EP1475128A1 - Inertgasfeuerlöschsystem und Feuerlöschverfahren - Google Patents

Inertgasfeuerlöschsystem und Feuerlöschverfahren Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1475128A1
EP1475128A1 EP04001631A EP04001631A EP1475128A1 EP 1475128 A1 EP1475128 A1 EP 1475128A1 EP 04001631 A EP04001631 A EP 04001631A EP 04001631 A EP04001631 A EP 04001631A EP 1475128 A1 EP1475128 A1 EP 1475128A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
oxygen
room
extinguishing
fire
threshold value
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP04001631A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1475128B1 (de
Inventor
Filippo Moscatelli
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
GASTEC-VESTA S.R.L.
Original Assignee
VESTA Srl
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
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Application filed by VESTA Srl filed Critical VESTA Srl
Publication of EP1475128A1 publication Critical patent/EP1475128A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1475128B1 publication Critical patent/EP1475128B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • A62C99/0009—Methods of extinguishing or preventing the spread of fire by cooling down or suffocating the flames
    • A62C99/0018—Methods of extinguishing or preventing the spread of fire by cooling down or suffocating the flames using gases or vapours that do not support combustion, e.g. steam, carbon dioxide
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C3/00—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
    • A62C3/02—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places for area conflagrations, e.g. forest fires, subterranean fires
    • A62C3/0271—Detection of area conflagration fires

