EP1156977B1 - Verfahren und vorrichtung zur steuerung eines hydraulischen aufzugs - Google Patents
Verfahren und vorrichtung zur steuerung eines hydraulischen aufzugs Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1156977B1 EP1156977B1 EP00901018A EP00901018A EP1156977B1 EP 1156977 B1 EP1156977 B1 EP 1156977B1 EP 00901018 A EP00901018 A EP 00901018A EP 00901018 A EP00901018 A EP 00901018A EP 1156977 B1 EP1156977 B1 EP 1156977B1
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- Prior art keywords
- pressure
- control valve
- valve unit
- pump
- control
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 claims description 35
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 21
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 66
- 230000000875 corresponding effect Effects 0.000 description 14
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 11
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 10
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002596 correlated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012407 engineering method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036316 preload Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010349 pulsation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007363 regulatory process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002123 temporal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
- B66B1/00—Control systems of elevators in general
- B66B1/24—Control systems with regulation, i.e. with retroactive action, for influencing travelling speed, acceleration, or deceleration
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
- B66B1/00—Control systems of elevators in general
- B66B1/24—Control systems with regulation, i.e. with retroactive action, for influencing travelling speed, acceleration, or deceleration
- B66B1/28—Control systems with regulation, i.e. with retroactive action, for influencing travelling speed, acceleration, or deceleration electrical
- B66B1/285—Control systems with regulation, i.e. with retroactive action, for influencing travelling speed, acceleration, or deceleration electrical with the use of a speed pattern generator
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for controlling a hydraulic elevator of the type mentioned in the preamble of claim 1 and on a device according to Preamble of claim 11.
- Hydraulic lifts are used advantageously in residential and commercial buildings. she can serve the vertical transport of people and / or goods.
- a control unit for a hydraulic elevator is known from US Pat. No. 5,522,479 of the two pressure sensors are present, one of which is on top of the pump facing side of a check valve is arranged while the other on the installed the hydraulic drive cylinder side of the check valve is.
- the signals from the two pressure sensors are fed to a controller which controls the Speed of the electric motor driving the pump is determined. This way, over the amount of hydraulic oil delivered per unit of time the speed of opening and closing regulated downward elevator.
- a valve unit for an elevator which is a pressure sensor is assigned, with which the pressure leading to the hydraulic drive of the elevator Line is detectable. With the help of this pressure sensor, a compensation of the pressure in the pre-launch phase.
- the main valve is a stroke sensor assigned, which is required in the start phase of an upward movement of the elevator Gain information about the flow of hydraulic oil.
- WO-A-98/34868 describes a method and an apparatus for controlling a known hydraulic elevator, in which the speed of the elevator car by means of of a flow meter is detectable. Depending on the operating situation, the Signals this flow meter either the speed of the pump driving Electric motor controlled or regulated or the opening position of a valve varies. The control variable is therefore switched over during the cabin movement. Careful operation is therefore a prerequisite for smooth operation Coordination of the control and regulation parameters, which requires considerable effort.
- Such a flow meter only then delivers a signal about the movement of the Elevator car if the elevator car has already started to move. Therefore the actual starting process, which is very important for the comfort of driving is not adjustable.
- the invention has for its object to provide a method and an apparatus where the entire operation from standstill to maximum speed and can be reliably controlled or regulated again until standstill, the control and technical control effort should be minimal at the same time, namely without additional resources for Determination of the flow rate of the hydraulic oil.
- 1 means an elevator car of a hydraulic elevator that is operated by a Reciprocating piston 2 is movable.
- the lifting piston 2 forms together with a lifting cylinder 3 a known hydraulic drive.
- Cylinder line 4 connected through which hydraulic oil can be pumped.
- the cylinder line 4 is on the other hand connected to a first control valve unit 5, which at least the Functions of a proportional valve and a check valve combined so that it either behaves like a proportional valve or like a check valve what depends on how the control valve unit 5 is controlled, which will be discussed.
- the proportional valve function can in a known manner with a main valve and a pilot valve can be achieved, the pilot valve by an electrical Drive, for example a proportional magnet, is actuated.
- the closed Check valve holds the elevator car 1 in the respective position.
- the control valve unit 5 is advantageously connected via a pump line 8
- Pressure pulsation damper 9 can be arranged, connected to a pump 10, by means of the hydraulic oil can be conveyed from a tank 11 to the hydraulic drive.
- Pump 10 is driven by an electric motor 12 to which a power supply part 13 is assigned.
- a pressure P P prevails in the pump line 8.
- this control valve unit 15 allows the hydraulic oil to flow back almost without resistance from the pump 10 into the tank 11 when the pressure P P has exceeded a certain threshold value. As a result, the pressure P P cannot significantly exceed the said threshold value. It is now the case that this threshold value can be changed by an electrical signal, so that this control valve unit 15 can perform a pressure control function in a manner similar to a known proportional valve. To achieve this function, as in the case of a proportional valve, a main valve and a pilot valve can be used in a known manner, which is actuated by a proportional magnet which can be controlled electrically.
