EP1440258A1

EP1440258A1 - Device for the generation of selecting forces

Info

Publication number: EP1440258A1
Application number: EP02787494A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Klaus Krämer; Boris Landa
Original assignee: INA Schaeffler KG
Current assignee: IHO Holding GmbH and Co KG
Priority date: 2001-11-02
Filing date: 2002-10-19
Publication date: 2004-07-28
Also published as: WO2003038316A1; DE10153926A1

Abstract

A device (1) for the generation of selecting forces with a selector shaft (2) which may be pivoted about the pivot axis thereof towards a gearbox and displaced along the pivoting axis (2a) thereof towards a gearbox, comprises a pivoting lever (3) which acts upon an elastic spring element (5) by means of a rocker arm (4).

Description

Name of the invention

Device for generating switching forces

description

Field of the Invention

The invention relates to a device for generating shifting forces with a shifting shaft pivotable about its pivot axis to a manual transmission and shiftable along its pivoting axis to the shifting gear, the device having a pivoting lever and the pivoting lever for generating the shifting forces by the shifting shaft being pivotable to one resilient spring element acts.

Background of the Invention

For the described invention, the term shift shaft represents all shift elements in vehicle transmissions with which gears are selected and gears shifted by rotating or swiveling and by longitudinal displacement. The invention therefore also relates to central switching shafts and switching drums. The selector shaft is displaceable about its longitudinal central axis and can be pivoted about this axis in a manual transmission or in a preassembled transmission module of the manual transmission that is inserted into the transmission. The invention relates to control shafts on which a defined switching or selection force is generated during the pivoting movement.

An operator in the vehicle is usually in the case of transmissions with manual gears during the change of the alleys by short-term Increasing the selection force on the gear lever signals that it is about to select this gear. The orientation about the position of the shift lever is thus facilitated. This effect is used in particular to prevent the operator from unintentionally shifting a gear, e.g. B. a reverse gear to warn. This so-called impact lock works if the operator wants to dial into the alley of the reverse gear unintentionally or also intentionally or to switch to the reverse gear. This dialing power is significantly higher than all other dialing powers of the forward gears. If the reverse gear is actually to be selected, the shift lever is briefly moved further against the increased actuation force. The actuating force on the gear lever then quickly drops back to a normal level. This switching force is generated in arrangements according to the prior art, inter alia by means of spring force. For this purpose, one or more spring systems act on a lever connected to the switching element and, when the switching element is rotated into a specific position, generate defined resistances which generate a specific torque on the switching shaft. This torque is finally expressed on the shift lever as a defined selection or shifting force.

DE 40 20 160 A1 describes a device for generating switching forces of the generic type. The device acts on the end of a selector arm. The selector rocker is non-rotatably connected to a shift shaft. The selector shaft is pivotable about its longitudinal central axis for selection movements and slidably arranged in a housing of a gearbox for switching movements along its longitudinal central axis. A roller is rotatably mounted on a pin at the end of the selector rocker. Depending on the swivel direction, the roller runs against a spring element lying in the swivel direction and in the swivel area. The spring element is accommodated in the housing of the gearbox and is essentially formed by a spring and a ramp attached to the spring on a pressure pin. When hitting the ramp during the swiveling process, the roller runs on the ramp. The ramp is moved in the direction of the spring and compresses the spring with it. The switching force or selection force depends on the lever length of the selector rocker and the helix angle of the ramp and the spring force and therefore determined by these criteria. The roller itself ensures reduced friction at the contact between the selector arm and the ramp when the selector force is generated.

To accommodate the spring element according to the example from DE 40 20 160 A1, the housing of the transmission must be provided with a hole with a correspondingly high amount of work. In addition, with small pivoting angles of the selector shaft in such arrangements there is little path in radians for the design of a ramp contour on the spring element or lever, which causes a good resolution of the torque-path or force-path curve on the selector shaft or at the end of the lever , There are limits to the length or a sufficiently flat rise in the ramp slope. The increase in torque on the selector shaft and thus the shifting force on the shift lever is very steep. It is difficult to fine-tune the dialing force and thus the torques during dialing movements on the selector shaft for small swivel angles.