Definitions

  • the present invention refers to an inert gas fire-fighting apparatus and a relative method for extinguishing fires.
  • Total flooding technology is based on the introduction of inert gas into the room involved in the fire.
  • the inert gas saturates the environment of the room causing the percentage of oxygen to decrease in such a manner as to cause the self-extinguishing of the fire.
  • the amount of inert extinguishing gas contained in the cylinders is such as to ensure both that the fire is extinguished and that people can remain in the room. In fact, it is necessary to ensure that, after release of the extinguishing gas contained in the cylinders, a volume percentage of residual oxygen of about 12% is maintained in the room. This percentage of oxygen is sufficient to ensure both that the fire is extinguished and that people present in the room can breathe properly.
  • Said actuation means causes total discharge of the extinguishing agent contained in the cylinders until they are completely emptied, without any possibility of intercepting or interrupting release.
  • Total flooding fire-fighting apparatuses are conventionally designed and sized taking into account the overall volume of the room, without considering the furnishings and/or the volume of the material to be protected.
  • the furnishings and the goods to be protected can occupy such a volume as to reduce substantially the gross volume of the room causing, in the event of fire, an excessive concentration of extinguishing agent and, consequently, a reduction in the residual oxygen, which proves insufficient for people present in the room to breathe.
  • the leakage of extinguishing gas due to wear on the seals of casings is such that the amount of extinguishing agent released into the room to be protected is insufficient to extinguish the fire.
  • the object of the present invention is to overcome the drawbacks of the prior art by providing an inert gas fire-fighting apparatus and a relative method for extinguishing fires able to maintain a substantially constant residual percentage of oxygen when the volume to be flooded or the planned concentrations of the extinguishing agent varies.
  • the inert gas fire-fighting apparatus comprises:
  • the peculiar characteristic of the invention is represented by the fact that the fire-fighting apparatus further comprises:
  • FIG. 1 diagrammatically illustrates a fire-fighting apparatus according to the invention, indicated as a whole with reference numeral 100.
  • the fire-fighting apparatus 100 is applied to a room 1, illustrated by way of example as a closed, parallelepiped shaped room.
  • the room 1 is provided with an access door 2 in the front wall and can be provided with windows (not shown) in the side walls.
  • Each cylinder 10 contains an inert gas, such as argon, for example, able to saturate the air, so as to lower the content of oxygen in order to cause extinguishing of the fire.
  • an inert gas such as argon, for example, able to saturate the air, so as to lower the content of oxygen in order to cause extinguishing of the fire.
  • each cylinder 10 there is mounted a fast-opening discharge valve 20, able to open/close the communication between the inside of the cylinder 10 and an exit or discharge mouth 21 thereof.
  • a discharge valve 20 is described in detail in European patent application No. 02425312.2 in the name of the same applicant and incorporated herein as a reference.
  • each valve 20 is connected to respective flexible hoses 11.
  • the hoses 11 are connected to a manifold 12 which branches off into a plurality of branch pipes or ducts 13 disposed in the roof of the room 1.
  • a plurality of discharge nozzles 14 disposed beneath the roof of the room and able to release the inert gas coming from the cylinders 10 inside the room 1.
  • a line switch 15 is installed, which signals the flow of gas towards the discharge nozzles 14 in the event of actuation of the valves 20 of the cylinders.
  • a plurality of smoke detectors 6 able to detect the presence of smoke inside the room 1 is applied to the inside facing surface of the roof of the room 1. Even if four smoke detectors 6 are shown in Figure 1, the number of these detectors can vary according to the volume to be controlled.
  • the smoke detectors 6 are preferably disposed on the roof in a high position, since the smoke developed by fire tends to rise upwards.
  • the smoke detectors 6 are operatively connected to a fire detecting/extinguishing station 7 disposed in a wall of the room 1 and accessible to an operator.
  • the smoke detectors 6 are connected to the detecting/extinguishing station 7 by means of electrical cables 60 able to convey a control signal to the station 7 in response to the detection of smoke by the detectors 6.
  • An alarm push-button 8 with an electric/manual switch and an acoustic/optical alarm 9 are connected to the detecting/extinguishing station 7 by means of respective electrical cables 80 and 90.
  • the push-button 8 is disposed in a wall of the room 1, in a position accessible to the user. In this manner, in the event of fire the user can operate the push-button 8 to send a control signal indicating a fire alarm to the station 7 through the electrical line 80.
  • the alarm 9 is disposed in a wall of the room 1 in a position visible to the user.
  • the station 7 receives a control signal indicating a fire from the smoke detectors 6 and/or from the alarm push-button 8, it sends a control signal by means of the electrical line 90 to the alarm 9, which gives out an acoustic and/or an optical alarm signal.
  • the detecting/extinguishing station 7 is connected, by means of the electrical line 70, to the actuating apparatus of the discharge valves 20 of the cylinders 10 to control discharge of the extinguishing gas.
  • the electrical line 70 coming from the station 7 is connected to a solenoid valve 22 installed in the discharge valve 20 of a pilot cylinder 10, that is to say, of the first cylinder of the bank of cylinders 10.
  • the solenoid valve 22 has an outlet 23 communicating with the inside of the cylinder 10 and a gate pin which opens/closes the outlet 23. This gate pin is moved by a solenoid actuator controlled by a control signal coming from the station 7 through the electrical line 70.
  • oxygen sensors 4 able to detect accurately the percentage volume of oxygen contained in the room 1.
  • the oxygen sensors 4 can be three in number, for example, situated in various positions in the room 1.
  • the oxygen sensors 4 are connected, by means of an electrical line 40, to an oxygen detection station 3, which is situated in a wall of the room 1.
  • the oxygen detection station 3 is connected, by means of an electrical line 30, to an apparatus for closing the discharge valves 20 of the bank of cylinders.
  • the electrical line 30 sends a control signal from the oxygen detection station 3 to a second solenoid valve 5 installed on the pilot discharge valve 20 of the first cylinder 10 of the bank.
  • the oxygen sensor block 4 comprises:
  • the block of the oxygen detection station 3 comprises:
  • a minimum threshold value S min pre-set by the operator is stored in the memory 39.
  • the minimum threshold value S min is equal to a minimum percentage volume of oxygen.
  • S min is pre-set to a percentage volume value of oxygen comprised in a range of 12-14%, preferably between 12 - 13%.
  • a maximum threshold value S max pre-set by the operator is also optionally stored in the memory 39.
  • the maximum threshold value S max is equal to a maximum percentage volume of oxygen above which saturation of the air suitable to extinguish the flames of a fire cannot be guaranteed.
  • S max is pre-set to a percentage volume value of oxygen comprised in a range of 13 - 15 %, preferably between 13 - 14%.
  • a time interval T is optionally pre-set in the memory 39, sufficient to ensure that fire is extinguished completely when air saturated with an oxygen percentage of about 12% is maintained.
  • This time interval can be selected in a range from 5 to 15 minutes and preferably it is not less than 10 minutes.
  • the oxygen detection station 3 When discharge of the extinguishing gas is actuated, the oxygen detection station 3 is put into operation and acquires from the sensors 4 in real time, through the line 40, the data indicating the percentage volume of oxygen.
