EP1484275B1 - Locking and actuating unit for a lateral jib locking device - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a lock for telescopic shots according to the preamble of Patent claim 1.

Telescopic shots of crane jibs can be locked in the extended state, among other things to relieve the telescoping system. This applies in particular if Carrier devices, such as piston / cylinder units for extending the telescopic shots be used, which extend one telescopic shot after the other or retract. In order to lock telescopic shots, usually locking bolts are used, from a telescopic shot in a recording of an adjacent telescopic section intervention.

From DE 198 11 813 A1 discloses a lock is known, in each case two locking bolts a locking unit on the inner telescopic section are arranged so that she with two adjoining shots in the vertical side bars of the adjacent outer telescopic section can be brought into engagement. The lock points a hydraulic cylinder, which is arranged parallel to the longitudinal axis of the telescopic sections and a lever that controls the direction of movement of the actuating cylinder in the movement the locking pin converts. The engagement end of the lever engages when the device controlled by position monitoring is in each case moved to the appropriate location, in the inner Umgriff of the locking cylinder, so that by pressing the hydraulic cylinder the locked position can be solved. Due to a) the execution the engagement end of the lever and the inner handle of the locking bolt, b) the necessary ways to overcome the gaps between external and internal Telescopic section and (c) the strength and function-related minimum dimensions of the locking bolt, its storage, the encircling the locking bolt, the lever as well the actuating cylinder, resulting minimum dimensions for the innermost telescopic section.

It is the object of the present invention to provide a lock for telescopic shots for To make available, which lock is designed to save space.

These objects are achieved by the subject matter of claim 1.

According to the invention, the locking bolt in a receptacle, particularly preferably in a socket, received or stored in the emergency operation for a displacement of the locking bolt from its extended position is provided in its retracted position. An emergency operation for a release of the locking bolt without the release device is thus in the recording of the locking bolt integrated, whereby a large space saving is achieved.

The lock for telescopic shots comprises a linearly displaceable Locking bolt for connecting and disconnecting an inner telescopic section and an outer telescopic section, wherein the locking bolt by means of a rotary actuator is moved from its extended position to its retracted position and held biased in its extended position.

The advantage of the arrangement is in particular that it deals with build very small overall dimensions. Thus, the locking system on essential smaller telescopic shots of crane jibs than previously used. Either the height as well as the width of the required installation space are determined by the use a turning operation noticeably reduced.

The locking bolt is preferably mounted in the inner telescopic section and protrudes in its extended position into the outer telescopic section adjacent thereto, so that the telescopic sections are not displaced relative to each other in the axial direction can. In its retracted position, the locking bolt is disengaged the outer telescopic section, wherein a displacement of the telescopic sections relative to each other is possible. It can be a smaller compared to a hydraulic cylinder Rotary drive can be used. This rotary drive can optionally hydraulic, electric or pneumatically operated. Such a rotary drive has a smaller footprint as a hydraulic cylinder, which by means of a lever system on the locking bolt acts. Particularly preferred in each case two locking bolts on the inner telescopic section arranged so that they have two opposing receptacles in the vertical side bars of the outer telescopic section are engageable, namely preferably in the middle region of the side bars.

Preferably, for a temporary connection between locking bolt and rotary drive taken care of when the inner telescopic section is to be moved.

The rotary actuator can act directly on the locking bolt. Especially preferred is the locking bolt via a connecting element with the rotary actuator at least temporarily connectable.

Preferably, the connecting element has a cam guide, in particular a cam claw on or is formed by a curve guide, in particular a curve claw. This is particularly advantageous if the connecting element is not permanently connected to the Locking bolt should be connected. The curve guide is from the rotary actuator driven and acts on the locking bolt, according to the guide curve the curve guide is moved linearly. Preferably, a cam claw is provided, which includes a guide surface and slightly out of engagement with the locking pin can be brought. Particularly preferred is a curve as cam guide used.

Particularly preferred is on the locking bolt an engaging member, for. B. in shape a pen or a roller provided. A surface is formed on the cam, which approaches an axis of the rotary actuator. This guide curve or guide surface can be a flat or round surface, more preferably, the guide surface runs spiral towards the axis. The axis of the rotary actuator is essentially perpendicular to the displacement axis of the locking bolt. Upon rotation of the cam guide the guide surface moves along the engagement member, the locking bolt approaching the axis of the rotary actuator. He is preferably on the Axis of the rotary actuator pulled.