Summary of the invention

The object of the invention is therefore to provide a device for generating shifting forces for a selector or shifting device for selecting or shifting gears of a transmission, which device can be manufactured inexpensively and arranged in the transmission and can be adjusted more sensitively and flexibly with the selector forces are.

This object is achieved with a device according to the features of the subject matter of claim 1 in that a rocker arm is arranged between the pivot lever and the spring element when generating the switching forces. The pivot lever engages the rocker arm at a distance from the rocking axis of the rocker arm. The spring element also bears on the rocker arm at a distance from the rocker arm of the rocker arm. To generate the switching forces, the swivel lever must rest on the rocker arm. For this purpose, the rocker arm protrudes into the swivel range of the swivel lever. The selector shaft is swivels and swivels the swivel lever. The pivot lever acts on the rocker arm and tilts it from an initial position about its rocker axis. Depending on the design of the lever mechanism, the rocker arm then preferably tilts in the opposite direction of rotation to the direction of rotation of the pivoting lever. The levers are alternatively arranged so that the pivot lever and the rocker arm move in the same direction. Since the spring element rests on another end of the rocker arm, the rocker arm moves against the resistance of the spring force against the spring element. The spring (s) in the spring element elastically compresses.

When the selector shaft is pivoted back or the counterforce on the selector shaft is eliminated, the pivot lever thus swings away from the rocker arm. The energy of the spring (s) then forces the rocker arm around its rocker axis and the rocker arm may force the rocker arm and thus the selector shaft back into the starting position.

In the lever mechanism, the rocker arm, which is connected between the spring element and the swivel lever, steps up or down the spring force of the spring element and generates a counterforce on the swivel lever and a torque about the swivel axis on the swiveled control shaft. The shifting force on the shift lever increases and signals the operator with its deviation from the normal value, for. B. that she is about to engage reverse gear. The distances from and the positions to the tilt axis with which the spring element and the pivot lever engage the rocker arm and the spring force of the spring element determine the force on the pivot lever. This force and the length of the pivot lever, starting from its contact with the rocker arm to the pivot axis of the selector shaft, ultimately determine the torque on the selector shaft. The torque on the selector shaft, in turn, is converted directly or via further lever arrangements into a shifting force perceptible to the operator on the manual shift lever. The shifting force is then higher than the shifting forces that occur when selecting other gears. With the shape of the rocker arm and the choice of the lever ratio on the rocker arm, the switching forces or torques to be generated can be fine-tuned as a counter-reaction to the spring force. A good resolution of the torque-displacement or force-displacement curve is achieved even with small swivel angles of the selector shaft. The torque-displacement or force-displacement curve also depends on the design of the spring element. Depending on the type, number and arrangement as well as the design of the springs in the spring element, the spring characteristic and thus also the counterforce on the rocker arm can be adjusted to suit different requirements. Embodiments of the invention provide the use of one or more coil springs connected in series or in parallel, which, for. B. preload a sleeve or a bolt against the rocker arm. The springs are or are preferably inserted in the sleeve and are supported on the gearbox, for example on a support plate. The pin is centered in a helical spring and is alternatively simply designed as a plug pin or receives a ball at its end facing the rocker arm. The ball rolls with a moving rocker arm, rotating approximately around its center, on the surface of the rocker arm, e.g. B. on a ramp. The bolt is then designed in the same way as the bolts from the detents normally used in manual transmissions. The ball is generally mounted on the bolt in a dome-shaped receptacle, usually with the aid of several relatively small balls. The bolt is movably supported against the coil spring with the coil spring in a housing of the lock. The housing of the locking device is fixed on the gearbox, for example on a support plate.

