EP1445778A2 - Poudre magnétique électroconducteur - Google Patents

Poudre magnétique électroconducteur Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1445778A2
EP1445778A2 EP04001172A EP04001172A EP1445778A2 EP 1445778 A2 EP1445778 A2 EP 1445778A2 EP 04001172 A EP04001172 A EP 04001172A EP 04001172 A EP04001172 A EP 04001172A EP 1445778 A2 EP1445778 A2 EP 1445778A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
magnetic
electrically conductive
component
powder
volume
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP04001172A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1445778A3 (fr
Inventor
Frank Dietrich
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Metallux AG
Original Assignee
Metallux AG
Metallux GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE2003104794 external-priority patent/DE10304794B4/de
Priority claimed from DE2003123765 external-priority patent/DE10323765B4/de
Application filed by Metallux AG, Metallux GmbH filed Critical Metallux AG
Publication of EP1445778A2 publication Critical patent/EP1445778A2/fr
Publication of EP1445778A3 publication Critical patent/EP1445778A3/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H36/00—Switches actuated by change of magnetic field or of electric field, e.g. by change of relative position of magnet and switch, by shielding
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
    • H01B1/02—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors mainly consisting of metals or alloys
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
    • H01B1/14—Conductive material dispersed in non-conductive inorganic material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
    • H01B1/14—Conductive material dispersed in non-conductive inorganic material
    • H01B1/18—Conductive material dispersed in non-conductive inorganic material the conductive material comprising carbon-silicon compounds, carbon or silicon
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01C—RESISTORS
    • H01C17/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing resistors
    • H01C17/06—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing resistors adapted for coating resistive material on a base
    • H01C17/065—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing resistors adapted for coating resistive material on a base by thick film techniques, e.g. serigraphy
    • H01C17/06506—Precursor compositions therefor, e.g. pastes, inks, glass frits
    • H01C17/06513—Precursor compositions therefor, e.g. pastes, inks, glass frits characterised by the resistive component
    • H01C17/06526—Precursor compositions therefor, e.g. pastes, inks, glass frits characterised by the resistive component composed of metals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
    • H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
    • H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
    • H01F1/032—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials
    • H01F1/04—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials metals or alloys
    • H01F1/06—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials metals or alloys in the form of particles, e.g. powder
    • H01F1/061—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials metals or alloys in the form of particles, e.g. powder with a protective layer
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
    • H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
    • H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
    • H01F1/12—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials
    • H01F1/14—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials metals or alloys
    • H01F1/20—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of soft-magnetic materials metals or alloys in the form of particles, e.g. powder
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
    • H01F1/44—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of magnetic liquids, e.g. ferrofluids
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H29/00—Switches having at least one liquid contact
    • H01H29/02—Details
    • H01H29/04—Contacts; Containers for liquid contacts
    • H01H29/06—Liquid contacts characterised by the material thereof
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H36/00—Switches actuated by change of magnetic field or of electric field, e.g. by change of relative position of magnet and switch, by shielding
    • H01H2036/0086—Movable or fixed contacts formed by permanent magnets

