EP1480623A1 - Arzneimittel mit cholesterolspiegel-senkenden wirkstoffen mit zeitverzögerter wirkstofffreisetzung - Google Patents
Arzneimittel mit cholesterolspiegel-senkenden wirkstoffen mit zeitverzögerter wirkstofffreisetzungInfo
- Publication number
- EP1480623A1 EP1480623A1 EP03711936A EP03711936A EP1480623A1 EP 1480623 A1 EP1480623 A1 EP 1480623A1 EP 03711936 A EP03711936 A EP 03711936A EP 03711936 A EP03711936 A EP 03711936A EP 1480623 A1 EP1480623 A1 EP 1480623A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- active ingredient
- period
- release
- released
- medicament according
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 76
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 72
- HVYWMOMLDIMFJA-DPAQBDIFSA-N cholesterol Chemical compound C1C=C2C[C@@H](O)CC[C@]2(C)[C@@H]2[C@@H]1[C@@H]1CC[C@H]([C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)[C@@]1(C)CC2 HVYWMOMLDIMFJA-DPAQBDIFSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 235000012000 cholesterol Nutrition 0.000 title abstract description 21
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 229940121710 HMGCoA reductase inhibitor Drugs 0.000 claims description 26
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000002471 hydroxymethylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitor Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- ZGGHKIMDNBDHJB-NRFPMOEYSA-M (3R,5S)-fluvastatin sodium Chemical compound [Na+].C12=CC=CC=C2N(C(C)C)C(\C=C\[C@@H](O)C[C@@H](O)CC([O-])=O)=C1C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 ZGGHKIMDNBDHJB-NRFPMOEYSA-M 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229960003765 fluvastatin Drugs 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229940096701 plain lipid modifying drug hmg coa reductase inhibitors Drugs 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920002785 Croscarmellose sodium Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000001767 crosslinked sodium carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- XUKUURHRXDUEBC-KAYWLYCHSA-N Atorvastatin Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C1=C(C=2C=CC(F)=CC=2)N(CC[C@@H](O)C[C@@H](O)CC(O)=O)C(C(C)C)=C1C(=O)NC1=CC=CC=C1 XUKUURHRXDUEBC-KAYWLYCHSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- XUKUURHRXDUEBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atorvastatin Natural products C=1C=CC=CC=1C1=C(C=2C=CC(F)=CC=2)N(CCC(O)CC(O)CC(O)=O)C(C(C)C)=C1C(=O)NC1=CC=CC=C1 XUKUURHRXDUEBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000001856 Ethyl cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- ZZSNKZQZMQGXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl cellulose Chemical compound CCOCC1OC(OC)C(OCC)C(OCC)C1OC1C(O)C(O)C(OC)C(CO)O1 ZZSNKZQZMQGXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 229960005370 atorvastatin Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000019325 ethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920001249 ethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002702 enteric coating Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009505 enteric coating Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229940125753 fibrate Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- -1 dolvastatin Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- HBAQYPYDRFILMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 8-[3-(1-cyclopropylpyrazol-4-yl)-1H-pyrazolo[4,3-d]pyrimidin-5-yl]-3-methyl-3,8-diazabicyclo[3.2.1]octan-2-one Chemical class C1(CC1)N1N=CC(=C1)C1=NNC2=C1N=C(N=C2)N1C2C(N(CC1CC2)C)=O HBAQYPYDRFILMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- PCZOHLXUXFIOCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Monacolin X Natural products C12C(OC(=O)C(C)CC)CC(C)C=C2C=CC(C)C1CCC1CC(O)CC(=O)O1 PCZOHLXUXFIOCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- TUZYXOIXSAXUGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pravastatin Natural products C1=CC(C)C(CCC(O)CC(O)CC(O)=O)C2C(OC(=O)C(C)CC)CC(O)C=C21 TUZYXOIXSAXUGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- RYMZZMVNJRMUDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N SJ000286063 Natural products C12C(OC(=O)C(C)(C)CC)CC(C)C=C2C=CC(C)C1CCC1CC(O)CC(=O)O1 RYMZZMVNJRMUDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229950005357 bervastatin Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960005110 cerivastatin Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- SEERZIQQUAZTOL-ANMDKAQQSA-N cerivastatin Chemical compound COCC1=C(C(C)C)N=C(C(C)C)C(\C=C\[C@@H](O)C[C@@H](O)CC(O)=O)=C1C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 SEERZIQQUAZTOL-ANMDKAQQSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- ZADJRRFMOOACHL-WQICJITCSA-N ethyl (e,3s,5r)-7-[4-(4-fluorophenyl)spiro[chromene-2,1'-cyclopentane]-3-yl]-3,5-dihydroxyhept-6-enoate Chemical compound C12=CC=CC=C2OC2(CCCC2)C(/C=C/[C@H](O)C[C@H](O)CC(=O)OCC)=C1C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 ZADJRRFMOOACHL-WQICJITCSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960004844 lovastatin Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- PCZOHLXUXFIOCF-BXMDZJJMSA-N lovastatin Chemical compound C([C@H]1[C@@H](C)C=CC2=C[C@H](C)C[C@@H]([C@H]12)OC(=O)[C@@H](C)CC)C[C@@H]1C[C@@H](O)CC(=O)O1 PCZOHLXUXFIOCF-BXMDZJJMSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- QLJODMDSTUBWDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N lovastatin hydroxy acid Natural products C1=CC(C)C(CCC(O)CC(O)CC(O)=O)C2C(OC(=O)C(C)CC)CC(C)C=C21 QLJODMDSTUBWDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960002797 pitavastatin Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- RHGYHLPFVJEAOC-FFNUKLMVSA-L pitavastatin calcium Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C(=O)C[C@H](O)C[C@H](O)\C=C\C1=C(C2CC2)N=C2C=CC=CC2=C1C1=CC=C(F)C=C1.