EP1474350A1 - Steuervorrichtung für einen hydraulischen aufzug - Google Patents
Steuervorrichtung für einen hydraulischen aufzugInfo
- Publication number
- EP1474350A1 EP1474350A1 EP03700307A EP03700307A EP1474350A1 EP 1474350 A1 EP1474350 A1 EP 1474350A1 EP 03700307 A EP03700307 A EP 03700307A EP 03700307 A EP03700307 A EP 03700307A EP 1474350 A1 EP1474350 A1 EP 1474350A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- pressure
- control
- input
- controller
- control device
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
- B66B1/00—Control systems of elevators in general
- B66B1/24—Control systems with regulation, i.e. with retroactive action, for influencing travelling speed, acceleration, or deceleration
Definitions
- the invention relates to a control device for a hydraulic elevator according to the preamble of claim 1.
- a control device for a hydraulic elevator is known from WO 98/34868 AI and the resulting US-A-6, 142,259.
- the motor and the valve unit driving the hydraulic pump can be controlled by the control device via a frequency converter.
- This control device is able to regulate the movement of the cabin.
- the control device is designed in such a way that either the control valve unit or the power supply part for the motor of the hydraulic pump is controlled. In those phases of operation in which the
- Control valve unit is not acted regulating, the total energy expenditure is lower, because in the control valve unit no energy previously applied by the pump and motor unit is destroyed again. The total energy expenditure is therefore less. However, it is necessary for the cabin to approach the next stopping point at a significantly lower speed, the so-called creep speed, after the normal travel.
- a control device which enables precise direct entry, that is, does away with creep speed.
- the control device acts on a valve arrangement. While the vehicle is accelerating and traveling at nominal speed, the cabin is not regulated, but only controlled. When the stopping position is approached, the cabin is controlled in the deceleration phase according to a certain algorithm.
- the generated control command acts on the control valve arrangement, which contains two throttle valves. The energy requirement of such a drive is thus higher than in the subject of WO 98/34868 AI, because the hydraulic energy generated by a pump by means of a motor is partially uselessly destroyed in these throttle valves.
- a hydraulic elevator is known from DE-Al-196 01 724, the control device for the working cylinder of which has a position controller, a pressure controller and a speed controller.
- the position controller acts on the one hand directly on a variable displacement pump and on the other hand on the speed and pressure regulator, both of which are also acted upon by other elements of the control device, so that a complex control algorithm results.
- the pressure regulator or the speed regulator acts on a proportional valve, which is important for controlling the flow of the hydraulic oil. At the moment of switching, discontinuities in the control cannot be ruled out.
- the flow of the hydraulic oil is also influenced by the variable displacement pump.
- Hydraulic lifts can show the disadvantage, due to various circumstances, that the hydraulic system tends to vibrate, which can make the user of such lifts noticeable as vibrations.
- vibrations can arise, for example, from changes in friction in the hydraulic system, which can then be increased by the compressibility of the hydraulic oil or by resonances.
- the invention has for its object to provide a control device which eliminates these disadvantages.
- Fig. 2 is a diagram of a control and regulating device
- Fig. 3 shows such a scheme with advantageous features.
- the reference numeral 1 denotes a car of an elevator, which can be moved by a hydraulic drive 2.
- the power transmission from the hydraulic drive 2 to the cabin 1 takes place in a known manner by means of a rope 3, which is deflected via a roller 5 attached to the hydraulic drive 2.
- One end of the rope 3 is fastened to a part of the building 4, but can also be attached to the part not shown
- Guide rails for the cabin 1 may be attached.
- Known deviating arrangements of rope 3 and rollers 5 are possible, as are differently designed hydraulic drives, such as pull and push cylinders.
- FIG. 1 shows only one example. Also The direct drive of the cabin 1 by the hydraulic drive, as shown for example in WO 98/34868 AI, is possible.
- the hydraulic drive 2 consists of a cylinder 6, in which a piston 8 fastened to a piston rod 7 can be moved.
- the end of the piston rod 7 opposite the piston 8 carries the roller 5.
- the interior of the cylinder 6 is divided by the piston 8 into a first pressure chamber 9 and a second pressure chamber 10.
- the drive 2 of the exemplary embodiment shown is a so-called plunger cylinder, in which the two pressure chambers 9 and 10 are connected. So there is no seal on the piston 8 against the inner wall of the cylinder 6. At the point where the piston rod 7 emerges from the hydraulic drive 2, there is a seal so that the pressure chamber 10 is sealed.