- a load pressure sensor 18 in the cylinder line 4 preferably directly at the corresponding connection of the control valve unit 5, which is connected to a control unit 20 via a first measuring line 19.
- the control device 20 serving to operate the hydraulic elevator is thus able to recognize the pressure P Z prevailing in the cylinder line 4.
- this pressure P Z reflects the load on the elevator car 1. It will be described later on how this pressure P Z influences control and regulating processes and how operating states can be determined.
- the control unit 20 can also consist of several control and regulator units.
- a temperature sensor 21 is arranged, which is connected to the control unit 20 via a second measuring line 22. Because Hydraulic oil has a viscosity that varies significantly with its temperature Control and regulation of the hydraulic elevator can be significantly improved if the Temperature of the hydraulic oil is included as a parameter in control and regulation processes becomes. This will be described in more detail.
- a further pressure sensor namely a pump pressure sensor 23, is advantageously present, which detects the pressure P P in the pump line 8 and is advantageously arranged directly at the corresponding connection of the pump line 8 on the control valve unit 5.
- the pump pressure sensor 23 also transmits its measured value to the control unit 20 via a further measuring line 24.
- a first control line 25 leads from the control unit 20 to the control valve unit 5 this control valve unit 5 is electrically controllable from the control unit 20.
- a second control line 26 leads to the control valve unit 15, so that this also from Control unit 20 is controllable here.
- a third control line 27 leads from Control unit 20 to the power supply part 13, whereby the motor 12 on and can be switched off, but possibly also the speed of the motor 12 and so that the delivery rate of the pump 10 can be influenced by the control unit 20.
- control valve units 5 and 15 By controlling the control valve units 5 and 15 from the control unit 20 determines how the control valve units 5 and 15 behave functionally. Will the Control valve units 5 and 15 are not controlled by control unit 20, both behave Control valve units 5 and 15 basically like a different preload Check valve. Are the control valve units 5 and 15 by the control unit 20 through controlled by a control signal, they act as proportional valves.
- the electrically uncontrolled control valve unit 5 closes automatically due to the effect of the pressure PZ which the elevator car 1 generates when this pressure PZ is greater than the pressure P P. It has already been mentioned that in this state the load pressure sensor 18 indicates the load caused by the elevator car 1. According to the invention, the effective load of the elevator car 1 is determined and transmitted to the control unit 20. The control device 20 can thus recognize whether the elevator car 1 is empty or loaded and the size of the load is thus also known.
- the control unit 20 first activates the power supply part 13 via the control line 27 and thus sets the electric motor 12 in rotation, as a result of which the pump 10 starts to run and delivers hydraulic oil.
- the pressure P P in the pump line 8 rises.
- this pressure P P exceeds a value correlated with the tension of the check valve of the control valve unit 15, the check valve of the control valve unit 15 opens, so that the pressure P P cannot initially exceed this value. If this pressure value, which will usually be the case, is lower than the pressure p Z in the cylinder line 4, the control valve unit 5 remains closed and no hydraulic oil flows into the cylinder line 4.
- control unit 20 can now control the proportional valve function of the control valve unit 15 via the signal line 26, so that a greater hydraulic resistance is set on the control valve unit 15.
- the above-mentioned pressure difference ⁇ p v can be approximately replaced by the difference between the current measured values for the pressure P Z and the pressure P Z0 before the beginning of the cabin movement for certain sections of the movement, corresponding correction factors being used. If the pump pressure sensor 23 is present, it is calculated exactly by the difference between the pressures P Z and P P. The determination of the flow rate is thus considerably more precise than in the introductory US Pat. No. 5,040,639 and is not restricted to the beginning of the movement, that is to say very low speeds of the elevator car 1.
- the pressure P Z measured by the load pressure sensor 18 increases.
- the pressure increase detected by the load pressure sensor 18 thus indicates the opening of the check valve of the control valve unit 5 even before the elevator car 1 has started to move, since the pressure build-up is first used up in compression work and to overcome the friction when the vehicle is at a standstill. It is now possible according to the invention to control or regulate the start-up phase for the elevator car 1 solely by means of this pressure increase.
- control valve 20 actuates the proportional valve of the control valve unit 15 more or less because, as already mentioned, the control valve unit 15 is designed such that it acts like the control valve unit 5 as a check valve, if there is no control signal and that it acts as a proportional valve if it is controlled by control unit 20 via control line 26.
- the amount of the control signal determines the degree of opening of the proportional valve.
- the control of the speed of the elevator car 1 during upward travel can thus according to the invention with the signal of the load pressure sensor 18 by varying the Degree of opening of the proportional valve of the control valve unit 15 take place. It will be are shown that according to the invention, the entire upward journey and also the Downward travel with the help of the load pressure sensor 18 and a setpoint generator for the Load pressure can be controlled or regulated. By time and / or path dependent Variation of a target value for the pressure and comparison with that of the load pressure sensor 18 a determined value is therefore possible.