  • the CPU 38 processes the data acquired and compares them in real time with the minimum threshold value S min . If the value for the percentage volume of oxygen falls below S min the CPU 38, through the interface 37 and the line 30, sends a control signal to the second solenoid valve 5 to order closure thereof.
  • the CPU 38 sends another control signal to the second solenoid valve 5 through the interface 37 and the line 30 to order reopening thereof.
  • the oxygen detection station 3 is reset.
  • oxygen sensors 4 air sensors able to measure another component of air, such as nitrogen, carbon dioxide or argon, for example, could be used. Accordingly, said air sensors send the oxygen detection station 3 a signal indicating the air component measured. Thus the oxygen detection station 3 indirectly works out the percentage of oxygen contained in the room 1.
  • the oxygen detection station 3 has in its memory 39 a conversion table able to convert the percentage of the air component detected into a percentage of oxygen.
  • the second solenoid valve 5 comprises an inlet 51, an outlet 52 and a gate pin which opens/closes the communication between the inlet 51 and the outlet 52.
  • the gate pin is driven by a solenoid actuator controlled by a control signal coming from the oxygen detection station 3 through the electrical line 30.
  • the solenoid valve 5 can be a three-way valve and can therefore provide a third exhaust outlet 53 ( Figure 2) that serves for depressurization of the upper chamber of the piston of the discharge valve 20.
  • the discharge valves 20 of the cylinders 10 has a cover 24, at the top of which there is mounted a T-connector 25 communicating with the upper chamber of the plunger/gate pin of the respective discharge valve 20.
  • the outlet 52 of the second solenoid valve 5 is connected to the inlet of the T-connector 25 of the pilot valve.
  • the outlet of the T-connector 25 of the pilot valve is connected, by means of a hose 27, to the inlet of the T-connector 25 of the second valve and so on, so as to connect all the valves 20 of the bank of cylinders 10 in cascade.
  • the outlet of the T-connector 25 of the last cylinder 10 of the bank is closed by an exhaust valve 26.
  • the outlet of the first solenoid valve 22 is connected by means of a hose 28 to the inlet of a pneumatic actuator 29 installed in the discharge valve 20.
  • the pneumatic actuator 29 has a stem able to break a breakable disk inside the discharge valve 20 to allow the passage of gas inside a duct of the discharge valve 20.
  • the outlet of the pneumatic actuator 29 is connected by means of a flexible hose 56 to the inlet 51 of the second solenoid valve 5.
  • the first solenoid valve 22 of the pilot discharge valve 20 is normally closed, whilst the second solenoid valve 5 of the pilot discharge valve 20 is normally open.
  • the smoke detectors 6 When a fire or a fire beginning breaks out in room 1, the smoke detectors 6 detect the presence of smoke and, accordingly, they send an alarm signal to the detecting/extinguishing station 7 through the electrical lines 60. Generally, a first alarm signal is sent from a first detector 6 and a second confirmation alarm signal from a second detector 6.
  • a further alarm signal coming from the alarm push-button 8, operated by a user can reach the detecting/extinguishing station 7 through the electrical line 80.
  • the detecting/extinguishing station 7 sends a control signal to the acoustic/optical alarm 9 which gives off an acoustic or an optical alarm signal to warn people inside the room 1 of the danger of fire.
  • the detecting/extinguishing station 7 sends the first solenoid valve 22 of the pilot discharge valve 20 a control signal through the electrical line 70.
  • the solenoid actuator operates the gate pin of the first solenoid valve 22.
  • the first solenoid valve 22 which was normally closed, opens and the gas inside the first cylinder 10 passes through the first solenoid valve 22 and the hose 28 and reaches the pneumatic actuator 29.
  • the gas operates the steam of the pneumatic actuator 29, which breaks the breakable disk inside the discharge valve 20 allowing the passage of gas.
  • the gate pins of all the discharge valves 20 are operated in cascade and discharge of the extinguishing gas from the discharge mouths 21 of all the cylinders of the bank takes place.
  • the extinguishing gas reaches the discharge nozzles 14 from which it exits, spreading in to the room 1.
  • the extinguishing gas spreads in the room 1, there is a gradual saturation of the oxygen contained in the room 1.
  • the percentage volume of oxygen in the room 1 begins to fall.
  • the oxygen sensors 4 continuously detect the percentage volume of oxygen present in the room 1 and, through the electrical line 40, send the oxygen detection station 3 data indicating the oxygen values detected.
  • the data indicating the percentage volume of oxygen coming from the oxygen sensors 4 is compared with the pre-set minimum threshold value S min .
  • the oxygen detection station 3 sends a control signal through the electrical line 30 to the solenoid actuator of the second solenoid valve 5.
  • the second solenoid valve 5 which was normally open, closes, cutting off the flow of gas which reaches the head of the valves 20 of the bank of cylinders through the T-connectors 25 and the hoses 27. Accordingly, the upper chamber of [each] piston of the discharge valves 20 is no longer pressurized and is depressurized by means of the second outlet 53 of the solenoid valve 5. Thus the discharge valves 20 close in cascade interrupting the discharge of gas. As a result, gas is no longer introduced into the room 1 and thus the percentage volume of oxygen does not fall beneath the minimum threshold value S min avoiding risks for people remaining in the room 1.
  • the oxygen detection station 3 sends a control signal to the solenoid actuator of the solenoid valve 5 which closes the depressurisation outlet 53 and opens again the connection between the inlet 51 and the outlet 52, ordering discharge in cascade of all valves of the cylinders. Extinguishing gas is then introduced into the room 1 again, causing the volume percentage of oxygen to fall again.
  • the volume percentage of oxygen in the room 1 remains at a substantially constant value in the range between S min - S max . In this manner, complete extinguishing of the fire and at the same time maximum safety of the operators breathing the air contained in the room 1 is ensured.
  • the oxygen detection station 3 is re-set to be ready for a new operating cycle.
  • the fire-fighting apparatus according to the invention proves particularly suitable to be applied to rooms destined to hold particularly bulky objects, apparatuses and furniture that considerably affect the volume of air contained in the room with respect to an empty room.
  • the fire detecting/extinguishing station 7 and the oxygen detection station 3 are connected to the respective detector means (6, 4) and to the respective actuator means (22, 5) by means of electrical wiring.
  • electrical wiring instead of an electrical wiring, a wireless type connection can be provided.
  • first solenoid valve 22 is installed in the pilot discharge valve 20 and the second solenoid valve 5 is mounted on top of the pilot valve.
  • first solenoid valve 22 can be replaced with generic actuator means able to actuate discharge of the gas contained in the cylinders 10 and the second solenoid valve can be replaced with generic actuator means able to open/close the flow of gas from the cylinders 10 to the discharge nozzles 14.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Ecology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Fire-Extinguishing By Fire Departments, And Fire-Extinguishing Equipment And Control Thereof (AREA)
  • Fire-Extinguishing Compositions (AREA)
EP04001631A 2003-05-08 2004-01-27 Inertgasfeuerlöschsystem und Feuerlöschverfahren Expired - Lifetime EP1475128B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ITMI20030925 2003-05-08
IT000925A ITMI20030925A1 (it) 2003-05-08 2003-05-08 Impianto antincendio a gas inerte e relativo metodo per lo spegnimento di incendi