- the hydraulically effective cross section corresponds to the cross section of the piston rod 7.
- a cylinder line 11 is connected to the first pressure chamber 9 and connects this pressure chamber 9 to a cylinder line shut-off valve 12.
- This cylinder line shut-off valve 12 is an electrically controllable OPEN-CLOSE valve, for example a solenoid valve.
- the cylinder line shutoff valve 12, on the other hand, is connected to a pump 13, which is driven by an electric motor 14.
- a storage line shut-off valve 15 is connected, which is also an electrically controllable OPEN-CLOSE valve.
- This storage line shut-off valve 15 is followed by a storage line 16 which leads to a pressure accumulator 17 which consists of at least one pressure accumulator 17.1.
- a further pressure accumulator 17.2 is shown, which is connected in parallel to the first pressure accumulator 17.1.
- the number of pressure accumulators 17.1, 17.2, 17.n contained in the pressure accumulator 17 depends, for example, on the required storage volume, which is related to the maximum distance to be covered by the cabin 1. The greater the maximum possible path, the more pressure accumulators 17.1, 17.2, 17.n are contained in the pressure accumulator 17. Both bladder accumulators and piston accumulators can be considered as pressure accumulators 17.
- a branch of the storage line 16 leads to a charge pump 18 which is driven by an electric motor 19.
- the charge pump 18 is also a
- Tank line 20 connected to a tank 21. Hydraulic oil is by means of the charge pump 18 conveyable from the tank 21 into the pressure accumulator 17.
- the electric motor 19 driving the charge pump 18 is advantageously automatically controlled by a pressure switch 22.
- the pressure switch 22 rests on the storage line 16, thus detects its pressure, which is denoted by P s . If the pressure P s drops below a predetermined lower value, the pressure switch 22 switches the electric motor 19 on, so that the charging pump 18 then pumps hydraulic oil from the tank 21 into the pressure accumulator 17, as a result of which the pressure P s is increased until the pressure P s reaches a predetermined upper value, after which the charge pump 18 is then switched off again.
- the charge pump 18 must therefore only run when the pressure P s in the pressure accumulator 17 is too low.
- the pressure P s can drop on the one hand because of unavoidable leakage losses via the charge pump 18, and on the other hand due to a drop in the temperature of the hydraulic oil due to environmental influences. If the temperature of the hydraulic oil rises as a result of such environmental influences, the pressure P s increases . Since such a temperature increase never happens very quickly, it would not be necessary for this reason to provide a pressure relief valve between the pressure accumulator 17 and the tank 21, through which hydraulic oil increases in the pressure P s in the
- Tank 20 can be drained.
- the leakage losses of the charge pump 18 are sufficient in themselves to prevent the pressure P ⁇ from rising too high. Nevertheless, such a pressure relief valve can be present for safety reasons.
- a check valve 23 is advantageously arranged between the charge pump 18 and the pressure accumulator 17. This check valve 23 prevents leakage through the charge pump 18. Then the already mentioned pressure relief valve is definitely necessary.
- Other safety-relevant system parts such as pipe rupture protection and emergency drain are not drawn and described because such elements are not relevant with regard to the essence of the invention.
- the predetermined values at which the pressure switch 22 switches the electric motor 19 on or off can be changeable by a control and regulating device 25.
- a pressure P z prevails in the cylinder line 11, which corresponds to the pressure in the first pressure chamber 9 of the hydraulic drive 2. This pressure correlates with the load of the cabin 1.
- the pressure difference P s - P z or P z - P s can be negative, so that the pump 13 is then driven by the pressure difference in turn.
- the motor 14 can act as a generator, as is already known.
- the motor 14 is operated in a known manner by a power controller 24, which is a frequency converter, for example.
- the power controller 24 is controlled by the control and regulating device 25, which in turn receives commands from an elevator control system, not shown here. Only one control line 26 is shown, via which the commands are transmitted from the control panels of the elevator system to the control and regulating device 25.
- the cylinder line shutoff valve 12 and the storage line shutoff valve 15, both controllable by the control and regulating device 25, are closed. They are therefore not activated when the cabin 1 is at a standstill.
- the control device 25 opens the cylinder line shut-off valve 12 and the storage line shut-off valve 15 and the motor 14 operates in its first direction of rotation so that the pump 13 hydraulic oil from the pressure chamber 9 into the pressure accumulator 17 calls.
