EP1455375B1 - Fusible avec une étanchéité temporaire quasi-hermétique de l'intérieur - Google Patents

Fusible avec une étanchéité temporaire quasi-hermétique de l'intérieur Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1455375B1
EP1455375B1 EP03004735A EP03004735A EP1455375B1 EP 1455375 B1 EP1455375 B1 EP 1455375B1 EP 03004735 A EP03004735 A EP 03004735A EP 03004735 A EP03004735 A EP 03004735A EP 1455375 B1 EP1455375 B1 EP 1455375B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tube
interior
fuse element
fusible conductor
sealing element
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP03004735A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1455375A1 (fr
Inventor
Frank Althoff
Werner Barz
Andreas Baus
André Jöllenbeck
Peter PÖSSNICKER
Uwe RÖDER
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Wickmann Werke GmbH
Original Assignee
Wickmann Werke GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Wickmann Werke GmbH filed Critical Wickmann Werke GmbH
Priority to EP03004735A priority Critical patent/EP1455375B1/fr
Priority to DE50312316T priority patent/DE50312316D1/de
Priority to US10/788,215 priority patent/US7138899B2/en
Priority to JP2004057045A priority patent/JP3970854B2/ja
Priority to CNB2004100078943A priority patent/CN100350540C/zh
Publication of EP1455375A1 publication Critical patent/EP1455375A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1455375B1 publication Critical patent/EP1455375B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
    • H01H85/02—Details
    • H01H85/04—Fuses, i.e. expendable parts of the protective device, e.g. cartridges
    • H01H85/041—Fuses, i.e. expendable parts of the protective device, e.g. cartridges characterised by the type
    • H01H85/0411—Miniature fuses
    • H01H85/0415—Miniature fuses cartridge type
    • H01H85/0418—Miniature fuses cartridge type with ferrule type end contacts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
    • H01H85/02—Details
    • H01H85/04—Fuses, i.e. expendable parts of the protective device, e.g. cartridges
    • H01H85/05—Component parts thereof
    • H01H85/143—Electrical contacts; Fastening fusible members to such contacts
    • H01H85/157—Ferrule-end contacts

