EP0363575B1 - Pneumatic actuator with locking means in the end positions, especially for actuating smoke extractor flues - Google Patents

Pneumatic actuator with locking means in the end positions, especially for actuating smoke extractor flues Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0363575B1
EP0363575B1 EP89112178A EP89112178A EP0363575B1 EP 0363575 B1 EP0363575 B1 EP 0363575B1 EP 89112178 A EP89112178 A EP 89112178A EP 89112178 A EP89112178 A EP 89112178A EP 0363575 B1 EP0363575 B1 EP 0363575B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
locking
cylinder
piston
rod
piston rod
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP89112178A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0363575A1 (en
Inventor
Otto Grasl
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OTTO GRASL Firma
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OTTO GRASL Firma
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by OTTO GRASL Firma filed Critical OTTO GRASL Firma
Priority to YU152389A priority Critical patent/YU48225B/en
Priority to SI8911523A priority patent/SI8911523B/en
Priority to DK385289A priority patent/DK172502B1/en
Priority to HU894103A priority patent/HU214169B/en
Publication of EP0363575A1 publication Critical patent/EP0363575A1/en
Priority to HR930767A priority patent/HRP930767B1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0363575B1 publication Critical patent/EP0363575B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B15/00—Fluid-actuated devices for displacing a member from one position to another; Gearing associated therewith
    • F15B15/20—Other details, e.g. assembly with regulating devices
    • F15B15/26—Locking mechanisms
    • F15B15/261—Locking mechanisms using positive interengagement, e.g. balls and grooves, for locking in the end positions

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a compressed air cylinder of the type as a double-stroke cylinder for actuating smoke flaps in smoke and heat exhaust systems according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Compressed air cylinders of this type are used in smoke and heat extraction systems (abbreviated: RWA systems) to open smoke and heat extraction flaps automatically or remotely in the event of a fire, so that smoke can escape, which would otherwise make rescue difficult or impossible, and thus a central one Access for rescue is created.
  • RWA systems smoke and heat extraction systems
  • the build-up of heat build-up should be prevented by opening the heat and smoke flaps.
  • the compressed air cylinders used must meet high safety requirements.
  • the known double-stroke cylinders can have end position locks, which in particular are intended to ensure extensive burglar resistance.
  • the end position interlocks have to apply locking forces that are many times higher than the normal force of the compressed air cylinder.
  • the end position locking is carried out according to the state of the art by mechanically self-retaining elements.
  • an end position lock is provided in which a loaded pin or bolt or ball snaps into a groove. This constantly loaded locking element creates considerable abrasion, which limits the permissible number of switching operations.
  • the relatively long design of such a lock which thus negatively affects the overall height of the air cylinder, disrupts a higher one Space required and possibly limited the pivotability of the air cylinder.
  • a known double stroke cylinder of the type mentioned can lock a piston rod in a middle ventilation position between a ventilation and smoke extraction position and an opposite end position by locking (DE-A-2 906 819).
  • the piston rod which is led out of a cylinder housing at one end, has a locking groove at its inner end and at a rod part, which is opposite with respect to the working piston. This interacts with a releasable locking device, which is arranged at the end of the cylinder housing and can be pressurized with compressed gas to mechanically hold the piston rod in its retracted or most extended position.
  • the working piston is arranged on an inner end of the piston rod near the one locking groove, and in the piston rod part outside the other locking groove there is a third locking groove which is brought into locking engagement with the locking device can, which is arranged at the outlet end of the cylinder housing from which the piston rod exits.
  • the latter locking device has, in particular, a double piston with two pressure gas application surfaces lying one behind the other, the inner of which is connected to a low-pressure gas connection and the outer to a high-pressure gas connection.
  • the known double-stroke cylinder has a large overall length that limits the installation options. Since the third locking groove has to move through seals when the piston rod is displaced, sealing problems can occur.
  • the locking device, which interacts with the third locking groove is subject to additional wear.
  • the present invention is therefore based on the object of developing a double-stroke cylinder of the type mentioned at the outset so that it is low-wear and compact, in particular has a small overall length. Sealing problems should be avoided.
  • a compressed air cylinder designed as a double stroke cylinder according to the invention according to claim 1, with which a short design of the cylinder is realized with the lock and which is characterized by high wear resistance, has the features that coaxial to the piston rod and to this up to a stop on the
  • An additional locking rod is displaceably provided, which delimits a partial stroke of the piston rod and, in this partial lifting position, projects into an outer locking cylinder arranged on one of the locking pistons, in which an additional locking piston is slidably mounted and engages balls with a sleeve-like section in the partial lifting position engage annular groove in the additional locking rod and are otherwise radially movable, and which releases the radially outwardly movable balls when it is axially moved away from them, and that the additional locking piston via a pressure-controlled reversing valve when a predetermined pressure m it communicates with the closest adjacent cylinder space.
  • the releasable fixation of the piston rod in a partial stroke position can be combined with a likewise low-wear design of the end position lock according to claim 2.
  • External stop covers are used for the locking pistons, each of which has a hole. No stop cover is therefore designed to be closed. Through one of the stop covers the piston rod, which is surrounded in this area by one of the two locking pistons, is sufficient.
  • the additional locking rod which can be locked on the outside by an additional locking piston in the partial stroke position, is guided through the bore of the other stop cover and the other locking piston provided for locking the end position.
  • the additional locking piston with the elements interacting with it, in particular the balls, which can slide into a groove in the additional locking rod is constructed according to the same principle as the locking pistons for the end position locking.
  • the pressure-controlled reversing valve automatically pushes the additional locking piston into a position that overrides the partial stroke limitation when the controlling pressure of the medium, in particular the compressed air, exceeds a predetermined value for extending the piston rod.
  • This compressed air is supplied to the additional locking piston or the adjacent locking pressure chamber from the adjacent locking pressure chamber of the rear or lower locking piston in a short way.
  • the locking cylinder in which the additional locking piston is slidably arranged, is preferably located directly on the rear or lower locking piston.
  • the parts on the rear and front region of the double-stroke cylinder can be constructed identically and thus can be replaced. This applies in particular to the interchangeability of the cylinder head with the cylinder base.
  • a guide rod is slidably mounted in a bore in the piston rod, one end of which has a stop which limits the mutual displacement of the piston rod and the guide rod, and the other end of which is connected to the additional locking rod.
  • the piston rod can also be designed as a tube. Due to the centric displaceability a very short overall length of the cylinder can be achieved between the guide rod and the piston rod. The overall dimensions of the compressed air cylinder with end position locking are practically only increased by the dimensions of the partial stroke limitation and locking.
  • the double stroke cylinder can be designed both as a double tube cylinder and as a compressed air cylinder with only one tube.
  • the locking piston Due to the locking piston, which can be moved concentrically with the piston rod and the additional locking rod, a largely load-free locking of the radially movable balls can be achieved, which partially engage in a rounded groove of the piston rod or the locking rod.
  • the balls are reliably held in the grooves by the sleeve-like section of the locking piston, which engages around the balls. If, on the other hand, the locking piston is pushed back by the balls, which occurs automatically when the pressure medium is applied to the compressed air cylinder, the balls are exposed on one of the two grooves, so that they move radially outwards from the grooves when the piston rod or the locking rod moves can slide.
  • the balls can easily be returned to the groove by the self-displacing locking piston.
  • the end face of the locking piston is expediently provided with a chamfer.
  • the locking piston therefore moves automatically when the associated pressure chamber of the opposing cylinder is pressurized with the pressure medium, since a locking pressure chamber on one side of the locking piston is in a pressure-conducting connection to one of the two cylinder chambers. If, on the other hand, the pressure in this cylinder chamber is reduced, the locking piston moves back automatically into its locked position, for which purpose the locking piston is particularly loaded by a compression spring.
  • this compression spring does not work directly onto the balls, which engage in the groove of the piston rod or locking rod, but merely displaces the locking piston, which slides on the piston rod or locking rod with little wear and with its sleeve-like section over the balls.
  • Another significant advantage is that the arrangement, in particular of the locking piston in the locking pressure chamber concentric with the piston rod or locking rod, the sleeve-like section of the locking piston enclosing the balls, enables a compact, in particular short dimensioning of the compressed air cylinder without restricting the functionality is.
  • the radially movable balls, which are used for locking, are guided in particular in a ball sleeve according to claim 12.
  • radial guidance through the ball sleeve can be dispensed with if the balls lie against one another in the circumferential direction in the manner of a ring.
  • a larger number of relatively small balls can be used, which are not separated from one another by sections of the ball sleeve. Due to the large number of small balls, e.g. 10 balls and more, a particularly high locking force can be achieved in an uncomplicated manner when the balls rest in the groove.
  • the piston rod in which the piston rod merges into the locking rod on one side of the piston, the piston rod can be produced from a heavy-duty material, in particular V3A, while a lighter material, in particular an aluminum alloy, can be selected for the locking rod .
  • each of the two locking pistons protruding from the compressed air cylinder according to claim 7 enables - with a corresponding profile - an auxiliary manual unlocking.
  • an outer and an inner groove ring are expediently arranged in the locking piston, which is displaceable on the piston rod, which serve to seal the locking pressure chamber to the outside.
  • the compressed air cylinder is advantageously closed at each end by a stop cover, which forms at least one spring receiving space and a stop for the locking piston, each concentric with the piston rod or locking rod. This promotes the compact design of the air cylinder.
  • the section of the locking piston projecting from one of the stop covers has a bore in a manner known per se, through which the piston rod is displaceably guided.
  • the section of the additional locking piston projecting from the stop cover of the locking cylinder is closed.
  • a support part is particularly advantageously displaceably mounted, which is aligned with the locking bar and pressed against its end face by a spring.
  • the additional locking piston, the supporting part and the stop cover with the spring receiving space are arranged at least partially concentrically overlapping one another at one end of the locking cylinder.
  • the compressed air cylinder can have the two pressure medium connections for the two cylinder spaces - and associated bolt pressure spaces - in a plane aligned with one another at right angles to a main longitudinal direction of the compressed air cylinder on the cylinder head or the cylinder base.
  • the cylinder head and the cylinder base are interchangeable, which includes, among other things, the same bores for the piston rod and the locking rod, depending on the configuration of the cylinder head and the cylinder base, a suspension of the compressed air cylinder can be used the pressure medium connections is mounted, attack in the upper part or in the lower part of the cylinder, which is designed as a double tube cylinder.
  • the reversing valve includes a spring-loaded cup sleeve, which can establish a connection from a preset pressure between a pressure medium supply and a valve chamber, into which radial bores open.
  • the spring load in particular setting a preload, the limit value of the air pressure can be determined, from which the pressure medium supply to the valve chamber is switched on and the double-stroke cylinder moves into the fully extended end position - alarm position.
  • valve bore of the reversing valve is preferably conductively connected to the closest adjacent cylinder space pressure medium, and the radial bores lead to a locking pressure space in the outer locking cylinder.
  • the pressure-controlled reversing valve can be used simply and in a rational manner as a connecting valve with which elements actuated by pressure medium, in particular at least one lifting cylinder, are only actuated in a compressed air cylinder arrangement from a predetermined minimum pressure.
  • the additional valve is inserted into the pressure medium line to the lifting cylinder.
  • the connection valve comprises a pressure-controlled reversing valve and, in the present variant, expediently a connection plate attached to the reversing valve, to which the pressure medium line, interrupted by the connection valve, can be connected.
  • the connecting bores are directly connected to the radial bores of the reversing valve via connecting bores. The same type of valve can therefore be used for two different purposes, depending on how it is connected to the compressed air cylinder or a compressed air cylinder arrangement.
  • only one cylinder head 41 is equipped with aligned blind holes 61, 62 lying in one plane, each of which is used optionally for supplying compressed air and which are both used together to suspend the compressed air cylinder.
  • the cylinder head 41 and a cylinder base 42 are mutually interchangeable, so that either the suspension on the upper portion of the air cylinder or on its lower portion, depending on where the cylinder head 41 is attached.
  • the compressed air supply from the blind hole 61 to a first cylinder space 63 via a channel 64 and not shown game takes place on a piston rod 51.
  • the compressed air supply to the bolt pressure chamber 45 also takes place through the play of the piston rod 51.
  • the compressed air-conducting connection between the blind hole 62 and a bolt pressure chamber 92 at the right or lower end of the compressed air cylinder takes place via channels 47, 48 and a space between a cylinder tube 49 and a protective tube 50, which connect the cylinder head and the cylinder base with each other.
  • a second cylinder chamber 65 is in turn fed with compressed air via a play of a locking bar 70.
  • a piston 53 is, depending on which of the blind holes 61, 62 is pressurized with compressed air, moved forwards or upwards or backwards or downwards while simultaneously releasing the end lock on a locking piston 75 or on a front locking piston 43.
  • the piston rod can be moved by a relatively large stroke and locked in its end positions, but also by a defined smaller stroke, in that the piston rod is held by the pressure present.
  • the cylinder tube 49 and the protective tube 50 form in connection with the cylinder head 41 and the cylinder base 42 such long cylinder spaces 63, 65 that the piston 53 can be adjusted by the maximum stroke, in particular for actuating smoke flaps.
  • the piston 53 In the upper part of FIG. 1 above a main longitudinal axis 67, the piston 53 is shown in a left and upper position, in which the piston rod 51 is fully extended. In contrast, in the lower part of FIG. 1 below the main longitudinal axis 67, the piston 53 is in its right or lower end position, that of the retracted position of the piston rod 51 corresponds. 2, the piston 53 assumes an intermediate position corresponding to a partial stroke of the piston rod 51.
  • a guide rod 71 is mounted coaxially displaceably within a bore 68, see FIG. 2, and within a bore 69 within a locking rod 70 screwed to the piston rod in the region of the piston.
  • the latter is provided with a likewise slidable stop 72 - see FIG. 2 - which can come to rest on a tapered end face 73 of the locking rod 70 and forms a stop there.
  • an additional locking bar 74 of larger diameter is screwed onto the guide bar 71 and can be locked to limit the partial stroke.
  • the locking piston 75 is provided with an outwardly open extension 76, to which an outer locking cylinder 77 is attached.
  • An additional locking piston 78 is slidably mounted in the locking cylinder 77, which is supported on a stop cover 80 against a spring 79, which is only indicated.
  • the parts 77 - 80 are used in conjunction with the elements to be discussed to limit the stroke, ie to lock the piston rod during a partial stroke.
  • the additional locking piston 78 has in particular a sleeve-like section 81, under which balls 82 can be locked by engaging in an annular groove 83 in the additional locking rod 74. There is then a set of small balls lying in a ring around the circumference of the groove in the groove.
  • sets of smaller balls 84 and 85 without a ball sleeve are supported in the areas of the sleeve-like sections 86 and 87 so that they can be inserted into annular grooves 88, 89 in the locking bar 70 and the piston rod 89, respectively. So that the balls 82 and 84 cannot fall into the cavities released in an uncontrolled manner when the additional locking bar 74 or locking bar 70 is withdrawn, spring-loaded displaceable support parts 90, 91 are provided which support the balls in these cases.
  • connection between the blind hole 62 and a bolt pressure chamber 92 and the second cylinder chamber 65 is partially. described above.
  • the channel 94 leads to a reversing valve 95, which has a cup sleeve 96, which is on one side under the adjustable pressure of a spring sleeve 97 and itself can support on a valve seat 114.
  • a spring 98, a threaded pin 99 in a nut 100 are used to adjust the pressure. The threaded pin can be locked by a nut.
  • the setting of the prestress of the spring 98 determines the pressure from which the piston rod is pushed into the fully extended position in the blind hole 62 after the lock on the additional locking rod 74 is released.
  • the spring sleeve 97 releases a valve chamber 102 in which the pressure built up therein via the channel 94, a radial bore 103a and a valve bore 103 presses back the cup sleeve 96 against the spring force.
  • the compressed air can therefore flow through radial bores 104, 105 to reach the locking pressure chamber 93 and thus push the additional locking piston 78 back to the right or down, so that its sleeve-like section 81 releases the balls 82 which come out of the groove 83 can be pushed out when the piston 53 is pushed completely to the left or up to the fully extended position as a result of the pressure in the cylinder space 65.
  • This position is shown in the upper part of FIG. 1.
  • the balls 85 snap into the groove 89 of the piston rod in order to ensure a large locking force or holding force in the fully extended position.
  • the piston extends only by a partial stroke or a ventilation stroke.
  • a predetermined pressure level of e.g. Remains 5 bar the pressure in the valve bore 103 is not sufficient to lift the cup sleeve 96 and to establish the connection to the radial bores 104, 105 via the valve chamber 102.
  • This leakage protection prevents the balls 82 from being inadvertently released by moving the additional locking piston 78 if the reversing valve is dirty or worn.
  • the additional locking bar 74 thus remains in the locked right or lower position.
  • the piston 53 can therefore only move upwards until the stop 72 comes to bear against the end face 73 of the locking rod 70 in the piston rod 51 and holds the piston rod in this position.
  • the balls 85 are released from the groove 89 in the piston rod from the previous return of the piston, which is discussed in connection with the lower part of FIG. 1.
  • one of the two blind holes 61, 62 is pressurized with compressed air of a pressure, which is not critical in this case. Reference is made specifically to the lower part in FIG. 1.
  • the blind hole 61 is pressurized, which propagates along the piston rod into the bolt pressure chamber 45 and into the first cylinder chamber 63.
  • the piston rod 53 is shifted to the right or down as far as it will go against the cylinder base 42.
  • the balls 84 come into the annular groove 88 of the locking bar 70 and are held there by the sleeve-like section 86 which is pushed over them by spring force.
  • the guide rod 71 and the additional locking rod 74 are moved to the right or downward into the end position via the stop 72, which abuts the end of the bore 68 in the piston rod, which they assume for limiting the stroke or for setting a partial stroke.
  • the balls 82 fall into the groove 83 in the additional locking bar and are held in this position by the additional locking piston 78 pushed to the left or up under spring force.
  • the reset can take place both from the fully extended position in the upper part of FIG. 1, as described above, and from the partial stroke position in FIG. 2, the balls 85 need not be unlocked, since they have not fallen into the groove 89 of the piston rod here.
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 show the same stroke positions as in FIGS. 1 and 2, but for a compressed air cylinder that has only one cylinder tube 9.
  • the piston rod 106 is in turn provided with a bore 107 for mounting a stop 108 on a guide rod 109.
  • the guide rod is screwed at its opposite end into an additional locking rod 110, which extends through the locking piston 112 provided with an extension 111 into an outer locking cylinder 113.
  • the outer locking cylinder 113 with the parts mounted in it, including an attached reversing valve 95, is constructed in the same way as the outer locking cylinder 77 with the reversing valve 95, so that there is no need to repeat the description.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 Different from the embodiment in FIGS. 1 and 2, in the embodiment according to FIGS.
  • the cylinder head 1 and the cylinder base 2 are provided between a blind hole 27 in the cylinder head 1 and a cylinder space 9a and a bolt pressure space 22.
  • connection channels between a blind hole 30 in a cylinder base and a second cylinder pressure chamber 9b on the one hand and a bolt pressure chamber 23.
  • the bolt pressure chamber 23 is in turn connected via a channel 94 to the bolt pressure chamber 93 of the additional bolt piston 78.
  • the partial stroke locking in all the embodiments according to FIGS. 1-4 can be easily released by pulling out the additional locking piston 78.
  • the rear locking piston 112 can also be easily pulled out together with the outer locking cylinder 113 to release the partial stroke position by inserting a tool into the blind hole 115.
  • the pressure medium-operated reversing valve 95 can also be used as a connecting valve, in particular of compressed air cylinders, which are designed as single-stroke cylinders, in a line of a pressure medium-operated arrangement for smoke flap actuation.
  • the reversing valve 95 is provided with a connecting plate 116, see FIGS. 5 and 6.
  • the entirety of the reversing valve 95 and the connecting plate 116 is regarded as a connecting valve.
  • the structure and principle of operation of the pressure-operated reversing valve are the same as described above.
  • the reference numerals of the individual elements of the reversing valve have therefore been retained in FIGS. 5 and 6.
  • connection plate 116 is approximately cuboid with at least one flat side 117 which bears tightly on a likewise flat side 118 of the reversing valve. These two elements are held together by Allen screws, not shown, which extend through bores 119, 120 in the connecting plate and are screwed into threaded holes in the reversing valve.
  • Mounting holes for mounting the sequence valve are designated 121, 122.
  • a first connection bore 123 into which a first connection bore 124 projects transversely, is used to connect a first line which is under the controlled pressure of a pressure medium. This passes into the radial bore 103a of the reversing valve attached.
  • a second connection bore 125 for connecting an outgoing, second line is connected via a tapered bore section 126 to a cross bore 127, from which - at right angles to the second connection bore and to the cross bore - a second connection bore and a third connection bore 128, 129 extend.
  • the second and the third connecting bores merge into the radial bores 104 and 105 of the reversing valve mounted.
  • the cross hole is closed by a threaded pin 130.
  • connection valve 95, 116 constructed in this way is acted upon, this creates a pressure medium-conducting connection between the first connection bore 124 and the second connection bore 125: If the pressure in the first pressure medium connection (connection bore) 123 does not reach a predetermined minimum value, the cup sleeve 96 is pressed onto the valve seat 114 in the rest position shown in FIG. 5 under the action of the spring sleeve 97 and the spring 98. As a result, a pressure medium-conducting connection between the first connection bore and the second connection bore is interrupted.
  • the pressure at the second connection bore 125 can be compensated for via the third connection bore 129, the radial bore 105 along the outside of the spring sleeve 97 to the outside.
  • the pressure at the first connection bore 123 is so high that the cup sleeve 96 lifts off the valve seat 114 against the force of the spring 98, there is a pressure-medium-conducting connection between the first connection bore via the first connection bore 124, the radial bore 103a , the valve bore 103, the valve chamber 102, the radial bores 104, 105, which, like the adjoining connection bores 128, 129, are parallel, via the transverse bore 127 to the second connection bore 125.
  • a compressed air cylinder with end position lock 113 and a double stroke cylinder 132 are provided for actuating one smoke and one heat exhaust flap 133 and 134, respectively.
  • a pressure-controlled reversing valve 135, as described above, is integrated with the double-stroke cylinder 132.
  • the compressed air cylinder arrangement also includes a manual control valve 136, the one output of which is connected via lines 137, 138, 139 to unspecified inputs or blind holes of the compressed air cylinder with end position lock 131 and the double-stroke cylinder 132 in order to close the smoke and heat exhaust flaps in the closed position drive.
  • a pressure medium line consisting of sections 143, 144, in which a connecting valve 145 is switched on, is branched off from a connection point 142.
  • the connection valve is again pressure controlled.
  • the pressure medium line consisting of the sections 143, 144, leads to a compressed air supply or a blind hole of the cylinder 131.
  • the double-stroke cylinder 132 drives the smoke - And heat flap 134 in a first open position, since the reversing valve 135 prevents another stroke. Since in this pressure range the pressure-controlled connection valve interrupts the pressure medium line, consisting of sections 143, 144, the smoke and heat exhaust flap 133 is not actuated. - Only in the event of an alarm, when the pressure on the manual control valve exceeds a predetermined pressure, the connection valve 145 transfers this pressure into the section 144 of the pressure medium line and from there into the compressed air cylinder with end position lock 131, which thus the smoke and heat vent valve 133 in the open alarm position pivots. In addition, the reversing valve 135 on the double-stroke cylinder 132 releases the further alarm stroke of the double-stroke cylinder, which opens the smoke and heat vent flap 134 accordingly.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Actuator (AREA)
  • Lock And Its Accessories (AREA)
  • Safety Valves (AREA)
  • Fire-Extinguishing By Fire Departments, And Fire-Extinguishing Equipment And Control Thereof (AREA)
  • Respiratory Apparatuses And Protective Means (AREA)
  • Mechanical Operated Clutches (AREA)
  • Hydraulic Clutches, Magnetic Clutches, Fluid Clutches, And Fluid Joints (AREA)
  • Preventing Unauthorised Actuation Of Valves (AREA)
  • Multiple-Way Valves (AREA)

