EP1485664B1 - Four a induction a creuset froid - Google Patents

Four a induction a creuset froid Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1485664B1
EP1485664B1 EP03709913A EP03709913A EP1485664B1 EP 1485664 B1 EP1485664 B1 EP 1485664B1 EP 03709913 A EP03709913 A EP 03709913A EP 03709913 A EP03709913 A EP 03709913A EP 1485664 B1 EP1485664 B1 EP 1485664B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
faces
sectors
crucible
segments
ceramic
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP03709913A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1485664A2 (fr
Inventor
Patrice Brun
Jacques Lacombe
Christian Ladirat
Francis Bousquet
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives CEA
Orano Demantelement SAS
Original Assignee
Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique CEA
Compagnie Generale des Matieres Nucleaires SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique CEA, Compagnie Generale des Matieres Nucleaires SA filed Critical Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique CEA
Publication of EP1485664A2 publication Critical patent/EP1485664A2/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1485664B1 publication Critical patent/EP1485664B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
    • F27B14/06—Crucible or pot furnaces heated electrically, e.g. induction crucible furnaces with or without any other source of heat
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
    • F27B14/06—Crucible or pot furnaces heated electrically, e.g. induction crucible furnaces with or without any other source of heat
    • F27B14/061—Induction furnaces
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
    • F27B14/08—Details peculiar to crucible or pot furnaces
    • F27B2014/0843—Lining or casing