[O-]C(=O)C[C@H](O)C[C@H](O)\C=C\C1=C(C2CC2)N=C2C=CC=CC2=C1C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 RHGYHLPFVJEAOC-FFNUKLMVSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002689 polyvinyl acetate Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011118 polyvinyl acetate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960002965 pravastatin Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- TUZYXOIXSAXUGO-PZAWKZKUSA-N pravastatin Chemical compound C1=C[C@H](C)[C@H](CC[C@@H](O)C[C@@H](O)CC(O)=O)[C@H]2[C@@H](OC(=O)[C@@H](C)CC)C[C@H](O)C=C21 TUZYXOIXSAXUGO-PZAWKZKUSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960002855 simvastatin Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- RYMZZMVNJRMUDD-HGQWONQESA-N simvastatin Chemical compound C([C@H]1[C@@H](C)C=CC2=C[C@H](C)C[C@@H]([C@H]12)OC(=O)C(C)(C)CC)C[C@@H]1C[C@@H](O)CC(=O)O1 RYMZZMVNJRMUDD-HGQWONQESA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002301 cellulose acetate Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010947 crosslinked sodium carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003456 ion exchange resin Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920003303 ion-exchange polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940031703 low substituted hydroxypropyl cellulose Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000546 pharmaceutical excipient Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960000672 rosuvastatin Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- BPRHUIZQVSMCRT-VEUZHWNKSA-N rosuvastatin Chemical compound CC(C)C1=NC(N(C)S(C)(=O)=O)=NC(C=2C=CC(F)=CC=2)=C1\C=C\[C@@H](O)C[C@@H](O)CC(O)=O BPRHUIZQVSMCRT-VEUZHWNKSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012453 solvate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-bis(ethenyl)benzene;1-ethenyl-2-ethylbenzene;styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1.CCC1=CC=CC=C1C=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 1
- SNIOPGDIGTZGOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitroglycerin Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)OCC(O[N+]([O-])=O)CO[N+]([O-])=O SNIOPGDIGTZGOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000001341 hydroxy propyl starch Substances 0.000 claims 1
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- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 14
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 description 8
- 210000001035 gastrointestinal tract Anatomy 0.000 description 7
- 238000013268 sustained release Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000012730 sustained-release form Substances 0.000 description 7
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- HQKMJHAJHXVSDF-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium stearate Chemical compound [Mg+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O HQKMJHAJHXVSDF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229920002153 Hydroxypropyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 5
- VJHCJDRQFCCTHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid 2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanal Chemical compound CC(O)=O.OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C=O VJHCJDRQFCCTHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000036765 blood level Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229960005168 croscarmellose Drugs 0.000 description 5
- 239000002552 dosage form Substances 0.000 description 5
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- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
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- 235000010979 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 229920003088 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229920000168 Microcrystalline cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 4
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- 239000001866 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 3
- UFVKGYZPFZQRLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Chemical compound OC1C(O)C(OC)OC(CO)C1OC1C(O)C(O)C(OC2C(C(O)C(OC3C(C(O)C(O)C(CO)O3)O)C(CO)O2)O)C(CO)O1 UFVKGYZPFZQRLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000019359 magnesium stearate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229940126601 medicinal product Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 description 3
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- 210000002784 stomach Anatomy 0.000 description 3
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- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QKKXKWKRSA-N Lactose Natural products OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O[C@H]2[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)O[C@@H]2CO)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QKKXKWKRSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- DOOTYTYQINUNNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethyl citrate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CC(O)(C(=O)OCC)CC(=O)OCC DOOTYTYQINUNNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 229940069328 povidone Drugs 0.000 description 2
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- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001069 triethyl citrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- VMYFZRTXGLUXMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethyl citrate Natural products CCOC(=O)C(O)(C(=O)OCC)C(=O)OCC VMYFZRTXGLUXMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000013769 triethyl citrate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
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- 229920003169 water-soluble polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000005550 wet granulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- CABVTRNMFUVUDM-VRHQGPGLSA-N (3S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@H](OP(O)(O)=O)[C@@H](COP(O)(=O)OP(O)(=O)OCC(C)(C)[C@@H](O)C(=O)NCCC(=O)NCCSC(=O)C[C@@](O)(CC(O)=O)C)O[C@H]1N1C2=NC=NC(N)=C2N=C1 CABVTRNMFUVUDM-VRHQGPGLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001268 Cholestyramine Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002261 Corn starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 206010014476 Elevated cholesterol Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229920003152 Eudragit® RS polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006424 Flood reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000035150 Hypercholesterolemia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000008118 PEG 6000 Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002584 Polyethylene Glycol 6000 Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229940123934 Reductase inhibitor Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Succinic acid Natural products OC(=O)CCC(O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001252 acrylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002671 adjuvant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012736 aqueous medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-NUQCWPJISA-N butanedioic acid Chemical compound O[14C](=O)CC[14C](O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-NUQCWPJISA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001429 chelating resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 230000007515 enzymatic degradation Effects 0.000 description 1
