une partie de chemise d'eau inférieure (W1) et une partie de chemise d'eau supérieure (W2).
  6. Culasse selon une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisée en ce qu'une partie de chemise d'eau, de préférence la partie de chemise d'eau inférieure (W1), est reliée du côté amenée avec le conduit de décharge (8) et l'autre partie de chemise d'eau (W2) est reliée de même du côté retour avec le conduit de décharge (8) de la partie de chemise d'eau (W1) de la zone de culasse voisine.
  7. Culasse selon une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisée en ce que le tablier intermédiaire (1.3) possède en guise de zone de déviation (7) au moins un orifice de circulation (7.1) reliant la partie inférieure avec la partie de chemise d'eau supérieure.
  8. Culasse selon une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisée en ce que l'orifice de circulation (7) est disposé dans la zone de la tubulure d'admission (2).
  9. Culasse selon une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisée en ce que sur chacune des cloisons étanches (5) opposées est disposé au moins un orifice de circulation (7.2) reliant la partie de chemise d'eau inférieure (W1) à la partie de chemise d'eau supérieure (W2).
  10. Culasse selon la revendication 9, caractérisée en ce que les orifices de circulation (7.2) sont disposés chacun dans la zone de l'axe médian longitudinal (L) sur les cloisons étanches (5) opposées.
  11. Culasse selon une des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisée en ce que la partie du côté amenée du dispositif de conduit possède un conduit principal courant entre les sorties (3.1, 3.2) des soupapes d'échappement et un conduit latéral (12, 13) guide latéralement autour de chaque sortie (3.1, 3.2) qui débouche dans la zone de déviation (7).
  12. Culasse selon une des revendications 1 à 11, caractérisée en ce que la tubulure d'admission (2) est entourée de conduits d'écoulement (15, 16) au moins du côté opposé aux sorties (3.1, 3.2).
  13. Culasse selon une des revendications 1 à 12, caractérisée en ce que la paroi étanche (5) possède au moins un conduit de décharge (8) par lequel les dispositifs de conduit des cylindres voisins sont reliés.
  14. Culasse selon une des revendications 1 à 13, caractérisée en ce que les conduits d'écoulement (15, 16) des cylindres voisins entourant les tubulures d'admission (2) sont reliés entre eux par des orifices de circulation (9.3, 9.4) dans la paroi étanche (5).
  15. Culasse selon une des revendications 1 à 14, caractérisée en ce que orifices de circulation (9.3, 9.4) dans la paroi étanche (5) pour les conduits d'écoulement (15, 16) associés à la tubulure d'admission (2) sont formés par au moins un élément de conduite (14, 15.1) pour dévier l'eau de refroidissement vers les conduits d'écoulement (15, 16) voisins.
EP03760645A 2002-06-21 2003-06-18 Culasse refroidie pour moteur a combustion interne a pistons Expired - Lifetime EP1516113B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10227690A DE10227690A1 (de) 2002-06-21 2002-06-21 Gekühlter Zylinderkopf für eine Kolbenbrennkraftmaschine
DE10227690 2002-06-21
PCT/EP2003/006440 WO2004001214A1 (fr) 2002-06-21 2003-06-18 Culasse refroidie pour moteur a combustion interne a pistons

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1516113A1 EP1516113A1 (fr) 2005-03-23
EP1516113B1 true EP1516113B1 (fr) 2007-11-07

Family

ID=29719313

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP03760645A Expired - Lifetime EP1516113B1 (fr) 2002-06-21 2003-06-18 Culasse refroidie pour moteur a combustion interne a pistons

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US6973897B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1516113B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2005535819A (fr)
CN (1) CN100340759C (fr)
AT (1) ATE377704T1 (fr)
AU (1) AU2003246555A1 (fr)
DE (2) DE10227690A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2004001214A1 (fr)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102009019327A1 (de) 2009-04-30 2010-11-04 Fev Motorentechnik Gmbh Zylinderkopf, Verfahren zur Kühlung eines Zylinderkopfes und Gießform zur Herstellung eines Zylinderkopfes

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JP4756381B2 (ja) * 2007-02-07 2011-08-24 トヨタ自動車株式会社 多気筒エンジンの冷却装置
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JP4998339B2 (ja) * 2008-03-12 2012-08-15 トヨタ自動車株式会社 内燃機関の冷却装置
AT505591B8 (de) * 2008-10-02 2010-04-15 Avl List Gmbh Brennkraftmaschine mit einem zylinderkopf
EP2388463B1 (fr) * 2010-05-17 2012-05-16 Fiat Powertrain Technologies S.p.A. Culasse pour moteur à combustion interne, avec collecteur d'échappement intégré
JP5553055B2 (ja) * 2010-06-29 2014-07-16 マツダ株式会社 水冷式エンジンの冷却装置
DE102010041105B4 (de) * 2010-09-21 2024-05-23 Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft Kühlmittelmantel für einen flüssigkeitsgekühlten Zylinderkopf
US20150176521A1 (en) * 2012-06-18 2015-06-25 Perusahaan Otomobil Nasional Sdn Bhd Method and apparatus for cooling a cylinder head
US10240511B2 (en) 2012-11-28 2019-03-26 Cummins Inc. Engine with cooling system
JP2016138461A (ja) * 2015-01-26 2016-08-04 トヨタ自動車株式会社 シリンダヘッド及びシリンダヘッドの製造方法
KR102108929B1 (ko) 2016-10-10 2020-05-13 현대자동차(주) 실린더헤드의 워터재킷
JP6562013B2 (ja) * 2017-02-16 2019-08-21 トヨタ自動車株式会社 シリンダヘッド
JP6812866B2 (ja) * 2017-03-21 2021-01-13 スズキ株式会社 シリンダヘッド構造
JP6759160B2 (ja) * 2017-06-30 2020-09-23 株式会社クボタ 水冷エンジン
WO2020144802A1 (fr) * 2019-01-10 2020-07-16 三菱重工エンジン＆ターボチャージャ株式会社 Moteur, et machine électrique tournante à onduleur intégré
CN109915274A (zh) * 2019-03-05 2019-06-21 广西玉柴机器股份有限公司 一种防机油结焦的网状水道气缸盖
FR3105649B1 (fr) * 2019-12-19 2021-11-26 Valeo Equip Electr Moteur Machine électrique tournante refroidie
CN111271186B (zh) * 2020-01-19 2021-09-28 一汽解放汽车有限公司 一种气缸盖冷却结构

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102009019327A1 (de) 2009-04-30 2010-11-04 Fev Motorentechnik Gmbh Zylinderkopf, Verfahren zur Kühlung eines Zylinderkopfes und Gießform zur Herstellung eines Zylinderkopfes

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ATE377704T1 (de) 2007-11-15
DE50308546D1 (de) 2007-12-20
EP1516113A1 (fr) 2005-03-23
AU2003246555A1 (en) 2004-01-06
CN1662737A (zh) 2005-08-31
DE10227690A1 (de) 2004-01-08
US20050145205A1 (en) 2005-07-07
US6973897B2 (en) 2005-12-13
JP2005535819A (ja) 2005-11-24
WO2004001214A1 (fr) 2003-12-31
CN100340759C (zh) 2007-10-03

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