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fuse element with a fusible conductor which extends in an interior of a cylindrical tube of an electrical insulator between two end faces of the tube, wherein two end caps of an electrically conductive material are applied to the two ends of the tube such that an electrical contact is made to the fusible conductor, wherein the fusible conductor comprises a wire, which is guided around the front sides of the interior of the tube.
  • Fuse components of the type mentioned have long been known.
  • the cylindrical tube consists of a ceramic material and has a circular cylindrical interior and a square outer contour with rounded edges.
  • the fusible conductor is a wire extending diagonally in the interior so as to contact the walls of the tube only at the ends.
  • the wire of the fusible conductor is guided around the ends of the tube at the two ends, with the ends of the fusible conductor wire resting on the outer walls of the tube.
  • metallic end caps are placed on the two ends of the tube.
  • the end caps may, for example, be made of elastic material and pressed onto the ends of the tube, wherein the pressing not only for a tight fit of the end caps, but also provides for the electrical contact to the fusible link.
  • the metal caps can also be glued to the ends of the tube or soldered to them after appropriate preparation of the surface of the outer wall of the tube. A number of techniques are known for applying the end caps, the ensure both a tight fit of the caps as well as a good electrical contact with the fuse element.
  • the caps are applied to the ends of the tube so that the interior is hermetically sealed.
  • the interior may be filled with air, with a special gas mixture (for example, nitrogen) under normal pressure or reduced pressure or may also contain a vacuum.
  • a special gas mixture for example, nitrogen
  • Fuses with a fusible conductor which extends in an interior of a cylindrical tube made of an electrical insulator between two end faces of the tube are, for example, from U.S. Patents 4,158,187 and 4,656,453 known. Two end caps made of an electrically conductive material are applied to the two ends of the tube, that an electrical contact is made to the fusible link.
  • the fusible conductor comprises a wire which is guided around the end faces from the interior of the tube.
  • a heat-resistant elastomer element is introduced, whose cross section is at least as large as the cross section of the tube, and has the task to distribute the forces arising during pressing of the end cap evenly over the entire edge of the tube .
  • U.S. Patent 4,656,453 the fusible conductor inside the interior is connected to the end caps.
  • elastic plugs are pressed into the ends of the interior of the tube. They have an arc-suppressing function, which should be based on the fact that they are when the ends of the fusible conductor have been melted from the arc into the elastic plugs, these ends are sheathed by closing the formed void so that the arc extinguishes.
  • an arc generally forms.
  • the pulse-like energy supply due to the arc heats the optionally present in the interior of the gas and the vaporizing materials by melting.
  • the energy supplied via the arc leads to a sudden, sudden increase in the gas pressure in the interior of the fuse component.
  • This pressure pulse acts on the arc extinguishing and is therefore desirable.
  • a disadvantage of a fuse element with a hermetically sealed interior that the increase in pressure in the interior is also generated when the fuse component, for example, during an assembly process, is heated from the outside. Such heating occurs, for example, during soldering of an SMD fuse component.
  • the pressure increase in the interior of the tube associated with such a heating leads to an undesirable loading of the fuse component and can lead to damage of the component under extreme installation conditions.
  • the object of the invention is to provide an easily manufacturable fuse element, which has the advantage of sudden pressure increase in the case of severing the fusible conductor with a higher reliability of the device when heating during component assembly connects.
  • a fuse element with the features of claim 1.
  • at least one elastic sealing element is introduced at both ends of the tube in a space between the respective cap base and the end face of the tube and / or in a part of the adjoining to the end face of the tube, that the Sealing element is pressed against the end face and / or to the inner wall of the tube, wherein the wire of the fusible conductor is pressed by the sealing member to the end or the inner wall, that due to the deformation of the elastic sealing member between the gas-filled interior of the tube and the outer Environment of the fuse element pressure equalization channels remain of such a small cross-section that pressure changes in the interior are compensated only very slowly, so that a sudden increase in pressure in the interior, as he surrendered due to an arc t, can act on the arc extinguishing.
  • the fuse element With sudden pressure increases within a short time, the fuse element temporarily (temporarily) behaves as if the interior would be hermetically sealed. This should be referred to in the context of this description as a temporary quasihermetician seal the interior.
  • the effective cross-sectional area and the length of the pressure equalization channel or channels between the interior and the external environment are to be dimensioned in dependence on the volume of the interior and the temperature gradients occurring during assembly so that a predetermined maximum pressure increase in the interior is not exceeded during assembly. This results in minimum cross sections and maximum lengths of the pressure equalization channels.
  • the pressure equalization channels should be small enough so that the desired erratic pressure rise in the shutdown is degraded so slowly that he can still act deleting the arc.
  • the system of gas-filled interior and gas-flow pressure equalization channels shows when imprinting a sudden change in pressure in the interior compensation operations that can be modeled in electrical analogy approximately as a low-pass behavior.