Definitions

  • the subject of this invention is a induction furnace for incineration and vitrification of organic matter, vitrification of radioactive or non-radioactive waste radioactive material, the vitrification of hazardous waste and fusion of refractory bodies.
  • the structure of such ovens includes essentially a refractory concrete hearth including cooling water circuits on which is installed a side wall called the crucible, surrounded by an inductor winding where circulates an electric current at frequencies greater than 100 kHz which is the source of the power produced at inside the crucible to melt the material that is there present.
  • These ovens are mainly used for incineration and vitrification of materials organic waste, the vitrification of radioactive waste or no and the fusion of refractory bodies. Industries likely to appeal to them are the waste treatment industry, including nuclear and dangerous, and the glass industry.
  • the side wall of the crucible is normally made of permeable metal material magnetic. It contains a circuit of cooling for that, firstly, the wall withstands the very high temperatures achieved for melting refractory materials such as glass and, secondly, to compensate for the electrical power dissipated by joule effect in the structure.
  • Such crucible is called "cold crucible”.
  • she is normally divided into vertical sectors, joined by their transverse faces by interposing a material electrical insulator, to limit induced currents in the wall that would produce heat losses and electromagnetic coupling between the inductor and the content of the crucible. Vertical sectors are arranged in the manner of the moat of a barrel.
  • the circuit cooling is usually composed of vertical pipes drilled in each of the sectors.
  • a first medium is to surround the crucible with a bandage circular made of cement or glass fabric impregnated with elastomer or epoxy resin.
  • Another medium that offers greater cohesion is to weld the sectors to each other on a flange circular above the inductor where the intensity at Magnetic field is weaker.
  • a last type of assembly which is preferred for the invention consists of assemble the vertical sectors making up the ferrule by screw on a circular flange above the inductor. To facilitate assembly, sectors have mounting tabs on the mounted part outside the ferrule.
  • the sole supporting the ferrule is composed of metal boxes crossed by a circuit of cooling placed in refractory concrete or composed of metal tubes of various sections (round, square, rectangular, and) mounted in parallel or herringbone and placed in refractory concrete.
  • the boxes or tubes are distant from each other by a refractory concrete width.
  • One of the faces is positioned to be perfectly in vis-à-vis with the melt content of the oven.
  • the shape of the boxes can be various: rectangular, triangular, etc.
  • the known crucibles and soles suffer of insufficiency that can be detailed as follows. For be applicable to the combustion-vitrification of organic materials on molten glass baths, or the melting of refractory bodies in an induction furnace, frequencies and heats much more important than in other applications are required. Risks of electrical short circuits can appear between the metal elements constituting the cold crucible (sectors, flanges), constituting the sole support of the crucible (boxes cooled metal) and between the elements of the crucible and sole. These short circuits appear even when the electrical insulators between sectors of the crucible and the boxes of the sole are wide.
  • these short circuits between the sectors of the crucible and the boxes of sole are possible by the presence of carbon deposited on the internal walls during combustion organic matter, or by the formation of sulphates on the surface of the glass baths coming into contact with different sectors and insulators in the inter-sectors, or for example share the release of large amount of water during the melting of refractory oxides.
  • These short circuits create irreparable damage to insulation between the elements constituting the crucible, on the refractory concrete placed between boxes cooling the sole, or even percent the metal elements of the hearth and crucible. electrical short circuits are also harmful to a good use of induction energy.
  • JP-A-5,322,451 discloses an induction furnace having the wall lateral consisting of contiguous vertical sectors. A layer of ceramic is applied to the surface of the sectors in contact with the molten material.
  • the chosen solution consists in metal sectors constituting the crucible and the metal boxes of the sole on one or all their faced with a layer of ceramic electrical insulation: at least on the internal and lateral sides of sectors facing each other to suppress arcs electric or, depending on the chemical attack and electric, on all sides including the head, the foot and the face facing the outside of the oven.
  • These ceramic coatings are complementary to electrical insulators positioned between the sectors of the crucible and the boxes of the sole and they allow a perfect electrical protection between different metal elements of the oven and even between the elements metal and the molten coating.
  • the metal boxes are placed in the sole by inserting an electrical insulator like concrete refractory.
  • an electrical insulator like concrete refractory.
  • the sectors of crucible once coated on one or all sides of ceramic electrical insulators, it can be mounted and screwed on the cooled flange that can also be covered with electrical insulation.
  • the invention will detail a mounting of crucibles by screws because it allows to limit mechanical assembly constraints (compressions local) and thermal (if there are welds), but the invention applies perfectly to other types of detailed editing in the state of the art.
  • Sharp edges oriented on the face internal oven are machined with rounded radius of curvature.
  • the removal of any sharp edge by the machining in radius of curvature relates to the edges inside the induction furnace.
  • the presence of chamfers on the other edges, outside the crucible, may be sufficient without being a obligation.
  • the sizing of these rays of curvature achieves the features following:
  • the radius of curvature should not be small dimension (less than 1 mm), for example for avoid trapping matter in the free air gap between sectors when varying the height glass bath,
  • the radius of curvature should be small (less than 5 mm) to be sure that the cooled metal areas are enough close to prevent molten glass from coming into contact of the electrical insulator placed in the intervals, at the risk of damaging it and flee the matter from the inside of crucible towards outside.