The rocker arm is preferably made of sheet metal and produced by stamping, embossing and bending and has one or two lever ends extending from its rocker axis. The rocker arm is pivotally mounted on the gearbox with a rocker pin or has z. B. a in the longitudinal direction on the rocker arm generated in a non-cutting process, in the longitudinal direction of the tilt axis and pivoted in the support plate on the collar. The federal axis of rotation is then the tilt axis. If the If the lever is provided with only one lever end pivoting about the tilt axis, both the end of the pivot lever and the spring element act on the latter at different distances from the tilt axis. However, the rocker arm is preferably provided with two lever ends, each of which goes away from the rocker axis of the rocker arm in a different direction. The lever ends are arranged facing each other at an angle of 180 ° or include any angle between 0 and 180 ° between them. The rocker arm preferably has a lever ratio, which allows the end of the rocker arm resting against the spring element to travel a large distance in radians around the rocker axis at small pivoting angles of the rocker arm. This path of the end of the rocker arm is greater compared to the path in radians of the pivoted end of the rocker arm which is in contact with the rocker arm. Such an arrangement makes it possible to provide the end of the rocker arm resting on the spring element with a sufficiently fine-tunable ramp. The rocker arm moves with the ramp when the pivoting lever is pivoted, abutting the spring element via the spring element. There is enough space available for a ramp at the lever end of the rocker arm, so that finely tuned reaction forces are generated on the swivel lever.

The swivel lever is either fixedly attached to the selector shaft or, as an embodiment of the invention provides, is arranged in the longitudinal direction of the selector shaft so as to be stationary to the manual transmission. If the swivel lever is fixedly arranged on the selector shaft, the selector shaft takes the swivel lever in the longitudinal direction relative to the manual transmission. Only when the selector shaft with the swivel lever is at the level of the rocker arm seen in the longitudinal direction does the rocker arm protrude into the swivel range of the swivel lever. If the pivoting lever is arranged in the longitudinal direction of the shift shaft in a fixed position relative to the gearbox, the shifting shaft moves relative to the pivoting lever during longitudinal displacement and only takes it along when it is pivoted. In this case, the rocker arm always protrudes into the swivel range of the swivel lever. The swivel lever is then in a switch position from which the taker takes the socket in the pivoting direction, carried by the pivoting shift shaft at least in one direction and pivoted.

The tilt axis of the rocker arm is arranged in any direction with respect to the pivot axis. The tilt axis and the pivot axis are oriented at right angles or alternatively at an acute angle to one another and / or lie in one plane, intersect or alternatively run in different planes without intersecting. Likewise, the axis of rotation, for example a helical spring, is arranged in the spring element as desired in relation to the pivot axis and / or to the tilt axis. The course and the contour of the pivot lever and rocker arm then compensate for the angular movements and the arrangement of the axes in different planes. A preferred embodiment of the invention provides that the pivot axis of the pivot lever and the tilt axis of the rocker arm are aligned parallel to one another.

The invention is further embodied with a pivot lever which is pivotably received on a support plate. The support plate, like the rocker arm and the pivot lever, is preferably made of sheet metal in a production that is as non-cutting as possible. Processes such as stamping, fine stamping, embossing, putting through, bending and drawing are preferably used to produce the aforementioned elements. In addition to the pivot lever, the support plate also preferably receives the spring element and the rocker arm and supports the selector shaft. The control shaft is pivotable and longitudinally displaceable in the support plate and / or mounted in the radial direction. The pivot axis of the selector shaft preferably penetrates the support plate, as does the tilt axis of the rocker arm, these axes preferably being oriented perpendicular to the support plate. The axis of rotation (s) of one or more helical springs (s) in the spring element preferably run parallel to the surface of the support plate. The additional storage of one or more selector shafts or shift rails in the support plate ensures additional guidance of the selector shafts / shift rails on said elements and for supporting them against those acting radially on the selector shaft Forces. Shift operations in the manual transmission during vehicle operation are therefore more precise.