- FSXVSUSRJXIJHB-UHFFFAOYSA-M ethyl prop-2-enoate;methyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate;trimethyl-[2-(2-methylprop-2-enoyloxy)ethyl]azanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCOC(=O)C=C.COC(=O)C(C)=C.CC(=C)C(=O)OCC[N+](C)(C)C FSXVSUSRJXIJHB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/48—Preparations in capsules, e.g. of gelatin, of chocolate
- A61K9/50—Microcapsules having a gas, liquid or semi-solid filling; Solid microparticles or pellets surrounded by a distinct coating layer, e.g. coated microspheres, coated drug crystals
- A61K9/5073—Microcapsules having a gas, liquid or semi-solid filling; Solid microparticles or pellets surrounded by a distinct coating layer, e.g. coated microspheres, coated drug crystals having two or more different coatings optionally including drug-containing subcoatings
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
- A61P3/06—Antihyperlipidemics
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P43/00—Drugs for specific purposes, not provided for in groups A61P1/00-A61P41/00
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/48—Preparations in capsules, e.g. of gelatin, of chocolate
- A61K9/50—Microcapsules having a gas, liquid or semi-solid filling; Solid microparticles or pellets surrounded by a distinct coating layer, e.g. coated microspheres, coated drug crystals
- A61K9/5084—Mixtures of one or more drugs in different galenical forms, at least one of which being granules, microcapsules or (coated) microparticles according to A61K9/16 or A61K9/50, e.g. for obtaining a specific release pattern or for combining different drugs
Definitions
- the invention relates to medicaments which contain one or more active substances which lower (lower) the cholesterol level in the blood, in particular one or more HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors, or one or more medicinal substances of the statin class Fibrates
- the pharmaceuticals according to the invention release the active ingredient with a time delay, that is to say there is initially no release or only a slight release over a period of time and after this period the active ingredient is released as quickly as possible
- HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors reduce the plasma cholesterol level by inhibiting cholesterol biosynthesis, which mainly takes place in the liver, and are therefore used in patients with elevated cholesterol levels
- HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors which include drugs such as fluvastatin, simvastatin, atorvastatin, pravastatin, Ce ⁇ vastatin, lovastatin, nisvastatin, dolvastatin, bervastatin and rosuvastatm, as well as other statins, are not free of side effects and are not well tolerated by all patients other drugs that lower blood cholesterol. Particularly at higher doses, which lead to high peak plasma values of the active ingredient, there can be significant side effects, which are described in detail in the relevant literature.
- EP-A 465 096 discloses drugs which release the HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor in a uniformly sustained manner ("sustained release"), that is to say the release of the active ingredient begins as soon as possible after administration of the drug with an essentially constant (“sustained release") or slightly decreasing (prolonged release) rate over a period of several hours.
- sustained release a uniformly sustained manner
- sustained release essentially constant, not too high active substance level in the patient over a longer period of time.
- the effectiveness and duration of action can be extended and the cholesterol concentration can thus be reduced to a greater extent.
- the active ingredient With the commonly used drugs with an HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor as the active ingredient, the active ingredient is quickly released from the dosage form, floods quickly at the site of action and, depending on the elimination half-life of the respective substance, it is also more or less quickly eliminated from the body and is therefore due the time when the main biosynthesis of cholesterol takes place, may not be available in a sufficiently high concentration at the site of action.
- This phenomenon is particularly pronounced for fast-releasing forms of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors with a very short elimination half-life, such as fluvastatin.
- the object of the invention is to provide a medicament with which the cholesterol level in patients can be reduced, the side effects which occur with the medicaments known in the prior art being reduced or with which the active substance is administered in a reduced dose can be without the effectiveness of the agent suffers.
- a medicament with at least one active substance which lowers the cholesterol level in the blood in particular an HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor, which has means to provide a release characteristic for the active substance in which the active substance contains at least two different release rates is released, in a first period with a first release rate and in a subsequent second period with a second release rate that is higher than the first release rate, the second period beginning 2 to 12 hours after administration of the drug.
- the medicaments according to the invention preferably have a delayed release.
- the medicament according to the invention takes into account the fact that cholesterol production in the human body takes place predominantly in the second half of the night and therefore the synthesis should not be inhibited until some time after administration of the medicament (usually in the evening).
- only a little or preferably no active ingredient is released over a first adjustable period, which takes into account the fact that the biosynthesis of cholesterol takes place only to a small extent in the first half of the night. Rather, the drug is allowed to flood as close to the time of the main cholesterol synthesis as possible with the highest possible blood level, and this increases the effectiveness of the active ingredient at the same dose compared to known drug forms.
- the same effect can be achieved at the required point in time without the need for high initial doses or long-lasting high blood levels.