- the load pressure sensor 18 only the signal of the load pressure sensor 18 is evaluated in order to control the start of the movement of the elevator car 1. This can be done by evaluating the time profile of the pressure P Z. If the elevator car 1 is at a standstill, the load pressure sensor 18 delivers the current load, as already mentioned.
- the control valve unit 5 is opened using its proportional valve function using a characteristic curve dependent on the measured load signal, the pressure P Z.
- the pressure P P in the pump line 8 thereby opens the check valve of the control valve unit 5
- the value of the pressure P Z measured by the load pressure sensor 18 drops. This is an indication that the elevator car 1 can move so that the corresponding control procedure can be started by the control device 20.
- the actual movement begins as soon as the pressure drop exceeds a certain minimum value, the size of which is determined by friction losses and the compressibility of the hydraulic oil.
- the size and the gradient of the drop advantageously allow a statement to be made about the acceleration with which the elevator car 1 is acted on.
- the speed can also be advantageously determined by integration and the distance covered by the elevator car 1 can also be determined by means of repeated integration.
- Data determined in this way are advantageously subjected to a plausibility check and, with regard to the required security, are also compared with other data sources, for example with position detectors which, in connection with the elevator control, serve to initiate creep speed and to stop the elevator car 1.
- the load on the elevator car 1 is determined when it is at a standstill, it can be predicted when this pressure will be exceeded by the starting of the pump 10 and the control of the control valve unit 15, so that the control valve unit 5 opens. It is therefore possible for the increase in the pressure P P in the pump line 8 to be reduced in stages or continuously by changing the control of the control valve unit 15. The object according to the invention is thus achieved in that the starting process can be controlled very sensitively. It is therefore also possible within the scope of the invention that the control device 20 adjusts itself adaptively. According to empirical values, the control unit 20 can contain preprogrammed values that adapt automatically during operation.
- the pump pressure sensor 23 is advantageously present. It is thus possible for the pressure P P in the pump line 8 generated by the pump 10 and influenced by the second control valve unit 15 to be determined by means of this pump pressure sensor 23, so that the pressure in the pump line 8 can be measured and thus the step-wise or continuous change in the Reduction of the pressure rise can also be regulated if necessary.
- the control device 23 therefore does not have to make do with the predictable data for the pressure increase. Because it can generate additional data, it can effectively regulate the pressure P P. At the same time, the automatic adaptation of the control unit 20 is even easier and more comprehensible.
- the pump pressure sensor 23 is designed as a differential pressure sensor which determines a differential pressure P D which is the difference between the pressure P Z prevailing in the cylinder line 4 and the pressure prevailing in the pump line 8 Pressure P P corresponds. This achieves higher accuracy.
- the inclusion of the measured value of the temperature sensor 21 is advantageous because with the temperature of the hydraulic oil, its properties, in particular the viscosity, to change.
- the control unit 20 can measure the temperature sensor 21 during control the accuracy of the control can be improved because in particular the calculation of the flow of hydraulic oil under Taking into account the pressure difference becomes more accurate.
- the uppermost diagram referred to as the P Z diagram, shows the course of the setpoints for the pressure P Z for two different states of the elevator car 1 (FIG. 1), namely the curve P ZSollL for the empty elevator car 1 and the curve P ZSollB for a loaded elevator car 1.
- the respective load is determined by the load pressure sensor 18 (FIG. 1).
- the corresponding values, namely P Z0L for the empty elevator car 1 and P Z0B for the loaded elevator car 1, are shown on the P Z axis.
- the second diagram shows the setpoints for Acceleration and speed for the movement of the elevator car 1 at Upward movement.
- Curve a shows the acceleration, curve v the speed.
- the third diagram shows the curve of the time derivative of the setpoint of the pressure P Z , that is to say the required change in the setpoint of the pressure P Z in the individual phases of the upward travel.
- the solid line curve is an example of a particular load. An example of another load is shown as a broken line.
- the stroke is the Valve spindle of the control valve unit 15 (Fig. 1) shown. As mentioned earlier, is done at the upward movement the motion control by controlling this Control valve unit 15.
- time axis t Common to all four diagrams is the time axis t. Individual times t u0 to t u9 are shown on this time axis, which represent characteristic times in the context of the control and regulation. The references to the individual partial diagrams are shown with dashed lines.
- the start command for the upward movement is issued at time t u0 .
- the control unit 20 determines the current value of the load pressure sensor 18 at this point in time. Two values are shown in the P Z diagram. In one case the elevator car 1 is empty and the current value of the pressure P Z is P Z0L . In the second case, the elevator car 1 is loaded and the current value of the pressure P Z is P Z0B .
- the pump 10 (FIG. 1) is switched on by the start command mentioned. It starts up and starts pumping hydraulic oil. It initially builds up only a very low pressure because the hydraulic oil delivered by the pump 10 flows back to the tank 11 via the control valve unit 15 acting as a check valve.
- the control unit 20 calculates, as in the subsequent phase, the period from t u1 to t u2 , the pressure in the pump line 8 is to be built up so that the movement of the elevator car 1 begins at the time t u2 can.