The selector shaft is preferably supported in one of the sleeves pivotable on the support plate described below, or in one of the slewing levers described below on the support plate, or separately on the support plate. During longitudinal movements, the selector shaft slides through plain bearings or is rolling on bearings with rolling elements.

With one embodiment of the invention, the bearing of the selector shaft is provided in a bushing which can be pivoted to the support plate and is received in the support plate. The control shaft is arranged to be longitudinally displaceable in the socket. According to one of the previously described configurations, the bushing is generally pivotally coupled to the shift shaft only during shifting operations in which the shifting force is increased. The socket then only takes the pivot lever with it when this switching force is to be generated. For this purpose, the socket and the swivel lever are coupled to one another at least in the swivel direction. The arrangement has the advantage that the shift shaft can be decoupled from the pivoting lever in all shifting movements in which no increased shifting forces are generated. The mass of the swivel lever does not always have to be moved with the shift shaft, in contrast to the simpler and more cost-effective version with the swivel lever firmly seated on the selector shaft.

The invention is further configured with an arrangement in which a cylindrical one of the above-mentioned bushings engages around the outside of the selector shaft. The axis of rotation of the socket lies on the pivot axis of the selector shaft. The selector shaft is either mounted for longitudinal displacement in the bushing or at least guided through it in such a way that all the switching movements of the selector shaft are not impeded. A first driver is arranged on the selector shaft. The first driver moves freely with the shift shaft with the shift shaft relative to the longitudinal z. B. on the support plate but also different to the manual transmission with fixed socket. In the switching Position of the selector shaft longitudinally to the support plate or to the gearbox, from which the selector shaft is pivoted into the switching movement with increased switching force, the first driver engages the socket. The first driver engages the socket in such a way that the socket with the selector shaft is rotated about its axis of rotation in the swivel direction. The first driver engages behind the socket on a body edge of the socket facing away from the pivoting direction. A preferred embodiment of the invention provides that the driver is a pin arranged on the shaft. The pin protrudes radially from the casing of the selector shaft and is z. B. a notch pin inserted into a bore of the selector shaft. However, the use of all other radial projections which are formed in one piece with the selector shaft or fastened to the selector shaft is also provided.

The above embodiment is further designed with a pin which engages radially in a groove running in the longitudinal direction of the control shaft and in the longitudinal direction of the socket in the socket. It is provided that the groove on the end face of the socket facing the first driver is designed to be open or closed in the longitudinal direction. If the groove is open lengthways, the first driver only moves into the longitudinal groove shortly before reaching the switching position from which the driver takes the bushing in the pivoting direction. Before, with other movements of the selector shaft, the pin moves z. B. free and outside the socket. If the groove is closed in the longitudinal direction, the pin or other drivers move longitudinally freely in the groove. The length of the groove is then adapted to the maximum displacement of the selector shaft over all switching processes. When the switching shaft pivots, the driver engages in one of the aforementioned grooves on a wall of the respective groove and takes the bushing with it pivoting about its axis of rotation.

Another embodiment of the invention provides that the bush has a cross-section deviating from a circular shape. The socket is designed as a hollow profile with an opening of any, e.g. B. oval or triangular cross section, but preferably as a square, such as square or rectangular, profile. The cross section on the sliding seat through the bushing shaft passed through is adapted to the cross section of the bushing. Alternatively, an adapter is seated on the shift shaft with a round cross section, at least in the pivoting direction, firmly on the sliding seat. The inside of the adapter is adapted to the round cross section of the shaft and the outside of the square opening of the socket. The selector shaft takes the bushing in the swivel direction due to the interlocking profiles. In this case, a driver is not required on the selector shaft. Alternatively, however, projections, such as pins protruding radially from the selector shaft, are provided as stops against the bushing or another start that is fixed to the gearbox for limiting the longitudinal movement of the selector shaft. Such a stop is then, as an alternative to all other possible arrangements, again guided in a longitudinal groove in the socket.