  • the result is a time constant of an approximation of a low-pass first order, which can be derived from the exponentially declining pressure in the interior.
  • the fuse element is to be dimensioned so that the time constant of a reduction of sudden changes in the differential pressure between the interior and the external environment in the order of between 10 -2 and 10 2 seconds. With such a preferred dimensioning, the temperature gradients of, for example, 2 Kelvin per second occurring during SMD assembly operations will only cause acceptably low pressure increases in the interior.
  • the sealing elements in each end cap each comprise a platelet-shaped sealing element inserted in the cap base with a shape adapted to the outer cross-section of the tube.
  • These sealing elements are pressed by the caps on the front side of the tubes, wherein the fuse wire between the pressed plate and the end side is passed so that due to the elastic deformation of the inserted plate-shaped sealing element remains a very small pressure equalization channel between the end of the tube, fuse wire and sealing element.
  • the sealing elements each comprise at least one plug-type sealing element of an elastic material pressed in at both ends into the interior of the tube.
  • the plug of elastic material introduced into the interior presses a short section of the fuse wire onto the inner walls of the tube such that between the inner wall of the tube, the wire and the elastic, deformed sealing element remain two pressure equalization channels with very small cross-section.
  • the cross section of the pressure compensation channels depends on the cross section of the wire and on the elastic deformation of the sealing element.
  • an elastic plastic stopper is pressed into the interior at both ends of the tube.
  • the plastic plugs have, in the mechanically unloaded state (before being pressed in), a cross-sectional area which is equal to or slightly larger than the inner cross-sectional area of the tube.
  • the pressed-plastic plug presses the fusible conductor tightly against the inner wall of the tube and surrounds the pressed against the inner wall fusible conductor such that only a very narrow pressure equalization channel between the fusible conductor, the inner wall of the tube and the plastic plug remains.
  • the elastic plastic plug consists for example of a silicone rubber.
  • the fuse element 1 has a fusible conductor 2, which is arranged in the interior 3 of a cylindrical tube 4 such that it passes through the interior 3 approximately diagonally.
  • the diagonal arrangement of the fusible conductor 2 in the interior 3 creates defined environmental conditions on the surface of the fusible conductor, since it does not touch the inner walls of the tube 4.
  • the fuse element 2 is, for example, a wire with a circular shape Cross-section.
  • the fusible conductor may also include a wire spirally wound around an electrically insulating core.
  • the fuse element 2 may also consist of a plurality of interconnected wire sections. At the ends of the tube 4, the fusible conductor is guided around the end faces in such a way that the ends of the fusible conductor 2 rest on the outer wall of the tube 4.
  • End caps made of an electrically conductive material are applied to the ends of the tube 4.
  • the end caps are made of brass sheet and then tinned.
  • the tube 4 may, for example, be made of a ceramic material (eg Al 2 O 3 ), a glass material or another electrical insulator.
  • a plastic tube is used, for example, a tube made of a polyamide copolymer, which may be glass fiber reinforced.
  • the tube 4 is cylindrical and has in the preferred embodiment a circular cylindrical inner wall and a square outer cross-section with rounded edges, as shown in FIG FIG. 1B is shown.
  • the fuse wire 2 is guided around the end faces of the tube 4 in such a way that it rests in the axial direction approximately in the middle on one of the four outer surfaces of the tube 4.
  • the end caps 5 have an inner cross section which is slightly larger than the outer cross section of the tube 4. They are attached to the ends of the tube 4 with the fuse element 2 guided around and deformed from the outside by embossing such that they sit mechanically firmly on the tube 4 and thereby clamp the fuse element 2.
  • a laser pulse soldering is preferably provided at a point 6 between the fusible conductor 2 and the wall of the end cap 5.
  • the tube 4 has an inner diameter of about 2.5 mm and outer dimensions of about 4 mm ⁇ 4 mm ⁇ 9.6 mm.
  • the end caps are about 2.8 mm long and have an outside diameter of about 4.4 mm.
  • an elastically deformable plastic stopper 7 is pressed into the interior 3 at both ends of the tube 4.
  • the outer diameter of the elastic plastic plug corresponds to the inner diameter of the tube 4 or is slightly larger.
  • the plastic plug has a diameter of 2.5 mm and a length of 2 mm.
  • the plastic plug 7 presses the fusible conductor 2 over the length of the plastic plug to the inner wall of the tube 4.
  • the plastic plug 7 is made of a relatively easily deformable elastic material, for example of a silicone rubber. As it is in the enlarged section of the FIG.
  • the material of the plastic plug 7 deforms in the region of the fusible conductor 2 so that it engages around the fusible conductor, wherein on both sides of the support surface of the fusible conductor 2 on the inner wall of the tube 4 slight pressure equalization channels 10 and 11 remain along the fusible conductor 2.
  • the plastic plug 7 must not be made of a material that is plastically deformed and flows such that it completely surrounds the fusible conductor 2 and leaves no pressure equalization channels.
  • a plastic plate 8 between the bottom of the end cap 5 and the end faces of the tube 4 is inserted.
  • plastic plates 8 are compressed and thereby deformed so that they surround the fuse element 2, which rests on the end face of the tube 4, partially.
  • the plastic plate 8 support the plastic plug 7 from.
  • the plastic plate 8 and the plastic plug 7 may for example be made of the same material.