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an electrically conductive, magnetic powder.
  • connections are made, for example to an electrical Control signal or an electrical voltage or an electrical current between the interconnected Transfer contacts.
  • the following are considered all dynamic connections, i.e. connections that are dependent predetermined conditions closed and opened or be changed.
  • Switches are arranged in a switch Contacts depending on an actuation of the switch with each other connected or separated.
  • Such Switches can be configured as limit switches, for example be the different relative positions between the contacts and a connecting element for connecting the contacts detect.
  • the connecting element physically contacted with the contacts to the respective Connection. manufacture.
  • they are electronic working solutions possible, in which the switch, for example inductive, capacitive, optical, with ultrasound or is operated using the reverb effect to the generate the desired switching signal.
  • Potentiometers where one Collector track is arranged along a resistance track and where a connecting element connects the collector to the Resistance connects.
  • the connecting element is along of the tracks adjustable, the output signal of the Potentiometers from the relative position of the connecting element depends on the tracks.
  • the connecting element is usually designed as a grinder. Since such solutions are prone to wear, are already electrical or electronic solutions applied, the contactless and therefore wear-free work. Potentiometers are used for distance and Angle sensors needed.
  • Dynamic connections with physical or abrasive Contacting the connecting element with the respective Working contacts can be made relatively inexpensively are, however, prone to wear and tear for a long service life and reliability of each Component disadvantageous. In contrast, you can electronic systems work contactless, so quasi no wear occurs. However, electronic systems are comparatively expensive. Furthermore, also with electronic Systems high reliability only limited be guaranteed.
  • the present invention addresses the problem for the dynamic connection of at least two electrical ones To show contacts a way that can be realized inexpensively is long and with a high reliability Lifetime of a system working with it.
  • the invention is based on the general idea of providing an electrically conductive and magnetic or ferromagnetic powder.
  • a CMP M Conductive agnet P owder
  • two or more electrical contacts can be connected to one another with the CMP, since according to the invention the CMP is sufficiently electrically conductive. It is also possible to position the CMP along contacts, for example in a potentiometer. Although there is physical contact between the CMP and the respective contacts, friction coefficients can also occur between the relatively small ones. Particles and a solid be extremely small. Accordingly, the electrical contacts can be contacted with the CMP virtually without wear.
  • the CMP can be used to connect a connecting element in an electrical component be provided by means of magnetic Forces contactless relative to the respective contacts can be adjusted. This allows wear-free working systems can be realized that work reliably and have a long service life.
  • an inventive electrically conductive, magnetic powder 1 in the following also called CMP volume 1, electrically conductive, magnetic Particles 2.
  • the particles 2 from any magnetically attractable, i.e. ferromagnetic Material. It is important that the particles 2 can be attracted by magnetic forces.
  • the particles 2 can be soft magnetic or hard magnetic. Basically, it may be sufficient to have a predetermined one Part of the particles 2 to be electrically conductive and magnetic. However, a variant is preferred in which all Particles 2 of powder 1 are electrically conductive and magnetic are, so that the powder 1 is then made of electrically conductive and magnetic particles 2 exists.
  • the particles 2 consist of a magnetic and electrically conductive material.
  • the particles 2 made of iron or Steel or nickel exist.
  • the particles 2 can be one have magnetic core 4 with an electrical conductive coating 5 is provided.
  • the magnetic core 4 can then consist of an electrically non-conductive material.
  • the cores 4 consist of ferrite, the as base material for the production of magnetic bodies, e.g. in generators or electric motors.
  • the surface the cores 4 need not be completely coated, likewise, not all cores 4 with the coating 5 need to be be provided.
  • an embodiment is preferred in which the cores 4 are completely coated on their surface are and / or in which all cores 4 with the coating 5 are provided.
  • the concentration of electrically conductive particles 2 in powder 1 becomes dependent the selected electrical conductivity of the CMP volume 1 selected.
  • the electrical coating 5 of the cores 4 can, for example with carbon or with a metal, in particular can be realized with a more or less noble metal.
  • the particles 2 are preferably premagnetized. This has as a result that the individual particles 2 mutually like attracting small magnets and creating a coherent Conglomerate volume. Such a volume or conglomerate the magnetized particle 2 behaves dynamically quasi like a liquid.
  • the particles 2 can be a relatively small medium Have grain size, in particular less than 50 microns or less than 40 ⁇ m or less than 35 ⁇ m.
  • the internal friction and the external friction can also be reduced in that the particles 2 are spherical or are approximately spherical.
  • the powder 1 then has an essentially spherical grain.
  • the powder 1 into a liquid or carrier liquid 3, as a result of which the friction can also be reduced.
  • the carrier liquid 3 used for this purpose can then form a dispersion with the particles 2 contained therein.
  • An oil for example, is suitable as carrier liquid 3.
  • a carrier liquid 3 which has a relatively large surface tension is advantageous. A large surface tension brings about a relatively strong cohesion of the CMF volume 1 'thus formed and counteracts creep and adhesion of the carrier liquid 3 to a body in contact with it.
  • An embodiment in which a non-migrating oil is used as carrier liquid 3 is particularly advantageous.
  • a single particle 2 is shown in FIG. 2 for clarification shown, which has a magnetic core 4, the its outside with an electrically conductive coating 5 is provided.
  • the electrically conductive, magnetic powder according to the invention 1 can be produced particularly simply in that electrically conductive and magnetic particles 2 in one bulk grain size can be provided.
  • the electric Conductive and magnetic particles 2 can for example be made by magnetic Cores 4 are provided with an electrically conductive coating 5 become.