Alternative embodiments of the invention are provided for the arrangement of the bushing to the swivel lever. So the pivot lever is integrally formed with the socket. As an alternative to this, the swivel lever is firmly attached to or on the socket as a component which was previously manufactured separately for the socket. As already mentioned, the bushing is arranged fixed relative to the longitudinally movable selector shaft along the transmission, for example on a support plate. The swivel lever is thus also fixed in relation to the manual transmission in the same longitudinal direction. When the bush pivots, the pivot lever pivots with the bush. The use of bushings in which the groove on the face of the bush facing the driver is open in the longitudinal direction has an advantageous effect. The driver only moves into the longitudinal groove shortly before reaching the switching position from which the driver takes the bushing in the pivoting direction. Before other movements of the selector shaft, the pin moves freely and outside the socket, for example.

If the pivot lever is attached to a bushing with a closed slot for guiding a pin on the shaft, the slot is modified in comparison to the embodiment described above. The slot, in this case better the recess, is designed in the socket so that the driver can freely move in any other pivoted positions of the selector shaft Recess can move without taking the bushing in the pivoting direction. Only when the selector shaft and thus the driver reaches the starting position for pivoting against the rocker arm, does the driver pivoted with the selector shaft lie against one of the body edges of the socket in the groove or recess. The socket is then taken in the desired swivel direction. The recess in the socket is to meet the conditions described above, e.g. B. outlined by a contour that outlines one of the well-known backdrop guide for the circuits in motor vehicles in its course. However, recesses of any other design are also provided which offer sufficient freedom of movement in the circumferential direction in all other pivot positions uninfluenced by the device, so that the pivoted driver does not touch the body edges of the socket in the recess.

Another embodiment of the invention provides that the pivoting lever is arranged to be pivotable separately from the socket on the support plate or the gearbox. For this purpose, the swivel lever has a collar. The collar either encompasses the socket or is encompassed by the socket. The swivel axis of the collar and the axis of rotation of the bush are aligned with one another in the longitudinal direction of the selector shaft and form the swivel axis of the selector shaft. The pivot lever is preferably coupled to the socket in the pivot direction only during switching operations against the device according to the invention. For this purpose, the bushings or the swivel lever have one or more second drivers. The drivers, such as pins, passages, projections formed from the sheet metal of the elements or angled sheet metal lugs are arranged either on the edges or on the body of the bushing or of the pivoting lever. The second driver engages on the counterpart in the pivoting direction of a body edge, for. B. in a recess when the selector shaft is pivoted.

As an alternative to this, the bushing and the pivoting lever each have one or more drivers, each of which engages the counterpart and can also interact with one another. The drivers are there arranged on the pivot lever and / or the socket at any point. They either protrude radially from the lateral surface at the level of the end faces of the bush or protrude longitudinally from the lever or protrude from the end face of the lever. An embodiment of the invention provides that the pivot lever is pivotally received on the support plate with a collar arranged concentrically to the socket and that the socket and the pivot lever are pivotally coupled to one another by means of at least one second driver, the second driver being connected to a radially by an edge of the socket outgoing disc is formed from sheet metal. The disc protrudes like a collar from the edge of the socket, is either placed on it, or fastened to it or formed in one piece with the socket. The use of such a disk is advantageous if this disk interacts with other elements in the circuit. Such a disc is e.g. B. can be used to block switching movements of switching shafts or switching rails arranged adjacent to the switching shaft.

A preassembled unit consisting of a support plate, rocker arm, spring element and swivel lever is a module outside the gearbox, e.g. B. at a supplier of the transmission manufacturer, can be pre-assembled or used in an even more extensive shift module of the manual transmission. The savings in manufacturing costs at the gearbox manufacturer are enormous. Assembly costs are saved. The support plate is also suitable for receiving other elements that do not belong to the device but to the manual transmission. The costs for the introduction and fastening of levers and spring elements, detents and bearings for the selector shaft, for the introduction, attachment and bearing of other elements of the manual transmission into the manual transmission are eliminated in this case for the device according to the invention.