- a lower pressure is required when the elevator car 1 is empty, and a higher pressure when the elevator car 1 is loaded.
- the pressure is to be built up at different speeds so that the elevator car 1 begins to move after the same time.
- the control unit 20 has the information about the load of the elevator car 1 available. The control unit 20 knows the load of the empty elevator car 1 as a constant, characterized by a pressure P Z0L.
- the control unit 20 calculates, for example, the load ratio P Z0B / P Z0L , which therefore represents the current load as a multiple or as a percentage of the load of the empty elevator car 1.
- the load ratio P Z0B / P Z0L is now used to calculate how the pump pressure must rise so that the pressure required to move the elevator car 1 is built up in the pump line 8 at the time t u2 . This advantageously ensures that the time from the start command to the start of the movement of the elevator car 1 is always the same regardless of the load.
- the increase in pressure in the pump line 8 is achieved in that the control unit 20 acts on the control valve unit 15 in such a way that the control valve unit 15 is actuated in the closing direction.
- the return flow of the hydraulic oil to the tank 11 is thus made increasingly difficult, which results in the desired pressure build-up. How this pressure build-up takes place is shown in the Pz diagram by the dashed lines P PB for the loaded elevator car 1 and P PL for the empty elevator car 1. If only the load pressure sensor 18 is present within the scope of the general inventive idea, the pressure build-up is controlled.
- this pressure build-up can be regulated by the pressure build-up acting as a setpoint according to the curves P PB or P PL and by means of the actual pressure P P measured by the pump pressure sensor 23 determining the control deviation and using it the control valve unit 15 is controlled.
- the differential pressure ⁇ P dyn represents a value that is necessary to overcome hydraulic resistances from standstill to the start of movement. The resistances are composed of the force of the spring of the check valve of the control valve unit 5 (FIG. 1) and the cylinder friction in the lifting cylinder 3.
- the differential pressure ⁇ P dyn also includes a term that takes the compressibility of the hydraulic oil into account.
- the differential pressure .DELTA.P dyn is also dependent on the pressure actually prevailing, so that it is advantageous to correct the value in accordance with the actual load, which is done, for example, by multiplying by the load ratio mentioned.
- the H diagram shows that the valve control unit 15 is not yet activated during the period from t u0 to t u1 , but that the control valve unit 15 is then actuated in the closing direction in the period from t u1 to t u2 .
- two curves are shown, namely a curve H L , which shows the activation in the case of the empty elevator car 1, and a curve H B , which shows the activation when the elevator car 1 is loaded.
- the pump pressure is just so high that the load of the elevator car 1 and the resistance to the movement are just being overcome.
- the pump pressure is then just so high that the load of the elevator car 1 and the resistance to the movement are just being overcome.
- the acceleration is increased from zero to a certain value.
- the temporal increase in cylinder pressure P Z must be approximately constant, which can be seen from the dP Z / dt diagram on the one hand and the P Z diagram on the other.
- the regulation is again carried out by changing the actuation of the control valve unit 15. Since the acceleration of from time t u2 to time t u3 If the speed rises from zero to the final value, the vehicle starts up smoothly because the speed increases automatically. The maximum acceleration is reached at time t u3 .
- M Z means the effective mass of the reciprocating piston 2 including the elevator car 1 and A Z the area of the reciprocating piston 2.
- P ZSollB for the loaded elevator car 1 or P ZSollL for the empty elevator car 1 continues to rise. The reason for this measure is that because of the increasing flow rate of the hydraulic oil through the control valve unit 5 (FIG. 1) and through the cylinder line 4, there is an increasing pressure loss.
- the speed of the elevator car 1 remains constant from the time t u5 to the time t u6 , the acceleration is therefore zero. Accordingly, the hydraulic resistance no longer changes, which means that the setpoint P ZSollL or P ZSollB remains constant, which is also evident from the dP Z / dt diagram.
- the control valve unit 15 can be regulated with a constant setpoint value, so that the stroke of the valve spindle of the control valve unit 15 only changes if a control deviation occurs.
- control valve unit 15 is not activated on the basis of a regulation, but is controlled directly. Any rule deviations are therefore ignored. This means that the speed is not adjusted. This manifests itself in increased driving comfort because control oscillations of the speed are safely avoided.
- the control valve unit 15 is accordingly activated with a constant setpoint.
- the specifications for the acceleration a, the speed v and the individual time segments from the point in time t u2 to the point in time t u9 are selected such that the destination is reached exactly from the starting point of the elevator car 1. Nevertheless, it is advantageous to use the usual shaft switching means such as magnetic or touch contacts when controlling the elevator car 1.
- the control unit 20 can recognize, the predefined parameters are correct. However, if the response does not coincide, there is a need to correct the specified parameters. In this way it is possible to adjust the parameters automatically. When the elevator system is in operation, it is then not necessary to switch on a phase with so-called creep speed shortly before reaching the desired destination.