Abstract

In a pneumatic actuator with locking means in end positions, especially for actuating smoke extractor flues in smoke and heat extracting installations, a double-ended piston (9) can be displaced by a pressure medium in a mating cylinder with two cylinder chambers (9a, 9b). For the purpose of reliable locking of the end positions, on both sides outside the closed cylinder chambers (9a, 9b) and in each case adjacent to one of said cylinder chambers a locking piston (3 or 4) can in each case be displaced concentrically with the piston rod (10), which locking piston is connected to the adjacent cylinder chamber (9a or 9b) in a manner conducting pressure medium. Each locking piston (3 or 4) has a sleeve-like section (e.g. 4a) which in one locking position embraces radially guided balls (ii). In this arrangement, the balls partially engage in an annular groove (e.g. 10a) connected to the piston rod (10). The sleeve-like section releases the balls radially outwards when it is moved away axially from them. In one embodiment of the pneumatic actuator, this locking device can be supplemented as a double-stroke cylinder by means of an additional locking rod on the piston rod and a pressure-controlled reversing valve, which actuates an additional locking piston co-operating with the additional locking rod. <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Druckluftzylinder der Bauart als Doppelhubzylinder zur Betätigung von Rauchabzugsklappen in Rauch- und Wärmeabzugsanlagen nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a compressed air cylinder of the type as a double-stroke cylinder for actuating smoke flaps in smoke and heat exhaust systems according to the preamble of claim 1.

Derartige Druckluftzylinder werden in Rauch- und Wärmeabzugsanlagen (abgekürzt: RWA-Anlagen) eingesetzt, um im Falle eines Brandes Rauch- und Wärmeabzugsklappen selbsttätig oder ferngesteuert zu öffnen, damit entstehender Rauch abziehen kann, der sonst eine Rettung erschwert oder verhindert, und damit ein zentraler Zugang für die Rettung geschaffen wird. Außerdem soll durch das Öffnen der Wärme- und Rauchabzugsklappen die Bildung von Stauhitzen verhindert werden. Die eingesetzten Druckluftzylinder müssen hohen Sicherheitsanforderungen genügen.Compressed air cylinders of this type are used in smoke and heat extraction systems (abbreviated: RWA systems) to open smoke and heat extraction flaps automatically or remotely in the event of a fire, so that smoke can escape, which would otherwise make rescue difficult or impossible, and thus a central one Access for rescue is created. In addition, the build-up of heat build-up should be prevented by opening the heat and smoke flaps. The compressed air cylinders used must meet high safety requirements.