- the medicinal products according to the invention therefore have the advantage that immediately after administration, which usually takes place a few hours before cholesterol biosynthesis reaches its peak in the second half of the night, no active substance or only a small amount of active substance enters the bloodstream and thus no active substance is consumed and also none Can cause side effects. Only after a delay time, which is chosen so that it extends into the second half of the night, is the active ingredient released as quickly as possible and then reaches the actual site of action in a very high dose, where it can inhibit the increasing biosynthesis of cholesterol.
- This has the advantage that the body is not burdened with active ingredient before the actual cholesterol biosynthesis has to be inhibited and at the same time the entire active ingredient of the drug is available when the inhibition is required.
- a certain delayed release is achieved, for example, by providing the drug with a coating which is insoluble in the acidic environment of the stomach and which dissolves in the intestine when the pH increases.
- a pH control and corresponding drug forms are widely used as enteric coated drugs.
- pH control alone is not suitable for achieving the delayed release desired according to the invention, since it is extremely imprecise.
- the dwell time of an enteric drug in the stomach depends on many Conditions that cannot be determined, in particular the time, the type and amount of food intake, and the size and density of the dosage form.
- the desired release characteristic could at best be achieved very inaccurately and with considerable restrictions with regard to the time of administration by means of a pH-controlled coating.
- the delay times that can be achieved by means of pH control are usually too short for the desired goal.
- the release control in the pharmaceuticals is therefore not carried out via a pH-controlled coating or an enteric coating.
- the pharmaceuticals according to the invention can indeed include an enteric coating in order to ensure gastric juice resistance, which can further extend the delay time, but even if they have an ente ⁇ sche coating, they also have additional means to achieve the desired release characteristics.
- EP-A 210 540 Suitable means or methods for the production of medicaments with delayed release are described, for example, in EP-A 210 540, the disclosure of which is referred to in this regard.
- Medicaments based on the technology of EP-A 210 540 are preferred according to the invention.
- the medicaments described in EP-A 210 540 are so-called time-controlled explosion systems which comprise the medicinal substance together with a swelling agent and which are surrounded by a water-insoluble, non-pH-dependent coating. In these systems, the active ingredient is released at a high speed after a defined lag time.
- the pharmaceuticals described therein consist, for example, of a granulate which contains the active ingredient and one or more swelling agents and customary auxiliaries and additives, or of pellets which are provided with a coating which contain the active ingredient and the swelling agent and, if appropriate, customary additives.
- EP-A 210 540 also discloses tablets which are also preferred according to the invention. It is also possible for the swelling agent and active ingredient to be present separately, for example in different layers of a pellet or a tablet. It is essential that the active ingredient and the swelling agent are surrounded by a water-insoluble layer, which, however, is not completely impermeable to water.
- drugs can be made available which release active substances in pulsed fashion at different times.
- this can be advantageous, for example, in order to provide a HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor in a pulsed manner at different times when the cholesterol biosynthesis increases.
- a first active ingredient quickly after a first delay time, which has a very short elimination half-life, such as fluvastatin, in order to inhibit the particularly strong cholesterol biosynthesis in the second half and a lower dose of an HMG-CoA after a further delay time -Release reductase inhibitor, such as atorvastatin, which has a very long elimination half-life and which subsequently inhibits the reduced cholesterol biosynthesis over a longer period of time.
- a first delay time which has a very short elimination half-life, such as fluvastatin
- the delay time of the active ingredient release can be controlled, for example via the thickness of the outer water-insoluble coating or the type of the special water-insoluble coating. Examples of this are given in EP-A 210 540, to which reference is made in this regard.
- so-called pore formers can be present in the water-insoluble coating, which dissolve in water and thereby enable or accelerate the water access to the swelling agent.
- the delay time can also be set via the amount of pore former.
- a swelling agent which is preferred according to the invention is a conventional disintegrant used for tablets, such as cross-linked sodium carboxymethyl starch, with low substitution Sodium carboxymethyl starch, cross-linked sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, cross-linked polyvinyl pyrrolidone, low-substituted hydroxypropyl cellulose, starch, highly swellable ion exchange resins such as Amberlite® or cholestyramine, or similar swelling agents.
- a conventional disintegrant used for tablets such as cross-linked sodium carboxymethyl starch, with low substitution Sodium carboxymethyl starch, cross-linked sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, cross-linked polyvinyl pyrrolidone, low-substituted hydroxypropyl cellulose, starch, highly swellable ion exchange resins such as Amberlite® or cholestyramine, or similar swelling agents.
- the water-insoluble films preferably consist of conventional pharmaceutical film polymers such as e.g. Ethyl cellulose, cellulose acetate, polyvinyl acetate, acrylates and mixtures of these polymers in combination with customary auxiliaries, such as plasticizers, pigments, anti-adhesive substances, dispersing agents, buffer substances, fillers and pore formers.
- conventional pharmaceutical film polymers such as e.g. Ethyl cellulose, cellulose acetate, polyvinyl acetate, acrylates and mixtures of these polymers in combination with customary auxiliaries, such as plasticizers, pigments, anti-adhesive substances, dispersing agents, buffer substances, fillers and pore formers.
