EP1466054B1 - Procede et dispositif pour limiter une inondation - Google Patents

Procede et dispositif pour limiter une inondation Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1466054B1
EP1466054B1 EP02755996A EP02755996A EP1466054B1 EP 1466054 B1 EP1466054 B1 EP 1466054B1 EP 02755996 A EP02755996 A EP 02755996A EP 02755996 A EP02755996 A EP 02755996A EP 1466054 B1 EP1466054 B1 EP 1466054B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
water
chamber
hose bag
chambers
sack
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP02755996A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP1466054A1 (fr
Inventor
Holger Sandvik
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Individual
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Individual
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
    • E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
    • E02B3/10—Dams; Dykes; Sluice ways or other structures for dykes, dams, or the like
    • E02B3/106—Temporary dykes
    • E02B3/108—Temporary dykes with a filling, e.g. filled by water or sand

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to methods and a device for prevention or limitation of flooding by floodwater, as it is described in the subsequent patent claims 1 and 5.
  • sand or earth are the most common, and normally regarded as the most easily available, aids one has.
  • the sand/earth is as a rule put in bags (such as bags made of jute) that can be handled manually or with a crane (e.g. on a tractor or.the like), and the bags are placed in layers, layer by layer, along the area that is threatened. This is effective for prevention of water penetration, but is very labour intensive.
  • the problem with flooding is that running water has a strong excavating effect so that if it first starts to flow over the edge of the earth/sand mound, the water will dig out a ditch that gradually gets larger and gives a stronger and stronger excavating flow of water.
  • the new device according to the invention is very simple to handle. Firstly, large lengths of the chamber-forming element (in the form of a hose bag or sack) can be rolled up into a single coil that both takes up little space during storage and that is easy to transport to the place of use. Furthermore, at the place of use it is easy to roll out, and then it is simple to fit a pump to the inlet mouthpiece (hose connection) and start the pumping in of the very medium that is most accessible, namely water, especially sand/earth containing water or sludge, for example, heavy drilling mud that is used in the oil industry.
  • the lower section of the element such as in the form of a hose bag or sack, seals tightly against the foundation so that no floodwater can penetrate between the sack bottom and the foundation to prevent the hose bag becoming excavated.
  • the heavy medium/fluid contributes greatly to this in that it forces the bottom mat powerfully down against the foundation.
  • the sack can also comprise stay ropes along the sack and these can be secured to the ground to obtain extra pressure and anchorage of the hose bag to the foundation. It is also possible to stabilise the sack by placing sandbags against the hose at a given mutual distance apart.
  • the bottom section of the hose bag has a square cross section, and is preferably wider in the bottom (viewed in cross section) than in the upper part. This is to achieve sufficient stability against the foundation. If the hose bag is completely round in cross section, it can more easily start to move (roll) when it is subjected to the sideways influences from the pressure of water.
  • the sack comprises an upper and a lower hollow space that are kept apart by a perforated, water-permeable, fibrous cloth dividing wall that extends in the longitudinal direction of the sack.
  • the dividing wall lets water through to the upper hollow space but retains particles (sand) that are suspended in the water.
  • the cloth can also comprise a net cloth (preferably pliable and flexible) that has mesh openings of such an order of magnitude that the particles are held back, while the water is let through.
  • the water/sand mixture (the medium) is pumped into and through the one end of the lower hollow space that will then be filled with the water/sand mixture.
  • the water will filter through the cloth and fill up the upper hollow space. Afterwards the water pressure is maintained in the upper hollow space to a full application pressure so that the hose bag is fully inflated while the sand lies in the lower chamber and provides the necessary pressure against the foundation.
  • the sack comprises three sack sections, one central main sack and a side sack on each side of the lower part of the main sack.
  • the three sack sections are mutually coupled together, such as by welding, so that they are connected and in cross section form a triangular pattern as the subsequent figure shows.
  • the main sack is manufactured from a watertight material, such as a relatively thick cloth that can be reinforced.
  • the side sacks are preferably tight, i.e. a tight dividing wall against the main chamber, if they shall be filled with a heavy and basically homogenous fluid, such as a homogenous suspension, such as drilling mud, which has a larger specific gravity than floodwater, such as up to 1.6 g/cm 3 .
  • a homogenous suspension such as drilling mud
  • the specific gravity of water is 1 g/cm 3 .
  • Drilling sludge is a mixture of water, clayey soil (mainly in a powdery form) and chemicals in a mixing ratio that gives the desired density (specific gravity) and rheological properties (flow properties and consistency) .