- the pressure difference P s - Pz- acts on the pump 13. At the same time, this means that electrical energy for operating the motor 14 only has to be used as long as the pressure P z is less than the pressure P s . Because a control valve is dispensable, a corresponding one is created
- tank 21 can be small. It actually only serves to absorb a differential amount of hydraulic oil that corresponds to the leakage losses. These leakage losses can flow through a leakage line 30 into the tank 21.
- the pressure P z in the cylinder line 11 can be detected with the aid of a load pressure sensor 31. It is transmitted to the control and regulating device 25.
- the pressure switch 22 already mentioned evaluates the pressure Ps in the storage line 16.
- the pressure switch 22 also contains the functionality of a pressure sensor.
- the pressure in the storage line 16 determined by him is also transmitted to the control and regulating device 25.
- the control and regulating device 25 thus knows the two pressures P z and Ps and is thus able to take these pressures into account when controlling or regulating the elevator.
- the hydraulic circuit described has the remarkable advantage that no proportional pilot-controllable valve is required to operate the hydraulic elevator is. Many conventional hydraulic elevator systems have separate pilot-controllable valves for ascending and descending. This solution avoids this effort.
- the control chain is therefore also very simple and clear, because the speed of the cabin 1 is controlled or regulated only by means of a single element, namely by means of the motor 14.
- the pressure has decreased because of the hydraulic oil flowing into the tank 21 via the leakage line 30, in the extreme case almost completely, so that only a pressure prevails within the pump 13 and at its two connections to the cylinder line shut-off valve 12 and the storage line shut-off valve 15 which is hardly different from the atmospheric pressure.
- the cylinder line shutoff valve 12 and the storage line shutoff valve 15 are closed and the electric motor 14 of the pump 13 is at a standstill. If the cabin 1 is to be set in motion, the electric motor 14 of the pump 13 is controlled in a first process step in such a way that it builds up pressure at the pump-side connection of the storage line shut-off valve 15. This pressure build-up occurs in that motor 14 and pump 13 rotate slowly in the direction of rotation that hydraulic oil is requested in the direction of the storage line shut-off valve 15. However, the required amount of hydraulic oil is minimal because the cylinder line shutoff valve 12 and the accumulator line shutoff valve 15 are closed. Nevertheless, the desired pressure build-up takes place.
- the motor 14 is driven only for a very short time. This time period is referred to as the first compensation time t A i. It has been shown that a running time of approximately 100 to 300 msec at a reduced speed n red is sufficient to build up a pressure which corresponds approximately to the pressure Ps in the storage line 16. If the storage line shut-off valve 15 is now opened in a second method step, there is no sudden pressure change, so that the problem described above does not exist when the storage line shut-off valve 15 is opened.
- the motor 14 and thus the pump 13 are stopped again.
- the motor 14 remains magnetized, which is achieved by the control device 25 being appropriately controlled by the power controller 24.
- the pump 13 is thereby able to absorb torque without starting to rotate.
- the pressure Ps in the storage line 16 is present on the side of the pump 13 facing the storage line shut-off valve 15, while a more or is present on the side of the pump 13 facing the cylinder line shut-off valve 12 there is less undefined pressure, which was hardly different from the atmospheric pressure in the original starting state and was then reduced indefinitely by the running of the motors 14 for the duration of the compensation time ti.
- the length of time during which the motor 14 remains magnetized without rotating is referred to as the second compensation time t 2.
- the pressure difference between the two sides of the pump 13 can now decrease, which is a consequence of the internal leakage losses within the pump 13. It has been shown that this second compensation time 1 A2 should be approximately 200 msec.
- the pressure on the side of the cylinder line shutoff valve 12 facing the pump 13 now corresponds approximately to the pressure Ps in the storage line 16, while on the other side of the cylinder line shutoff valve 12 the pressure P z in the cylinder line 11 prevails.
- the compensation time t ⁇ can be approximately 200 msec, but is not really necessary.
- FIG. 2 shows an inventive scheme of the control and regulating device 25. It should be emphasized here that this embodiment according to the invention is very suitable with regard to the hydraulic circuit of FIG. 1, but is not limited to the application together with this hydraulic circuit. Rather, the control and regulating device 25 according to the invention can be used in all conceivable hydraulic circuits. If the movement control of the cabin 1 takes place without the cooperation of a control valve solely by the operation of the pump 13, then the control unit 25 alone controls the power controller 24.
- the control and regulating device 25 thus generates control commands for this power controller 24, with which the control or regulation of the travel of the cabin 1 then takes place alone.