- EP-A 210 540 Preferred water-insoluble polymers, swelling or disintegrating agents and suitable auxiliaries are also specified in EP-A 210 540, to which reference is made in this regard.
- active substances which lower the cholesterol level in particular HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors, are used according to the invention.
- an intermediate layer between the water-insoluble layer and the active substance-containing core, which is preferably water-soluble.
- Such an intermediate layer can be used, for example, to round off the web edges resulting from tableting and, by using appropriate swelling agents, to further increase the volume expansion of the dosage form upon contact with water.
- Such an intermediate layer can be made of a water-soluble polymer, e.g. Hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, polyvinyl pyrolidone,
- the water-soluble intermediate layer can also have the swelling agents mentioned above. According to the invention, it is possible for the swelling agents to be present either in the active substance-containing layer (or the active substance-containing core) or in the water-soluble intermediate layer or both in the active substance-containing layer and in the intermediate layer.
- the medicament is particularly preferably in the form of particles, which are preferably microtablets or pellets.
- the particles can have a size of, for example, 1 to 4 mm, and a plurality of particles are usually combined in a conventional hard or soft gelatin capsule.
- microtablets or pellets are spoken of, but the explanations also apply accordingly to other particles.
- microtablets or e.g. Press pellets into a tablet, but care must then be taken to ensure that the coatings on the microtablets or pellets, which influence the delayed release, are not damaged.
- microtablets or pellets corresponding to the desired dosage can be offered in sachets (possibly in a mixture with additional auxiliaries such as fillers and flavorings), glasses or similar primary packaging.
- the proportion of swelling agent in the medicaments according to the invention depends on the desired delay time and is generally 5 to 90%, preferably 10 to 80%, more preferably 10 to 60%, even more preferably 10 to 40%, based on the weight of the swelling agent containing core or the layer containing swelling agent.
- Also preferred according to the invention are systems for a "pulsed" release of active substances, as described, for example, in US Pat. No. 5,229,131, to which reference is made in this regard.
- Preferred according to the invention are the medicaments described in US Pat. No. 5,229,131, which comprise two different subunits.
- the individual subunits comprise a core which is provided with a coating, the two subunits differing in the type of coating.
- the coating contains water-permeable but drug-impermeable polymers of a certain tensile strength and a certain elongation at break, which leads to the polymer shell being destroyed after a predetermined time in the aqueous medium of the gastrointestinal tract and releasing the core containing the active ingredient.
- WO 98/48782 also discloses a process for the production of solid pharmaceutical forms which can be used orally and with a controlled release of active substance, but in the pharmaceutical forms mentioned there the delayed release is caused solely by an enteric coating.
- the medicaments according to the invention can preferably also be produced in a manner as described in detail in WO 98/51287, the disclosure of which is also referred to in this respect.
- Medicaments according to the invention can also preferably be produced in a manner as described in WO 99/51209, to which reference is also made in this respect.
- the medicaments described there are those which show a sustained release over a first period of time before a very rapid, pulse-like release takes place in a second period.
- the active ingredient used is released at an increased rate ("faster release” or “quick release”) after a delay of 2 to 12 hours.
- the delay time is at least 3 hours, more preferably at least 4 hours.
- the delay time is preferably not more than 10 hours, more preferably not more than 8 hours, most preferably not more than 6 hours.
- the delay time there is a "slow release", which means that preferably no release of the active ingredient takes place, so that the "slow" release rate is 0% active ingredient per 10-minute interval.
- a small amount of active ingredient is already released.
- the release rate in the delay period is preferably not more than 5%, more preferably not more than 2% of the active ingredient, preferably the HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor, per 10-minute interval. Overall, preferably no more than 30% by weight, more preferably no more than 20% by weight and even more preferably no more than 10% by weight of the active ingredient are released within the delay interval.
- the active substance is released at a much greater rate (“rapid release"), it being preferred according to the invention that the rate of release after the delay time should be as high as possible. It is preferably at least 6%, more preferably at least 10%, even more preferably 15% or more, in particular immediately or at least 20% active ingredient per 10-minute interval. If the active ingredient is already released at a slower rate during the delay interval, the rate of release according to the invention after the delay period is preferably at least twice as high as the release rate during the delay period, more preferably it is at least three times as high, even more preferably at least four times as much high.
- the period in which the rapid release takes place preferably lasts no more than 5 hours, more preferably no more than 3 hours and even more preferably no more than 2 hours, in particular no more than 1 hour.
- the release of the active substance takes place explosively by bursting a coating which previously prevented the release.
- the rate of release during the fast or "faster” release period is faster than during the slow (or “slower”) release period.
- the active substance is completely, at least 50%, more preferably 80%, even more preferably 90% or more released.
- a delayed release takes place after a delay interval.
- Period of rapid release (here the delayed release) is preferably 3 to 9 hours, in particular 3 to 6 hours
- the medicament according to the invention is a system in which the active ingredient is released in more than one pulse, i.e. there are several delay periods
- the first delay period is preferably in a range from 2 to 10 hours, more preferably from 3 to 6 hours
- the second delay period (beginning after the first delay period) in a range of 1.5 to 5 hours, more preferably in a range of 2 to 4 hours.