- control device 20 is designed to be self-adapting accordingly, this is simplified Definition of parameters as part of the planning and commissioning of the elevator system considerably.
- control valve unit 15 automatically runs again in the closed position as soon as the pump 10 is switched off and the pressure in the pump line 8 decreases again. This results from the reduction in pressure in the pump line 8 according to the curves P PB and P PL after the time t u9 , as shown in the P Z diagram.
- the analog idealized diagrams for a downward journey are shown in FIG. 3.
- the type and structure of the four sub-diagrams correspond to those of FIG. 2, but here no values are shown in the P Z diagram that relate to the pump pressure because the pump 10 does not run when driving downwards and the pump pressure is therefore not relevant is.
- the respective load is determined by the load pressure sensor 18 (FIG. 1).
- the curves are mirrored horizontally compared to FIG. 2 because of the reversed direction of travel, which means for FIGS. 2 and 3 that the vector of acceleration and speed can also be seen from the a, v diagrams.
- the dP Z / dt diagram in turn shows the curve of the time derivative of the setpoint of the pressure P Z.
- the time axis t is again common to all four diagrams. Individual times t d0 to t d9 are shown on this time axis, which in turn represent characteristic times in the context of the control and regulation. The references to the individual partial diagrams are shown with dashed lines.
- the start command for the upward movement is issued at time t d0 .
- the control unit 20 determines the current value of the load pressure sensor 18 at this time.
- the control unit 20 calculates the load ratio P Z0B / P Z0L or another corresponding reference value for the effective load which is required during the downward travel in order to control the proportional valve of the valve control unit 5 in such a way that the desired ones Values for acceleration a and speed v can be achieved.
- This takes into account that, when the elevator car 1 is empty, a comparatively lower braking effect must be achieved by the control valve unit 5 than when the elevator car 1 is loaded.
- control valve unit 5 is now activated in such a way that the differential pressure ⁇ P dyn mentioned during the upward travel is compensated. This creates the prerequisites that the movement of the elevator car 1 can begin at the time t d2 .
- the drop in the pressure in the cylinder line 4 is now achieved in that the control device 20 acts on the control valve unit 5 in such a way that the control valve unit 5 is actuated in the opening direction. Hydraulic oil can thus flow from the lifting cylinder 3 through the control valve unit 5 in the direction of the tank 11.
- the now not controlled proportional valve of the second valve control unit 15 is closed, so that only the check valve of the second valve control unit 15 is effective.
- the hydraulic oil flows to the tank 11 via this check valve.
- the value of the differential pressure ⁇ P dyn does not contain a term of the force of the spring of the check valve of the control valve unit 5, but a term that corresponds to the force of the spring of the check valve of the second Control valve unit 15 corresponds.
- the two control valve units 5 and 15 advantageously have the same structure and the spring constants of the springs of the check valves are the same. Then the values for the differential pressure ⁇ P dyn are the same for upward and downward travel and are advantageously corrected in the same way with regard to the effective load.
- the acceleration is increased from zero to a certain value.
- the drop in cylinder pressure P Z over time must be constant, which can be seen from the dP Z / dt diagrams on the one hand and the P Z diagram on the other hand.
- the regulation is now carried out by changing the control of the control valve unit 5. Since during the period from the time t d2 to the time t d3 the acceleration a of If the speed rises from zero to the final value, the vehicle starts up smoothly because the speed increases automatically. The maximum acceleration is reached at time t d3 .
- the speed of the elevator car 1 remains constant from the time t d5 to the time t d6 , ie the acceleration is zero. Accordingly, the resistance no longer changes, which means that the setpoint P ZSollL or P ZSollB remains constant, which is also evident from the dP Z / dt diagram. Control of the control valve unit 5 with a constant setpoint takes place in this area, so that the stroke of the valve spindle of the control valve unit 5 only changes if a control deviation occurs.
- control valve unit 5 is not controlled on the basis of a regulation, but is controlled directly. Any rule deviations are therefore ignored. This means that the speed is not adjusted. This manifests itself in increased driving comfort because control oscillations of the speed are safely avoided.
- the control valve unit 5 is controlled accordingly with a constant setpoint.
- the specifications for the acceleration a, the speed v and the individual time segments from the time t d2 to the time t d9 are in turn chosen such that the destination is reached exactly from the starting point of the elevator car 1. Nevertheless, it is advantageous to use the usual shaft switching means such as magnetic or touch contacts when controlling the elevator car 1.
- the control unit 20 can recognize, the predefined parameters are correct. However, if the response does not coincide, there is a need to correct the specified parameters. This in turn makes it possible to automatically adjust the parameters. It is therefore not necessary, even when driving downhill, to switch on a phase with so-called slow travel shortly before reaching the desired destination.
- control unit 20 is designed to be self-adapting accordingly, one can Adaptation also take place during the descent.
- the required time course of the pressure P Z is determined from the setpoint values for the acceleration and the speed and is stored as a setpoint value-time series in a setpoint generator of the control unit 20 as the setpoint travel curve.