Die bekannten Doppelhubzylinder können Endlageverriegelungen aufweisen, welche insbesondere eine weitgehende Einbruchsicherheit gewährleisten sollen. Die Endlageverriegelungen haben Riegelkräfte aufzubringen, die ein Vielfaches gegenüber der normalen Arbeitskraft der Druckluftzylinder betragen. Die Endlageverriegelung erfolgt nach dem Stand der Technik durch mechanisch-selbsthaltende Elemente. Bei einem bekannten Druckluftzylinder ist eine Endlageverriegelung vorgesehen, bei der ein belasteter Stift oder Bolzen oder Kugeln in eine Nut einschnappen. Durch dieses ständig belastete Verriegelungselement entsteht ein erheblicher Abrieb, der die zulässige Schaltzahl begrenzt. Außerdem stört die verhältnismäßig lange Bauweise einer solchen Verriegelung, die somit die Gesamthöhe des Druckluftzylinders negativ beeinflußt, einen höheren Raumbedarf verursacht und eventuell die Schwenkbarkeit des Druckluftzylinders beschränkt.The known double-stroke cylinders can have end position locks, which in particular are intended to ensure extensive burglar resistance. The end position interlocks have to apply locking forces that are many times higher than the normal force of the compressed air cylinder. The end position locking is carried out according to the state of the art by mechanically self-retaining elements. In a known compressed air cylinder, an end position lock is provided in which a loaded pin or bolt or ball snaps into a groove. This constantly loaded locking element creates considerable abrasion, which limits the permissible number of switching operations. In addition, the relatively long design of such a lock, which thus negatively affects the overall height of the air cylinder, disrupts a higher one Space required and possibly limited the pivotability of the air cylinder.

Ein bekannter Doppelhubzylinder der eingangs genannten Gattung kann eine Kolbenstange in einer mittleren Lüftungsstellung zwischen einer Lüftungs- und Rauchabzugsstellung und einer entgegengesetzten Endstellung durch Verriegelung arretieren (DE-A-2 906 819). Die an einem Ende aus einem Zylindergehäuse herausgeführte Kolbenstange weist an ihrem inneren Ende und an einem Stangenteil, welches bezüglich des Arbeitskolbens gegenüberliegt, je eine Verriegelungsnut auf. Diese wirkt mit je einer lösbaren Verriegelungseinrichtung zusammen, die jeweils am Ende des Zylindergehäuses angeordnet ist und mit Druckgas beaufschlagt werden kann, um die Kolbenstange in ihrer eingefahrenen oder weitest ausgefahrenen Stellung mechanisch zu halten. Um die Kolbenstange auch in der mittleren Lüftungsstellung arretieren zu können, ist der Arbeitskolben an einem inneren Ende der Kolbenstange nahe der einen Verriegelungsnut angeordnet, und in dem Kolbenstangenteil außerhalb der anderen Verriegelungsnut ist eine dritte Verriegelungsnut vorgesehen, die mit der Verriegelungseinrichtung in verriegelnden Eingriff gebracht werden kann, die am Austrittsende des Zylindergehäuses, aus dem die Kolbenstange austritt, angeordnet ist. Letztere Verriegelungseinrichtung weist insbesondere einen Doppelkolben mit zwei hintereinanderliegenden Druckgasbeaufschlagungsflächen auf, von denen die innere mit einem Niederdruckgasanschluß und die äußere mit einem Hochdruckgasanschluß in Verbindung steht. Infolge des Doppelkolbens hat der bekannte Doppelhubzylinder eine große, die Einbaumöglichkeiten limitierende Baulänge. Da die dritte Verriegelungsnut bei Verschiebung der Kolbenstange Dichtungen durchfahren muß, können Dichtungsprobleme auftreten. Zusätzlichem Verschleiß unterliegt die Verriegelungseinrichtung, die mit der dritten Verriegelungsnut zusammenwirkt.A known double stroke cylinder of the type mentioned can lock a piston rod in a middle ventilation position between a ventilation and smoke extraction position and an opposite end position by locking (DE-A-2 906 819). The piston rod, which is led out of a cylinder housing at one end, has a locking groove at its inner end and at a rod part, which is opposite with respect to the working piston. This interacts with a releasable locking device, which is arranged at the end of the cylinder housing and can be pressurized with compressed gas to mechanically hold the piston rod in its retracted or most extended position. In order to be able to lock the piston rod also in the middle ventilation position, the working piston is arranged on an inner end of the piston rod near the one locking groove, and in the piston rod part outside the other locking groove there is a third locking groove which is brought into locking engagement with the locking device can, which is arranged at the outlet end of the cylinder housing from which the piston rod exits. The latter locking device has, in particular, a double piston with two pressure gas application surfaces lying one behind the other, the inner of which is connected to a low-pressure gas connection and the outer to a high-pressure gas connection. As a result of the double piston, the known double-stroke cylinder has a large overall length that limits the installation options. Since the third locking groove has to move through seals when the piston rod is displaced, sealing problems can occur. The locking device, which interacts with the third locking groove, is subject to additional wear.

Der vorliegende Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Doppelhubzylinder der eingangs genannten Gattung so weiterzubilden, daß er verschleißarm und kompakt ist, insbesondere eine geringe Gesamtbaulänge aufweist. Dichtprobleme sollen dabei vermieden werden.The present invention is therefore based on the object of developing a double-stroke cylinder of the type mentioned at the outset so that it is low-wear and compact, in particular has a small overall length. Sealing problems should be avoided.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch die Ausbildung des Druckluftzylinders mit den in dem kennzeichnenden Teil des Anspruchs 1 angegebenen Merkmalen gelöst.This object is achieved by the formation of the compressed air cylinder with the features specified in the characterizing part of claim 1.

Ein als Doppelhubzylinder ausgebildeter Druckluftzylinder gemäß der Erfindung nach Anspruch 1, mit dem eine kurze Bauform des Zylinders mit der Verriegelung realisiert wird und der sich durch hohe Verschleißfreiheit auszeichnet, hat die Merkmale, daß koaxial zu der Kolbenstange und zu dieser bis zu einem Anschlag an der Kolbenstange verschiebbar eine Zusatzriegelstange vorgesehen ist, die einen Teilhub der Kolbenstange begrenzt und in dieser Teilhubstellung in einen äußeren, an einen der Riegelkolben angeordneten Riegelzylinder ragt, in dem ein Zusatzriegelkolben verschiebbar gelagert ist, der mit einem hülsenartigen Abschnitt in Teilhubstellung Kugeln umgreift, die in eine ringförmige Nut in der Zusatzriegelstange eingreifen und sonst radial beweglich sind, und der die radial nach außen beweglichen Kugeln freigibt, wenn er von diesen axial weggerückt ist, und daß der Zusatzriegelkolben über ein druckgesteuertes Umsteuerventil bei Überschreiten eines vorbestimmten Drucks mit dem am nächsten benachbarten Zylinderraum in Verbindung steht.A compressed air cylinder designed as a double stroke cylinder according to the invention according to claim 1, with which a short design of the cylinder is realized with the lock and which is characterized by high wear resistance, has the features that coaxial to the piston rod and to this up to a stop on the An additional locking rod is displaceably provided, which delimits a partial stroke of the piston rod and, in this partial lifting position, projects into an outer locking cylinder arranged on one of the locking pistons, in which an additional locking piston is slidably mounted and engages balls with a sleeve-like section in the partial lifting position engage annular groove in the additional locking rod and are otherwise radially movable, and which releases the radially outwardly movable balls when it is axially moved away from them, and that the additional locking piston via a pressure-controlled reversing valve when a predetermined pressure m it communicates with the closest adjacent cylinder space.

Die lösbare Fixierung der Kolbenstange in einer Teilhubstellung kann mit einer ebenfalls verschleißarmen Bauweise der Endlagenverriegelung nach Anspruch 2 kombiniert sein. Dabei werden äußere Anschlagdeckel für die Riegelkolben benutzt, die jeweils eine Bohrung aufweisen. Es ist also kein Anschlagdeckel geschlossen ausgebildet. Durch einen der Anschlagdeckel reicht wie bisher die Kolbenstange, die in diesem Bereich von einem der beiden Riegelkolben umgeben ist. Durch die Bohrung des anderen Anschlagdeckels und den anderen zur Enlagenverriegelung vorgeshenen Riegelkolben ist die Zusatzriegelstange geführt, die auf der Außenseite durch einen Zusatzriegelkolben in der Teilhubstellung arretierbar ist. Der Zusatzriegelkolben mit den mit ihm zusammenwirkenden Elementen, insbesondere den Kugeln, die in eine Nut in der Zusatzriegelstange hineingleiten können, ist nach dem gleichen Prinzip wie die Riegelkolben für die Enlagenverriegelung aufgebaut. Durch das druckgesteuerte Umsteuerventil wird der Zusatzriegelkolben selbsttätig dann in eine die Teilhubbegrenzung aufhebende Stellung geschoben, wenn der steuernde Druck des Mediums, insbesondere der Druckluft, für das Ausfahren der Kolbenstange einen voragegebenen Wert überschreitet. Diese Druckluft wird dem Zusatzriegelkolben bzw. dem angrenzenden Riegeldruckraum aus dem benachbarten Riegeldruckraum des hinteren oder unteren Riegelkolbens auf einem kurzen Weg zugeführt. Der Riegelzylinder, in dem der Zusatzriegelkolben verschiebbar angeordnet ist, befindet sich vorzugsweise direkt an dem hinteren bzw. unteren Riegelkolben. Abgesehen von einer hierzu zweckmäßigen verlängerten Ausführung des hinteren Riegelkolbens können die Teile an dem hinteren und vorderen Bereich des Doppelhubzylinders baugleich und somit austauschbar ausgebildet sein. Dies gilt insbesondere für die Austauschbarkeit des Zylinderkopfes mit dem Zylinderboden.The releasable fixation of the piston rod in a partial stroke position can be combined with a likewise low-wear design of the end position lock according to claim 2. External stop covers are used for the locking pistons, each of which has a hole. No stop cover is therefore designed to be closed. Through one of the stop covers the piston rod, which is surrounded in this area by one of the two locking pistons, is sufficient. The additional locking rod, which can be locked on the outside by an additional locking piston in the partial stroke position, is guided through the bore of the other stop cover and the other locking piston provided for locking the end position. The additional locking piston with the elements interacting with it, in particular the balls, which can slide into a groove in the additional locking rod, is constructed according to the same principle as the locking pistons for the end position locking. The pressure-controlled reversing valve automatically pushes the additional locking piston into a position that overrides the partial stroke limitation when the controlling pressure of the medium, in particular the compressed air, exceeds a predetermined value for extending the piston rod. This compressed air is supplied to the additional locking piston or the adjacent locking pressure chamber from the adjacent locking pressure chamber of the rear or lower locking piston in a short way. The locking cylinder, in which the additional locking piston is slidably arranged, is preferably located directly on the rear or lower locking piston. Apart from an expedient design of the rear locking piston which is expedient for this purpose, the parts on the rear and front region of the double-stroke cylinder can be constructed identically and thus can be replaced. This applies in particular to the interchangeability of the cylinder head with the cylinder base.

Besonders zweckmäßig ist bei dem Doppelhubzylinder nach Anspruch 3 in einer Bohrung in der Kolbenstange eine Führungsstange verschiebbar gelagert, deren eines Ende einen Anschlag aufweist, der die gegenseitige Verschiebbarkeit der Kolbenstange und der Führungsstange begrenzt, und dessen anderes Ende mit der Zusatzriegelstange verbunden ist. Statt der Bohrung in einer massiven Kolbenstange kann die Kolbenstange auch als Rohr ausgeführt sein. Durch die zentrische Verschiebbarkeit der Führungsstange und der Kolbenstange ineinander kann eine sehr kurze Baulänge des Zylinders erzielt werden. Die Gesamtabmessung des Druckluftzylinders mit Endelageverriegelung sind praktisch nur um die Maße der Teilhubbegrenzung und -verriegelung vergrößert.Particularly useful in the double-stroke cylinder according to claim 3, a guide rod is slidably mounted in a bore in the piston rod, one end of which has a stop which limits the mutual displacement of the piston rod and the guide rod, and the other end of which is connected to the additional locking rod. Instead of the bore in a solid piston rod, the piston rod can also be designed as a tube. Due to the centric displaceability a very short overall length of the cylinder can be achieved between the guide rod and the piston rod. The overall dimensions of the compressed air cylinder with end position locking are practically only increased by the dimensions of the partial stroke limitation and locking.

Der Doppelhubzylinder kann sowohl als Doppelrohrzylinder als auch als Druckluftzylinder mit nur einem Rohr ausgebildet sein.The double stroke cylinder can be designed both as a double tube cylinder and as a compressed air cylinder with only one tube.