- the same preferred ranges apply to the rate of release of each pulse in this embodiment as described above for the embodiment in which the release takes place in one pulse.
- the same active substance in which the release takes place in more than one, preferably in two pulses after a corresponding delay of two periods, the same active substance can be released in both pulses This is then, for example preferred if several peaks of cholesterol biosynthesis are to be inhibited by a single administration of the drug.
- an HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor which, like fluvastatin, has a low level in a first pulse Ehminations half-life
- an HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor such as atorvastatin
- atorvastatin which has a long Ehminations Half-life and which is preferably only released when the HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor with a short Ehminations Half-life has been substantially removed from the organism, and which then sets a largely constant active ingredient level.
- release the HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor with the long priming half-life in a first pulse which then provides a basic level of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor in the blood, to that in a second pulse an HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor with a short Release half-life is released, which is then to intercept individual peaks in cholesterol biosynthesis.
- an HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor which, like fluvastatin, has a low level in a first
- an HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor in a first pulse and another active ingredient, for example an active ingredient from the fibrate class or, preferably, an active ingredient from the in a second pulse Class of fibrates and in a second pulse to administer an HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor
- the active substances according to the invention are active substances which lower the cholesterol level in the blood; an active substance from the class of fibrates is preferred.
- conventional HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors are particularly preferred, some of which are described, for example, in EP-A 465 096.
- the HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors that are to be administered with the medicaments according to the invention are preferably statins, in particular fluvastatin, simvastatin, atorvastatin, pravastatin, cerivastatin, nisvastatin, dolvastatin, bervastatin, rosuvastatin and lovastatin, their enantiomers or enantiomers as well as pharmaceutically acceptable salts, solvates and hydrates of these compounds.
- statins in particular fluvastatin, simvastatin, atorvastatin, pravastatin, cerivastatin, nisvastatin, dolvastatin, bervastatin, rosuvastatin and lovastatin, their enantiomers or enantiomers as well as pharmaceutically acceptable salts, solvates and hydrates of these compounds.
- statins in particular fluvastatin, simvastatin, atorvastatin, pra
- a medicament for oral administration which is either in tablet form or in the form of a conventional capsule or in which the individual units are offered in useful primary packaging materials which permit individual dosage.
- the medicinal product can consist, for example, of a multiplicity of pellets or microtablets, which are then compressed into a tablet, or filled into a soft or hard gelatin capsule. If the release takes place via an explosion system, it is possible that the individual pellets or microtablets are coated, for example, with a water-insoluble layer and contain a swelling agent, or that the finished capsule or the compressed tablet is coated with such a water-insoluble layer.
- the swellable substance can either be present in each individual microtablet or each individual pellet (in the core and / or an envelope), or in an envelope of the tablet or the capsule.
- a monolithic pharmaceutical form for example a uniform tablet which, in the case of an explosion system, comprises a water-insoluble but water-permeable layer below which the active ingredient and the swelling agent, as well as other customary auxiliaries and additives, as explained above, either in Mixture or are applied in different layers.
- a monolithic pharmaceutical form for example a uniform tablet which, in the case of an explosion system, comprises a water-insoluble but water-permeable layer below which the active ingredient and the swelling agent, as well as other customary auxiliaries and additives, as explained above, either in Mixture or are applied in different layers.
- Another possibility is to apply an erodible outer layer to a drug-containing drug form, which slowly erodes in the gastrointestinal tract and only releases the active ingredient after complete erosion. Erosion can be achieved either by aqueous stripping or by enzymatic degradation. This principle is described, for example, in Matsuo et al., Int. J. Pharm. 138 (1996), pages 225-235 and in Gazzaniga et al., Eur. J. Pharm. Biopharm. 40 (1994), pages 246-250 and also preferred according to the invention.
- the time-controlled opening of a closure of an insoluble capsule is also possible.
- a conventional capsule can be closed with a special closure system, which is pressed out in a time-controlled manner by swelling or volume expansion of the contents of the capsule after a certain time, or is eroded in a time-controlled manner or is broken down by enzymes in the digestive tract.
- a special closure system which is pressed out in a time-controlled manner by swelling or volume expansion of the contents of the capsule after a certain time, or is eroded in a time-controlled manner or is broken down by enzymes in the digestive tract.
- the delay time or dissolution rates are determined, e.g. in the European Pharmacopoeia in Chapter 2.9.3 "Active ingredient release from solid dosage forms” (EP 1997).
- a conventional release bath known as a “paddle apparatus” or so-called “basket” systems or even systems known as flow cells are preferably used. Comparable systems are also described in the US Pharmacopoeia.
- the proportion of the active ingredient released from the tested pharmaceutical form after certain periods of time can be determined either by sampling and subsequent analysis (e.g. UV-Vis or HPLC) or by using so-called “online systems”. In the latter, the analytical method used to determine the drug concentration is integrated in the release system.
- the release is determined in accordance with the requirements of the European Pharmacopoeia, Chapter 2.9.3 "Active ingredient release from solid dosage forms” (EP 1997), the pH value 7.4 and the stirring speed being 50 rpm.
