EP1445338B1 - Procédé de traitement thermique de piéces metalliques sous une atmosphère inerte - Google Patents

Procédé de traitement thermique de piéces metalliques sous une atmosphère inerte Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1445338B1
EP1445338B1 EP04002129A EP04002129A EP1445338B1 EP 1445338 B1 EP1445338 B1 EP 1445338B1 EP 04002129 A EP04002129 A EP 04002129A EP 04002129 A EP04002129 A EP 04002129A EP 1445338 B1 EP1445338 B1 EP 1445338B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
protective gas
current consumption
gas atmosphere
electric motor
during
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP04002129A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP1445338A1 (fr
Inventor
Gerhard Bussmann
Manfred Szigan
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
LOI Thermprocess GmbH
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LOI Thermprocess GmbH
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Publication date
Application filed by LOI Thermprocess GmbH filed Critical LOI Thermprocess GmbH
Publication of EP1445338A1 publication Critical patent/EP1445338A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1445338B1 publication Critical patent/EP1445338B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D11/00—Process control or regulation for heat treatments
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/74—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material
    • C21D1/767—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material with forced gas circulation; Reheating thereof
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B11/00—Bell-type furnaces
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D19/00—Arrangements of controlling devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D7/00—Forming, maintaining, or circulating atmospheres in heating chambers
    • F27D7/04—Circulating atmospheres by mechanical means

