EP1496171B1 - Wall element for façade covering or similar - Google Patents

Abstract

A wall or building facade cladding panel has a layer of hard foam in which ceramic tiles, stones or similar are embedded or bonded. The seams between adjacent tiles are accessible. The rear face of the panel esp. has an array of vertical and horizontal grooves that serve to equalise water vapour pressure and relieve stress caused by minor misalignment between adjacent interlocking panels. The grooves are 3 mm wide and 10 mm deep.

Description

The invention relates to a wall element for the cladding of facades or house walls, with a layer of rigid foam, embedded in the layer of rigid foam and / or incorporated and / or glued plates, stones, ceramics or Ziegelmiemchen, with joints between the plates, stones, Ceramics or, Ziegelmiemchen which joints are available, with a toothing of recesses and comb-like prongs or projections on one or at two opposite edges of the wall element for connection to an adjacent wall element, with grooves which are provided in the surface of the back of the wall element wherein at least some of the grooves are perpendicular to the recesses and comb-like prongs or projections of the payment. Such a wall element is from the BE-A-1 009 039 known.

It is known to subsequently disguise houses with wall elements that have the appearance of a masonry. In such wall elements, however, it is difficult to achieve the impression of a closed masonry for whole house walls. So that the individual wall elements and their attachment points can not be clearly recognized, it is known to arrange the plates and the hard foam layer carrying them so that at the vertical edges of the wall panel plates together with their associated part of the rigid foam layer carrying them alternately over a projecting vertical edge and the protruding plates of a vertical edge are offset relative to the respective plates of the other opposite vertical edges offset by about half a plate length, so that in two juxtaposed wall elements extending beyond the vertical edge plates of a wall element in the between engage two protruding plates formed gaps of the adjacent wall element and thus form a closed masonry with closed rigid foam layer ( DE 35 03 543 A1 ).

It is also known, in order to achieve a predetermined, uniform, in particular flat surface adjacent plates of the known arrangement to connect the adjacent comb-like wall elements with tongue and groove and in the vertical and horizontal directions with each other to provide overlapping areas of the rigid foam layer ( DE 92 13 076 U1 ).

From the BE 1 009 039 A3 a generic wall element is known which has on one side a layer or layer of plastic foam and is provided on the other side with Ziegelriemchen, which are placed in a bandage to each other. On the back of the layer of plastic foam vertically extending channels are provided, can flow through the condensation water.

From the EP 1 164 231 A2 is an insulating wall covering known. In order to improve the adhesion and cohrision of the cladding elements on the already existing outside of the building material, horizontally extending grooves are cut in the back of the cladding elements.

For a very different purpose is in the DE 37 43 166 A1 a sub-wallpaper plate is provided for the internal insulation of rooms, which consists of a foamed polystyrene foam. It is glued from the inside to a wall and has recesses and / or elevations to increase the Anriebsfläche the adhesive on the back of the plate.

The object of the invention, however, is to improve one of the generic, known wall elements for the lining of Fassanden or house walls.

This object is achieved in a generic wall element according to the invention that at least some other of the grooves horizontally in line with the recesses and comb-like prongs or projections of the toothing and / or obliquely and that the grooves terminate in recessed areas in front of the edges of the wall element.

Further developments of the invention are characterized in the subclaims.

In principle, therefore, the invention consists in that in a wall element in a layer of rigid foam embedded, incorporated or glued plates, stones, belts or the like in the rear wall of the wall element grooves are provided in a groove arrangement. The grooves in this groove arrangement serve essentially to compensate for a vapor pressure and / or for surface relaxation. Some of the grooves in the groove arrangement may be arranged vertically, others of the grooves are arranged horizontally; as an advantage, a combination of vertically extending and horizontally extending grooves, whereby alternatively also oblique grooves or groove parts are advantageously used.

In a further development spacer sleeves are arranged between the grooves on one side and in the joints between the bricks or plates on the other side, which penetrate the wall element and allow attachment of the wall element to the supporting wall without being pressed out of the wall element during attachment to become. The opening of the spacer sleeve is located in a joint between two adjacent plates behind a recess which extends to the depth of the foamed spacer sleeve. These spacers have a hole penetrating the layer. The recess can be closed by a suitably sized piece of foam. At the back of these spacers end on surfaces between the grooves, so not in the region of the grooves.

By the invention, a vapor pressure equalization and / or a surface relaxation can be achieved and thus moisture development and damage to the wall element largely avoided. The grooves terminate at the edges of the wall element in opposite the surface of the back recessed edge regions and thereby allow a distribution of the vapor pressure over adjacent wall elements and possibly also beyond. In addition, connectable or interlocking elevations, depressions and grooves and springs allow easier and secure connection of the adjacent wall elements and also better recognition of the successful connection of these wall elements.