- the pharmaceuticals according to the invention can be produced particularly preferably as follows. tablets
- Active ingredient preferably fluvastatin 33.3%
- wet granulation is used to produce granules from the active ingredient, lactose, microcrystalline cellulose and hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose. After drying, it is mixed with croscarmellose, magnesium stearate and highly disperse silica and made into tablets with e.g. 2 mm in diameter and a mass of e.g. 6 mg pressed.
- a subcoat is applied using the technology of powder layering, a polymer swelling strongly in contact with water (see above) as a powder (possibly with the addition of appropriate auxiliaries) and simultaneously with an aqueous binder solution (for example HPMC, povidone, HPC or other) moistened microtablets is applied with the aim of rounding off the web edges and at the same time applying a strongly swelling substance.
- aqueous binder solution for example HPMC, povidone, HPC or other
- the tablets of Figure 2 are coated with a water-insoluble film, e.g. is composed as follows:
- the preparation is either sprayed on organically or processed in water using conventional aqueous dispersions. Depending on the desired delay time, for example, 2 to 10 mg / cm 2 are applied. The delay time can be varied from 1 hour to 6 hours.
- Examples 2, 3, 7 and 8 are reference examples and comparative examples.
- Example 1 Production of microtablets with delayed release
- the following compounds are introduced and mixed in a conventional high-speed pharmaceutical mixer.
- the mixture is processed into granules with sufficient water by wet granulation. After drying in a rack drying cabinet or in another suitable apparatus, the granules are mixed with 100 g croscarmellose (swelling agent), 5 g Magnesium stearate and 5 g of highly disperse silica sieved through a 250 ⁇ m sieve and compressed into tablets. The tablets had a diameter of 2 mm and a mass of approx. 6 mg
- ethyl cellulose e.g. Hercules Aqualon type N14
- triethyl citrate 12.5 g
- talc hydroxypropyl cellulose Klucel EF (pore former) 25 g
- hydroxypropyl cellulose Klucel EF pore former 25 g
- the preparation is prepared in conventional pharmaceutical equipment as described above produced tablets sprayed with an intermediate layer are sprayed on.
- a layer is formed with a layer thickness of approximately 5 mg / cm 2 , indicated for the pure water-insoluble polymer ethyl cellulose
- the intermediate coating is applied using the powder coating technology as follows. 25 g of croscarmellose are mixed with 100 g of microcrystalline cellulose, 100 g of corn starch and 1.5 g of highly disperse silicon dioxide. It becomes a solution of 100 g. Povidone (e.g. Kollidon K25 BASF) produced in 1000 g water. The uncoated tablets are sprayed simultaneously with the powder mixture and the aqueous binder solution in a rotor processor equipped with a powder spray. This rounds off the edges of the web and applies a strongly swelling substance (croscarmellose).
- croscarmellose e.g. Kollidon K25 BASF
- micro-tablets prepared as above and provided with a water-soluble intermediate layer are coated with a water-insoluble film as described in Example 1, but the application is not carried out by spraying on an organic solution of the auxiliaries, but a purely aqueous dispersion is used
- a layer thickness of 6 mg / cm 2 is applied (calculated as pure polymer ethyl cellulose). Examples 7 to 11
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE10209979 | 2002-03-07 | ||
DE10209979A DE10209979A1 (de) | 2002-03-07 | 2002-03-07 | Arzneimittel mit Cholesterolspiegel-senkenden Wirkstoffen mit zeitverzögerter Wirkstofffreisetzung |
PCT/EP2003/002328 WO2003074034A1 (de) | 2002-03-07 | 2003-03-06 | Arzneimittel mit cholesterolspiegel-senkenden wirkstoffen mit zeitverzögerter wirkstofffreisetzung |
Publications (1)
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EP1480623A1 true EP1480623A1 (de) | 2004-12-01 |
Family
ID=27771068
Family Applications (1)
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EP03711936A Withdrawn EP1480623A1 (de) | 2002-03-07 | 2003-03-06 | Arzneimittel mit cholesterolspiegel-senkenden wirkstoffen mit zeitverzögerter wirkstofffreisetzung |
Country Status (11)
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US (1) | US20050203186A1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1480623A1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP2005526739A (de) |
AU (1) | AU2003218701A1 (de) |
BR (1) | BR0308229A (de) |
CA (1) | CA2478425A1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE10209979A1 (de) |
NO (1) | NO20044132L (de) |
PL (1) | PL372720A1 (de) |
RU (1) | RU2004127193A (de) |
WO (1) | WO2003074034A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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EP1563837A1 (de) * | 2004-02-03 | 2005-08-17 | Ferrer Internacional, S.A. | Hypocholesterolämische Zusammensetzungen enthaltend ein Statin und ein Antiflatulenzmittel |