  • Barium sulphate is a commonly used ingredient/- chemical in drilling mud/fluid, and is a heavy mineral that in itself has a specific gravity of 4.5 g/cm 3 . Normally, a drilling fluid has a time-limited homogeneity of up to 5-7 weeks. Thereafter, a part of the powdery particles starts to separate out from the water and settles.
  • Each side sack comprises a feed pipe for filling of the liquid into the sack body until the sack is full and the sackcloth fully inflated, while the main chamber is filled up with water only (for example the floodwater itself).
  • water only for example the floodwater itself.
  • both the sacks are filled with the ballast fluid, they will be forced down against the foundation, as a consequence of the higher specific density of the fluid, while an established water pressure in the main sack keeps it fully inflated.
  • the sack With the use of heavy drilling sludge, the sack becomes much more resistant to the buoyancy it is subjected to when the floodwater level rises. It is important to use sludge types that do not harm the environment if/when it is released into the floodwater. Most of the water-based sludge types have such positive characteristics.
  • the specific gravity should be regulated in relation to the characteristics of the floodwater (specific gravity).
  • the lower sack section or the two sack sections are filled with heavy particles, such as stone, gravel, sand, iron-ore concentrated particles or iron-containing pellets.
  • heavy particles such as stone, gravel, sand, iron-ore concentrated particles or iron-containing pellets.
  • the specific gravity of sand in dry condition is 1.6 g/cm 3 .
  • the rolled up sack/hose bag can quickly be rolled out along the area that one wishes the flow water shall be stopped. Thereafter the sack is blown up into an extended sausage shape by the aid of the fluid/water that contains ballast material, either by the fluid having a higher density than water, or with the aid of a suspension with solid particles, as it is explained above.
  • Figures 1A and 1B show schematically a situation in which the buildings in association with a quay are protected against the water by means of a barrier or an extended sack according to the invention.
  • the figures 2A-D show a vertical section of an embodiment of the sack (hose bag) not being part of the invention.
  • Figure 3 shows a section of the hose bag according to figure 2 in a part perspective outline.
  • Figure 4 shows a vertical section of a second embodiment of the barrier hose/sack according to the invention.
  • Figures 5A-C show a vertical section of a third embodiment of the sack according to the invention, i.e. how a series of sacks/hose bags can be mutually connected so that a sufficient sealing action is obtained.
  • Figure 6 shows an alternative anchorage method of the hose/bag.
  • Figure 7 shows an alternative and preferred construction of a sack according to the invention.
  • Figures 8 and 9 show a sack construction that is used to join together two mutually adjacent sacks, so that a good seal between the sacks is obtained.
  • FIGS. 1A and 1B show a situation where water, for example, as a consequence of a spring tide 10, threatens the buildings 12 that stand on a quay area 14.
  • a barrier 16 is placed on the foundation 13 in the form of a sack (hose bag) 16 around the buildings 12.
  • FIG 1B the normal flood level is shown by 18, while the spring tide level, that leads to flooding, is shown by 20.
  • Figure 2 shows (in four stages) the filling of the hose bag/sack 10 in cross-section.
  • Figure 2a shows the bag in its approximate flat state as it looks when it is rolled out from its rolled up/coiled state, while the other figures 2b-2d show the bag as it is gradually filled and fully inflated with water 22 (collected from the floodwater (fresh water or seawater), or a ballast material in the form of drilling fluid or the like.
  • the hose bag 16 will then form a barrier against the rising tide coming into the quay 14.
  • the bag is manufactured from a relatively thick cloth of plastic or corresponding watertight and strong material, that can withstand mechanical forces (overpressure from water and air) without bursting etc.
  • the plastic cloth is preferably reinforced.
  • the part of the bag which shall lie against the foundation can, as an extra precaution (see figs 2A-D ), include a lower extra heavy layer 30, such as a lead mat or inserted lead treads. Thereby, the hose/bag can still be rolled up.
  • the sack/hose bag can easily be emptied of water and rolled up for transport and storage and be rolled out to be used at new use locations.
  • Figure 4 shows a main solution according to the invention, in which the hose bag 16, with the aid of a cloth 34 (a perforated layer), i.e. inserted horizontally, is divided into two chambers, upper chamber 36 and lower chamber 38.
  • a cloth 34 a perforated layer
  • a mixture of water and particles (sand) in a well-stirred state is pumped in with great force into the lower chamber 24 through a separate pipe 32 connected to the bag at 35.