Durch den konzentrisch zu der Kolbenstange und der Zusatzriegelstange verschiebbare Riegelkolben nach Anspruch 2 kann eine weitgehend lastfreie Verriegelung der radial beweglichen Kugeln erreicht werden, die partiell in eine abgerundete Nut der Kolbenstange bzw. der Riegelstange eingreifen. In der verriegelten Lage werden die Kugeln zuverlässig in den Nuten durch den hülsenartigen Abschnitt der Riegelkolben gehalten, der die Kugeln umgreift. Wenn hingegen der Riegelkolben von den Kugeln zurückgeschoben ist, was selbsttätig bei der Beaufschlagung des Druckluftzylinders mit dem Druckmittel erfolgt, liegen die Kugeln an einer der beiden Nuten frei, so daß sie bei einer Bewegung der Kolbenstange bzw. der Riegelstange aus den Nuten radial nach außen gleiten können. Wenn die Kolbenstange bzw. die Verriegelungsstange in eine Endlage gerät, können die Kugeln wieder leicht in die Nut durch den selbsttätig verschobenen Riegelkolben zurückgeführt werden. Hierzu ist die Stirnseite des Riegelkolbens zweckmäßig mit einer Anphasung versehen. Die Bewegung des Riegelkolbens erfolgt also selbsttätig, wenn der zugehörige Druckraum des Gegenzylinders mit dem Druckmittel beaufschlagt wird, da ein Riegeldruckraum auf einer Seite des Riegelkolbens mit einem der beiden Zylinderräume in druckleitender Verbindung steht. Wenn hingegen der Druck in diesem Zylinderraum abgebaut wird, folgt eine selbsttätige Rückbewegung des Riegelkolbens in seine verriegelte Stellung, wozu der Riegelkolben insbesondere durch eine Druckfeder belastet ist. Diese Druckfeder wirkt jedoch nicht unmittelbar auf die Kugeln ein, die in die Nut der Kolbenstange bzw. Riegelstange eingreifen, sondern verschiebt lediglich den Riegelkolben, der verschleißarm auf der Kolbenstange bzw. der Riegelstange und mit seinem hüsenartigen Abschnitt über die Kugeln gleitet.Due to the locking piston, which can be moved concentrically with the piston rod and the additional locking rod, a largely load-free locking of the radially movable balls can be achieved, which partially engage in a rounded groove of the piston rod or the locking rod. In the locked position, the balls are reliably held in the grooves by the sleeve-like section of the locking piston, which engages around the balls. If, on the other hand, the locking piston is pushed back by the balls, which occurs automatically when the pressure medium is applied to the compressed air cylinder, the balls are exposed on one of the two grooves, so that they move radially outwards from the grooves when the piston rod or the locking rod moves can slide. When the piston rod or the locking rod comes into an end position, the balls can easily be returned to the groove by the self-displacing locking piston. For this purpose, the end face of the locking piston is expediently provided with a chamfer. The locking piston therefore moves automatically when the associated pressure chamber of the opposing cylinder is pressurized with the pressure medium, since a locking pressure chamber on one side of the locking piston is in a pressure-conducting connection to one of the two cylinder chambers. If, on the other hand, the pressure in this cylinder chamber is reduced, the locking piston moves back automatically into its locked position, for which purpose the locking piston is particularly loaded by a compression spring. However, this compression spring does not work directly onto the balls, which engage in the groove of the piston rod or locking rod, but merely displaces the locking piston, which slides on the piston rod or locking rod with little wear and with its sleeve-like section over the balls.

Aufgrund der praktisch lastfreien Ver- und Entriegelung der Verriegelungselemente unterliegen diese keinem nennenswerten Verschleiß, so daß die Werkstoffe, aus denen diese Elemente hergestellt werden, weitgehend frei gewählt werden können. So ist eine Ausbildung aus Metallen, beispielsweise Messing, oder aber Kunststoff möglich. Durch den Einsatz besonders widerstandsfähiger Werkstoffe kann allerdings die zulässige Schaltzahl noch erhöht werden.Due to the practically load-free locking and unlocking of the locking elements, these are not subject to any significant wear, so that the materials from which these elements are made can largely be freely selected. So training from metals, such as brass, or plastic is possible. However, the permissible number of switching operations can be increased by using particularly resistant materials.

Ein weiterer wesentlicher Vorteil besteht darin, daß durch die Anordnung, insbesondere des Riegelkolbens in dem Riegeldruckraum konzentrisch zu der Kolbenstange bzw. der Riegelstange, wobei der hülsenartige Abschnitt des Riegelkolbens die Kugeln umschließt, eine kompakte, insbesondere kurze Dimensionierung des Druckluftzylinders ohne Einschränkung der Funktionstüchtigkeit möglich ist.Another significant advantage is that the arrangement, in particular of the locking piston in the locking pressure chamber concentric with the piston rod or locking rod, the sleeve-like section of the locking piston enclosing the balls, enables a compact, in particular short dimensioning of the compressed air cylinder without restricting the functionality is.

Es bereitet keine Schwierigkeiten, den Druckluftzylinder in rationeller Weise mit verschiedenen Baulängen und Durchmessern zu fertigen. Bei kurzen Gesamtbaulängen steht für die Montage und den Betrieb des Druckluftzylinders auch bei senkrechtem Einbau eine größere nutzbare Raumhöhe zur Verfügung. Außerdem ergibt sich aus der kurzen Bauweise eine Materialersparnis bei der Herstellung.There are no difficulties in producing the compressed air cylinder in a rational manner with different lengths and diameters. With short overall lengths, a larger usable room height is available for the assembly and operation of the compressed air cylinder, even when installed vertically. In addition, the short design results in material savings in manufacture.

Die radial beweglichen Kugeln, die zur Verriegelung dienen, sind insbesondere in eine Kugelhülse nach Anspruch 12 geführt.The radially movable balls, which are used for locking, are guided in particular in a ball sleeve according to claim 12.

In vorteilhafte Alternative kann jedoch auf eine radiale Führung durch die Kugelhülse verzichtet werden, wenn die Kugeln gemäß Anspruch 4 kranzförmig in Umfangsrichtung aneinanderliegen. In diesem Fall kann eine größere Anzahl verhältnismäßig kleiner Kugeln eingesetzt werden, die nicht durch Abschnitte der Kugelhülse voneinander getrennt sind. Durch die Vielzahl der kleinen Kugeln, z.B. 10 Kugeln und mehr, kann eine besonders hohe Riegelkraft in unkomplizierter Weise bei gelichmäßiger Anlage der Kugeln in der Nut erreicht werden.In an advantageous alternative, however, radial guidance through the ball sleeve can be dispensed with if the balls lie against one another in the circumferential direction in the manner of a ring. In this case, a larger number of relatively small balls can be used, which are not separated from one another by sections of the ball sleeve. Due to the large number of small balls, e.g. 10 balls and more, a particularly high locking force can be achieved in an uncomplicated manner when the balls rest in the groove.

Bei der Ausbildung nach Anspruch 5, bei der die Kolbenstange auf einer Seite des Kolbens in die Riegelstange übergeht, kann die Kolbenstange aus einem hochbelastbaren Werkstoff, insbesondere V3A, hergestellt werden, während für die Riegelstange ein leichterer Werkstoff, insbesondere eine Aluminiumlegierung, gewählt werden kann.In the embodiment according to claim 5, in which the piston rod merges into the locking rod on one side of the piston, the piston rod can be produced from a heavy-duty material, in particular V3A, while a lighter material, in particular an aluminum alloy, can be selected for the locking rod .

Der nach Anspruch 7 aus dem Druckluftzylinder herausragende Abschnitt jedes der beiden Riegelkolben ermöglicht - mit einem entsprechenden Profil versehen - eine hilfsweise manuelle Entriegelung.The section of each of the two locking pistons protruding from the compressed air cylinder according to claim 7 enables - with a corresponding profile - an auxiliary manual unlocking.

Nach Anspruch 8 ist in dem Riegelkolben, der auf der Kolbenstange verschiebbar ist, zweckmäßig ein äußerer und ein innerer Nutring angeordnet, die zur Abdichtung des Riegeldruckraums nach außen dienen.According to claim 8, an outer and an inner groove ring are expediently arranged in the locking piston, which is displaceable on the piston rod, which serve to seal the locking pressure chamber to the outside.

Nach Anspruch 9 ist der Druckluftzylinder vorteilhaft an jedem Ende durch einen Anschlagdeckel abgeschlossen, der wenigstens einen Federaufnahmeraum und einen Anschlag für den Riegelkolben jeweils konzentrisch zu der Kolbenstange bzw. Riegelstange bildet. Hiermit wird die kompakte Bauweise des Druckluftzylinders gefördert.According to claim 9, the compressed air cylinder is advantageously closed at each end by a stop cover, which forms at least one spring receiving space and a stop for the locking piston, each concentric with the piston rod or locking rod. This promotes the compact design of the air cylinder.

Nach Anspruch 10 weist der aus einem der Anschlagdeckel herausragende Abschnitt des Riegelkolbens in an sich bekannter Weise eine Bohrung auf, durch welche die Kolbenstange verschiebbar geführt ist.According to claim 10, the section of the locking piston projecting from one of the stop covers has a bore in a manner known per se, through which the piston rod is displaceably guided.

Nach Anspruch 11 ist der aus dem Anschlagdeckel des Riegelzylinders herausragende Abschnitt des Zusatzriegelkolbens geschlossen. In diesem Abschnitt ist besonders vorteilhaft ein Stützteil verschiebbar gelagert, welches mit der Riegelstange fluchtet und mit einer Feder gegen deren Stirnseite gedrückt ist. Mit diesem raumsparend angeordneten Stützteil wird erreicht, daß in dem Fall, in dem die Riegelstange von den Kugeln weggeschoben ist, diese nicht in den dadurch sonst entstehenden Leerraum hineinfallen können, sondern auf dem Stützteil liegen.According to claim 11, the section of the additional locking piston projecting from the stop cover of the locking cylinder is closed. In this section, a support part is particularly advantageously displaceably mounted, which is aligned with the locking bar and pressed against its end face by a spring. With this space-savingly arranged support part it is achieved that, in the case in which the locking bar is pushed away from the balls, they cannot fall into the otherwise resulting empty space, but lie on the support part.

Für eine besonders kompakte Ausbildung des Druckluftzylinders sind nach Anspruch 13 der Zusatzriegelkolben, das Stützteil und der Anschlagdeckel mit dem Federaufnahmeraum an einem Ende des Riegelzylinders zumindest teilweise einander übergreifend konzentrisch angeordnet.For a particularly compact design of the compressed air cylinder, the additional locking piston, the supporting part and the stop cover with the spring receiving space are arranged at least partially concentrically overlapping one another at one end of the locking cylinder.

Der Druckluftzylinder kann nach Anspruch 14 die beiden Druckmittelanschlüsse für die beiden Zylinderräume - und zugeordneten Riegeldruckräume - in einer Ebene miteinander fluchtend rechtwinklig zu einer Hauptlängsrichtung des Druckluftzylinders an dem Zylinderkopf oder aber dem Zylinderboden aufweisen. Wenn dazu nach dem weiteren Merkmal des Anspruchs 14 der Zylinderkopf und der Zylinderboden gegeneinander austauschbar sind, wozu unter anderem gleiche Bohrungen für die Kolbenstange bzw. die Riegelstange gehören, so kann je nach der Konfiguration des Zylinderkopfs und des Zylinderbodens eine Aufhängung des Druckluftzylinders, die an den Druckmittelanschlüssen gelagert ist, im oberen Teil oder im unteren Teil des Zylinders, der als Doppelrohrzylinder ausgebildet ist, angreifen.According to claim 14, the compressed air cylinder can have the two pressure medium connections for the two cylinder spaces - and associated bolt pressure spaces - in a plane aligned with one another at right angles to a main longitudinal direction of the compressed air cylinder on the cylinder head or the cylinder base. If, according to the further feature of claim 14, the cylinder head and the cylinder base are interchangeable, which includes, among other things, the same bores for the piston rod and the locking rod, depending on the configuration of the cylinder head and the cylinder base, a suspension of the compressed air cylinder can be used the pressure medium connections is mounted, attack in the upper part or in the lower part of the cylinder, which is designed as a double tube cylinder.

In der Alternative nach Anspruch 15 hingegen ist nur je ein Druckmittelanschluß an dem Zylinderkopf und dem Zylinderboden angeordnet, dem jeweils in einer Ebene ein entsprechender Blindanschluß gegenübersteht. Bei diesem Einrohrzylinder ist ebenfalls die Anbringung der Aufhängung im oberen oder im unteren Teil des Druckluftzylinders möglich.In the alternative according to claim 15, on the other hand, only one pressure medium connection is arranged on the cylinder head and one on the cylinder base, each of which faces a corresponding blind connection in one plane. With this single-tube cylinder, it is also possible to mount the suspension in the upper or lower part of the compressed air cylinder.

Besonders zweckmäßige Werkstoffe für einzelne Elemente des Druckluftzylinders, die eine leichte, aber zuverlässige Bauweise ermöglichen, sind in den Ansprüchen 16 und 17 angegeben.Particularly expedient materials for individual elements of the compressed air cylinder, which enable a light but reliable construction, are specified in claims 16 and 17.