CA2568542A1 (en) * | 2004-05-27 | 2005-12-08 | Dexcel Pharma Technologies Ltd. | Localized controlled absorption of statins in the gastrointestinal tract for achieving high blood levels of statins |
DK1781265T3 (da) * | 2004-08-25 | 2010-08-02 | Essentialis Inc | Farmaceutiske formuleringer af kalium ATP-kanal-åbnere og anvendelser deraf |
US20090196889A1 (en) * | 2004-11-22 | 2009-08-06 | Dexcel Pharma Technologies Ltd. | Controlled absorption of statins in the intestine |
FR2891459B1 (fr) * | 2005-09-30 | 2007-12-28 | Flamel Technologies Sa | Microparticules a liberation modifiee d'au moins un principe actif et forme galenique orale en comprenant |
AU2006335153B2 (en) | 2006-01-05 | 2012-03-15 | Essentialis, Inc. | Salts of potassium ATP channel openers and uses thereof |
US7427414B2 (en) * | 2006-01-18 | 2008-09-23 | Astron Research Limited | Modified release oral dosage form using co-polymer of polyvinyl acetate |
EP1825848A3 (de) * | 2006-02-10 | 2010-03-03 | Stada Arzneimittel Ag | Stabile pharmazeutische Zusammensetzungen umfassend einen HMG-CoA-Reduktase Inhibitor |
DE102006006532B4 (de) * | 2006-02-10 | 2007-11-08 | Biogenerics Pharma Gmbh | Pharmazeutische Zubereitung |
EP1818050A1 (de) * | 2006-02-10 | 2007-08-15 | Stada Arzneimittel Ag | Stabile pharmazeutische Zusammensetzungen umfassend einen HMG-CoA-Reduktase Inhibitor |
FR2904225B1 (fr) * | 2006-07-28 | 2010-08-13 | Bouchara Recordati | Compositions pharmaceutiques de substances actives difficilement detournables de la voie d'administration a laquelle elles sont destinees |
CN101795691A (zh) * | 2007-07-02 | 2010-08-04 | 伊森舍丽斯有限公司 | 钾atp通道开放剂的盐及其用途 |
MX2010008466A (es) * | 2008-01-30 | 2010-10-25 | Lupin Ltd | Formulaciones de liberación modificada de inhibidores de 3-hidroxi-3-metilglutaril-coenzima a reductasa. |
KR101298788B1 (ko) * | 2011-03-15 | 2013-08-22 | 보령제약 주식회사 | 안정성이 개선된 복합제제 |
AR089765A1 (es) * | 2012-01-23 | 2014-09-17 | Bayer Oy | Un sistema para el suministro de un farmaco |
Family Cites Families (11)
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US4780319A (en) * | 1985-07-08 | 1988-10-25 | Merck & Co., Inc. | Organic acids as catalysts for the erosion of polymers |
GB8518301D0 (en) * | 1985-07-19 | 1985-08-29 | Fujisawa Pharmaceutical Co | Hydrodynamically explosive systems |
US4915954A (en) * | 1987-09-03 | 1990-04-10 | Alza Corporation | Dosage form for delivering a drug at two different rates |
US5229131A (en) * | 1990-02-05 | 1993-07-20 | University Of Michigan | Pulsatile drug delivery system |
US5422121A (en) * | 1990-11-14 | 1995-06-06 | Rohm Gmbh | Oral dosage unit form |
DE9015551U1 (de) * | 1990-11-14 | 1992-03-12 | Roehm Gmbh, 6100 Darmstadt, De | |
US5358502A (en) * | 1993-02-25 | 1994-10-25 | Pfizer Inc | PH-triggered osmotic bursting delivery devices |
US5916595A (en) * | 1997-12-12 | 1999-06-29 | Andrx Pharmaceutials, Inc. | HMG co-reductase inhibitor |
US20020169145A1 (en) * | 1998-10-14 | 2002-11-14 | Rajen Shah | Sustained release pharmaceutical composition and method of releasing pharmaceutically active agent |
DE10012555A1 (de) * | 2000-03-15 | 2001-09-20 | Merck Patent Gmbh | Glucocorticoide in einer Modified Release-Formulierung |
US6761895B2 (en) * | 2000-04-17 | 2004-07-13 | Yamanouchi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. | Drug delivery system for averting pharmacokinetic drug interaction and method thereof |
-
2002
- 2002-03-07 DE DE10209979A patent/DE10209979A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2003
- 2003-03-06 EP EP03711936A patent/EP1480623A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2003-03-06 JP JP2003572554A patent/JP2005526739A/ja active Pending
- 2003-03-06 PL PL03372720A patent/PL372720A1/xx not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2003-03-06 CA CA002478425A patent/CA2478425A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-03-06 WO PCT/EP2003/002328 patent/WO2003074034A1/de not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2003-03-06 US US10/506,583 patent/US20050203186A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-03-06 AU AU2003218701A patent/AU2003218701A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-03-06 RU RU2004127193/15A patent/RU2004127193A/ru not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2003-03-06 BR BR0308229-6A patent/BR0308229A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
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2004
- 2004-09-29 NO NO20044132A patent/NO20044132L/no not_active Application Discontinuation
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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See references of WO03074034A1 * |
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BR0308229A (pt) | 2004-12-28 |
JP2005526739A (ja) | 2005-09-08 |
NO20044132L (no) | 2004-09-29 |
RU2004127193A (ru) | 2005-09-10 |
CA2478425A1 (en) | 2003-09-12 |
WO2003074034A1 (de) | 2003-09-12 |
DE10209979A1 (de) | 2003-09-25 |
US20050203186A1 (en) | 2005-09-15 |
AU2003218701A1 (en) | 2003-09-16 |
PL372720A1 (en) | 2005-07-25 |
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