- the current actual value of the pressure P Z is determined with the aid of the load pressure sensor 18 and compared with the target value.
- the control command is generated from the difference between the actual value and the setpoint. This actuating command causes the control valve unit 15 to travel upward and the control valve unit 5 to travel downward.
- the load on the elevator car 1 is determined by the load pressure sensor 18, which detects the pressure P Z in the cylinder line 4, so that the upward travel of the elevator car 1 is regulated by changing the actuation of the second control valve unit 15 that a target travel curve that is dependent on the load on the elevator car 1 and that represents a time course of the pressure in the cylinder line 4 is compared with the continuous changes in the pressure in the cylinder line 4, the control command for the second control valve unit 15 being derived from the control deviation is generated, and that the downward travel of the elevator car 1 is regulated by changing the control of the first control valve unit 5 in such a way that a target travel curve which is dependent on the load on the elevator car 1 and which represents a time course of the pressure in the cylinder line 4 also the cont changes in the pressure in the cylinder line 4 are compared, the control command for the first control valve unit 15 being generated from the control deviation.
- the Load pressure sensor 18 can, for example, be placed directly in the control valve unit 5 be, also in their pre-tax chamber.
- Creep speed can be turned on before stopping the elevator car if due special circumstances the target position is not reached directly.
- the introduction and that The end of the creep speed is in a known manner through in the cabin shaft arranged switching elements triggered.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Elevator Control (AREA)
- Types And Forms Of Lifts (AREA)
- Fluid-Pressure Circuits (AREA)
- Forklifts And Lifting Vehicles (AREA)
Description
- Fig. 1
- ein Schema des hydraulischen Aufzugs samt der Einrichtung zu dessen Steuerung,
- Fig. 2
- Diagramme für eine Aufwärtsfahrt und
- Fig. 3
- Diagramme für eine Abwärtsfahrt.
Claims (12)
- Verfahren zur Steuerung eines hydraulischen Aufzugs, mit einer Aufzugskabine, die (1) durch einen aus Hubkolben (2) und Hubzylinder (3) bestehenden hydraulischen Antrieb dadurch bewegbar ist, dass mittels einer Pumpe (10) und unter Mitwirkung mindestens einer Steuerventileinheit (5, 15), nämlich einer ersten Steuerventileinheit (5) und gegebenenfalls einer zweiten Steuerventileinheit ( 15), Hydrauliköl durch eine Zylinderleitung (4) in den hydraulischen Antrieb (2, 3) bzw. aus dem hydraulischen Antrieb (2, 3) heraus förderbar ist, wobei der Fluss des Hydrauliköls durch Messmittel kontrollierbar, der Druck in der Zylinderleitung (4) mittels eines Lastdrucksensors ( 18) erfassbar und die Funktion des Aufzugs durch ein das Verfahren ausführendes Steuergerät (20) steuer- und regelbar ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet,dass bei stillstehender Aufzugskabine (1) durch den den Druck PZ in der Zylinderleitung (4) erfassenden Lastdrucksensor (18) die Belastung der Aufzugskabine (1) ermittelt wird,dass die Aufwärtsfahrt der Aufzugskabine (1) durch Veränderung der Ansteuerung der zweiten Steuerventileinheit (15) in der Weise geregelt wird, dass eine von der Belastung der Aufzugskabine (1) abhängige Soll-Fahrkurve, die einen zeitlichen Verlauf des Druckes in der Zylinderleitung (4) darstellt, mit den fortlaufenden Änderungen des Druckes in der Zylinderleitung (4) verglichen wird, wobei aus der Regelabweichung der Stellbefehl für die zweite Steuerventileinheit (15) generiert wird,dass die Abwärtsfahrt der Aufzugskabine (1) durch Veränderung der Ansteuerung der ersten Steuerventileinheit (5) in der Weise geregelt wird, dass eine von der Belastung der Aufzugskabine (1) abhängige Soll-Fahrkurve, die einen zeitlichen Verlauf des Druckes in der Zylinderleitung (4) darstellt, mit den fortlaufenden Änderungen des Druckes in der Zylinderleitung (4) verglichen wird, wobei aus der Regelabweichung der Stellbefehl für die erste Steuerventileinheit (5) generiert wird.