- the previously mentioned elevator control which is now provided with the reference number 40, supplies the control and regulating device 25 with information about the destination via the control line 26.
- the control and regulating device 25 receives the information about the actual position of the cabin 1 (FIG. 1), specifically from a position encoder 41.
- This is advantageously an incremental encoder of high resolution, for example an absolute value encoder with a step size of 0.25 mm.
- the control and regulating device 25 receives information from the load pressure sensor 31.
- a control curve generator 45 and a speed sensor 46 are also part of the control and regulating device 25.
- the speed sensor 46 calculates the speed of the car 1 in a known manner from the change in the position of the cabin 1 over time.
- the drive curve generator 45 which at the same time controls the Control control includes, generates a target value for the position to be reached from the travel destination supplied by the elevator control 40.
- the power controller 24 is connected to the control and regulating device 25 and acts on the pump 13 (FIG. 1) via the electric motor 14 (FIG. 1). As already described, this controls the travel of the cabin 1 (FIG. 1).
- the control and regulating device 25 also controls the two switching valves, namely the cylinder line shutoff valve 12 and the storage line shutoff valve 15.
- the control and regulating device 25 contains a first controller 42 which regulates the travel of the cabin 1 (FIG. 1), that is to say regulates its position and speed.
- the controller 42 can consist of two individual sub-controllers 42.1 and 42.2, of which the first sub-controller 42.1 regulates the position of the cabin 1, for which purpose a current actual position value Pos lst from the position transmitter 41 and a position setpoint value from the driving curve generator 45 Poss o li are available.
- the second partial controller 42.2 controls the speed of the cabin 1.
- the output signal of the first partial controller 42.1, a value from the speed sensor 46 is provided Actual speed v st and the value of the target speed vs 0 available which is specified by the driving curve generator 45.
- the controller 42 delivers a control command for the power controller 24.
- a pressure controller 43 is connected between the output of the controller 42 and the power controller 24, at one input of which the control command of the controller 42 is present, at the second input of which there is the signal of the load pressure sensor 31, which is the current value of the pressure P z in the cylinder line 11 (Fig. 1) delivers, is present, and at its third input the value of the target acceleration bs 0 ⁇ is present, which comes from the driving curve generator 45.
- the pressure controller 43 generates an actuating command for the power controller 24.
- the pressure controller 43 changes the control command for the power controller 24 so that, in the event of a pressure drop, the speed of the motor 14 increases so much that the pressure rise is compensated for.
- FIG. 3 shows a detailed diagram of the control and regulating device 25, in which the same elements as shown in FIG. 2 are shown, and also a number of advantageous embodiments are shown.
- the basic structure of the regulator 42 and the downstream pressure regulator 43 is the same.
- the controller 42 generates an actuating command for the power controller 24 from the input values actual position value Pos st , position target value Poss o ii, actual speed v st and target speed V 0 0 in a manner not specified here, but, as already mentioned, this is not direct the power controller 24, but the pressure regulator 43 is supplied.
- the controller 42 is a PID controller that can be parameterized, which is indicated in FIG. 3 by an arrow Para.
- the parameter or parameters originate from the driving curve generator 45, where this value or these values are stored. This is indicated on the driving curve generator 45 by an arrow Para pointing outwards.
- the output signal of the controller 42 does not reach the input of the power controller 24 directly, but is fed to the pressure controller 43 as an input signal.
- the signal of the load pressure sensor 31 is present at the second input of the pressure regulator 43. This pressure is a measure of the actual value of the acceleration.
- the pressure controller 43 is also a parameterizable PID controller. At its "+" input the control command comes and at its "-" input the actual load pressure value p st , which comes from the load pressure sensor 31 and corresponds to the already mentioned pressure P z . From the control deviation between the actual load pressure value p actual and the control command, the pressure controller 43 generates a control signal for the power controller 24 connected to the output of the control and regulating device 25, which regulates the speed of the motor 14 (FIG. 1).
- the control command from the controller 42 does not arrive directly at the “+” input of the downstream pressure controller 43, but at a pilot control stage, namely at a pressure controller control element 52.
- This pressure controller control element 52 is composed of a multiplier 52M and a totalizer 52S formed.
- the target acceleration bs 0 n which is supplied by the driving curve generator 45, is fed to the multiplier 52M.
- the target acceleration bs o ii is multiplied by a parameter in the multiplier 52M.