  • the CMP volume 1 or the electrically conductive, magnetic powder 1 is particularly suitable for use in an electrical component for transmission an electrical signal and / or an electrical Voltage and / or an electrical current between at least two electrical contacts.
  • a potentiometer 6 has three connections 7, 8, 9 and a resistor 10 to which the 8 designated connection with a symbolized by an arrow Connecting element 11 at different positions, can access at different resistance values.
  • the connecting element 11 In Dependence of the positioning of the connecting element 11 generates the potentiometer 6 at its connections 7, 8, 9 Output signals, which are evaluated in a corresponding circuit can be.
  • Fig. 4 shows an embodiment in which the potentiometer 6 is designed as a linear displacement transducer.
  • the potentiometer 6 contains a resistance track 12, the first forms electrical contact, as well as a collector track 13, which forms a second electrical contact.
  • the connecting element 11 is here by a volume, in particular a drop-shaped conglomerate, the electrically conductive, magnetic powder 1 is formed and is therefore in the following also referred to as actuation volume 11 or CMP volume 1.
  • the actuation volume 11 or the CMP volume is 1 positioned so that the CMP volume 1 both the Collector track 13 and the resistance track 12 contacted. It is clear that here is basically a volume the electrically conductive, magnetic described above Liquid 1 '(CMF volume) in a corresponding manner can be used. The following explanations apply therefore basically also for a CMF volume 1 '.
  • This positioning of the CMP volume 1 becomes corresponding Fig. 5 realized with the help of magnetic forces 14 which in 5 are symbolized by broken lines.
  • the magnetic Forces 14 are from an actuator 15 generated.
  • this actuator 15 has an actuator 16 which corresponding to arrows 17 relative to the contacts or tracks 12, 13 of the potentiometer 6 is adjustable.
  • the actuator 16 can at least contain a magnet 18, the permanent magnet or can be designed as an electromagnet.
  • the actuator 16 be connected to an object whose Relative movements are recorded with the displacement sensor should.
  • the contacts 12, 13 or the resistance track 12 and the collector track 13 as well the CMP volume 1 housed in a housing 20 be that it is expediently hermetically sealed to the outside.
  • This housing 20 is here at least on one of the tracks or contacts 12, 13 opposite wall 21 for the magnetic Forces 14 designed permeable.
  • the outside of the housing 20 or the actuating device arranged on the outside of the housing 20 15 can thus through the wall 21 act on the CMP volume 1. Accordingly, one causes Relative adjustment of the actuator 16 along the outside the housing 20 a corresponding relative adjustment of the CMP volume 1 in the housing 20.
  • the Actuator 16 advantageously positioned relative to the housing 20 be that it is spaced apart from the housing 20, ie is non-contact adjustable along the housing 20.
  • the inventive application of the electrically conductive, magnetic Powder 1 in the potentiometer 6 to implement the dynamic contacting of the tracks or contacts 12, 13 leads to minimal friction between the CMP volume 1 and the surface of the contacts or tracks 12, 13.
  • the Forces to adjust the CMP volume 1 are therefore very high small.
  • there is wear on the contacts or Lanes 12, 13 and the CMP volume 1 virtually do not open, so that the lifespan and reliability of the potentiometer 6 increased.
  • Another advantage of the whole extremely reduced friction can be seen in that the necessary for adjusting the potentiometer 6 Actuating forces are extremely small, so that the potentiometer 6 can be designed as a precision instrument.
  • the resistance track 12 and the collector track 13 can for example in the form of a conductive plastic, so-called Conductive ,. be applied to a substrate 22.
  • Corresponding 6 are two conductor tracks in the substrate 22 23, 24 embedded, of which the one to the designated 7 Connection leads and connected to the resistance track 12 is.
  • the other conductor 24 leads to the 8th designated connection and is covered with the collector track 13.
  • the resistance track 12 is on the one hand at its ends with the conductor 23 and the other with the designated 9 Connection connected.
  • the longitudinal webs 25 are electrically non-conductive and close between themselves Channel 26 in which the CMP volume 1 is accommodated and is adjustable along the tracks 12, 13. This is it CMP volume 1 enclosed in a defined space, see above that the volume 11 is constantly reforming itself can, for example, if it is divided by vibrations should be.
  • FIG. 7 shows another embodiment in which the resistance track 12 and the collector track 13 together, but in different levels face each other.
  • the potentiometer 6 comparatively be built compactly, e.g. is only a longitudinal web 25 for separation of channel 26 required. Likewise reduced the required CMP volume 1.
  • the actuating device has 15 the actuator 16, which is relative to the contacts or tracks 12, 13 can be adjusted while doing so the corresponding positioning of the CMP volume 1 causes.
  • the actuator 15 have a magnetic force generator according to Type of a linear motor is formed. This magnetic force generator then extends along one for the CMP volume 1 predetermined adjustment path. In the present case the magnetic force generator would then move along the tracks or contacts 12, 13 extend. The magnetic force generator can then generate magnetic forces that the CMP volume 1 along this adjustment path, i.e. along the contacts or Lanes 12, 13 drives. So it is possible without relative movement between the actuator 15 and the contacts or tracks 12, 13 a relative adjustment of the CMP volume 1 to generate, in which only a corresponding Magnetic field positioned along the tracks or contacts 12, 13 becomes.
  • a potentiometer as in FIGS. 4 to 7, that is additionally equipped with one or more switches is, a switch, a sealed switch, a limit switch, a proximity switch, a tap changer, an incremental encoder, an absolute encoder, a relay, a sealed one Relay and so on.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Switches That Are Operated By Magnetic Or Electric Fields (AREA)
  • Adjustable Resistors (AREA)
  • Conductive Materials (AREA)
  • Hard Magnetic Materials (AREA)
EP04001172A 2003-02-05 2004-01-21 Poudre magnétique électroconducteur Withdrawn EP1445778A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10304794 2003-02-05
DE2003104794 DE10304794B4 (de) 2003-02-05 2003-02-05 Verwendung einer elektrisch leitenden, magnetischen Flüssigkeit
DE10323765 2003-05-22
DE2003123765 DE10323765B4 (de) 2003-05-22 2003-05-22 Elektrisches Bauteil und Verwendung eines elektrisch leitenden, magnetischen Pulvers