Landscapes

  • Fuses (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Composant fusible (1) avec un conducteur fusible (2), qui s'étend dans un espace interne (3) rempli de gaz d'un petit tube cylindrique (4) formé d'un isolant électrique situé entre deux faces frontales du petit tube (4), dans lequel deux coiffes terminales (5) constituées d'un matériau électroconducteur sont appliquées aux deux extrémités du petit tube (4) de manière à établir un contact électrique avec le conducteur fusible (2), dans lequel le conducteur fusible (2) comprend un fil métallique qui est guidé de l'espace interne (3) du petit tube (4) autour des faces frontales,
    dans lequel respectivement au moins un élément d'étanchéité élastique (7, 8) est inséré sur au moins l'une des deux extrémités dans un espace intermédiaire situé entre le fond de coiffe respectif et la face frontale du petit tube (4) et/ou dans une partie de l'espace interne du petit tube adjacent à la face frontale, caractérisé en ce que l'élément d'étanchéité est inséré de sorte que l'élément d'étanchéité (7, 8) soit pressé sur la face frontale et/ou la paroi interne du petit tube (4), dans lequel le fil du conducteur fusible (2) est pressé par l'élément d'étanchéité sur la face frontale ou la paroi interne de sorte qu'il reste des canaux de compensation de pression (10, 11) de faible section transversale en raison de la déformation de l'élément d'étanchéité élastique entre l'espace interne (3) rempli de gaz du petit tube (4) et l'environnement extérieur du composant fusible (1) de manière à ne compenser des variations de pression dans l'espace interne (3) que très lentement, de sorte qu'une augmentation de pression brusque dans l'espace interne, telle qu'elle se produit en raison d'un arc électrique obtenu par sectionnement du conducteur fusible (2), puisse agir sur l'arc électrique pour le désamorcer.
  2. Composant fusible selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la constante de temps d'une suppression des variations brusques de la pression différentielle entre l'espace interne et l'environnement extérieur est de l'ordre de 10-2 à 102 secondes.
  3. Composant fusible selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les éléments d'étanchéité dans chaque coiffe d'extrémité (5) comprennent respectivement un élément d'étanchéité élastique (8) en forme de plaquette introduit dans le fond de la coiffe et ayant une forme adaptée à la section transversale externe du petit tube.
  4. Composant fusible selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que les éléments d'étanchéité comprennent respectivement au moins un élément d'étanchéité (7) en matériau élastique du genre bouchon enfoncé aux deux extrémités dans l'espace interne du petit tube (4).
  5. Composant fusible selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que, dans l'espace interne (3), un bouchon de matériau synthétique élastique (7) est respectivement enfoncé aux deux extrémités du petit tube (4), dans lequel le bouchon de matériau synthétique (7) présente à l'état non sollicité mécaniquement une surface en section transversale qui est identique ou légèrement supérieure à la surface de la section transversale interne du petit tube, lequel bouchon de matériau synthétique enfoncé (7) presse étroitement l'élément fusible (2) contre la paroi interne du petit tube (4) et entoure en l'occurrence l'élément fusible pressé contre la paroi interne de sorte qu'il ne reste qu'un canal de compensation de pression (10, 11) très étroit entre l'élément fusible (2), la paroi interne du petit tube (4) et le bouchon de matériau synthétique (7).
  6. Composant fusible selon la revendication 4 ou 5, caractérisé en ce que l'élément d'étanchéité de type bouchon, qui est enfoncé aux deux extrémités du petit tube dans l'espace interne, présente sur sa face tournée vers les fonds de coiffe une section transversale agrandie de sorte que l'élément d'étanchéité remplisse au moins partiellement un espace intermédiaire entre la face frontale du petit tube et le fond de coiffe.
  7. Composant fusible selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que l'espace interne (3) du petit tube (4) présente une section transversale circulaire.
  8. Composant fusible selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que le petit tube (4) présente un contour externe carré avec des arêtes arrondies.
  9. Composant fusible selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce que le petit tube (4) est constitué d'un matériau synthétique.
EP03004735A 2003-03-04 2003-03-04 Fusible avec une étanchéité temporaire quasi-hermétique de l'intérieur Expired - Lifetime EP1455375B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP03004735A EP1455375B1 (fr) 2003-03-04 2003-03-04 Fusible avec une étanchéité temporaire quasi-hermétique de l'intérieur
DE50312316T DE50312316D1 (de) 2003-03-04 2003-03-04 Schmelzsicherungsbauelement mit einer temporär quasi-hermetischen Abdichtung des Innenraums
US10/788,215 US7138899B2 (en) 2003-03-04 2004-02-26 Fuse element with a temporary quasi-hermetic seal of its interior
JP2004057045A JP3970854B2 (ja) 2003-03-04 2004-03-02 内部の一時的準気密シールを備えるヒューズエレメント
CNB2004100078943A CN100350540C (zh) 2003-03-04 2004-03-03 具有内腔临时准密封的熔断保险元件

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP03004735A EP1455375B1 (fr) 2003-03-04 2003-03-04 Fusible avec une étanchéité temporaire quasi-hermétique de l'intérieur