- the target acceleration bs o ii corrected in this way is then added in the summer 52S to the control command originating from the controller 42. In this way, a corrected control command is generated, which arrives at the "+" input of the downstream pressure regulator 43.
- the pressure regulator control element 52 provides a pilot control.
- the advantage of this measure to correct the control command of the controller 42 is that the setpoint value influencing the behavior of the pressure controller 43 is influenced by a pilot control.
- the aim here is to design the setpoint formed by the pilot control in such a way that the pressure regulator 43 has to cope with a smaller control difference. It then follows that the pressure regulator 43 can regulate with a larger proportional component and a smaller integral component, as a result of which, on the one hand, it reacts faster and, in addition, the tendency to overshoot and undershoot is significantly reduced. This improves control stability.
- This measure is particularly advantageous because it is a rule chain. With two or more controllers connected in series, the risk of instability is much greater.
- a speed controller control element 53 is connected to the output of the pressure regulator 43, which in turn consists of a multiplier 53M and a summer 53 S.
- the multiplier 53M can also be parameterized here.
- the pilot control has the advantageous effect described above.
- This load correction element 54 contains a memory 55 and a summing element 56.
- the signal from the load pressure sensor 31, the actual load pressure value p 1 st reaches an input of the memory 55 and also a first input of the summing element 56.
- the value stored in the memory 55 a reference load pressure p ⁇ st o passes to a second input of the summing element 56.
- This second input is an inverting input, with the result that, in the summing junction 56, the difference Pi st - pi st o is formed.
- This load correction element 54 enables a very significant improvement in the control behavior of the pressure regulator 43. This is done in that before the start of a journey of the cabin 1 (FIG. 1), for example at the moment of closing the doors, the prevailing load pressure p ⁇ at that moment st is stored as a reference load pressure p lst o in the memory 55. If the load pressure p lst then changes, ie while the cabin 1 is moving (FIG.
- the pressure regulator 43 can also be parameterized in a completely different way, namely much more cheaply, by selecting the proportional component to be larger and the integral component to be smaller. This not only leads to faster regulation, but above all means an increase in driving comfort.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Fluid-Pressure Circuits (AREA)
- Elevator Control (AREA)
- Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CH261022002 | 2002-02-15 | ||
CH2612002 | 2002-02-15 | ||
PCT/CH2003/000084 WO2003068652A1 (de) | 2002-02-15 | 2003-02-04 | Steuervorrichtung für einen hydraulischen aufzug |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1474350A1 true EP1474350A1 (de) | 2004-11-10 |
EP1474350B1 EP1474350B1 (de) | 2007-04-04 |
Family
ID=27672001
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP03700307A Expired - Lifetime EP1474350B1 (de) | 2002-02-15 | 2003-02-04 | Steuervorrichtung für einen hydraulischen aufzug |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP1474350B1 (de) |
CN (1) | CN100343151C (de) |
AT (1) | ATE358649T1 (de) |
AU (1) | AU2003201610A1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE50306959D1 (de) |
ES (1) | ES2282598T3 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2003068652A1 (de) |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19601724A1 (de) * | 1995-01-26 | 1996-08-01 | Rexroth Mannesmann Gmbh | Hydraulischer Aufzug mit einem Arbeitszylinder |
US5635689A (en) * | 1995-02-17 | 1997-06-03 | Otis Elevator Company | Acceleration damping of elevator resonant modes and hydraulic elevator pump leakage compensation |
CN1105074C (zh) * | 1997-02-06 | 2003-04-09 | 布奇尔液压公司 | 液压电梯的控制方法和控制设备 |
-
2003
- 2003-02-04 DE DE50306959T patent/DE50306959D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-02-04 AU AU2003201610A patent/AU2003201610A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2003-02-04 WO PCT/CH2003/000084 patent/WO2003068652A1/de active IP Right Grant
- 2003-02-04 EP EP03700307A patent/EP1474350B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-02-04 AT AT03700307T patent/ATE358649T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2003-02-04 ES ES03700307T patent/ES2282598T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-02-04 CN CNB038039699A patent/CN100343151C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO03068652A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ES2282598T3 (es) | 2007-10-16 |
EP1474350B1 (de) | 2007-04-04 |
WO2003068652A1 (de) | 2003-08-21 |
ATE358649T1 (de) | 2007-04-15 |
CN100343151C (zh) | 2007-10-17 |
DE50306959D1 (de) | 2007-05-16 |
AU2003201610A1 (en) | 2003-09-04 |
CN1633388A (zh) | 2005-06-29 |
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