Figur 1

eine Ansicht der Vorderseite eines Wandelements;

Figur 2

eine Ansicht der Rückseite des Wandelements gemäß Figur 1, das jedoch nicht durch dieses Patent geschützt wird, da es keine waagerechte Rillen zeigt;

Figur 3

eine Seitenansicht auf die waagerechte Kante des Wandelements in Figur 2;

Figur 4

eine Seitenansicht auf die senkrechte Kante des Wandelements in Figur 2;

Figur 5

eine andere Ausbildung der Rückseite des Wandelements gemäß Figur 1 das auch nicht hiermit geschützt wird, das es keine senkrechte Rillen hat und

Figur 6

eine weitere Ausbildung der Rückseite des Wandelements gemäß Figur 1 in einer Ausführung nach dem Anspruch 1 dieser Erfindung.

For a more detailed explanation of the invention, several embodiments will be described below with reference to the drawings. These show in:

FIG. 1

a view of the front of a wall element;

FIG. 2

a view of the back of the wall element according to FIG. 1 which, however, is not protected by this patent because it does not show horizontal grooves;

FIG. 3

a side view of the horizontal edge of the wall element in FIG. 2 ;

FIG. 4

a side view of the vertical edge of the wall element in FIG. 2 ;

FIG. 5

another embodiment of the back of the wall element according to FIG. 1 that is not hereby protected, it has no vertical grooves and

FIG. 6

a further embodiment of the back of the wall element according to FIG. 1 in an embodiment according to claim 1 of this invention.

In FIG. 1 is a wall element 1 with embedded in a hard foam layer 2, 3 embedded hard stone or ceramic plates 5, hereinafter referred to as ceramic plates. These ceramic plates 5 have been embedded in this material, for example in the production of the rigid foam material in a manner as described in the DE 30 33 819 A1 is described. This results in hard foam panels, which have a high thermal insulation and strength at the same time. The wall element 1 has upper and lower edges 1a and 1b, which are used to connect the wall element 1 with each above or below, similarly formed, not shown wall elements and have adapted tongue or groove or matched to each other elevations and depressions.

To use such wall elements 1 for the subsequent cladding of facades a plurality of spacers 9 are provided with holes or holes 6 in the wall elements 1 at predetermined locations, can be inserted through the fastening screws, not shown, to the support, not shown, for example, a facade. These holes 6, holes or the like are arranged in joints 7 between the ceramic plates 5 and are closed after the attachment of all wall elements 1, ie after the cladding of the facade, together with the joints 7 with mortar. In FIG. 1 the wall elements 1 are provided with very thick rigid foam layers 2 of, for example, 80 mm. The holes 6 are arranged at the foot of recesses 8, which are closed before grouting by appropriately adapted pieces of foam to protect the screw against the ingress of water. When using thinner rigid foam layers 2, the spacers can also end directly at the joints 7. The wall elements 1 can be securely and evenly fastened to the base, for example a facade, without the screws being able to squeeze into the hard foam layers 2. For this purpose, the holes 6 or the like are surrounded by a wall of a hard, hard material. This wall is formed for example by spacers 9 with flange-like statements, which include the rigid foam layers 2 between them. These spacers 9 are embedded in the production of hard foam layers, so with great heat, together with the ceramic plates 5 in one operation in the rigid foam. The material used for these spacers is a water vapor resistant, used, for example, 150 ° plastic.

The ceramic plates 5 are sized and arranged so that ceramic plates 5 of the wall element 1, together with their respective associated rigid foam part of a wall element 1 as tines 4 engage in recesses 3 of the respective adjacent wall element 1 and close these recesses 3.

In a similar manner, ceramic plates 5 of the respectively adjacent wall element 1 project beyond the edge of this wall element 1 and engage in recesses 3 of the wall element 1. In the case of the wall element 1, the recesses 3 are backed by a hard foam layer 3 of lesser thickness (D), which consists of one piece with the layer 2. This layer 3 is thus formed thinner at the locations of the recesses 3 than the entire layer 2 + 3. The layer 2 projects slightly beyond the plates 5 and thereby forms parts of the joints 7 to the adjacent wall element. The layer 3 of reduced thickness (D) protrudes beyond the protruding parts at the vertical and horizontal edges of the wall element 1 with an overlap strip 21. These projections 21 thus form an overlap zone in front of the comb-like projections. A foam layer 3 of reduced thickness consisting of one piece with the layer 2 of the wall element is also thinner under the ceramic plates 5 projecting beyond the edge of the wall element than the layer 2 + 3, in such a way that the ceramic plates 5 with their underlay in FIG the deposited recesses 3 just fit. The comb-like padding and embedding for the ceramic plates 5 forming thinner layer also forms in front of the plates 5 parts of the joints 7. In addition, this layer is formed in its area of origin to a front side perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the ceramic plates 5 extending surface, the protruding Surface of the wall element 1 is formed overlapping. In this way, a thermal bridge-free, dense cladding without heat or cold bridges is achieved. In addition, this construction causes a uniformly outwardly flat surface of all comb-like interconnected wall elements 1 in the longitudinal direction of the ceramic plates 5. The teeth thus obtained the adjacent wall elements 1 with their overlapping areas results after mortaring a uniform facade. The comb-like design and the uniform overlapping surfaces 21 at the same time a leadership of the wall elements 1, 2 is achieved in the process of their joining.