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1455375A1 EP1455375A1 (fr) 2004-09-08
EP1455375B1 true EP1455375B1 (fr) 2010-01-06

Family

ID=32798761

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP03004735A Expired - Lifetime EP1455375B1 (fr) 2003-03-04 2003-03-04 Fusible avec une étanchéité temporaire quasi-hermétique de l'intérieur

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US7138899B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1455375B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP3970854B2 (fr)
CN (1) CN100350540C (fr)
DE (1) DE50312316D1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE202015101840U1 (de) 2015-04-15 2015-04-30 Inter Control Hermann Köhler Elektrik GmbH & Co. KG Schmelzsicherungsbauelement

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US7436283B2 (en) * 2003-11-20 2008-10-14 Cooper Technologies Company Mechanical reinforcement structure for fuses
DE102005033212B4 (de) * 2005-06-07 2007-04-19 Siba Fuses Gmbh & Co. Kg Hochspannungssicherung
WO2007119358A1 (fr) * 2006-03-16 2007-10-25 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Fusible monte en surface
CN101308744B (zh) * 2007-05-18 2010-05-19 爱迪生电气研发（上海）有限公司 熔断器及其装配方法
US8154376B2 (en) * 2007-09-17 2012-04-10 Littelfuse, Inc. Fuses with slotted fuse bodies
US9190235B2 (en) * 2007-12-29 2015-11-17 Cooper Technologies Company Manufacturability of SMD and through-hole fuses using laser process
US9224564B2 (en) * 2010-06-04 2015-12-29 Littelfuse, Inc. Fuse with counter-bore body
CN102891052A (zh) * 2011-07-19 2013-01-23 天津市双赢电子有限公司 保险管
US9202656B2 (en) * 2011-10-27 2015-12-01 Littelfuse, Inc. Fuse with cavity block
EP3142137B1 (fr) * 2011-10-27 2018-12-12 Littelfuse, Inc. Fusible avec bouchons isolés
US9558905B2 (en) 2011-10-27 2017-01-31 Littelfuse, Inc. Fuse with insulated plugs
CN103730298A (zh) * 2012-10-13 2014-04-16 温州市方为熔断器有限公司 一种熔体表面带有防氧化涂层的熔断器
US9460882B2 (en) * 2013-03-14 2016-10-04 Littelfuse, Inc. Laminated electrical fuse
CN103337430B (zh) * 2013-06-17 2015-10-21 东莞市博钺电子有限公司 端头无焊锡的表面贴装型熔断器及其制作方法
JP6062905B2 (ja) * 2013-10-16 2017-01-18 スマート エレクトロニクス インク 表面実装用ヒューズおよびそれを含む構造体
CN103903929B (zh) * 2014-04-01 2016-08-31 南京萨特科技发展有限公司 一种芯片型保护元件及其批量制造方法
US10388483B2 (en) * 2015-02-14 2019-08-20 Nanjing Sart Science & Technology Development Co., Ltd Protective element
JP6479707B2 (ja) * 2016-04-27 2019-03-06 太陽誘電株式会社 電子部品用ヒューズ、並びに、ヒューズ付き電子部品モジュール
US10276338B2 (en) 2016-06-01 2019-04-30 Littelfuse, Inc. Hollow fuse body with trench
US10325744B2 (en) * 2016-06-01 2019-06-18 Littelfuse, Inc. Hollow fuse body with notched ends
FR3097636B1 (fr) * 2019-06-20 2021-07-02 Christian Hug Détecteur autonome et irréversible de variation de pression
DE102019122611A1 (de) * 2019-08-22 2021-02-25 Endress+Hauser SE+Co. KG SMD-lötbares Bauelement und Verfahren zum Herstellen eines SMD-lötbaren Bauelements
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE202015101840U1 (de) 2015-04-15 2015-04-30 Inter Control Hermann Köhler Elektrik GmbH & Co. KG Schmelzsicherungsbauelement

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20040183646A1 (en) 2004-09-23
CN1530994A (zh) 2004-09-22
EP1455375A1 (fr) 2004-09-08
US7138899B2 (en) 2006-11-21
JP2004342590A (ja) 2004-12-02
JP3970854B2 (ja) 2007-09-05
CN100350540C (zh) 2007-11-21
DE50312316D1 (de) 2010-02-25

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