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1475128A1 true EP1475128A1 (de) 2004-11-10
EP1475128B1 EP1475128B1 (de) 2012-03-21

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ID=32983226

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EP04001631A Expired - Lifetime EP1475128B1 (de) 2003-05-08 2004-01-27 Inertgasfeuerlöschsystem und Feuerlöschverfahren

Country Status (4)

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EP (1) EP1475128B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE550079T1 (de)
ES (1) ES2381041T3 (de)
IT (1) ITMI20030925A1 (de)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1683548A1 (de) * 2005-01-21 2006-07-26 Amrona AG Inertisierungsverfahren zur Brandvermeidung
EP1930048A1 (de) * 2006-12-08 2008-06-11 Amrona AG Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum geregelten Zuführen von Zuluft
CN102270371A (zh) * 2010-06-03 2011-12-07 基德科技公司 烟雾侦测系统
WO2018130642A1 (en) * 2017-01-12 2018-07-19 Fire Eater A/S Sensor-based fire inerting gas system
CN110087742A (zh) * 2016-12-20 2019-08-02 开利公司 用于封闭体的防火系统以及用于封闭体的防火方法
CN110227221A (zh) * 2019-07-05 2019-09-13 安徽鑫思诚科技有限公司 一种用于电动车锂电池箱的智能灭火装置
JP2022025535A (ja) * 2020-07-29 2022-02-10 株式会社初田製作所 電線接続機構及び電線の接続方法、並びに消火設備及び消火方法
CN114191750A (zh) * 2021-12-02 2022-03-18 国网湖南省电力有限公司 锂电池储能系统钝化灭火抑爆系统及方法