  • the water will at all times percolate through the water permeable cloth 34 and into the upper chamber 36.
  • the ballast material of particles, such as sand is accumulated in the lower chamber 38 and ensures that the hose bag gets a low centre of gravity and is forced against the foundation (the surface of the quay) 13.
  • the upper part is gradually completely filled with the watery part of the mixture and is kept fully inflated by the water pressure.
  • the hose bag according to the invention can be comprised of shorter individual sections that are mutually connected. An example of how this can be solved is shown in the figures 5A-5C .
  • Figure 5A shows the bag 16 which is blanketed by a cover 40 (such as tarpaulin) which, with the aid of side straps 42, can be secured to the anchorage points 44 that can comprise metal rings 44 which are already fastened to the surface of the quay.
  • a cover 40 such as tarpaulin
  • side straps 42 can be secured to the anchorage points 44 that can comprise metal rings 44 which are already fastened to the surface of the quay.
  • straps, chains or the like 48 Arranged on the short side 46 of the bag, i.e. the side that shall be connected to an adjacent bag, are straps, chains or the like 48 which are fastened to the end of an adjacent bag 50 ( figure 5B ).
  • the bags that shall be joined together are put out in a flat state.
  • the straps 48 are fastened between the adjacent bags 16,50 and the bags are filled with the homogenous water mixture with a higher density, or the suspension of water and solid ballast particles. As the bags 16,50 bulge out at the meeting end edges, these end sections are forced against each other with great force so that a secure seal between the two adjoining bags 16,50 is obtained.
  • FIG. 5C also shows a solution in which the upper part of the bag comprises a feed pipe 60 for filling of water or water/sand mixture.
  • the figure shows a solution in which a bleed pipe 62 is connected to the bag at its lower part at 64.
  • the reference number 68 suggests an inner cloth which forms a second lower chamber 70 that can be filled with ballasting sand, while the water percolates upwards into the upper chamber 70.
  • the lower part of the hose bag is wider in the bottom (viewed in cross-section) than in its upper part, this is to create greater stability.
  • FIG. 6 shows an extra anchorage method of the hose/bag.
  • an extended piece of tarpaulin 70 is first placed on the foundation on which the barrier shall lie, the tarpaulin 70 being wider than the area which will be taken up by the barrier bag 16. Then, the bag is put down and filled with water. Thereafter, ballast/stones or the like 72 are placed on top of the tarpaulin 70, against the bag and further along at regular intervals. Then the tarpaulin 70 is folded upwards, from both sides, over the upper surface of the bag and tied together at the top. This will make a strong and safe anchorage of the barrier bag.
  • Figure 7 shows another and preferred embodiment of the sack construction according to the invention. It is shown lying down on a quay 14 to protect against a storm surge. The normal tide level is shown by 18 while the spring tide level that leads to flooding is shown by 20.
  • the sack construction comprises three chamber forming hose-shaped sack sections (that are watertight at each end), a centrally lying main sack 80 and a side sack 82,84, on each side of the main sack 80, which each form a chamber that can be filled with a medium.
  • the side sacks 82,84 have approximately the same length as the main sack and are watertight in each end.
  • the main sack 80 and the side sack 82 are joined together (such as by welding) by way of a joint wall section 81, while the side sack 84 is joined to the main sack 80 by way of a joint wall section 83.
  • the three sack sections form in cross-section an approximately triangular shape.
  • the side sacks 82,84 are arranged low down on the side of the main sack 80 so that the widest part of the construction lies against the foundation 13 that is the surface of the quay and stabilises the whole construction.
  • the main sack is manufactured from a watertight material, as mentioned previously, and is arranged to be filled with water so that the cloth is fully inflated and forms a floodwater barrier with a given height.
  • the side sacks 82,84 are preferably also manufactured from a watertight cloth if they shall be filled with a heavy, mainly homogenous, liquid suspension, such as drilling sludge.
  • the side sacks 82,84 are completely watertight, with the exception of the two joint wall sections 81,83 respectively, which they share with the main sack.
  • the two sidewalls 81,83 comprise a perforated water permeable cloth, a net cloth or the like.
  • Each side sack 82,84 comprises a feed pipe 86,88 with a pipe 90,92 for supply of the fluid into the sack body.
  • both side sacks 82,84 are filled, they will be forced down against the foundation, as a consequence of the higher specific gravity of the fluid or by the particles that will finally fill the side sacks.
  • the main sack 80 comprises clips 100a,b,c on its outside to hook up the pipes (which include stop valves) so that they do not fall down to the ground level and the fluid runs out of the sack again.