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for annealing metal parts in a protective gas atmosphere in a Gllickaum.
  • Such an annealing method in which the metal parts are heated during a heating phase, maintained at a substantially constant temperature during a holding phase and cooled during a cooling phase, is known from US Pat US 4 571 273 A known.
  • the protective gas is exchanged for a specific light inert gas in order to reduce the cooling time.
  • Such processes are carried out in industrial furnaces under protective gas, which may consist of one or more different gases according to the respective requirements.
  • the shielding gas may be, for example, neutral inert gas such as nitrogen and / or a reducing gas such as hydrogen or a carbon-containing gas or a mixture of gases.
  • the annealing space is usually heated indirectly.
  • a heat treatment method in which metal parts are heated in a vacuum in a chamber and heat treated in a carbonaceous atmosphere. Thereafter, cooling gas is introduced into the chamber through an inlet provided with a valve. The cooling gas is circulated in the chamber by means of a blower driven by an electric motor. Through an outlet, which is provided with a valve, the gas can be drained.
  • the temperature and pressure fluctuate, so that the density of the gas changes in the chamber.
  • the current consumption of the motor that drives the fan increases.
  • the current consumption of the motor is detected.
  • the density of the gas in the chamber is reduced by controlling the valves in the inlet and / or outlet to reduce the flow of gas into the chamber and / or or the flow of gas through the outlet increases.
  • An important process is the annealing of metal parts in bell annealing furnaces, for example the blank or recrystallization annealing of sheets, strips or wires that are wound into coils and stacked for annealing.
  • the surface of the sheets, strips or wires are contaminated with rolling emulsions or oils.
  • the protective gas atmosphere exchanged, d. H. that the annealing space is rinsed.
  • purging inert gas is introduced into the annealing space continuously or at predetermined intervals, while the inert gas atmosphere flows. So far, the protective gas supply is carried out according to fixed flushing rates or with predetermined volume flows and calculated flushing times.
  • During the holding phase is usually at intervals with a predetermined protective gas flow rate, about 5 to 35 m 3 per hour, rinsed.
  • the shielding gas consumption which significantly influences the annealing costs, is relatively large in the known methods. Nevertheless, a consistent sufficient surface cleanliness is not guaranteed, because the amounts of emulsion or oil on the surface of the metal parts can be very different.
  • the object of the invention is accordingly to eliminate these deficiencies and to provide a method by which the control of the flushing process can be improved and the protective gas consumption can be reduced.
  • the invention is based on the finding that the current consumption of the electric motor changes as a function of the density of the protective gas atmosphere. Since the temperature of the inert gas atmosphere is substantially constant in the holding phase, non-temperature-related changes in density can be detected, in particular density changes due to increased oil or emulsion Abdampfraten.
  • the change in the current consumption can be used as a signal to control the exchange of the protective gas.
  • the change in power consumption can be used as a signal to adjust the flushing rate or the volume flow of the protective gas in phases of higher evaporation of rolling emulsions or oils from the surface of the metal parts.
  • the methane formation from cracking products or the soot formation by methane failure in the holding phase and / or the cooling phase or dew point changes can be detected and the heat treatment process can be controlled accordingly.
  • a fan of small power with a standardized motor can be used exclusively for the purpose of detecting changes in density.
  • Such an auxiliary blower provides accurate measurement data.
  • the replacement of the protective gas can be controlled by flushing programs that control the volume flow of the incoming protective gas or the outflowing inert gas atmosphere, the number and / or the duration of flushing intervals.
  • the volume flow can be changed, for example, by adjusting an outlet-side control valve in the opening direction and consequently more protective gas flows into the annealing space of the bell annealing furnace.
  • Rinse programs can be created or optimized based on the actual values of the current consumption.
  • the flushing quantity or the volume flow of the protective gas and / or the flushing duration can be controlled as a function of the exhaust steam behavior of the coil stacks.
  • the current consumption of the electric motor is compared with a desired value curve.
  • a signal is formed which is used to control the exchange of the inert gas atmosphere.
  • a maximum value of the power consumption is preferably set.
  • flushing is carried out by changing the number of purging intervals, lengthening purging times and / or increasing the volume flow of the protective gas until the current consumption drops below a set nominal value. In this way, in heat treatment processes maximum circulation and cooling performance can be achieved.
  • it is a method for bright annealing of steel sheets in a Glrockaum a bell annealing furnace, not shown, with a circulating fan in a protective gas atmosphere, which consists essentially of hydrogen.
  • a protective gas atmosphere which consists essentially of hydrogen.
  • the rinsing is controlled by means of a rinsing program.
  • Inert gas is supplied through a protective gas line, in which a controllable valve is located in a known manner.
  • the inert gas atmosphere flows through an outlet line, which also contains a valve.
  • the drawing shows the current consumption (amperes) of the electric motor of the circulating fan and the supplied protective gas volume flow (m 3 per hour) as a function of time (hours).
  • the diagram shown in the drawing shows a heating phase A, a holding phase B and a cooling phase C.
  • the current consumption of the electric motor is shown by means of a solid line.
  • the protective gas volume flow is shown as a dashed line.
  • the protective gas atmosphere is heated to a predetermined temperature, here about 700 ° C.
  • the first increase in power consumption is due to the speed increase. Thereafter, the current consumption decreases, since with increasing temperature, the density of the inert gas atmosphere decreases.
  • the temperature of the protective gas atmosphere is kept substantially constant.
  • the speed of the circulating fan is also constant.
  • the shielding gas is introduced into the annealing space with a minimum volume flow and the inert gas atmosphere is removed, depending on a nominal value.
  • the volumetric flow rate is determined by minimum surface cleanliness requirements and minimum surface load of the steel strip with emulsion or oil, and may be 2 m 3 to 20 m 3 per hour. In the exemplary embodiment, the volume flow is about 3 m 3 .
  • the increase in power consumption to be recognized in the diagram is due to a density increase of the protective gas atmosphere due to a high proportion of evaporating oil vapor.
  • the increase in the current consumption of the electric motor of the circulation fan is used as a signal to control the exchange the protective gas atmosphere used.
  • the volume flow of the protective gas supplied is increased until the current consumption is again constant or falls. By the need-based flushing the consumption of purge gas is kept low.
  • the temperature of the protective gas atmosphere is cooled.
  • the current consumption of the motor increases according to a defined setpoint curve according to the density increase.
  • the current consumption of the electric motor is compared with the setpoint curve. Any deviation in the curve of the current consumption thus suggests an additional change in the atmospheric density. This can be, for example, an undesirable methane formation. If the actual value deviates from the respective desired value, a signal is formed which is used to control the heat treatment process and / or to control the exchange of the inert gas atmosphere.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Furnace Details (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
  • Heat Treatments In General, Especially Conveying And Cooling (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Strip Materials And Filament Materials (AREA)

Claims (3)