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6257341B1 (en) * 1998-09-22 2001-07-10 Joseph Michael Bennett Compact affordable inert gas fire extinguishing system
US20020040940A1 (en) 1998-03-18 2002-04-11 Wagner Ernst Werner Inerting method and apparatus for preventing and extinguishing fires in enclosed spaces
US20020139542A1 (en) * 2001-04-02 2002-10-03 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme A Directoire Et Conseil De Surveillance Pour L'etude Et L'exploita Process and installation for fighting a fire in an aircraft compartment and aircraft equipped with such an installation
EP1312392A1 (de) 2001-11-15 2003-05-21 Wagner Alarm- und Sicherungssysteme GmbH Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Löschen von Bränden in Tunneln

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20020040940A1 (en) 1998-03-18 2002-04-11 Wagner Ernst Werner Inerting method and apparatus for preventing and extinguishing fires in enclosed spaces
US6257341B1 (en) * 1998-09-22 2001-07-10 Joseph Michael Bennett Compact affordable inert gas fire extinguishing system
US20020139542A1 (en) * 2001-04-02 2002-10-03 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme A Directoire Et Conseil De Surveillance Pour L'etude Et L'exploita Process and installation for fighting a fire in an aircraft compartment and aircraft equipped with such an installation
EP1312392A1 (de) 2001-11-15 2003-05-21 Wagner Alarm- und Sicherungssysteme GmbH Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Löschen von Bränden in Tunneln

Cited By (20)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8517116B2 (en) 2005-01-21 2013-08-27 Amrona Ag Inertization method for preventing fires
WO2006076936A1 (de) * 2005-01-21 2006-07-27 Amrona Ag Inertisierungsverfahren zur brandvermeidung
CN101102820A (zh) * 2005-01-21 2008-01-09 艾摩罗那股份公司 防火惰化方法
EP1683548A1 (de) * 2005-01-21 2006-07-26 Amrona AG Inertisierungsverfahren zur Brandvermeidung
EP1930048A1 (de) * 2006-12-08 2008-06-11 Amrona AG Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum geregelten Zuführen von Zuluft
WO2008068076A1 (de) * 2006-12-08 2008-06-12 Amrona Ag Verfahren und vorrichtung zum geregelten zuführen von zuluft
US7717776B2 (en) 2006-12-08 2010-05-18 Amrona Ag Method and apparatus for supplying additional air in a controlled manner
CN102270371B (zh) * 2010-06-03 2015-02-25 基德科技公司 烟雾侦测系统
GB2480862B (en) * 2010-06-03 2013-02-13 Kidde Tech Inc Smoke detection system
GB2480862A (en) * 2010-06-03 2011-12-07 Graviner Ltd Kidde Smoke detector system comprising a smoke detector sensor and an oxygen sensor
CN102270371A (zh) * 2010-06-03 2011-12-07 基德科技公司 烟雾侦测系统
CN110087742A (zh) * 2016-12-20 2019-08-02 开利公司 用于封闭体的防火系统以及用于封闭体的防火方法
US11376458B2 (en) 2016-12-20 2022-07-05 Carrier Corporation Fire protection system for an enclosure and method of fire protection for an enclosure
US11738224B2 (en) 2016-12-20 2023-08-29 Carrier Corporation Fire protection system for an enclosure and method of fire protection for an enclosure
WO2018130642A1 (en) * 2017-01-12 2018-07-19 Fire Eater A/S Sensor-based fire inerting gas system
CN110227221A (zh) * 2019-07-05 2019-09-13 安徽鑫思诚科技有限公司 一种用于电动车锂电池箱的智能灭火装置
CN110227221B (zh) * 2019-07-05 2023-12-29 安徽鑫思诚科技有限公司 一种用于电动车锂电池箱的智能灭火装置
JP2022025535A (ja) * 2020-07-29 2022-02-10 株式会社初田製作所 電線接続機構及び電線の接続方法、並びに消火設備及び消火方法
JP7386532B2 (ja) 2020-07-29 2023-11-27 株式会社初田製作所 電線接続機構及び電線の接続方法、並びに消火設備及び消火方法
CN114191750A (zh) * 2021-12-02 2022-03-18 国网湖南省电力有限公司 锂电池储能系统钝化灭火抑爆系统及方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ITMI20030925A1 (it) 2004-11-09
ATE550079T1 (de) 2012-04-15
ES2381041T3 (es) 2012-05-22
EP1475128B1 (de) 2012-03-21

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