  • the figures 8 and 9 show a sack construction that is used to join together the two mutual edge-to-edge adjoining bags 80a,80b (which are watertight in each end), so that one achieves a good seal between the two adjoining sacks.
  • Each end edge of the sacks 80a,80b comprises a wide belt 85 and 87, respectively, which is folded up and round a loose sausage-like sack 89.
  • the smaller sausage-formed sack 89 sideways covers the joined area between the sacks 80a,b and can be filled with sludge or sand.
  • the belts 85,87 are folded upwards and locked together with ropes 91 or similar fastening methods. Thereby, one has obtained a watertight join area between two main sacks.
  • each independent sack should be of a limited length.
  • a long sack can be fitted together with a series of part sacks of smaller lengths.
  • a new method and device which can make prevention of floods simpler and safer than it previously has been possible.
  • the greatest advantage with the new solution according to the invention lies in that one has a need for much less sand that what is known previously, for example from the above mentioned publications, at the same time as one uses water (the floodwater itself) as the main element in the barrier/sack. This will also simplify the cleaning up tasks when the barrier shall be removed.
  • the side chambers i.e. the walls in the side chambers 82,84
  • the side chambers can be opened so that the sand can be removed.
  • the sack can thereby be easily cleaned and made ready to be used again.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Revetment (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)
  • Auxiliary Devices For And Details Of Packaging Control (AREA)
  • Luminescent Compositions (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Procédé pour empêcher ou limiter l'inondation par une crue, où une barrière contre l'eau est établie par un tronçon d'un sac formant tuyau d'un matériau étanche à l'eau, qui est rempli à une pression donnée avec une eau comprenant des particules solides dans un état bien mélangé et avec une densité supérieure à la densité de l'eau de crue, de telle manière que le sac formant tuyau est gonflé établissant ainsi la barrière, alors que les particules solides s'accumulent dans la section inférieure du sac formant tuyau pour renforcer son contact étroit avec la foundation,
    caractérisé par l'utilisation d'un sac formant tuyau allongé divisé en une ou plusieurs chambres inférieures (38; 82, 84) et une chambre adjacente supérieure (36, 80) qui sont mutuellement séparées par un tissu perméable à l'eau (34; 81, 83), et en ce que le mélange d'eau et de particules comme du sable, est pompé avec une grande force dans l'une ou plusieurs chambres inférieures (38; 82, 84) pour les remplir, et les particules s'accumulent dans les chambres inférieures (38; 82, 84) alors que l'eau s'écoule à travers le tissu (34; 81, 83) et dans la chambre adjacente supérieure (36; 80) gonflant ladite chambre.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le sac formant tuyau appliqué est divisé en une chambre supérieure (36) et une chambre inférieure (38) lesdites chambres étant séparées par un tissu perméable à l'eau (34) agencé principalement horizontalement et le mélange eau/sable est pompé dans la chambre inférieure (38) dans laquelle les particules s'accumulent alors que l'eau s'écoule à travers le tissu (34) et dans la chambre supérieure (36) gonflant ladite chambre de sac formant tuyau.
  3. Procédé selon les revendications 1-2, caractérisé en ce qu'on utilise un sac formant tuyau qui est divisé en une chambre principale centrale (80) agencée pour être remplie et gonflée avec de l'eau, alors que deux chambres latérales (82, 84) dans le sens de la longueur sont reliées à la section principale centrale (80), une de chaque côté, et les chambres latérales (82, 84) sont remplies avec le mélange eau/sable, de telle marnière que la chambre latérale laisse s'écouler l'eau dans la section principale centrale à travers les tissus perméables à l'eau (81, 83) gonflant ainsi la chambre (80), alors que le sable s'accumule dans les chambres latérales renforçant ainsi le contact étroit du sac formant tuyau avec la fondation (13).
  4. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'une suspension d'eau et de particules lourdes, de cailloux, de graviers, de terre, de sable, de particules ferreuses, ou de boulettes contenant du fer, etc. est utilisée.