The cam guide may preferably be disengaged from the locking bolt become. This is particularly advantageous if the same rotary actuator and Curved guide used for different locking bolts of different telescopic shots shall be. Particularly preferably, the cam guide can only be disengaged be brought with the locking bolt when the locking bolt in his extended position is located. This increases the reliability of a lock because The inner telescopic section is never in a "free" state, in which the inner Telescopic shot connected neither to the outer telescopic section nor to the curve guide is. Preferably, the cam guide can then with the locking bolt in or disengaged when the locking bolt in its "safe" extended position is located.

Preferably, the cam guide can be brought into a passive position in which the Cam guide is out of engagement with the locking pin and relative to the locking bolt can be moved without engaging with the locking bolt reach. Preferably, the cam guide is in its passive position against rotation secured to increase safety. It does not come to an unwanted Actuation of a locking bolt.

To move the telescopic sections relative to each other is preferably a piston / cylinder unit used, with the head of the cylinder with the inner telescopic section is connectable and this relative to the outer telescopic section in the operation of the Cylinder moves. Before a shift of the inner telescope shot is previously the Locking the two telescopic shots solved by the locking bolt in his retracted position is moved. Preferably, a release device is provided, with the piston / cylinder unit preferably at the piston outlet side head of the cylinder, is connected and can be moved along the axis of the telescopic shots. The release device comprises the rotary actuator and the connecting element and is with the inner end of the locking bolt. engageable to the locking bolt against the bias from its extended position into its retracted To move position.

Thus, the engaging member of the locking bolt with the guide surface securely engaged can be brought, the locking bolt is preferably rotationally linear slidably mounted. An angular or oval locking bolt can be used. Preferably, a cylindrical locking bolt through a groove or a Pen prevented from twisting.

The curve guide is preferably by an elastic force, in particular by a Spring force, held in its passive position. The cornering can be in the passive Position by a securing element, in particular a locking pin to be fixed. The fuse element can be used in addition to the spring action.

By designing the curve guide and the choice of passive position is the Width of the latch reduced so much that a collision with the surrounding parts the locking bolt and the telescopic shots during the movement of the piston / cylinder unit is avoided in the longitudinal direction of the telescopic shots.

The emergency operation preferably comprises an actuating element, in particular a pin, the held in the sleeve in the axial direction of the sleeve in different axial positions can be and takes the locking pin with a change in the axial position. The actuator can be clamped in different axial positions become. Particularly preferably, the actuating element via a thread with the Connected socket and can thus with a rotation relative to the socket in different axial positions are positioned. For this purpose, the actuating element with the curve guide facing side of the socket connected via a thread. Will the actuator fixed on the locking bolt and rotated about its longitudinal axis, a relative movement generated between locking bolt and socket. This version of the Emergency operation with integrated in the socket actuator required over the current state of the art significantly less space.

Particularly preferably, the emergency operation is carried out so that they also as so-called Anti-rotation against twisting the locking bolt can be used. The Actuator can be used as an emergency, as anti-rotation or for both become.

The above-described emergency operation, or rotation is also without a rotary actuator a cam guide for a displacement of the locking bolt advantageous used. For this reason, the Applicant reserves the right to apply for a separate patent application to judge.

Preferably, the proximity sensors are the relative position of the telescopic shots capture, integrated directly into the cylinder head. The cylinder head is designed to that the proximity sensors are housed in cavities or bores of the cylinder head and electrical connections via cable guides, the front side of the cylinder head are attached, can be led to the outside. There is a small footprint for the proximity sensors, which are housed protected at the same time.

Figur 1:

einen teilgeschnittenen inneren Teleskopschuss mit integrierter Verriegelung,

Figur 2:

eine Verriegelung für Teleskopschüsse gemäß Figur 1,

Figur 3:

eine Kolben/Zylinder-Einheit mit integrierter Drehbetätigung,

Figur 4:

die Kurvenscheibe in ihrer passiven Position mit dem Verriegelungsbolzen in seiner ausgefahrenen Stellung,

Figur 5:

die Kurvenscheibe in ihrer aktiven Position am Eingriffsbeginn mit dem Ver- riegelungsbolzen in seiner ausgefahrenen Stellung,

Figur 6:

die Kurvenscheibe in ihrer aktiven Position in ihrer Innenstellung mit dem Verriegelungsbolzen in seiner eingefahrenen Stellung,

Figur 7:

die Kurvenscheibe in ihrer aktiven Position am Eingriffsbeginn mit dem Ver- riegelungsbolzen in seiner eingefahrenen Stellung.

