EP1502997B1 - Vorrichtung zur Wiedergabe der heterogenen Strassenhaftung eines Fahrzeuges - Google Patents

Vorrichtung zur Wiedergabe der heterogenen Strassenhaftung eines Fahrzeuges Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1502997B1
EP1502997B1 EP04291724A EP04291724A EP1502997B1 EP 1502997 B1 EP1502997 B1 EP 1502997B1 EP 04291724 A EP04291724 A EP 04291724A EP 04291724 A EP04291724 A EP 04291724A EP 1502997 B1 EP1502997 B1 EP 1502997B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
aggregates
vehicle
strip
heterogeneous
mix
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP04291724A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP1502997A1 (de
Inventor
Vincent Schmitt
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Direction General pour lArmement DGA
Etat Francais
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Direction General pour lArmement DGA
Etat Francais
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Publication of EP1502997A1 publication Critical patent/EP1502997A1/de
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Publication of EP1502997B1 publication Critical patent/EP1502997B1/de
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C9/00—Special pavings; Pavings for special parts of roads or airfields

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of vehicle adhesion tests, in particular equipped with a system for controlling stability, traction or braking, on a heterogeneously adhered soil, which is asymmetrical with respect to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle.
  • a system for controlling stability, traction or braking on a heterogeneously adhered soil, which is asymmetrical with respect to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle.
  • the simplest solution consists in producing them on such a soil, which imposes a partial release. a road covered with snow.
  • This solution is technically possible, but testing can only be done in winter and in very specific geographical locations.
  • the snow conditions are variable depending on the outside temperature and sunshine, which does not guarantee the reproducibility of the test conditions. It is also necessary to dry the high adhesion part which poses problems quickly insoluble.
  • Another solution consists in carrying out tests in which the vehicle rides on a road and a wet grassy ground. This solution is also technically acceptable but the rapid degradation of the grassy ground by rutting and tearing of grass does not allow the realization of successive tests under the same conditions.
  • Another solution is to achieve a soil likely to have the same properties as a snowy and / or wet floor on one side of the vehicle, and a conventional road grip floor on the other side.
  • the FR2760090 which describes a device capable of reproducing road conditions of heterogeneous adhesion for land vehicle tests and which comprises two parallel strips of different coating, one consisting of a mix and the other of polished basalt plates or by glass blocks having spherical caps.
  • the coefficient of adhesion of a tire is about 0.6 to 0.8 for the mix, 0.3 for the basalt and 0.2 for the pavers. glasses. It is thus possible to simulate, respectively, a standard road surface, packed snow and ice.
  • a portion of the water can be projected in greater quantities from one of the bands to the other during the passage of the vehicle, which can change the coefficient of adhesion of the wheels on these bands, the wheels located at the front then not having the same coefficient of adhesion as those at the rear.
  • the coefficient of adhesion that is to say the ratio, on a wheel, of the maximum longitudinal, transverse or compound force on the vertical force, thus obtained on the low-adhesion side, is of the order of 0.2 cc. which is closer to the ice than snow, so too low in many cases for representative tests of snowy or wet grassy ground.
  • the adhesion of the wet track can, for its part, be at best of the order of 0.8, but more generally will be located in the 0.6 to 0.7 zone, which is also too weak to be representative of the maximum grip possible on roads.
  • the object of the invention is to overcome the aforementioned drawbacks by proposing a device capable of reproducing heterogeneous adhesion characteristics of a vehicle and comprising at least two treads of different nature and disposed in proximity, in particular one for reproduce the adhesion characteristics of a snow-covered or wet-grass ground and the other to reproduce a strong adhesion, this device does not require watering, avoiding a reduction of the adhesion by proximity pollution with the part low adhesion, being able to be used whatever the season and whose high adhesion is not weakened by the proximity with the low-grip part.
  • the solution provided is a device capable of reproducing characteristics of heterogeneous adhesion of a vehicle and comprising at least two treads of different nature and characterized in that the first strip comprises a coating on which are arranged several layers of elements. spherical, the spherical elements of the upper layers being able to roll relative to each other, while the second band comprises a coating on which is placed a so-called draining asphalt, consisting of first aggregates and having a minimum of 20% voids communicating.
  • this mix is studded with second aggregates of size at least equal to the aggregates of the so-called draining mix.
  • the spherical elements consist of microbeads and / or microspheres, preferably ranging in size from 200 to 4000 micrometers, and / or the coating has surface asperities allowing microbeads of the lower to stay there.