  5. Dispositif pour empêcher ou limiter l'inondation par une crue, comprenant un sac formant tuyau agencé pour être rempli avec de l'eau comprenant des particules solides d'une densité supérieure à la densité de l'eau d'inondation, lesdites particules coulant et s'accumulant pour garder l'élément de sac formant tuyau en contact étroit avec une fondation, alors que l'eau gonfle le sac formant tuyau établissant ainsi une barrière contre la crue, caractérisé en ce que le sac formant tuyau est devisé en une ou plusieurs chambres inférieures (38; 82, 84) et une chambre adjacente supérieure (36, 80), et l'une ou plusieurs chambres inférieures (38; 82, 84) et la chambre adjacente supérieure (36, 80) sont séparées par un tissu perméable à l'eau (34; 81, 83), et la ou les chambre(s) inférieure(s) comprenant des moyens pour pomper le mélange eau/particules dans les chambres,
  6. Dispositif selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que le sac formant tuyau est divisé en une chambre supérieure (36) et une chambre inférieure (38), lesdites chambres étant séparées par un tissu perméable à l'eau (34) perforé agencé principalement horizontalement
  7. Dispositif selon la revendication 5-6, caractérisé en ce que le sac formant tuyau est divisé en une chambre principale centrale (80) et deux chambres inférieures latérales (82, 84), une de chaque côté de la chambre principale, et les deux chambres latérales (82, 84) sont reliées à la chambre principale (80), respectivement, par des tissus perméables à l'eau (81, 83), respectivement.
  8. Dispositif selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que les trois chambres de sac formant tuyau (80; 82, 84) ont une forme approximativement triangulaire en coupe par le positionnement des chambres latérales (82, 84) sur les côtés bas de la chambre principale centrale (80) adjacente de telle manière que la partie la plus large de la structure de sac formant tuyau est positionnée contre la fondation (13).
  9. Dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 5-8, caractérisé en ce que le sac formant tuyau est conçu pour être stocké enroulé ou plié, et amené sur l'emplacement où il doit être utilisé où il est déroulé ou déplié.
EP02755996A 2001-08-27 2002-08-27 Procede et dispositif pour limiter une inondation Expired - Lifetime EP1466054B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NO20014160A NO318292B1 (no) 2001-08-27 2001-08-27 Fremgangsmate og anordning til begrensning av oversvommelser
NO20014160 2001-08-27
PCT/NO2002/000298 WO2003018915A1 (fr) 2001-08-27 2002-08-27 Procede et dispositif pour limiter une inondation

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1466054A1 EP1466054A1 (fr) 2004-10-13
EP1466054B1 true EP1466054B1 (fr) 2008-12-17

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP02755996A Expired - Lifetime EP1466054B1 (fr) 2001-08-27 2002-08-27 Procede et dispositif pour limiter une inondation

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1466054B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE417966T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE60230448D1 (fr)
NO (1) NO318292B1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2003018915A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2854178B1 (fr) * 2003-04-23 2006-02-17 Jean Frederic Guichard Barrage gonflable anti-inondations
DE10326802B4 (de) * 2003-06-13 2008-12-11 Sembritzky, Ute Behälter zum Hochwasserschutz
GB2451286A (en) * 2007-07-27 2009-01-28 Barrie Wade Inflatable flood defence system
GB2512849A (en) * 2013-04-09 2014-10-15 Cintec Int Ltd Inflatable flood defence structural unit and arrangement
CN109881625B (zh) * 2019-03-25 2020-07-10 长江水利委员会长江科学院 一种自稳性防汛构筑物及其快速搭建方法

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2815256A1 (de) * 1978-04-08 1979-10-18 Colcrete Bau Gmbh Co Kg Ballonartig aufblaehbarer absperrschlauch, insbesondere fuer einen deichschluss
US4555201A (en) * 1983-11-14 1985-11-26 Paoluccio John A Sediment dike apparatus and methods
DE3739045A1 (de) * 1986-11-27 1988-06-09 Hollandsche Betongroep Nv Verfahren zur herstellung einer anhaeufung koernigen materials, insbesondere eines dammes oder eines deiches
DE4417672A1 (de) * 1994-05-20 1995-11-23 Gebhardt & Koenig Gesteins Und Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Errichtung von Gewässerschutzdämmen aus Massen, die in Behälter aus Gewebe eingeschlossen sind
US5865564A (en) * 1997-05-23 1999-02-02 Aqua-Barrier, Inc. Water-fillable barrier
US6126362A (en) * 1999-03-01 2000-10-03 Carter; Timothy L. Pressure secured liquid damming protective bank device and method

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NO20014160L (no) 2003-02-28
ATE417966T1 (de) 2009-01-15
NO318292B1 (no) 2005-02-28
WO2003018915A1 (fr) 2003-03-06
DE60230448D1 (de) 2009-01-29
EP1466054A1 (fr) 2004-10-13
NO20014160D0 (no) 2001-08-27

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