  • the invention differs in the case accurate application of incineration and vitrification of organic matter, vitrification of waste and fusion of refractory bodies by low values of thermal flows exchanged between the vitrifying material and the oven walls.
  • these flows are lower by one order of magnitude than in the cold melting crucibles of metals by the creation against the wall of the oven a self-crucible of glass, solid and refractory.
  • the protective ceramic materials are perfectly cooled, preventing their degradation, their flaking and, above all, pollution of vitrified matter.
  • a crucible includes a refractory concrete sole that carries the reference 1, a side wall bearing the reference 2, its stainless steel sectors bearing the reference 3, intermediate layers of electrical insulators the reference 4, and turns of the inductor the reference 5.
  • the construction and layout details of these elements are in accordance with the foregoing description.
  • the lateral part 2 is only partially represented, but it is clear that it extends over a circle or complete turn, as for any other crucible including those of the invention.
  • Each of the sectors 3 is dug of a cooling circuit 6 extending over almost all of its height and composed here of a pair vertical parallel ducts and joining at the bottom sectors 3 (only one of these ducts being visible in sectional representation).
  • Holes 7 and 8 coolant inlet and outlet have ducts communicate outside of areas 3 and they open into collectors 9 and 10 superposed belonging to the same flange 11 to which the sectors 3 are welded by a circular cord 12 at their upper outer edge. Even with this weld, it is possible to add a bandage to the structure 13 outside the flange 11 to improve the cohesion of the side wall 2 and ensure a gas tightness.
  • the disadvantages mentioned previously two modes of assembly of the wall side 2 do not disappear though if these modes are combined. Sole 1 is cooled by a circulation of water in metal boxes that have not not been represented here.
  • the sectors of the side wall carry reference 20. They have the same outer shape and are still crossed by a pair of ducts of a cooling circuit 21 whose ends open out through tubes 23a and 23b ( Figure 3). But unlike the known realization, the sectors 20 of the invention are not bare but covered with a ceramic coating 22 which can be selected from compositions based on alumina, mullite, cordierite, zircons, zirconia, or zirconates, various additives that can be added according to thermal, chemical constraints and electric that the crucible will have to face. Only one sector 20 is shown with the coating 22 at the Figure 2, but all are actually filled. Of same, the coating 22 is present on the sector 20 of Figure 3, but has not been shown for the sake of of lightening of the drawing.
  • the coating 22 extends to the top of sectors 20. Its thickness is between 50 ⁇ m and 500 ⁇ m according to the applications.
  • a disposition complementary to reduce the probability of arcs electric, while allowing better adhesion of the coating 22, is to remove the sharp edges between the faces 24 to 27 of the sectors 20: here, the edges 28 and 29 internal to the oven (between the face 24 and the side faces 25 and 26) have been rounded to a radius of curvature that can be from one to five millimeters, and the other edges, such as 30 and 31 (between the outer face 27 and the others laterals 25 and 26) were simply chamfered; this last provision is necessary only for facilitate the adhesion of the coating 22 to the junction of two coated faces. Horizontal edges of sectors 20, up and down, can also be rounded or chamfered if arcing is to fear with neighboring elements.
  • Sectors 20 comprise a lug 32 upper, also in circle sector that overlooks the outer face 27. It includes a cut 33 opening on outside.
  • a flat flange 34 of circular shape is placed on all the legs 32 and includes 35. Screws 36 are engaged in the tapping 35 through the notches 33 and support under the legs 32, which they hold against the flat flange 34. Thus, the sectors 20 are held in place and form a single set.
  • a 37 outer bandage can be added to ensure sealing the crucible in the air and make the assembly even firmer, without being indispensable; it can be made of impregnated solid glass fabric elastomer or epoxy resin.
  • layers electrical insulation 38 made of mica for example, can be introduced between the lateral faces 25 and 26 of sectors 20 neighbors.
  • a ceramic coating 57 can also be arranged on the flange 34, and above all on its face lower 58 which touches the tabs 32 of the sectors 20. Here too it is useful to chamfer the edges joining two faces coated with ceramic.
  • Another provision, made possible by the flat flange 34, would consist of adding a lid 19 held on it and held by clamps 40 to screws 41 engaged in threads of the flat flange 34 in order to confine the continuous crucible and ensure a perfect seal.
  • the layers of insulation electrical 38 have already been intercalated. In terms of the height of the wedge 42 and the tightening of the collars 43, the diameter of the side wall and its prestressing can be set.
  • the screws 36 are then tightened to attach the tabs 32 to the flat flange 34 located under they.
  • the bandage 37 can be formed first by windings 371 located between the clamps 43, then by the complementary windings when the necklaces of tightening 43 were removed. This pose of the bandage two beats not to loosen the prestressing the side wall by loosening prematurely the necklaces 43.
  • FIGS. 6 and 7 illustrate the sole 46 of the embodiment of the invention. It includes a plate main 47 with a central concavity occupying the cooling boxes 48. Each box 48 comprises a supply duct 49 and a duct water outlet 50.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Crucibles And Fluidized-Bed Furnaces (AREA)
  • Furnace Housings, Linings, Walls, And Ceilings (AREA)
  • Furnace Details (AREA)
  • Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
  • General Induction Heating (AREA)
  • Table Devices Or Equipment (AREA)
  • Cookers (AREA)
  • Diaphragms For Electromechanical Transducers (AREA)
  • Crystals, And After-Treatments Of Crystals (AREA)
  • Magnetic Heads (AREA)
EP03709913A 2002-02-04 2003-01-31 Four a induction a creuset froid Expired - Lifetime EP1485664B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0201276A FR2835601B1 (fr) 2002-02-04 2002-02-04 Creuset de four a induction
FR0201276 2002-02-04
PCT/FR2003/000299 WO2003067166A2 (fr) 2002-02-04 2003-01-31 Four a induction a creuset froid