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1445778A2 true EP1445778A2 (fr) 2004-08-11
EP1445778A3 EP1445778A3 (fr) 2005-05-04

Family

ID=32657782

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP04001172A Withdrawn EP1445778A3 (fr) 2003-02-05 2004-01-21 Poudre magnétique électroconducteur

Country Status (2)

Country Link
US (1) US20040155228A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1445778A3 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102007028663A1 (de) * 2007-06-21 2008-12-24 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Magnetorheologische Kompositmaterialien mit hartmagnetischen Partikeln, Verfahren zu deren Herstellung sowie deren Verwendung
CN103245399A (zh) * 2012-02-01 2013-08-14 罗伯特·博世有限公司 罐液位传感器

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102005003741B4 (de) * 2004-06-26 2007-06-06 Alfmeier Präzision AG Baugruppen und Systemlösungen Füllstandsgeber für einen Tank

Citations (3)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0354131A2 (fr) * 1988-08-05 1990-02-07 Potters Industries, Inc. Système de revêtement de particules de ferrite et écran électromagnétique
JPH0428203A (ja) * 1990-05-23 1992-01-30 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd 無接触ポテンショメータ
US6290868B1 (en) * 1999-05-27 2001-09-18 Sandia Corporation Field-structured material media and methods for synthesis thereof

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US4644101A (en) * 1985-12-11 1987-02-17 At&T Bell Laboratories Pressure-responsive position sensor
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EP0692137B1 (fr) * 1994-01-27 2002-04-10 Loctite (Ireland) Limited Compositions et procedes de formation de liaisons et de chemins conducteurs anisotropes entre deux groupes de conducteurs
JP4243413B2 (ja) * 2000-05-31 2009-03-25 セイコーエプソン株式会社 磁石粉末の製造方法およびボンド磁石の製造方法
US20060273785A1 (en) * 2005-06-03 2006-12-07 Lindblom Steven L Magnetic field sensing device

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0354131A2 (fr) * 1988-08-05 1990-02-07 Potters Industries, Inc. Système de revêtement de particules de ferrite et écran électromagnétique
JPH0428203A (ja) * 1990-05-23 1992-01-30 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd 無接触ポテンショメータ
US6290868B1 (en) * 1999-05-27 2001-09-18 Sandia Corporation Field-structured material media and methods for synthesis thereof

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN Bd. 016, Nr. 196 (E-1200), 12. Mai 1992 (1992-05-12) & JP 04 028203 A (MATSUSHITA ELECTRIC IND CO LTD), 30. Januar 1992 (1992-01-30) *

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102007028663A1 (de) * 2007-06-21 2008-12-24 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Magnetorheologische Kompositmaterialien mit hartmagnetischen Partikeln, Verfahren zu deren Herstellung sowie deren Verwendung
CN103245399A (zh) * 2012-02-01 2013-08-14 罗伯特·博世有限公司 罐液位传感器
CN103245399B (zh) * 2012-02-01 2018-01-26 罗伯特·博世有限公司 罐液位传感器

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Publication number Publication date
EP1445778A3 (fr) 2005-05-04
US20040155228A1 (en) 2004-08-12

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