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass bei Aufwärts- und bei Abwärtsfahrt im Bereich der Soll-Fahrkurve mit konstanter Geschwindigkeit keine Regelung erfolgt, sondern dass bei Aufwärtsfahrt die zweite Steuerventileinheit (15) und bei Abwärtsfahrt die erste Steuerventileinheit (5) unmittelbar mit einem konstanten Sollwert angesteuert wird.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass bei Aufwärts- und bei Abwärtsfahrt im Bereich der Soll-Fahrkurve mit abnehmender Geschwindigkeit keine Regelung erfolgt, sondern dass bei Aufwärtsfahrt die zweite Steuerventileinheit ( 15) und bei Abwärtsfahrt die erste Steuerventileinheit (5) unmittelbar mit einem zeitvariablen Sollwert angesteuert wird.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die zeitliche Änderung des Druckes PZ vom Steuergerät (20) ausgewertet wird, indem aus Grösse und Gradient dieser zeitlichen Änderung die auf die Aufzugskabine (1) wirkende Beschleunigung ermittelt wird.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass durch Integration der Beschleunigung die Geschwindigkeit der Aufzugskabine (1) ermittelt wird.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass durch Integration der Geschwindigkeit der von der Aufzugskabine (1) zurückgelegte Weg ermittelt wird.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der von der Pumpe (10) erzeugte und von der zweiten Steuerventileinheit (15) beeinflusste Druck PP in der Pumpenleitung (8) mittels eines Pumpendrucksensors (23) ermittelt wird, so dass der Druck in der Pumpenleitung (8) messbar und somit die stufige oder stetige Änderung des Druckanstiegs gegebenenfalls auch regelbar ist.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass im Steuergerät (20) die Differenz des vom Lastdrucksensor (18) ermittelten Druckes PZ und des vom Pumpendrucksensor (23) ermittelten Druckes PP gebildet wird und dass diese Differenz zur Ermittlung des Flusses des Hydrauliköls in der Zylinderleitung (4) verwendet wird.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Pumpendrucksensor (23) als Differenzdrucksensor ausgebildet ist, der einen Differenzdruck PD ermittelt, der die Differenz zwischen dem in der Zylinderleitung (4) herrschenden Druck PZ und dem in der Pumpenleitung (8) herrschenden Druck PP entspricht.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass mittels eines an der ersten Steuerventileinheit (5) angeordneten Temperatursensors (21) die Temperatur des Hydrauliköls ermittelt wird und vom Steuergerät (20) bei der Steuerung des Aufzugs berücksichtigt wird.
- Vorrichtung zur Steuerung eines hydraulischen Aufzugs mit einer Aufzugskabine, (1) die durch einen aus Hubkolben (2) und Hubzylinder (3) bestehenden hydraulischen Antrieb dadurch bewegbar ist, dass mittels einer Pumpe (10) Hydrauliköl von einem Tank (11) durch eine Pumpenleitung (8) zu mindestens einer Steuerventileinheit (5, 15) und von dieser durch eine Zylinderleitung (4), in der mittels eines Lastdrucksensors ( 18) der Druck messbar ist, zum hydraulischen Antrieb förderbar ist, wobei unter Mitwirkung mindestens einer der Steuerventileinheiten (5, 15) der Mengenstrom des Hydrauliköls steuerbar und durch Messmittel kontrollierbar ist, und bei der die Pumpe (10) und mindestens eine der Steuerventileinheiten (5, 15) von einem Steuergerät (20) steuerbar ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet,dass vom Steuergerät (20) eine erste Steuerventileinheit (5) und eine zweite Steuerventileinheit (15) ansteuerbar sind bzw. ist,dass das Steuergerät (20) für die Aufwärts- und für die Abwärtsfahrt Soll-Fahrkurven in einem Sollwertgeber enthält, wobei jede Soll-Fahrkurve einen zeitlichen Verlauf des Druckes PZ in der Zylinderleitung (4) darstellt,dass das Steuergerät (20) bei der Aufwärts- und bei der Abwärtsfahrt die jeweiligen Istwerte des Druckes PZ mit den Sollwerten vergleicht und entsprechend der Regelabweichung bei Aufwärtsfahrt die zweite Steuerventileinheit (5) und bei Abwärtsfahrt die erste Steuerventileinheit (15) ansteuert, unddass das Steuergerät (20) die Pumpe (10) dann nicht ansteuert, wenn die Aufzugskabine (1) eine Bewegung in Abwärtsrichtung ausführen soll.
- Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet,dass als Messmittel ein Pumpendrucksensor (23) vorhanden ist, der den Druck PP in der Pumpenleitung (8) erfasst,dass das Signal des Lastdrucksensors ( 18) dem Steuergerät (20) zuführbar ist,und dass das Steuergerät (20) derart beschaffen ist, dass es aus dem Signal des Lastdrucksensors (18) zusätzliche Daten generieren kann, durch die unter Ansteuerung der zweiten Steuerventileinheit (15) vom Steuergerät (20) der Druck PP regelbar ist.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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CH22599 | 1999-02-05 | ||
CH22599 | 1999-02-05 | ||
PCT/CH2000/000045 WO2000046138A1 (de) | 1999-02-05 | 2000-01-31 | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur steuerung eines hydraulischen aufzugs |
Publications (2)
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EP1156977A1 EP1156977A1 (de) | 2001-11-28 |
EP1156977B1 true EP1156977B1 (de) | 2004-08-18 |
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EP00901018A Expired - Lifetime EP1156977B1 (de) | 1999-02-05 | 2000-01-31 | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur steuerung eines hydraulischen aufzugs |
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US (1) | US6510923B1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP1156977B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP2002536270A (de) |
KR (1) | KR20010089756A (de) |
CN (1) | CN1178837C (de) |
AT (1) | ATE273914T1 (de) |
CA (1) | CA2361596A1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE50007477D1 (de) |
ES (1) | ES2226771T3 (de) |
IL (1) | IL143953A0 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2000046138A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US6986409B2 (en) * | 2002-02-02 | 2006-01-17 | Bucher Hydraulics Ag | Apparatus for determining the position of an elevator car |
WO2006088467A2 (en) * | 2005-02-17 | 2006-08-24 | Alexander Powell | Elevator system |
DE102005037620A1 (de) * | 2005-08-09 | 2007-02-15 | Brueninghaus Hydromatik Gmbh | Regelvorrichtung für eine hydrostatische Kolbenmaschine mit elektronischer Steuereinheit |
AT503040B1 (de) * | 2005-12-12 | 2007-07-15 | Lcm Gmbh | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur steuerung eines hydraulischen aufzugs |
DK1914875T3 (da) * | 2006-10-20 | 2019-10-14 | Abb Schweiz Ag | Fremgangsmåde til styring og motorstarteranordning |
IT1393876B1 (it) * | 2009-04-29 | 2012-05-11 | Brea Impianti S U R L | Sistema di controllo per un impianto elevatore oleodinamico |
CN106144794B (zh) * | 2015-04-02 | 2018-09-28 | 西屋电气(香港)有限公司 | 一种液压电梯控制系统以及控制方法 |
CN105253754A (zh) * | 2015-11-25 | 2016-01-20 | 苏州汾湖电梯科技有限公司 | 一种安全型液压电梯 |
US10611600B2 (en) * | 2017-06-26 | 2020-04-07 | Otis Elevator Company | Hydraulic elevator system with position or speed based valve control |
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IT1138425B (it) * | 1981-06-16 | 1986-09-17 | Stigler Otis S P A | Complesso elettro-fluidodinamico per l'azionamento di una cabina di un impianto ascensore |
US4726450A (en) * | 1985-11-18 | 1988-02-23 | Otis Elevator Company | Hydraulic elevator with dynamically programmed motor-operated valve |
US4932502A (en) * | 1989-02-15 | 1990-06-12 | Inventio Ag | Hydraulic elevator system |
US5040639A (en) * | 1990-01-31 | 1991-08-20 | Kawasaki Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Elevator valve apparatus |
JP2680459B2 (ja) * | 1990-03-07 | 1997-11-19 | 株式会社東芝 | 油圧エレベータの制御装置 |
JP2505644B2 (ja) * | 1990-11-20 | 1996-06-12 | 三菱電機株式会社 | 油圧エレベ―タ駆動制御装置 |
US5289901A (en) * | 1992-08-03 | 1994-03-01 | Otis Elevator Company | Hydraulic elevator pressure relief valve |
KR960010228B1 (ko) * | 1993-10-25 | 1996-07-26 | 이희종 | 유압엘리베이터용 제어밸브장치 |
US5374794A (en) * | 1993-12-09 | 1994-12-20 | United States Elevator Corp. | Elevator control valve assembly |
US5635689A (en) * | 1995-02-17 | 1997-06-03 | Otis Elevator Company | Acceleration damping of elevator resonant modes and hydraulic elevator pump leakage compensation |
US5593004A (en) * | 1995-03-28 | 1997-01-14 | Blain Roy W | Servo control for hydraulic elevator |
DE59808428D1 (de) | 1997-02-06 | 2003-06-26 | Bucher Hydraulics Ag Neuheim | Verfahren sowie vorrichtung zur steuerung eines hydraulischen aufzugs |
-
2000
- 2000-01-31 AT AT00901018T patent/ATE273914T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2000-01-31 KR KR1020017008459A patent/KR20010089756A/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2000-01-31 EP EP00901018A patent/EP1156977B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-01-31 WO PCT/CH2000/000045 patent/WO2000046138A1/de active IP Right Grant
- 2000-01-31 CA CA002361596A patent/CA2361596A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2000-01-31 ES ES00901018T patent/ES2226771T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-01-31 IL IL14395300A patent/IL143953A0/xx unknown
- 2000-01-31 US US09/868,668 patent/US6510923B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-01-31 DE DE50007477T patent/DE50007477D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-01-31 JP JP2000597217A patent/JP2002536270A/ja not_active Ceased
- 2000-01-31 CN CNB008033676A patent/CN1178837C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
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Publication number | Publication date |
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US6510923B1 (en) | 2003-01-28 |
IL143953A0 (en) | 2002-04-21 |
CN1178837C (zh) | 2004-12-08 |
ATE273914T1 (de) | 2004-09-15 |
CA2361596A1 (en) | 2000-08-10 |
ES2226771T3 (es) | 2005-04-01 |
WO2000046138A1 (de) | 2000-08-10 |
CN1339011A (zh) | 2002-03-06 |
EP1156977A1 (de) | 2001-11-28 |
JP2002536270A (ja) | 2002-10-29 |
KR20010089756A (ko) | 2001-10-08 |
DE50007477D1 (de) | 2004-09-23 |
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