FIG. 2 shows a back view of the FIG. 1 explained wall element 1, in which grooves or depressions 10 are provided for clarity of illustration. These grooves 10 are about 3 mm deep and 10 mm wide and run in wesentntlichen in the vertical direction, ie perpendicular to the toothing 3, 4. The distances of the grooves 10 may be the same size, but is also an education, arrangement and frequency according to experience of Training of vapor pressure distributions or surface relaxation possible. The groove width and the groove depth can also be adapted to the requirements. At the horizontal edges 1 a, 1 b of the wall element 1, the grooves 10 end at areas 20, which are formed recessed relative to the surface 22 of the rigid foam layer 2, as in FIG. 4 made clear. These regions 20 can be used for connecting adjacent wall elements, but also for distributing the vapor pressure via one or more adjacent wall elements 1.

A similar arrangement of the grooves is provided in the similarly constructed from above or below with the wall element 1 wall elements. The grooves 10 of adjacent wall elements can each continue. But you can also be offset from each other.

FIG. 3 shows a view of the top of the horizontal edge of the wall element 1 in FIG. 2 with the overlapping regions of the hard foam layer 2. In the overlapping regions 21 preferably grooves 14 on the one hand and elongated projections 15 are provided on the other hand, which allow a hooking adjacent wall elements 1. Overlying wall elements 1 are preferably interconnected by grooves and springs, as in FIG. 4 indicated. They allow a slight installation of those wall elements 1, which are inserted into the lower wall elements 1 and hooked into the already laid wall elements 1 side.

FIG. 4 shows a side view of the wall element 1 on the vertical edge with the representation of groove 14 and spring 15 in the horizontal edge and with the recessed regions 20 for the vapor pressure distribution.

The depression of the regions 20 with respect to the surface 22 may correspond to the depth of the grooves 10.

FIG. 5 shows another embodiment of the back of the wall element 1 in FIG. 1 , Also in this figure 1 grooves are provided in the back of the wall element, but these grooves 11 are horizontal, ie in line with the teeth 3, 4 arranged. They too are shown at a distance. Recessed edge regions of the back 22 also provide for the distribution of Dampfdruchs on adjacent wall elements.

FIG. 6 shows a wall element according to this invention with a combination of the grooves 10, 11 of FIGS. 2 and 4 , Here, grooves 10 are shown with substantially vertical and / or grooves 11 with a substantially horizontal course 11. The grooves are partially continuous. The oblique arrangement of grooves 12 may be advantageous. Individual zones have interruptions 13, whereby, for example, the grooves 10, 11 are separated from each other or from the additional oblique grooves 12 by a collection or depression.

The wall elements 1 are at the parallel to the longitudinal direction of the stones 5 or the comb-like projections 3, 4 of foam formed foam plates 2 with connecting elements, for example, overlapping strips 21 in the vertical direction and with springs or grooves along the one horizontal edge and with grooves or Springs along the opposite horizontal edge of the respective wall element provided. The grooves and the springs engage in each other like the overlapping zones 21 and thereby stabilize both the connection on the longitudinal sides and at the transition from the longitudinal edges to the transverse edges in the corner area.

The grooves 10, 11 12 and / or provide the interruptions of the course are made at the same time with the Aufschäumungsprozess the rigid foam plate, for example, inserted in the form, positionable webs.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

wall element

1a, 1b

horizontal edges of 1

2

Rigid foam layer

3

Recess in 1, hard foam layer of reduced thickness

4

prong

5

ceramic stones

6

Holes in 2

7

Put

8th

Recesses before 6

9

spacers

10

vertical grooves in the back of 2

11

horizontal grooves in 2

12

oblique grooves in 2

13

interruptions

14

groove

15

feather

16

run

17

elongated projections

20

recessed areas on the edges

21

Overlap strips of the horizontal and vertical edges of 1

22

Surface of the back

Claims (3)

1. Wall element (1) for the cladding of façades or house walls,
   having a layer (2) of rigid foam material,
   having slabs (5), stones, ceramic material or fillets embedded and/or incorporated in and/or glued on the layer (2) of rigid foam material,
   having joints (7) between the panels (5), stones, ceramic material or quarter bricks, which joints (7) can be pointed,
   having toothing (3, 4) comprising recesses (3) and comb-like teeth (4) or projections on one or on two mutually opposite edges of the wall element (1) for the connection to an adjacent wall element (1),
   having grooves (10, 11, 12) that are provided in the surface (22) of the back of the wall element (1), wherein at least some of the grooves (10) extend perpendicularly to the recesses (3) and comb-like teeth (4) or projections of the toothing (3, 4),
   characterized in
   that at least some others of the grooves (11, 12) extend horizontally in line with the recesses (3) and comb-like teeth (4) or projections of the toothing and/or obliquely and
   that the grooves (10, 11, 12) terminate in recessed regions (20) in front of the edges (1a, 1b) of the wall element (1).
2. Wall element according to claim 1,
   characterized in
   that the grooves (10, 11, 12) have a depth of 3 mm and a width of 10 mm.
3. Wall element according to claim 1 or 2,
   characterized in
   that the grooves (10, 11, 12) have interruptions (13).

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