Figur 8:

Schnittdarstellung des Verriegelungsbolzens mit integrierter Notbetätigung und/oder Drehsicherung

Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be explained with reference to the following figures. The features disclosed herein preferably further form in the disclosed combinations and alone the claimed invention. Show it:

FIG. 1:

a partially cut inner telescopic section with integrated lock,

FIG. 2:

a lock for telescopic shots according to FIG. 1,

FIG. 3:

a piston / cylinder unit with integrated rotary actuator,

FIG. 4:

the cam in its passive position with the locking bolt in its extended position,

FIG. 5:

the cam in its active position at the start of engagement with the locking bolt in its extended position,

FIG. 6:

the cam in its active position in its inner position with the locking bolt in its retracted position,

FIG. 7:

the cam in its active position at the start of engagement with the locking bolt in its retracted position.

FIG. 8:

Sectional view of the locking bolt with integrated emergency control and / or anti-rotation device

Figure 1 shows a three-dimensional section of an inner telescopic section 18. He is inside stored in an outer telescopic section, not shown. To lock the two telescopic shots locking bolt 14 are provided, which by both protrude inside and through the outer telescopic section. In the drawing is only a locking bolt 14, preferably two locking bolts 14 are provided. The locking bolt 14 is via a guide bush 13 in the inner telescopic section 18 stored. The guide bush 13 is connected to the inner telescopic section 18, preferably via a press fit, connected. The locking bolt 14 may in the Guide bush 13 linear between an extended and a retracted position be moved transversely to the direction of the telescopic shots. A second not illustrated locking bolt is disposed opposite the locking bolt 14. In the outer telescopic section are preferably in den.vertikalen side bars recordings provided, in which the locking bolts are respectively engageable and thus connect the inner with the outer telescopic section when the locking bolt 14 are in their extended position. The two telescopic shots are thus locked against each other. In the following example, only a locking bolt considered.

To prevent inadvertent release of the lock, the locking bolt 14 held by a compression spring 28 in its extended position. The compression spring 28 is shown in FIG. By means of a release device of the locking bolt 14 are moved against the spring force in its retracted position. In this Position, the locking bolt 14 is no longer in engagement with the outer telescopic section, so that the locking of the telescopic shots is solved.

The release device is provided on a head 2 of a piston / cylinder unit 1, 3. A piston rod 1 can be pushed into a cylinder tube 3. The release device includes a rotary actuator 7 and a cam 10. To unlock the Locking the locking pin 14 by means of the cam, which of the Turning 7 is rotated, pulled into the interior of the telescopic shots. The locking pin 14 gets out of engagement with the outer telescopic section.

The lock for telescopic shots according to Figure 1 is in a three-dimensional view without the telescopic shots shown in Figure 2. Integrated, or attached to the Head 2 of the cylinder 3 is the rotary actuator 7, an interlock unit 12, a cylinder lock 5 and proximity sensors 6. The proximity sensors 6 detect the relative Position of the head 2 to the telescopic shots. By means of the cylinder lock 5 can the head 2 is firmly connected to a telescopic weft. The cylinder lock 5 can to transverse to the axis of the cylinder 1, 3 in a corresponding receptacle of the respective Telescopic shot are moved into. In this way, a telescopic shot moved by means of the piston / cylinder unit 1, 3 relative to the other telescopic shots become. The cylinder head 2 slides in guide rails. 4

Of the cylinder head 2 projects transversely to the longitudinal axis of the piston / cylinder unit 1, 3 the Turning 7 off. Preferably, it is a rotary drive with an axis 9. About this axis 9, the cam 10 can be rotated. The cam 10 can be fixed in a position by a locking pin 8. Preferably the locking pin 8 parallel to the axis of rotation 9 of the rotary actuator 7 of the rotary actuator 7 off in a corresponding receptacle in the cam 10 is moved (Figure 3). Around to allow rotation of the cam 10, the locking pin 8 in the rotary actuator 7 retracted and releases the cam 10 for rotation.