Durch die Ausbildung des Umsteuerventils, welches den Zusatzriegelkolben nach Anspruch 18 betätigt, wird, wenn kein erhöhter Druck zur Entriegelung des Zusatzriegelkolbens herrscht, eine Leckluftverbindung von dem Zusatzriegelkolben bzw. dem benachbarten Riegeldruckraum nach außen hergestellt, die als Leckagesicherung ein unbeabsichtigtes Verschieben des Zusatzriegelkolbens und damit Entarretierung verhindert.Due to the design of the reversing valve, which actuates the additional locking piston according to claim 18, if there is no increased pressure to unlock the additional locking piston, a leakage air connection from the additional locking piston or the adjacent locking pressure chamber to the outside is established, which prevents leakage of the additional locking piston and thus unintentional movement Unlocking prevented.

Nach Anspruch 19 gehört zu dem Umsteuerventil eine federbelastete Topfmanschette, die eine Verbindung ab einem voreingestellten Druck zwischen einer Druckmittelzufuhr und einem Ventilraum herstellen kann, in den radiale Bohrungen münden. Durch Änderung der Federbelastung, insbesondere Einstellung einer Vorspannung, kann der Grenzwert des Luftdrucks bestimmt werden, ab dem die Druckmittelzufuhr zu dem Ventilraum durchgeschaltet wird und der Doppelhubzylinder in die voll ausgefahrene Endstellung - Alarmstellung - fährt.According to claim 19, the reversing valve includes a spring-loaded cup sleeve, which can establish a connection from a preset pressure between a pressure medium supply and a valve chamber, into which radial bores open. By changing the spring load, in particular setting a preload, the limit value of the air pressure can be determined, from which the pressure medium supply to the valve chamber is switched on and the double-stroke cylinder moves into the fully extended end position - alarm position.

Hierzu ist die Ventilbohrung des Umsteuerventils nach Anspruch 20 bevorzugt mit dem am nächsten benachbarten Zylinderraum Druckmittel leitend verbunden, und die radialen Bohrungen führen zu einem Riegeldruckraum in dem äußeren Riegelzylinder.For this purpose, the valve bore of the reversing valve is preferably conductively connected to the closest adjacent cylinder space pressure medium, and the radial bores lead to a locking pressure space in the outer locking cylinder.

Das druckgesteuerte Umsteuerventil läßt sich einfach und in rationeller Weise als Zuschaltventil einsetzen, mit dem durch Druckmittel betätigte Elemente, insbesondere wenigstens ein Einhubzylinder, in einer Druckluftzylinderanordnung erst ab einem vorgegebenen Mindestdruck betätigt werden. Das Zusatzventil ist hierzu in die Druckmittelleitung zu dem Einhubzylinder eingefügt. Das Zuschaltventil umfaßt ein druckgesteuertes Umsteuerventil und in der hier vorliegenden Variante zweckmäßig eine an dem Umsteuerventil anliegend befestigte Anschlußplatte, an welche die - durch das Zuschaltventil unterbrochene - Druckmittelleitung angeschlossen werden kann. Die Anschlußbohrungen stehen über Verbindungsbohrungen unmittelbar mit den radialen Bohrungen des Umsteuerventils in Verbindung. Die gleiche Ventilbauart kann also für zwei unterschiedliche Zwecke verwendet werden, je nachdem, wie es mit dem Druckluftzylinder bzw. einer Druckluftzylinderanordnung verbunden wird.The pressure-controlled reversing valve can be used simply and in a rational manner as a connecting valve with which elements actuated by pressure medium, in particular at least one lifting cylinder, are only actuated in a compressed air cylinder arrangement from a predetermined minimum pressure. For this purpose, the additional valve is inserted into the pressure medium line to the lifting cylinder. The connection valve comprises a pressure-controlled reversing valve and, in the present variant, expediently a connection plate attached to the reversing valve, to which the pressure medium line, interrupted by the connection valve, can be connected. The connecting bores are directly connected to the radial bores of the reversing valve via connecting bores. The same type of valve can therefore be used for two different purposes, depending on how it is connected to the compressed air cylinder or a compressed air cylinder arrangement.

Die Erfindung wird im folgenden anhand einer Zeichnung mit 7 Figuren erläutert. Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
eine erste Ausführungsform des Druckluftzylinders, der hier als Doppelhubzylinder und Doppelrohrzylinder ausgebildet ist, wobei der untere Teil eine eingefahrene Stellung der Kolbenstange zeigt und der obere Teil eine voll ausgefahrene Stellung der Kolbenstange darstellt,
Fig. 2
die erste Ausführungsform in einer Teilhubstellung, wobei Zylinderkopf und Zylinderboden gegenüber Fig. 1 vertauscht sind,
Fig. 3
eine zweite Ausführungsform des Druckluftzylinders, der hier als Doppelhubzylinder und Einrohrzylinder ausgebildet ist, wobei der untere Teil und der obere Teil der Fig. 3 analog zur Fig. 1 zwei Endstellungen der Kolbenstange zeigen,
Fig. 4
die zweite Ausführungsform in einer Teilhubstellung,
Fig. 5
ein Zuschaltventil, bestehend aus einem druckgesteuerten Umschaltventil und einer Anschlußplatte in einer Schnittebene A-A (Figur 6) geschnitten,
Fig. 6
das Zuschaltventil gemäß Fig. 5 mit einem Schnitt durch die Anschlußplatte in der Schnittebene B-B (Fig. 5), und
Fig. 7
die Einfügung eines Zuschaltventils in schematisch dargestelltem Ausführungsbeispiel einer Druckluftzylinderanordnung mit einem Einhubzylinder und einem Doppelhubzylinder.
The invention is explained below with reference to a drawing with 7 figures. Show it:
Fig. 1
1 shows a first embodiment of the compressed air cylinder, which is designed here as a double-stroke cylinder and a double-tube cylinder, the lower part showing a retracted position of the piston rod and the upper part representing a fully extended position of the piston rod,
Fig. 2
the first embodiment in a partial stroke position, the cylinder head and cylinder base being interchanged with respect to FIG. 1,
Fig. 3
2 shows a second embodiment of the compressed air cylinder, which is designed here as a double-stroke cylinder and single-tube cylinder, the lower part and the upper part of FIG. 3 showing two end positions of the piston rod analogously to FIG. 1,
Fig. 4
the second embodiment in a partial stroke position,
Fig. 5
a cut-in valve consisting of a pressure-controlled changeover valve and a connecting plate cut in a sectional plane AA (FIG. 6),
Fig. 6
5 with a section through the connection plate in the section plane BB (Fig. 5), and
Fig. 7
the insertion of a connection valve in a schematically illustrated embodiment of a compressed air cylinder arrangement with a single-stroke cylinder and a double-stroke cylinder.

Gemäß den Figuren 1 und 2 ist nur ein Zylinderkopf 41 mit miteinander fluchtenden, in einer Ebene liegenden Sacklöchern 61, 62 ausgestattet, von denen jedes wahlweise zur Druckluftzufuhr dient und die beide gemeinsam zur Aufhängung des Druckluftzylinders herangezogen werden. Außerdem sind der Zylinderkopf 41 und ein Zylinderboden 42 gegenseitig austauschbar, so daß wahlweise die Aufhängung an dem oberen Abschnitt des Druckluftzylinders oder aber an dessen unterem Abschnitt erfolgen kann, je nachdem, wo der Zylinderkopf 41 angesetzt ist.According to FIGS. 1 and 2, only one cylinder head 41 is equipped with aligned blind holes 61, 62 lying in one plane, each of which is used optionally for supplying compressed air and which are both used together to suspend the compressed air cylinder. In addition, the cylinder head 41 and a cylinder base 42 are mutually interchangeable, so that either the suspension on the upper portion of the air cylinder or on its lower portion, depending on where the cylinder head 41 is attached.

Es wird darauf hingewiesen, daß die Druckluftzufuhr von dem Sackloch 61 zu einem ersten Zylinderraum 63 über einen Kanal 64 und nicht dargestelltes Spiel an einer Kolbenstange 51 erfolgt. Die Druckluftzufuhr zu dem Riegeldruckraum 45 erfolgt ebenfalls durch das Spiel der Kolbenstange 51. Die Druckluft leitende Verbindung zwischen dem Sackloch 62 und einem Riegeldruckraum 92 an dem rechten bzw. unteren Ende des Druckluftzylinders erfolgt über Kanäle 47, 48 sowie einen Zwischenraum zwischen einem Zylinderrohr 49 und einem Schutzrohr 50, welche den Zylinderkopf und den Zylinderboden miteinander verbinden. Ein zweiter Zylinderraum 65 wird wiederum über ein Spiel einer Riegelstange 70 mit Druckluft gespeist. Ein Kolben 53 wird also je nachdem, welches der Sacklöcher 61, 62 mit Druckluft beaufschlagt wird, nach vorne bzw. oben oder nach hinten bzw. unten unter gleichzeitiger Lösung der Endverriegelung an einen Riegelkolben 75 oder an einem vorderen Riegelkolben 43 bewegt.It should be noted that the compressed air supply from the blind hole 61 to a first cylinder space 63 via a channel 64 and not shown game takes place on a piston rod 51. The compressed air supply to the bolt pressure chamber 45 also takes place through the play of the piston rod 51. The compressed air-conducting connection between the blind hole 62 and a bolt pressure chamber 92 at the right or lower end of the compressed air cylinder takes place via channels 47, 48 and a space between a cylinder tube 49 and a protective tube 50, which connect the cylinder head and the cylinder base with each other. A second cylinder chamber 65 is in turn fed with compressed air via a play of a locking bar 70. A piston 53 is, depending on which of the blind holes 61, 62 is pressurized with compressed air, moved forwards or upwards or backwards or downwards while simultaneously releasing the end lock on a locking piston 75 or on a front locking piston 43.

Bei den nachfolgend beschriebenen Doppelhubzylindern kann die Kolbenstange um einen verhältnismäßig großen Hub bewegt und in dessen Endlagen verriegelt werden, außerdem aber um einen definierteren kleineren Hub, indem die Kolbenstange durch den anstehenden Druck gehalten wird.In the double-stroke cylinders described below, the piston rod can be moved by a relatively large stroke and locked in its end positions, but also by a defined smaller stroke, in that the piston rod is held by the pressure present.

Das Zylinderrohr 49 und das Schutzrohr 50 bilden in Verbindung mit dem Zylinderkopf 41 und dem Zylinderboden 42 so lange Zylinderräume 63, 65, daß der Kolben 53 um den maximalen Hub, insbesondere zur Betätigung von Rauchabzugsklappen verstellt werden kann.The cylinder tube 49 and the protective tube 50 form in connection with the cylinder head 41 and the cylinder base 42 such long cylinder spaces 63, 65 that the piston 53 can be adjusted by the maximum stroke, in particular for actuating smoke flaps.

In dem oberen Teil der Fig. 1 oberhalb einer Hauptlängsachse 67 ist der Kolben 53 in einer linken und oberen Stellung dargestellt, in welcher die Kolbenstange 51 voll ausgefahren ist. In dem unteren Teil der Fig. 1 unterhalb der Hauptlängsachse 67 befindet sich dagegen der Kolben 53 in seiner rechten oder unteren Endstellung, die der eingefahrenen Stellung der Kolbenstange 51 entspricht. In Fig. 2 nimmt der Kolben 53 eine Zwischenstellung entsprechend einem Teilhub der Kolbenstange 51 ein.In the upper part of FIG. 1 above a main longitudinal axis 67, the piston 53 is shown in a left and upper position, in which the piston rod 51 is fully extended. In contrast, in the lower part of FIG. 1 below the main longitudinal axis 67, the piston 53 is in its right or lower end position, that of the retracted position of the piston rod 51 corresponds. 2, the piston 53 assumes an intermediate position corresponding to a partial stroke of the piston rod 51.

Bei der Ausführungsform des Doppelhubzylinders gemäß den Figuren 1 und 2 ist innerhalb einer Bohrung 68, siehe Fig. 2, der Kolbenstange sowie innerhalb einer Bohrung 69 innerhalb einer mit der Kolbenstange im Bereich des Kolbens verschraubten Riegelstange 70 eine Führungsstange 71 koaxial verschiebbar gelagert. An dem in der Bohrung 68 befindlichen Ende der Führungsstange ist diese mit einem ebenfalls gleitbeweglichen Anschlag 72 versehen - siehe Fig. 2 - der an einer verjüngten Stirnseite 73 der Riegelstange 70 zur Anlage gelangen kann und dort einen Anschlag bildet. An dem entgegengesetzten Ende ist an die Führungsstange 71 eine Zusatzriegelstange 74 größeren Durchmessers angeschraubt, die zur Teilhubbegrenzung verriegelt werden kann.In the embodiment of the double-stroke cylinder according to FIGS. 1 and 2, a guide rod 71 is mounted coaxially displaceably within a bore 68, see FIG. 2, and within a bore 69 within a locking rod 70 screwed to the piston rod in the region of the piston. At the end of the guide rod located in the bore 68, the latter is provided with a likewise slidable stop 72 - see FIG. 2 - which can come to rest on a tapered end face 73 of the locking rod 70 and forms a stop there. At the opposite end, an additional locking bar 74 of larger diameter is screwed onto the guide bar 71 and can be locked to limit the partial stroke.