  • the second aggregates of the second band are, at least in part, constituted by aggregates of particle size 10/14 or 10/18.
  • the granulometry of the first granules has a discontinuity, the first aggregates of the second band being able, at least in part, to be constituted by aggregates of 0/14 particle size with discontinuity 4/10, or 0/10 with discontinuity 2/6, or 0/6 with discontinuity 2/4.
  • the first and second strips are separated by a separation zone capable of limiting the projection of the balls of the first band towards the second and / or of trapping them, this zone possibly comprising a partition and / or a gutter.
  • the invention also relates to a test track of the heterogeneous vehicle adhesion comprising a device according to the invention and having a longitudinal axis and a transverse axis, characterized in that it comprises transversely, at least one passage of the first band at the second or vice versa and / or longitudinally at least one passage from the first band to the second or vice versa, this track can be at least partly covered.
  • the method comprises an additional step of hot-pressing the draining mix with aggregates.
  • the figure 1 shows a diagram of said first band 1 according to the embodiment described.
  • This band 1 is able to reproduce the adhesion characteristics of a vehicle on a snow-covered ground or covered with wet grass. It consists of a coating 3 on which are arranged microbeads 2 on several thicknesses or layers 4, 5, 6. These microbeads are free on the coating and also between them.
  • the coating is made of calcareous sand whose accelerated polishing coefficient is 0.37 and the percentage of cement approximately 6.5% by mass.
  • This coating is perfectly flat but it has roughnesses whose function is to prevent the driving of all the microbeads during the passage of a vehicle.
  • the microbeads 2 are, in this embodiment, all of substantially the same diameter, ie about 1000 micrometers. The quantity is sufficient to ensure a total thickness of the microbeads of 3 to 4 mm.
  • the coefficient of adhesion increases from 0.3 to 0.4.
  • FIGS. 2a to 2c show diagrams of the second band 10 of the device according to this embodiment of the invention.
  • This second strip 10 comprises a coating 11, possibly the same as that of the first strip, a tread 12.
  • this tread 12 is constituted by a draining mix 13 consisting of granules and binders known chosen and having due to its drainability of many cavities, at least 20% of communicating voids, which can accommodate the microbeads 2 possibly spread during the preparing or using the overall device, which avoids a lowering of adhesion; this mix consists of 0/14 size aggregates with 4/10 discontinuity (aggregates 16).
  • the chosen binder has a high resistance to tearing.
  • the thickness of the wearing course 12, which should preferably be between 30 and 50 mm, is 45 mm.
  • the tread 12 preferably comprises second aggregates on its upper face. These aggregates are attached to the mixture 13 by hot nailing. The size of these second aggregates is greater than that of the aggregates 15, 16 contained in the drain coating 13, in this case 14/18.
  • the figure 3 shows a diagram of the separation zone between the first band 1 and the second band 10 according to a particular embodiment.
  • This zone comprises two partitions 18, whose height is slightly greater than that of the draining mix 13 and one of which is disposed against the first band 1 and the other against the second band and they are themselves separated by a channel 19 having a grid on its upper part, the meshes of this grid having a size greater than that of microbeads 2.
  • This channel 19 is to recover the balls that would be projected towards the second band during the passage of the vehicle.
  • the withdrawal of the microbeads projected from the second may be also perform at this frequency, while it can be performed at a rate four to five times lower, or even less, in the presence of a gutter 15cm wide.
  • the figure 4 has a track 20 comprising a device according to the invention, that is to say a first band 1 with microbeads and a second band 10 high adhesion whose tread is constituted by a draining coating studded with a second granulate larger size, namely size 10/14.
  • the track 20 comprises, on one side of the axis, successively a first band 1 able to reproduce the characteristics of a snowy ground then a second band 10 highly adherent, while it comprises a second highly adherent band 10 then a first band 1 and again a highly adherent band 10 on the other side.
  • the track 20 comprises a first zone with two different bands 1,10, then a second zone with the first band 1, then a third zone with two different bands but whose position is reversed with respect to the first zone, and finally a fourth zone with only a highly adherent band 10.
  • the track could have the form of a disk or a rolling circuit sufficiently wide to be able to perform tests of baffles and turns, thus allowing to check the behavior of curved vehicles.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Road Paving Structures (AREA)
  • Tires In General (AREA)
  • Input Circuits Of Receivers And Coupling Of Receivers And Audio Equipment (AREA)
  • Vehicle Interior And Exterior Ornaments, Soundproofing, And Insulation (AREA)
  • Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)
  • Steering Devices For Bicycles And Motorcycles (AREA)
  • Automatic Cycles, And Cycles In General (AREA)

Claims (14)