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1485664A2 EP1485664A2 (fr) 2004-12-15
EP1485664B1 true EP1485664B1 (fr) 2005-06-29

Family

ID=27619857

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP03709913A Expired - Lifetime EP1485664B1 (fr) 2002-02-04 2003-01-31 Four a induction a creuset froid

Country Status (12)

Country Link
US (1) US6996153B2 (ru)
EP (1) EP1485664B1 (ru)
JP (1) JP4287281B2 (ru)
KR (1) KR101006751B1 (ru)
CN (1) CN100402962C (ru)
AT (1) ATE298873T1 (ru)
AU (1) AU2003214344A1 (ru)
DE (1) DE60300941T2 (ru)
ES (1) ES2243892T3 (ru)
FR (1) FR2835601B1 (ru)
RU (1) RU2301949C2 (ru)
WO (1) WO2003067166A2 (ru)

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JPH0928999A (ja) * 1995-07-14 1997-02-04 Nobuo Kurosawa プレス機の鏝カバー
WO2005072167A2 (en) * 2004-01-16 2005-08-11 Consarc Corp. Cold crucible induction furnace
FR2871151B1 (fr) * 2004-06-07 2006-08-11 Centre Nat Rech Scient Cnrse Installation d'affinage de silicium
FR2938554B1 (fr) * 2008-11-19 2011-05-06 Areva Nc Procede de revetement d'un element de creuset metallique par un melange de verre et de ceramique
WO2010065401A2 (en) * 2008-12-01 2010-06-10 Inductotherm Corp. Purification of silicon by electric induction melting and directional partial cooling of the melt
KR101340876B1 (ko) * 2011-09-26 2013-12-13 한국수력원자력 주식회사 내측면이 곡면 형상인 금속 섹터를 포함하는 유도가열식 저온용융로
KR101307741B1 (ko) * 2011-09-26 2013-09-11 한국수력원자력 주식회사 외측면이 곡면 형상인 금속 섹터를 포함하는 유도가열식 저온용융로
US9265096B2 (en) 2011-09-26 2016-02-16 Korea Hydro & Nuclear Power Co., Ltd. Metal sector having curved outer surface and cold crucible induction melter having the same
WO2013047913A1 (ko) * 2011-09-26 2013-04-04 한국수력원자력 주식회사 내측면이 곡면 형상인 금속 섹터 및 이를 포함하는 유도가열식 저온용융로
KR101340877B1 (ko) 2012-02-14 2013-12-13 한국수력원자력 주식회사 외부냉각유로를 이용한 저온용융로 및 금속섹터 조립체
KR101307745B1 (ko) * 2012-02-14 2013-09-11 한국수력원자력 주식회사 냉각흐름이 개선된 저온용융로
US9004151B2 (en) * 2012-09-27 2015-04-14 Apple Inc. Temperature regulated melt crucible for cold chamber die casting
KR20140064048A (ko) * 2012-11-19 2014-05-28 한국수력원자력 주식회사 유리용융로 바닥용 금속섹터 및 유리용융로
KR101465982B1 (ko) * 2012-11-19 2014-11-28 한국수력원자력 주식회사 유리 용융로 금속섹터 및 그 코팅 방법
KR101372644B1 (ko) * 2012-12-21 2014-03-17 주식회사 포스코 슬래그 유도 용해로
FR3002314A1 (fr) * 2013-02-18 2014-08-22 Commissariat Energie Atomique Four a induction et procede de traitement des dechets metalliques a entreposer
JP2015021691A (ja) * 2013-07-22 2015-02-02 シンフォニアテクノロジー株式会社 コールドクルーシブル溶解炉及びその製造方法
FR3009642B1 (fr) 2013-08-08 2018-11-09 Areva Nc Procede et installation d'incineration, fusion et vitrification de dechets organiques et metalliques
DE102015015337B4 (de) * 2015-09-01 2018-06-21 Abp Induction Systems Gmbh Induktionstiegelofen und magnetischer Rückschluss hierfür
KR101874709B1 (ko) * 2016-11-25 2018-08-02 한국수력원자력 주식회사 금속산화물 보강재를 포함하는 저온용융로 및 그 제조 방법
CN108562166B (zh) * 2018-06-13 2023-08-01 重庆云彬科技发展有限公司 具有节能功能的电磁加热锅炉
KR101973651B1 (ko) * 2018-09-11 2019-04-29 첨단기공 주식회사 스파클링 방지를 위한 유리화 저온용융로의 하부챔버 및 그 제작방법
RU188957U1 (ru) * 2018-11-15 2019-04-30 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Научно-Техническая Компания "Эспадон" Устройство экстренного гарантированного уничтожения информации, содержащейся в электронных носителях
FR3100421B1 (fr) 2019-08-30 2021-09-10 Commissariat Energie Atomique Four à induction comprenant un circuit résonant additionnel

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
KR20040077935A (ko) 2004-09-07
EP1485664A2 (fr) 2004-12-15
CN1628233A (zh) 2005-06-15
DE60300941T2 (de) 2006-05-11
CN100402962C (zh) 2008-07-16
US6996153B2 (en) 2006-02-07
DE60300941D1 (de) 2005-08-04
ES2243892T3 (es) 2005-12-01
KR101006751B1 (ko) 2011-01-10
FR2835601B1 (fr) 2006-07-28
ATE298873T1 (de) 2005-07-15
AU2003214344A1 (en) 2003-09-02
RU2301949C2 (ru) 2007-06-27
JP4287281B2 (ja) 2009-07-01
US20050129087A1 (en) 2005-06-16
JP2005517148A (ja) 2005-06-09
WO2003067166A2 (fr) 2003-08-14
RU2004126690A (ru) 2005-06-10
FR2835601A1 (fr) 2003-08-08
WO2003067166A3 (fr) 2004-03-25

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