Damit die Zusatzriegelstange 74 außerhalb eines hinteren Riegelkolbens 75 verriegelt werden kann, ist der Riegelkolben 75 mit einem nach außen offenen Ansatz 76 versehen, an dem ein äußerer Riegelzylinder 77 angebracht ist. In dem Riegelzylinder 77 ist ein Zusatzriegelkolben 78 verschiebbar gelagert, der sich gegen eine nur angedeutete Feder 79 an einem Anschlagdeckel 80 abstützt. Die Teile 77 - 80 dienen in Verbindung mit den noch zu besprechenden Elementen zur Hubbegrenzung, d.h. zur Arretierung der Kolbenstange bei einem Teilhub. Hierzu weist im einzelnen der Zusatzriegelkolben 78 einen hülsenartigen Abschnitt 81 auf, unter dem Kugeln 82 in eine ringförmige Nut 83 in der Zusatzriegelstange 74 eingreifend arretiert werden können. Es liegt dann ein Satz sich um den Umfang der Nut kranzförmig aneinanderliegender kleiner Kugeln in der Nut.So that the additional locking rod 74 can be locked outside a rear locking piston 75, the locking piston 75 is provided with an outwardly open extension 76, to which an outer locking cylinder 77 is attached. An additional locking piston 78 is slidably mounted in the locking cylinder 77, which is supported on a stop cover 80 against a spring 79, which is only indicated. The parts 77 - 80 are used in conjunction with the elements to be discussed to limit the stroke, ie to lock the piston rod during a partial stroke. For this purpose, the additional locking piston 78 has in particular a sleeve-like section 81, under which balls 82 can be locked by engaging in an annular groove 83 in the additional locking rod 74. There is then a set of small balls lying in a ring around the circumference of the groove in the groove.

In ähnlicher Weise sind Sätze kleinerer Kugeln 84 und 85 ohne Kugelhülse in den Bereichen der hülsenartigen Abschnitte 86 und 87 gelagert, damit diese in ringförmige Nuten 88, 89 in der Riegelstange 70 bzw. der Kolbenstange 89 eingeschoben werden können. Damit die Kugeln 82 bzw. 84 bei zurückgezogener Zusatzriegelstange 74 bzw. Riegelstange 70 nicht unkontrolliert in die dadurch freigegebenen Hohlräume hineinfallen können, sind feder-belastete verschiebbare Stützteile 90, 91 vorgesehen, welche die Kugeln in diesen Fällen abstützen.Similarly, sets of smaller balls 84 and 85 without a ball sleeve are supported in the areas of the sleeve-like sections 86 and 87 so that they can be inserted into annular grooves 88, 89 in the locking bar 70 and the piston rod 89, respectively. So that the balls 82 and 84 cannot fall into the cavities released in an uncontrolled manner when the additional locking bar 74 or locking bar 70 is withdrawn, spring-loaded displaceable support parts 90, 91 are provided which support the balls in these cases.

Die Verbindung zwischen dem Sackloch 62 und einem Riegeldruckraum 92 sowie dem zweiten Zylinderraum 65 ist z.T. vorausstehend beschrieben. Zusätzlich besteht eine Verbindung zwischen dem Riegeldruckraum 92 und einem Riegeldruckraum 93 über einen Kanal 94 in dem Ansatz 76. Der Kanal 94 führt zu einem Umsteuerventil 95, welches eine Topfmanschette 96 aufweist, die auf einer Seite unter dem einstellbaren Druck einer Federhülse 97 steht und sich auf einem Ventilsitz 114 abstützen kann. Zur Druckeinstellung dienen eine Feder 98, ein Gewindestift 99 in einer Mutter 100. Der Gewindestift ist durch eine Mutter arretierbar.The connection between the blind hole 62 and a bolt pressure chamber 92 and the second cylinder chamber 65 is partially. described above. In addition, there is a connection between the bolt pressure chamber 92 and a bolt pressure chamber 93 via a channel 94 in the neck 76. The channel 94 leads to a reversing valve 95, which has a cup sleeve 96, which is on one side under the adjustable pressure of a spring sleeve 97 and itself can support on a valve seat 114. A spring 98, a threaded pin 99 in a nut 100 are used to adjust the pressure. The threaded pin can be locked by a nut.

Durch die Einstellung der Vorspannung der Feder 98 wird bestimmt, ab welchem Druck in dem Sackloch 62 die Kolbenstange in die voll ausgefahrene Stellung geschoben wird, nachdem die Verriegelung an der Zusatzriegelstange 74 gelöst wird. Hierzu gibt die Federhülse 97 einen Ventilraum 102 frei, in dem der darin über den Kanal 94, eine radiale Bohrung 103a und eine Ventilbohrung 103 aufgebaute Druck die Topfmanschette 96 entgegen der Federkraft zurückdrückt. Die Druckluft kann deswegen durch radiale Bohrungen 104, 105 strömend den Riegeldruckraum 93 erreichen und damit den Zusatzriegelkolben 78 nach rechts bzw. unten zurückschieben, so daß dessen hülsenartiger Abschnitt 81 die Kugeln 82 freigibt, die aus der Nut 83 herausgedrückt werden können, wenn der Kolben 53 infolge des Drucks in dem Zylinderraum 65 ganz nach links bzw. oben in die voll ausgefahrene Stellung geschoben wird. Diese Stellung ist in dem oberen Teil der Fig. 1 dargestellt. Hier rasten die Kugeln 85 in die Nut 89 der Kolbenstange ein, um eine große Riegelkraft oder Haltekraft in der voll ausgefahrenen Stellung zu gewährleisten.The setting of the prestress of the spring 98 determines the pressure from which the piston rod is pushed into the fully extended position in the blind hole 62 after the lock on the additional locking rod 74 is released. For this purpose, the spring sleeve 97 releases a valve chamber 102 in which the pressure built up therein via the channel 94, a radial bore 103a and a valve bore 103 presses back the cup sleeve 96 against the spring force. The compressed air can therefore flow through radial bores 104, 105 to reach the locking pressure chamber 93 and thus push the additional locking piston 78 back to the right or down, so that its sleeve-like section 81 releases the balls 82 which come out of the groove 83 can be pushed out when the piston 53 is pushed completely to the left or up to the fully extended position as a result of the pressure in the cylinder space 65. This position is shown in the upper part of FIG. 1. Here, the balls 85 snap into the groove 89 of the piston rod in order to ensure a large locking force or holding force in the fully extended position.

Wenn hingegen der Druck in dem Sackloch 62 unter einer vorgegebenen Druckstufe von z.B. 5 bar bleibt, fährt der Kolben nur um einen Teilhub bzw. einen Lüftungshub aus. Bei diesem in Fig. 2 dargestellten Betriebszustand reicht der Druck in der Ventilbohrung 103 nicht aus, um die Topfmanschette 96 abzuheben und die Verbindung zu den radialen Bohrungen 104, 105 über den Ventilraum 102 herzustellen. In diesem Fall besteht eine Leckluftverbindung zwischen dem Riegeldruckraum 93 an dem Zusatzriegelkolben 78 und die radiale Bohrung 105 entlang der Außenseite der Federhülse 97 nach außen. Durch diese Leckagesicherung wird verhindert, daß bei Verschmutzung oder Abnutzung des Umsteuerventils ein unbeabsichtigtes Freigeben der Kugeln 82 durch Verschieben des Zusatzriegelkolbens 78 eintritt. Die Zusatzriegelstange 74 bleibt also in der verriegelten rechten bzw. unteren Stellung. Daher kann sich der Kolben 53 bei Aufbau des Drucks in dem zweiten Zylinderraum 65 nur soweit nach oben verschieben, bis der Anschlag 72 zur Anlage an der Stirnseite 73 der Riegelstange 70 in der Kolbenstange 51 gelangt und die Kolbenstange in dieser Position festhält. Die Kugeln 85 sind dabei aus der Nut 89 in der Kolbenstange von der vorangegangenen Rückstellung des Kolbens gelöst, die in Verbindung mit dem unteren Teil der Fig. 1 besprochen wird.Conversely, if the pressure in the blind hole 62 is below a predetermined pressure level of e.g. Remains 5 bar, the piston extends only by a partial stroke or a ventilation stroke. In this operating state shown in FIG. 2, the pressure in the valve bore 103 is not sufficient to lift the cup sleeve 96 and to establish the connection to the radial bores 104, 105 via the valve chamber 102. In this case, there is a leakage air connection between the bolt pressure chamber 93 on the additional bolt piston 78 and the radial bore 105 along the outside of the spring sleeve 97 to the outside. This leakage protection prevents the balls 82 from being inadvertently released by moving the additional locking piston 78 if the reversing valve is dirty or worn. The additional locking bar 74 thus remains in the locked right or lower position. When the pressure builds up in the second cylinder space 65, the piston 53 can therefore only move upwards until the stop 72 comes to bear against the end face 73 of the locking rod 70 in the piston rod 51 and holds the piston rod in this position. The balls 85 are released from the groove 89 in the piston rod from the previous return of the piston, which is discussed in connection with the lower part of FIG. 1.

Zur Rückstellung bzw. zum Schließen der Rauchabzugsklappen wird je nach der Variante gemäß Fig. 1 oder 2 eines der beiden Sacklocher 61, 62 mit Druckluft eines Drucks beaufschlagt, der in diesem Fall unkritisch ist. Es wird speziell auf den unteren Teil in Fig. 1 Bezug genommen. Zur Rückstellung der Kolbenstange bzw. zum Schließen der Rauchabzugsklappe, die mit der Kolbenstange in Verbindung steht, wird das Sackloch 61 mit Druck beaufschlagt, der sich entlang der Kolbenstange in den Riegeldruckraum 45 sowie in den ersten Zylinderraum 63 fortpflanzt. Dadurch wird die Kolbenstange 53 nach rechts bzw. unten bis zum Anschlag an dem Zylinderboden 42 verschoben. Dabei gelangen die Kugeln 84 in die ringförmige Nut 88 der Riegelstange 70 und werden dort durch den mittels Federkraft über sie geschobenen hülsenartigen Abschnitt 86 gehalten. Außerdem werden über den Anschlag 72, der am Ende der Bohrung 68 in der Kolbenstange anstößt, die Führungsstange 71 und die Zusatzriegelstange 74 nach rechts bzw. unten in die Endstellung gefahren, die sie zur Hubbegrenzung bzw. zur Einstellung eines Teilhubs annehmen. In dieser Lage fallen die Kugeln 82 in die Nut 83 in der Zusatzriegelstange und werden in dieser Position durch die unter Federkraft durch den nach links bzw. oben geschobenen Zusatzriegelkolben 78 gehalten.To reset or close the smoke flaps, depending on the variant according to FIG. 1 or 2, one of the two blind holes 61, 62 is pressurized with compressed air of a pressure, which is not critical in this case. Reference is made specifically to the lower part in FIG. 1. To reset the piston rod or to close the smoke flap, which is connected to the piston rod, the blind hole 61 is pressurized, which propagates along the piston rod into the bolt pressure chamber 45 and into the first cylinder chamber 63. As a result, the piston rod 53 is shifted to the right or down as far as it will go against the cylinder base 42. The balls 84 come into the annular groove 88 of the locking bar 70 and are held there by the sleeve-like section 86 which is pushed over them by spring force. In addition, the guide rod 71 and the additional locking rod 74 are moved to the right or downward into the end position via the stop 72, which abuts the end of the bore 68 in the piston rod, which they assume for limiting the stroke or for setting a partial stroke. In this position, the balls 82 fall into the groove 83 in the additional locking bar and are held in this position by the additional locking piston 78 pushed to the left or up under spring force.

Es wird zu den Figuren 1 und 2 noch bemerkt, daß in den beiden Figuren der Zylinderkopf 41 und der Zylinderboden 42 gegeneinander vertauschte Lagen einnehmen, was infolge des Aufbaus des Druckluftzylinders ohne weiteres möglich ist, wobei allerdings die Sacklöcher 61 und 62 ihre Funktionen vertauschen. Durch Austausch des Zylinderkopfes 41 mit dem Zylinderboden 42 ist es möglich, die Anbringung des Druckluftzylinders an den Sacklöchern 61 und 62 je nach den Einbauvoraussetzungen zu verändern.It is also noted with respect to FIGS. 1 and 2 that in the two figures the cylinder head 41 and the cylinder base 42 assume positions which are interchanged, which is readily possible due to the construction of the compressed air cylinder, although the blind holes 61 and 62 interchange their functions. By replacing the cylinder head 41 with the cylinder base 42, it is possible to change the attachment of the compressed air cylinder to the blind holes 61 and 62 depending on the installation requirements.

Die Rückstellung kann sowohl aus der voll ausgefahrenen Stellung in dem oberen Teil der Fig. 1 erfolgen, wie voranstehend beschrieben, als auch aus der Teilhubstellung in Fig. 2 , wobei die Kugeln 85 nicht entriegelt zu werden brauchen, da sie hier nicht in der Nut 89 der Kolbenstange eingefallen sind.The reset can take place both from the fully extended position in the upper part of FIG. 1, as described above, and from the partial stroke position in FIG. 2, the balls 85 need not be unlocked, since they have not fallen into the groove 89 of the piston rod here.