The interlock unit 12 controls and / or actuates the displacement movements of the safety pin 8 and the cylinder lock 5. By a rotation of the cam 10th about the axis 9, the cam 10 in engagement with the locking pin fourteenth to be brought. The cylinder head 2 is relative to using the proximity sensors 6 positioned accordingly to the locking bolt. The locking pin 14 is on its end, which points into the interior of the telescopic shots, executed bifurcated, wherein the two forked ends of an engaging member 15 transverse to the direction of displacement of the locking bolt 14 are penetrated. The engaging member 15 is called Driving pin 15 firmly connected to the locking pin 14. The cam 10 engages with a rotation about the axis 9 in the space between the driving pin 15 and the locking pin 14 and pulls the locking pin 14 on the Axis 9 of the rotary actuator 7 to.

A rotation lock 16 is connected to the bushing 13 and the locking bolt 14 and ensures that the engagement member 15 is always in a suitable radial position for an engagement of the cam 10 is located. According to FIG. 8, the anti-rotation device is the 16th designed as a rod 16, which via a thread 29 with the guide bush 13 at the Cam 10 facing the end face of the guide bush 13 is connected. Especially is preferred as a rod 16, a screw 16 is used, through an axial through hole 30 of the locking bolt 14 is running. During assembly, the screw 14 pushed through the through hole 30 of the locking bolt and then into the Screwed thread 29 of the guide bush 13. When installed, the presses Compression spring 28 the locking pin 14 to a screw head 31 to. Will the threaded rod or screw 16 is rotated so that it moves towards the axis 9, takes the threaded rod 16 with the locking pin 14. It is an emergency operation realized, which is integrated into the socket 13 and an actuation of the locking bolt 14 without the rotary actuator 7 and the cam 10 allows. The locking bolt 14 is in a bore 32 of the sleeve 13 and on the rod 16 through the through hole 30 stored. A rotation about the longitudinal axis of the locking bolt fourteenth is not possible. Particularly preferred two anti-rotation locks 16 are provided, to avoid tilting of the locking bolt 14 in an axial displacement.

In Figure 3, the piston / cylinder unit without the cam 10 is shown. The Rotary actuator 7 has a preferably square axis 9, on which the cam 10 with a corresponding recess 25 (see Figure 4) for the axis 9 placed becomes. The locking pin 8 can by an axial displacement in a corresponding Recess 26 (see Figure 4) for the locking pin 8, the cam 10 in a certain Fix position.

In the cylinder head 2 cable guides 17 can be seen, which are designed as holes. It is taken care of a compact design of the cylinder head 2, so that this in Telescopic shots with a small inner diameter of the telescopic shots are used can. This also ensures better protection against mechanical damage.

Figure 4 shows the cam 10 in its passive position (see Figure 1 and Figure 2). The cam 10 includes 2 curve jaws 24 at the same time both locking bolts 14 to press. In all figures, only one locking pin 14 is shown in each case. A cam claw 24 includes a radially outer surface 27 and a radially inner surface 21. The radially inner surface 21 is formed in the embodiment as a spiral surface 21, wherein the center of the spiral surface 21 is located in the axis of rotation 9 of the cam 10. If the cam 10 is in its passive position, it may be along the axis of the telescopic shots be moved without coming into engagement with the locking pin 14. The cam 10 is in a 0 degree position in the direction the longitudinal axis of the telescopic sections is longer than wide. In the passive position the cam 10, the cylinder head 2 together with the release device in the to be moved Telescopic shot to be moved. In this passive position is the cam secured by the locking pin 8. The release device has a suitable position achieved for releasing the locking bolt 14 when the axes of the longitudinal displacement of the locking bolt 14 and the rotation axis 9 of the rotary actuator 7 intersect.

If such a position of the cylinder head 2 is reached, the cam 10 is at 45 Turned clockwise and reached an active position at the beginning of the intervention Engagement member 15 in the cam 10 and the cam claw 24 in the driving pin 15 according to Figure 5. The locking pin 14 is in its extended position. If the cam, preferably further rotated by another 90 degrees, is a End position of the cam 10 achieved according to Figure 6. At the transition, the driving pin slides 15 on the spiral surface 21, so that the driving pin 15 together with the Locking bolt 14 against the biasing force of the locking bolt 14 on the Rotary axis 9 of the cam 10 is pulled out.