  1. Procédé de traitement thermique de pièces métalliques sous une atmosphère de gaz protecteur dans une chambre de traitement thermique, dans lequel
    - on chauffe les pièces métalliques pendant une phase de chauffage (A), on les maintient à une température constante pendant une phase de maintien (B), au cours de laquelle la température de l'atmosphère de gaz protecteur est maintenue constante, et on les refroidit éventuellement pendant une phase de refroidissement (C),
    - pendant la phase de maintien (B), on introduit un gaz protecteur en continu ou par intermittence avec un courant volumique prédéterminé dans la chambre de traitement thermique et on évacue l'atmosphère de gaz protecteur,
    - dans l'atmosphère de gaz protecteur, on fait tourner en continu avec une vitesse constante un ventilateur qui est entraîné par un moteur électrique,
    - on détermine la consommation de courant du moteur électrique pendant la phase de maintien (B),
    on règle le nombre et/ou la durée des intervalles de balayage et/ou le courant volumique du gaz protecteur à des valeurs minimales,
    en cas d'augmentation de la consommation de courant du moteur électrique, on augmente le nombre et/ou la durée des intervalles de balayage et/ou le courant volumique du même gaz protecteur, jusqu'à ce que la consommation de courant du moteur électrique soit constante ou diminue.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que, pendant la phase de chauffage (A) et éventuellement pendant la phase de refroidissement (C), on compare la consommation de courant du moteur électrique avec une courbe de valeur de consigne et en ce que, en fonction de l'écart de la valeur réelle de la consommation de courant par rapport à la valeur de consigne, on forme un signal qui est utilisé pour commander l'échange de l'atmosphère de gaz protecteur.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que l'on fixe une valeur maximale de la consommation de courant et en ce que, en cas d'augmentation de la consommation de courant au-delà de la valeur maximale, on change le nombre des intervalles de balayage, on allonge les temps de balayage et/ou on augmente le courant volumique du gaz protecteur jusqu'à ce que la consommation de courant diminue en dessous d'une valeur de consigne établie.
EP04002129A 2003-02-06 2004-02-02 Procédé de traitement thermique de piéces metalliques sous une atmosphère inerte Expired - Lifetime EP1445338B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10304945A DE10304945A1 (de) 2003-02-06 2003-02-06 Verfahren zum Wärmebehandeln von Metallteilen unter Schutzgas
DE10304945 2003-02-06

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1445338A1 EP1445338A1 (fr) 2004-08-11
EP1445338B1 true EP1445338B1 (fr) 2009-05-27

Family

ID=32603187

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP04002129A Expired - Lifetime EP1445338B1 (fr) 2003-02-06 2004-02-02 Procédé de traitement thermique de piéces metalliques sous une atmosphère inerte

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EP (1) EP1445338B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE432368T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE10304945A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102006025737B4 (de) * 2006-05-31 2016-09-22 Ald Vacuum Technologies Gmbh Vorrichtung zur Gasabschreckung von wärmebehandelten Bauteilen und Verfahren zur Durchführung einer Gasabschreckung
CN102809286B (zh) * 2012-08-15 2014-12-10 中冶南方(武汉)威仕工业炉有限公司 环形炉炉盘的检测和纠偏方法

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE681750C (de) * 1935-12-08 1939-09-30 Siemens Schuckertwerke Akt Ges Verfahren zur regelbaren Abkuehlung von Gluehoefen
DE732569C (de) * 1940-07-23 1943-03-06 Siemens Ag Verfahren zur regelbaren Abkuehlung von Gluehoefen
GB653655A (en) * 1948-03-31 1951-05-23 Sunbeam Corp Heat treating furnace
US2789808A (en) * 1954-11-05 1957-04-23 Lee Wilson Method of and apparatus for controlling circulation of furnace atmosphere
US4141539A (en) 1977-11-03 1979-02-27 Alco Standard Corporation Heat treating furnace with load control for fan motor
AT395321B (de) 1983-07-05 1992-11-25 Ebner Ind Ofenbau Verfahren zum abkuehlen von chargen in diskontinuierlich arbeitenden industrieoefen, insbesondere von stahldraht- oder - bandbunden in haubengluehoefen
US4543891A (en) * 1984-04-12 1985-10-01 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Apparatus and process for heat treatment
DD261380A5 (de) * 1987-07-24 1988-10-26 Ebner Industrieofenbau Gmbh,At Verfahren zum betrieb eines konvektions-haubengluehofens, insb. fuer stahldraht- oder -bandbunde
DE4129879A1 (de) * 1991-09-09 1993-03-11 Loi Ind Ofenanlagen Verfahren zum austausch der atmosphaere eines industrieofens

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE432368T1 (de) 2009-06-15
EP1445338A1 (fr) 2004-08-11
DE502004009515D1 (de) 2009-07-09
DE10304945A1 (de) 2004-08-19

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