In den Figuren 3 und 4 sind die gleichen Hubstellungen wie in den Figuren 1 und 2 dargestellt, jedoch für einen Druckluftzylinder, der nur ein Zylinderrohr 9 aufweist. Die Kolbenstange 106 ist hier wiederum mit einer Bohrung 107 zur Lagerung eines Anschlags 108 an einer Führungsstange 109 versehen. Die Führungsstange ist an ihrem entgegengesetzten Ende in eine Zusatzriegelstange 110 eingeschraubt, die durch den mit einem Ansatz 111 versehenen Riegelkolben 112 in einen äußeren Riegelzylinder 113 reicht. Der äußere Riegelzylinder 113 ist mit den in ihm montierten Teilen einschließlich eines angesetzten Umsteuerventils 95 in gleicher Weise aufgebaut wie der äußere Riegelzylinder 77 mit dem Umsteuerventil 95, so daß sich eine Wiederholung der Beschreibung erübrigt. Unterschiedlich zu der Ausführungsform in den Figuren 1 und 2 sind bei der Ausführungsform gemäß den Figuren 3 und 4 der Zylinderkopf 1 und der Zylinderboden 2. Zwischen einem Sackloch 27 in dem Zylinderkopf 1 und einem Zylinderraum 9a bzw. einem Riegeldruckraum 22 sind Verbindungskanäle vorgesehen. Analog dazu liegen Verbindungskanäle zwischen einem Sackloch 30 in einem Zylinderboden und einem zweiten Zylinderdruckraum 9b einerseits sowie einem Riegeldruckraum 23 vor. Der Riegeldruckraum 23 steht dabei wiederum über einen Kanal 94 mit dem Riegeldruckraum 93 des Zusatzriegelkolbens 78 in Verbindung.FIGS. 3 and 4 show the same stroke positions as in FIGS. 1 and 2, but for a compressed air cylinder that has only one cylinder tube 9. The piston rod 106 is in turn provided with a bore 107 for mounting a stop 108 on a guide rod 109. The guide rod is screwed at its opposite end into an additional locking rod 110, which extends through the locking piston 112 provided with an extension 111 into an outer locking cylinder 113. The outer locking cylinder 113 with the parts mounted in it, including an attached reversing valve 95, is constructed in the same way as the outer locking cylinder 77 with the reversing valve 95, so that there is no need to repeat the description. Different from the embodiment in FIGS. 1 and 2, in the embodiment according to FIGS. 3 and 4, the cylinder head 1 and the cylinder base 2 are provided between a blind hole 27 in the cylinder head 1 and a cylinder space 9a and a bolt pressure space 22. Analogously, there are connection channels between a blind hole 30 in a cylinder base and a second cylinder pressure chamber 9b on the one hand and a bolt pressure chamber 23. The bolt pressure chamber 23 is in turn connected via a channel 94 to the bolt pressure chamber 93 of the additional bolt piston 78.

Es wird an dieser Stelle bemerkt, daß bei sämtlichen Ausführungsformen nach den Figuren 1 - 4 die Teilhub-Verriegelung durch Herausziehen des Zusatzriegelkolbens 78 leicht gelöst werden kann. Der hintere Riegelkolben 112 kann zusammen mit dem äußeren Riegelzylinder 113 ebenfalls leicht zur Lösung der Teilhubstellung herausgezogen werden, indem ein Werkzeug in das Sackloch 115 eingeführt wird.It is noted at this point that the partial stroke locking in all the embodiments according to FIGS. 1-4 can be easily released by pulling out the additional locking piston 78. The rear locking piston 112 can also be easily pulled out together with the outer locking cylinder 113 to release the partial stroke position by inserting a tool into the blind hole 115.

Das druckmittelbetätigte Umsteuerventil 95 kann auch als Zuschaltventil insbesondere von Druckluftzylindern, die als Einhubzylinder ausgebildet sind, in einem Leitungszug einer druckmittelbetätigten Anordnung zur Rauchklappenbetätigung eingesetzt werden.The pressure medium-operated reversing valve 95 can also be used as a connecting valve, in particular of compressed air cylinders, which are designed as single-stroke cylinders, in a line of a pressure medium-operated arrangement for smoke flap actuation.

Hierzu ist das Umsteuerventil 95 mit einer Anschlußplatte 116 versehen, siehe Figuren 5 und 6 . Die Gesamtheit des Umsteuerventils 95 und der Anschlußplatte 116 wird als Zuschaltventil angesehen. Der Aufbau und das Wirkungsprinzip des druckmittelbetätigten Umsteuerventils sind die gleichen wie voranstehend beschrieben. Die Bezugszeichen der einzelnen Elemente des Umsteuerventils wurden daher in den Figuren 5 und 6 beibehalten.For this purpose, the reversing valve 95 is provided with a connecting plate 116, see FIGS. 5 and 6. The entirety of the reversing valve 95 and the connecting plate 116 is regarded as a connecting valve. The structure and principle of operation of the pressure-operated reversing valve are the same as described above. The reference numerals of the individual elements of the reversing valve have therefore been retained in FIGS. 5 and 6.

Die Anschlußplatte 116 ist annähernd quaderförmig mit zumindest einer planen Seite 117 ausgebildet, die an einer ebenfalls ebenen Seite 118 des Umsteuerventils dicht anliegt. Diese beiden Elemente sind durch nicht dargestellte Inbusschrauben fest zusammengehalten, die durch Bohrungen 119, 120 in der Anschlußplatte hindurchreichen und in Gewindelöcher in dem Umsteuerventil eingeschraubt sind.The connection plate 116 is approximately cuboid with at least one flat side 117 which bears tightly on a likewise flat side 118 of the reversing valve. These two elements are held together by Allen screws, not shown, which extend through bores 119, 120 in the connecting plate and are screwed into threaded holes in the reversing valve.

Befestigungslöcher zur Montage des Zuschaltventils sind mit 121, 122 bezeichnet. Zum Anschluß einer ersten Leitung, die unter dem gesteuerten Druck eines Druckmittels steht, dient eine erste Anschlußbohrung 123, in die quer eine erste Verbindungsbohrung 124 hineinragt. Diese geht in die radiale Bohrung 103a des aufgesetzten Umsteuerventils über. Eine zweite Anschlußbohrung 125 zum Anschluß einer abgehenden, zweiten Leitung steht über einen verjüngten Bohrungsabschnitt 126 mit einer Querbohrung 127 in Verbindung, von der - rechtwinklig zu der zweiten Anschlußbohrung und zu der Querbohrung - eine zweite Verbindungsbohrung und eine dritte Verbindungsbohrung 128, 129 abgehen. Die zweite und die dritte Verbindungsbohrungen gehen in die radiale Bohrung 104 bzw. 105 des aufmontierten Umsteuerventils über. Die Querbohrung ist durch einen Gewindestift 130 abgeschlossen.Mounting holes for mounting the sequence valve are designated 121, 122. A first connection bore 123, into which a first connection bore 124 projects transversely, is used to connect a first line which is under the controlled pressure of a pressure medium. This passes into the radial bore 103a of the reversing valve attached. A second connection bore 125 for connecting an outgoing, second line is connected via a tapered bore section 126 to a cross bore 127, from which - at right angles to the second connection bore and to the cross bore - a second connection bore and a third connection bore 128, 129 extend. The second and the third connecting bores merge into the radial bores 104 and 105 of the reversing valve mounted. The cross hole is closed by a threaded pin 130.

Je nach dem Druck, mit dem das derart aufgebaute Zuschaltventil 95, 116 beaufschlagt wird, stellt dieses eine Druckmittelleitende Verbindung zwischen der ersten Anschlußbohrung 124 und der zweiten Anschlußbohrung 125 her:
Wenn der Druck in dem ersten Druckmittelanschluß (Anschlußbohrung) 123 einen vorbestimmten Mindestwert nicht erreicht, so wird die Topfmanschette 96 in der in Fig. 5 dargestellten Ruhestellung auf den Ventilsitz 114 unter der Wirkung der Federhülse 97 und der Feder 98 gedrückt. Dadurch ist eine Druckmittelleitende Verbindung zwischen der ersten Anschlußbohrung und der zweiten Anschlußbohrung unterbrochen. Ein Ausgleich des Drucks an der zweiten Anschlußbohrung 125 kann über die dritte Verbindungsbohrung 129, die radiale Bohrung 105 entlang der Außenseite der Federhülse 97 nach außen erfolgen. Wenn jedoch der Druck an der ersten Anschlußbohrung 123 so hoch ist, daß die Topfmanschette 96 entgegen der Kraft der Feder 98 von dem Ventilsitz 114 abhebt, so liegt eine Druckmittel-leitende Verbindung zwischen der ersten Anschlußbohrung über die erste Verbindungsbohrung 124, die radiale Bohrung 103a, die Ventilbohrung 103, den Ventilraum 102, die radialen Bohrungen 104, 105, die ebenso wie die sich daran anschließenden Verbindungsbohrungen 128, 129 parallel liegen, über die Querbohrung 127 zu der zweiten Anschlußbohrung 125 vor.Depending on the pressure with which the connection valve 95, 116 constructed in this way is acted upon, this creates a pressure medium-conducting connection between the first connection bore 124 and the second connection bore 125:
If the pressure in the first pressure medium connection (connection bore) 123 does not reach a predetermined minimum value, the cup sleeve 96 is pressed onto the valve seat 114 in the rest position shown in FIG. 5 under the action of the spring sleeve 97 and the spring 98. As a result, a pressure medium-conducting connection between the first connection bore and the second connection bore is interrupted. The pressure at the second connection bore 125 can be compensated for via the third connection bore 129, the radial bore 105 along the outside of the spring sleeve 97 to the outside. However, if the pressure at the first connection bore 123 is so high that the cup sleeve 96 lifts off the valve seat 114 against the force of the spring 98, there is a pressure-medium-conducting connection between the first connection bore via the first connection bore 124, the radial bore 103a , the valve bore 103, the valve chamber 102, the radial bores 104, 105, which, like the adjoining connection bores 128, 129, are parallel, via the transverse bore 127 to the second connection bore 125.

In der in Figur 7 schematisch dargestellten Druckluftzylinderanordnung sind ein Druckluftzylinder mit Endlageverriegelung 113 sowie ein Doppelhubzylinder 132 zur Betätigung je einer Rauch- und Wärmeabzugsklappe 133 bzw. 134 vorgesehen. Mit dem Doppelhubzylinder 132 ist ein wie vorstehend beschriebenes druckgesteuertes Umsteuerventil 135 integriert. Zu der Druckluftzylinderanordnung gehört weiterhin ein Handsteuerventil 136, dessen einer Ausgang über Leitungen 137, 138, 139 mit nicht bezeichneten Eingängen bzw. Sacklöchern des Druckluftzylinders mit Endlageverriegelung 131 und des Doppelhubzylinders 132 in Verbindung steht, um die Rauch- und Wärmeabzugsklappen in die geschlossene Stellung zu fahren. Zur Betätigung der Rauch- und Wärmeabzugsklappen in der entgegengesetzten Richtung zum Öffnen ist ein weiterer Ausgang des Handsteuerventils über Leitungen 140, 141 mit der Druckluftzufuhr bzw. einem Sackloch des Doppelhubzylinders 132 verbunden. Von einer Verbindungsstelle 142 ist eine Druckmittelleitung, bestehend aus Abschnitten 143, 144 abgezweigt, in welcher ein Zuschaltventil 145 eingeschaltet ist. Das Zuschaltventil ist wiederum druckgesteuert. Die Druckmittelleitung, bestehend aus den Abschnitten 143, 144 führt zu einer Druckluftzufuhr bzw. einem Sackloch des Zylinders 131. Wenn an dem Handsteuerventil 136 ein die Leitung 140 beaufschlagender Druck eingestellt ist, der einen vorbestimmten Druck nicht überschreitet, so fährt der Doppelhubzylinder 132 die Rauch- und Wärmeabzugsklappe 134 in eine erste geöffnete Stellung, da das Umsteuerventil 135 einen weiteren Hub unterbindet. Da in diesem Druckbereich das druckgesteuerte Zuschaltventil die Druckmittelleitung, bestehend aus den Abschnitten 143, 144 unterbricht, wird die Rauch- und Wärmeabzugsklappe 133 nicht betätigt. - Erst in einem Alarmfall, wenn der Druck an dem Handsteuerventil einen vorgegebenen Druck überschreitet, leitet das Zuschaltventil 145 diesen Druck in den Abschnitt 144 der Druckmittelleitung und von dort in den Druckluftzylinder mit Endlageverriegelung 131 weiter, der somit die Rauch- und Wärmeabzugsklappe 133 in die offene Alarmstellung schwenkt. Außerdem gibt das Umsteuerventil 135 an dem Doppelhubzylinder 132 den weitergehenden Alarmhub des Doppelhubzylinders frei, welcher die Rauch- und Wärmeabzugsklappe 134 entsprechend weit öffnet.In the compressed air cylinder arrangement shown schematically in FIG. 7, a compressed air cylinder with end position lock 113 and a double stroke cylinder 132 are provided for actuating one smoke and one heat exhaust flap 133 and 134, respectively. A pressure-controlled reversing valve 135, as described above, is integrated with the double-stroke cylinder 132. The compressed air cylinder arrangement also includes a manual control valve 136, the one output of which is connected via lines 137, 138, 139 to unspecified inputs or blind holes of the compressed air cylinder with end position lock 131 and the double-stroke cylinder 132 in order to close the smoke and heat exhaust flaps in the closed position drive. To actuate the smoke and heat exhaust flaps in the opposite direction to open, another outlet of the manual control valve is connected via lines 140, 141 to the compressed air supply or a blind hole of the double-stroke cylinder 132. A pressure medium line, consisting of sections 143, 144, in which a connecting valve 145 is switched on, is branched off from a connection point 142. The connection valve is again pressure controlled. The pressure medium line, consisting of the sections 143, 144, leads to a compressed air supply or a blind hole of the cylinder 131. If a pressure which acts on the line 140 and does not exceed a predetermined pressure is set on the manual control valve 136, the double-stroke cylinder 132 drives the smoke - And heat flap 134 in a first open position, since the reversing valve 135 prevents another stroke. Since in this pressure range the pressure-controlled connection valve interrupts the pressure medium line, consisting of sections 143, 144, the smoke and heat exhaust flap 133 is not actuated. - Only in the event of an alarm, when the pressure on the manual control valve exceeds a predetermined pressure, the connection valve 145 transfers this pressure into the section 144 of the pressure medium line and from there into the compressed air cylinder with end position lock 131, which thus the smoke and heat vent valve 133 in the open alarm position pivots. In addition, the reversing valve 135 on the double-stroke cylinder 132 releases the further alarm stroke of the double-stroke cylinder, which opens the smoke and heat vent flap 134 accordingly.