The locking pin 14 is located in Figure 6 in its retracted position. Versus further rotation of the cam 10 abuts the driving pin 15, preferably in a 135 degree position of the cam 10 against an end stop 22 of the cam claw 24th

If the cam 10 is rotated from the end position counterclockwise, so the reverse process takes place, wherein the locking pin 14 due to the spring force pushed back into its extended position. Is the locking bolt not in direct overlap with the receptacle in the outer telescopic section, so the locking pin 14 moves at least not completely in his extended position. A lock between the inner and outer telescopic section does not come off. In this case, it makes sense that the cam 10 not reached their passive position, thus the locking pin 8 are not ejected can and the cylinder lock 5 is not disengaged from the inner telescopic section 18 device. The inner telescopic section 18 is thus not completely free. On the cam 10, a passive stop 23 is provided to which the driving pin 15th abuts when the cam 10 is in its active position at the start of engagement and the locking bolt 14 is not in its retracted position. This safety position is shown in FIG. Only when the two telescopic shots right to each other are positioned and the locking bolt the two telescopic shots accordingly Locked, the cam 10 and curve claw 24 can in the passive position moved and the locking pin 8 are pushed out.

In the following, the displacement of an inner telescopic section relative to a short is described briefly outer telescopic section described. The piston / cylinder unit is in a suitable Position moves in both the cylinder lock 5 and the release device can be operated effectively. Once the piston / cylinder unit in the appropriate position was moved and this position via appropriate monitoring devices, in particular the proximity sensors 6, is confirmed, the piston / cylinder unit by means of the cylinder lock 5 locked to the foot of the inner telescopic section 18. When the cylinder lock 5 is fully extended, it will pass through the interlock unit 12, the movement of the locking pin 8 released, so that the locking of the cam 10 is solved. By the operation of the rotary mechanism 7, the cam 10 is brought into engagement with the driving pin 15. A defined stroke of the locking bolt 14 is achieved by the design of the raceway or the spiral surface 21st the cam 10 and the position of the end stop 22nd

About the rotation lock 16 ensures that the locking pin 14 during its axial displacement movement always maintains a defined angular position and thus both the engagement of the cam 10 and the engagement of the locking bolt 14 takes place in the outer telescopic section in a defined position. Once the end stop 22 has been reached, can with the piston / cylinder unit of the inner telescopic section 18 are moved relative to the outer telescopic section. The cylinder head 2 is to via the cylinder lock 5 firmly connected to the inner telescopic section.

When the inner telescopic section has reached a suitable position, in which he again with the outer telescopic section can be locked, the cam 10 is back in moves the passive position. By the design of the raceway of the cam 10, or cam claw 10 in conjunction with the passive stop 23, it is ensured that the passive position can only be achieved, although the locking pin 14 its has reached extended position and thus in engagement with the outer telescopic section was brought. Only when the passive position of the cam 10 has been reached, can the locking pin 8 again brought into engagement with the cam 10 and an unintentional Turning the cam 10 can be prevented. After that, the Interlock unit 12, the cylinder lock released and thus the connection between Release the piston / cylinder unit and the inner telescopic section 18. All movements are preferably monitored by sensors and by an external controller controlled.

Claims (4)

1. A locking mechanism for telescoping sections, in particular for a mobile crane boom,

   a) comprising a locking bolt (14) which connects an inner telescoping section (18) to an outer telescoping section in an extended position and releases it in a retracted position, wherein

   b) the locking bolt (14) can be linearly shifted between its extended position and its retracted position, and

   c) the locking bolt (14) is mounted in a receiving location (13), and

   d) the locking bolt (14) is held biased in its extended position, and

   e) an emergency actuator is provided for shifting the locking cylinder (14) from its extended position into its retracted position,
   characterised in that

   f) the emergency actuator is integrated into the receiving location (13).
2. The locking mechanism as set forth in the preceding claim, characterised in that the emergency actuator comprises an actuating element (16), in particular a pin (16), which can be held in the receiving location (13) in various axial positions in the axial direction of the receiving location (13) and entrains the locking bolt (14) when the axial position is changed.
3. The locking mechanism as set forth in any one of claims 1 or 2, characterised in that the emergency actuator is simultaneously or exclusively a rotary block for the locking bolt (14).
4. The locking mechanism as set forth in claim 1, characterised in that the relative position of the telescoping sections (17, 18) is sensed by proximity sensors (6) which are directly integrated into the cylinder head (2).

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