  1. Vorrichtung, die Eigenschaften bezüglich der heterogenen Haftung eines Fahrzeugs wiedergeben kann, die mindestens zwei Laufbahnen unterschiedlicher Beschaffenheit aufweist und dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, dass die erste Bahn einen ersten Belag aufweist, auf dem mehrere Schichten kugelförmiger Elemente angeordnet sind, wobei die kugelförmigen Elemente der oberen Schichten relativ zueinander rollen können, während die zweite Bahn einen zweiten Belag aufweist, auf dem ein Drain-Asphalt genannter Asphalt aufgebracht ist, der aus ersten Granulaten besteht und mindestens 20% kommunizierender Hohlräume aufweist.
  2. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Asphalt mit zweiten Granulaten abgesplittet ist, deren Größe mindestens derjenigen der Granulate des Drain-Asphalt genannten Asphalts entspricht.
  3. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 und 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die kugelförmigen Elemente (2) auf Mikroperlen und/oder Mikrokugeln bestehen, deren Größe vorzugsweise zwischen 200 und 4000 Mikrometer beträgt.
  4. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Belang (1) an der Oberfläche Unebenheiten (3) aufweist, die es Mikroperlen der unteren Schicht ermöglichen, sich darin anzuordnen.
  5. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die zweiten Granulate der zweiten Bahn zumindest teilweise aus Granulaten der Korngrößenverteilung 10/14 oder 10/18 bestehen.
  6. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Korngrößenverteilung der ersten Granulate eine Diskontinuität aufweist.
  7. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die ersten Granulate der zweiten Bahn zumindest teilweise aus Granulaten der Korngrößenverteilung 0/14 mit einer Diskontinuität von 4/10 oder der Korngrößenverteilung 0/10 mit einer Diskontinuität von 2/6 oder der Korngrößenverteilung 0/6 mit einer Diskontinuität von 2/4 bestehen.
  8. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die erste und die zweite Bahn durch einen Trennbereich voneinander getrennt sind, der das Schleudern der Perlen von der ersten Bahn zur zweiten Bahn einschränken und/oder diese Perlen auffangen kann.
  9. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Trennbereich eine Trennwand aufweist.
  10. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Trennbereich einen Kanal (19) aufweist.
  11. Strecke für Versuche zur heterogenen Haftung eines Fahrzeugs, mit einer Vorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche und einer Längsachse und einer Querachse, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie in Querrichtung mindestens einen Übergang von der ersten zur zweiten Bahn oder umgekehrt und/oder in Längsrichtung mindestens einen Übergang von der ersten zur zweiten Bahn oder umgekehrt aufweist.
  12. Strecke nach Anspruch 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie zumindest teilweise bedeckt ist.
  13. Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Strecke, die Eigenschaften bezüglich der heterogenen Haftung eines Fahrzeugs wiedergeben kann, wobei das Verfahren darin besteht:
    - einen Belag herzustellen,
    - auf einem ersten Abschnitt dieses Belags einen Drain-Asphalt mit mindestens 20% kommunizierender Hohlräume zu gießen,
    - auf einem zweiten Abschnitt des Belags, der sich nahe dem ersten Abschnitt befindet, mehrere Schichten kugelförmiger Elemente aufzubringen.
  14. Verfahren nach Anspruch 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es einen zusätzlichen Schritt umfasst, der darin besteht, eine Warmabsplittung des Drain-Asphalts mit Granulaten durchzuführen.
EP04291724A 2003-07-31 2004-07-08 Vorrichtung zur Wiedergabe der heterogenen Strassenhaftung eines Fahrzeuges Not-in-force EP1502997B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0309416 2003-07-31
FR0309416A FR2858337B1 (fr) 2003-07-31 2003-07-31 Dispositif apte a reproduire les caracteristiques d'adherence heterogene d'un vehicule

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1502997A1 EP1502997A1 (de) 2005-02-02
EP1502997B1 true EP1502997B1 (de) 2008-08-27

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP04291724A Not-in-force EP1502997B1 (de) 2003-07-31 2004-07-08 Vorrichtung zur Wiedergabe der heterogenen Strassenhaftung eines Fahrzeuges

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EP (1) EP1502997B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE406479T1 (de)
DE (1) DE602004016085D1 (de)
ES (1) ES2309472T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2858337B1 (de)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GR1005587B (el) * 2007-02-20 2007-07-16 Ανδρεας Στρατηγακης Πιστα ελεγχομενης προσφυσης
CN107543791A (zh) * 2017-09-11 2018-01-05 南京林业大学 碎石封层中碎石和沥青之间粘结性能的评价方法

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2760090B1 (fr) * 1997-02-25 1999-05-14 Peugeot Piste d'essai multi-adherence
FR2809422B1 (fr) * 2000-05-26 2003-08-01 France Etat Dispositif apte a reproduire les caracteristiques d'adherence d'un vehicule sur un sol enneige ou recouvert d'herbe humide

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2309472T3 (es) 2008-12-16
EP1502997A1 (de) 2005-02-02
FR2858337A1 (fr) 2005-02-04
FR2858337B1 (fr) 2005-10-14
ATE406479T1 (de) 2008-09-15
DE602004016085D1 (de) 2008-10-09

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