Es sind viele Varianten der Druckluftzylinderandordnung denkbar, in denen das Zuschaltventil und das Umsteuerventil, die beide druckgesteuert und im wesentlichen baugleich sind, vorteilhaft eingesetzt werden können.Many variants of the compressed air cylinder arrangement are conceivable, in which the connecting valve and the reversing valve, both of which are pressure-controlled and essentially identical, can be used advantageously.

Claims (20)

  1. Pneumatic actuator of double stroke cylinder construction for the actuation of smoke extraction flues in smoke and heat extraction installations, with end position locking means at each end, with a piston (53) which can be acted on from both sides, and which can be displaced by a pressure medium in a cylinder with two cylinder spaces (63,65; 9a,9b) and which has a piston rod (51; 106), whereby in the locking positions locking elements in the form of ball bearings (84, 85) are held in grooves in the piston rod (51; 106) using spring-loaded locking pistons (43; 75), and whereby the piston rod can be stopped at least alternatively to one of the two end locking positions in an intermediate position between the end positions,
    characterised in that
    coaxial with the piston rod (51; 106) and displaceable with respect to the latter to a position indirectly or directly against a stop on the piston rod (front side 73) there is an auxiliary locking rod (74; 110) which limits a partial stroke of the piston rod (51; 106) and in this partial stroke position extends into an external locking cylinder (77; 113) arranged on one (75) of the locking pistons, in which an auxiliary locking piston (78) is movably mounted, which latter in the partial stroke position embraces ball bearings (82) with a sleevelike portion (81) which ball bearings penetrate into an annular groove (83) in the auxiliary locking rod and are otherwise radially movable which auxiliary locking piston releases the radially outward movable ball bearings (82) if it is axially moved away from them and in that the auxiliary locking piston (78) is connected with the nearest cylinder space (65) via a pressure-controlled reversing valve (95) when a predetermined pressure is exceeded.
  2. Pneumatic actuator according to claim 1,
    characterised in that
    on both sides outside the closed cylinder spaces (63,65; 9a,9b) and adjacent to each of these cylinder spaces a locking piston (43,75; 112) can be displaced concentrically with the piston rod (51; 106) which locking cylinder has a pressure medium carrying connection to the adjacent cylinder space (63,65; 9a,9b) in that each locking piston (43,44; 112) has a sleevelike portion (86, 87) which in a locking position embraces axially and rotationally movable ball bearings (84, 85) which penetrate partially into an annular groove (88, 89) connected to the piston rod (51; 106) and which portion releases the ball bearings outward if it is moved axially away from them, in that the auxiliary locking rod (74; 110) extends in the partial stroke position from one (75) of the two locking pistons and in that the outer locking cylinder (77; 113) is arranged on and outside this locking piston (75).
  3. Pneumatic actuator according to claim 1,
    characterised in that
    a guide rod (71; 109) is displaceably mounted in a hole (68, 107) in the piston rod (51, 106) the one end of which guide rod has a stop (72; 108) which limits the mutual displaceability of the piston rod and the guide rod, and the other end of which is connected to the auxiliary locking rod (74; 110).
  4. Pneumatic actuator according to claim 2,
    characterised in that
    the ball bearings (84, 85) in the position of depression into the groove (88, 89) make a crownlike mutual contact in the circumferential direction.
  5. Pneumatic cylinder according to one of the claims 1 - 4,
    characterised in that
    the piston (53) which can be acted on from both sides is fixed between the piston rod (51) and a locking rod (70) which is flush with the piston rod and that outside the piston rod (51) the locking rod (70) is provided with an annular groove (88, 89) for the partial reception of the locking ball bearings (84, 95).
  6. Pneumatic actuator according to one of the claims 1 - 5,
    characterised in that
    each locking piston (43, 75; 112) is pressed by at least one spring in the direction of the adjacent ball bearings (84, 85).
  7. Pneumatic actuator according to one of the claims 1 - 6,
    characterised in that
    each locking piston (43, 75; 112) has a section extending outside the actuator cylinder.
  8. Pneumatic actuator according to one of the foregoing claims,
    characterised in that
    an inner and an outer groove ring are arranged on the locking piston (43, 75; 112) which moves on the piston rod (51; 106).
  9. Pneumatic actuator according to one of the foregoing claims,
    characterised in that
    each of the two ends of the actuator cylinder or an end of the locking cylinder (77) is closed by a stop cap (80a, and 80) which forms at least one spring accommodation space and a stop for the locking piston in each case concentric with the piston rod (51; 106) or locking rod (70).
  10. Pneumatic actuator according to claim 9
    characterised in that
    the section of the locking piston (43) protruding out of one stop cap (80a) has a hole, through which the piston rod (51; 106) is movably guided.
  11. Pneumatic actuator according to claim 9 or 10
    characterised in that
    the section of the auxiliary locking piston (78) protruding from the stop cap of the locking cylinder (80) is closed and that in this section a support (90) is mounted to move which is flush with the locking rod and is pressed against its front side by a spring.
  12. Pneumatic actuator according to one of the claims 1, 3 - 11
    characterised in that
    the ball bearings (84, 85) are mounted to roll and move radially in a ball bearing housing.
  13. Pneumatic cylinder according to the claims 1, 2, 4, 8 and 9
    characterised in that
    the auxiliary locking piston (78), the support (90) and the stop cap (80) with the spring accommodation space are arranged to be at least partially concentrically overlapping.
  14. Pneumatic actuator according to one of the foregoing claims
    characterised in that
    two pressure medium connections (blind holes 61, 62) of the two cylinder spaces (63, 65) are arranged on the cylinder head (41) and that the cylinder head and the cylinder base (42) can be interchanged.
  15. Pneumatic actuator according to one of the claims 1-13
    characterised in that
    one of the pressure medium connections (blind hole 27 or 30) of the two cylinder spaces (9a, 9b) is arranged on each of the cylinder head and the cylinder base and that a similarly formed blind connection (blind hole 28 or 29) is opposite each pressure medium connection.
  16. Pneumatic actuator according to the foregoing claims
    characterised in that
    the cylinder head (41), the cylinder base (42), the locking pistons (43, 75; 112), the stop caps (80, 80a), the ball bearing housings, the locking rod (70) and the support (90) consist of a AlCuMgPb alloy.
  17. Pneumatic actuator according to claim 16
    characterised in that
    the piston rod (51; 106) consists of V2A steel.
  18. Pneumatic actuator according to claim 1
    characterised in that
    when the pressure falls below a predetermined level the reversing valve (95) produces a leakage air connection (channels 104, 105) from a locking pressure space (93) on the auxiliary locking piston (78) to the outside.
  19. Pneumatic actuator according to claim 1 or 18
    characterised in that
    the reversing valve (95) has a spring-loaded cap washer (96) which has on one side a valve hole (103) which is connected to a pressure medium feed, (and) terminates opposite a valve space (102) in which radial holes (104, 105) open.
  20. Pneumatic actuator according to claim 19
    characterised in that
    the valve hole (103) of the reversing valve (95) is connected to the closest adjacent cylinder space (65) so as to carry pressure medium and that the radial holes (104, 105) lead to a locking pressure space (93) in the outer locking cylinder (77).
EP89112178A 1988-10-13 1989-07-04 Pneumatic actuator with locking means in the end positions, especially for actuating smoke extractor flues Expired - Lifetime EP0363575B1 (en)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
YU152389A YU48225B (en) 1988-10-13 1989-07-31 PNEUMATIC CYLINDER WITH LOCKING IN THE END POSITION, SPECIFICALLY FOR STARTING THE SWITCH GAS VALVES
SI8911523A SI8911523B (en) 1988-10-13 1989-07-31 Pneumatic actuator with locking means in the end position, especially for activating smoke extracting
DK385289A DK172502B1 (en) 1988-10-13 1989-08-07 A compressed air cylinder provided with end position locking, in particular for activating smoke ventilation valves
HU894103A HU214169B (en) 1988-10-13 1989-08-10 Pneumatic cylinder provided with end positions locking mainly for operating smoke-pipe clack
HR930767A HRP930767B1 (en) 1988-10-13 1993-04-02 A pneumatic actuator with locking means in end positions, especially for actuating smoke extractor flues

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE8812882U DE8812882U1 (en) 1988-10-13 1988-10-13
DE8812882U 1988-10-13

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0363575A1 EP0363575A1 (en) 1990-04-18
EP0363575B1 true EP0363575B1 (en) 1994-09-07

Family

ID=6828832

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP89112178A Expired - Lifetime EP0363575B1 (en) 1988-10-13 1989-07-04 Pneumatic actuator with locking means in the end positions, especially for actuating smoke extractor flues

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0363575B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE111190T1 (en)
DE (2) DE8812882U1 (en)
ES (1) ES2060701T3 (en)
YU (1) YU48225B (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6071096A (en) * 1997-04-25 2000-06-06 Grasl; Andreas Pneumatic cylinder, in particular for actuating fume extraction valves in fume and heat extraction plants

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0692640A3 (en) * 1994-06-14 1997-07-30 Rasmussen Kann Ind As A pressure medium controlled operator device for opening and closing a roof window or a hatch
DE19826129C2 (en) * 1998-06-12 2000-07-20 Andreas Grasl Compressed air cylinder for actuating an adjustable element, in particular a smoke flap
FR2802985B1 (en) * 1999-12-23 2002-03-22 Climax S A INTERMEDIATE STOP POINT CYLINDER
PL210645B1 (en) * 2006-01-23 2012-02-29 Rewa Społka Z Ograniczoną Odpowiedzialnością Pneumatic-hydraulic servomotor with the plunger rod blockade
AT12806U1 (en) * 2011-11-25 2012-12-15 Skardelly Thomas CYLINDER WITH MECHANICAL UNLOCKING
CN117404273B (en) * 2023-12-14 2024-02-13 扬州鼎驰机械有限公司 Piston type air compressor

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3397620A (en) * 1966-10-06 1968-08-20 Milwaukee Cylinder Corp Fluid actuator with annular piston locking means
AT302107B (en) * 1970-10-27 1972-10-10 Hoerbiger Ventilwerke Ag Pneumatic or hydraulic actuating cylinder with a device for mechanically locking its actuating piston
DE7426429U (en) * 1974-08-02 1974-12-19 Esser K Kg Working cylinder that can be acted upon by a pressure medium
US4248138A (en) * 1978-09-19 1981-02-03 Baker Cac, Inc. Fail safe locking mechanism for fluid operated valve actuator
DE2906819C2 (en) * 1979-02-22 1983-05-26 EHP Hugo Krüger KG Elektrik-Hydraulik-Pneumatik, 5828 Ennepetal Pressurized gas-actuated double lifting cylinder, especially for domed rooflights
DE2911071C2 (en) * 1979-03-21 1985-08-29 4515 Bad Essen Fa. Rolf Andexser Lock for pistons of hydraulic cylinders

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6071096A (en) * 1997-04-25 2000-06-06 Grasl; Andreas Pneumatic cylinder, in particular for actuating fume extraction valves in fume and heat extraction plants

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
YU48225B (en) 1997-08-22
DE58908312D1 (en) 1994-10-13
ATE111190T1 (en) 1994-09-15
DE8812882U1 (en) 1989-02-16
EP0363575A1 (en) 1990-04-18
ES2060701T3 (en) 1994-12-01
YU152389A (en) 1992-09-07

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