A combination of different of the above-mentioned embodiments and configurations of the invention leads to the following preferred configuration of the invention: The pivot axis of the pivot lever and the tilt axis of the rocker arm are aligned parallel to one another. The selector shaft is longitudinally displaceable in a cylindrical bush encompassing the selector shaft longitudinally fixed to the gearbox on a support plate pivotally mounted pivot lever. The pivoting lever can be pivoted with the control shaft and through the bushing about the pivot axis in at least one pivoting direction. The axis of rotation of the bush lies on the pivot axis of the pivot lever. At least in one pivoting direction, the bushing is pivotally coupled to the pivoting lever at least when generating the switching forces. The selector shaft has at least one first driver which is at least freely longitudinally movable with respect to the socket and which at least pivots the socket when the switching force is generated. The first driver is a pin that protrudes radially from the selector shaft. The pin engages in a groove running longitudinally to the pivot axis in the socket and is guided longitudinally in the groove. When the switching shaft pivots, the pin engages behind the socket on an opposite body edge of the socket. The socket and the pivot lever are pivotally coupled to one another by means of at least one projection. The projection is arranged at a distance from the pivot axis and protrudes from a sheet metal locking disk radially extending from one of the edges of the bushing. When the control shaft swivels and thus the bushing swivels, the projection engages behind the swivel lever on a body edge of the swivel lever pointing opposite to the swivel direction. The spring element is a locking device usually used in manual transmissions with a ball mounted in a spherical-shaped seat of a bolt. The bolt is movably received along the axis of rotation of a helical spring with the helical spring in a bush fixed to the gearbox and biased by the helical springs in the direction of the rocker arm. The rocker arm has a first and a second end of the lever that extends in different directions from the rocking axis. The pivot lever rests on the first lever end of the rocker arm and the spring element bears on the second lever end at least when the switching forces are generated. The rocker arm is pivotally mounted on a support plate fixed to the gearbox. The support plate, the rocker arm and the swivel lever are shaped stamped parts made of sheet metal. Brief description of the drawings

The invention is explained in more detail below on the basis of several exemplary embodiments. Show it:

Figures 1 to 9 an embodiment of an inventive device for generating switching forces in different views and details, wherein

FIG. 1 shows the overall view of the device,

Figure 2 is a plan view of the socket with the leadership of

Pin on the control shaft,

FIG. 3 shows a view of the device from the front,

4 shows a longitudinal section through the device from FIG

1 along the line IV-IV from FIG. 3,

FIG. 5 shows a top view of the device from FIG. 1,

FIG. 6 shows a view of the device without a locking disk,

7a and 7b alternative designs of the spring element of the device according to FIG. 1,

Figure 8 shows a changed position of the pivot lever and the rocker arm and

FIG. 9 shows a side view of the device according to FIG. 1.

FIGS. 10a and 10b show a further exemplary embodiment of a device according to the invention, in which the swiveling lever is arranged on the selector shaft in a manner fixed against movement in the pivoting direction and in the longitudinal direction of the selector shaft,

FIG. 11 shows a further exemplary embodiment of a device according to the invention, in which the selector shaft is arranged to be movable in the longitudinal direction relative to the swivel lever,

12a shows a longitudinal section through the device according to FIG

11 along the line Xll-Xll,

Figure 12b shows an alternative representation of the device

FIG. 11 in a longitudinal section along the line XII-XII from FIG. 11,

FIG. 13 shows a further exemplary embodiment of a device according to the invention, in which the sliding seat of the shaft is square;

14 shows a longitudinal section through the device from FIG

13 along the line XIV-XIV according to Figure 13 and

FIG. 15 is a rear view of the device from FIG. 13.

Detailed description of the drawings

Figures 1 to 9 show an embodiment of a device 1 according to the invention.

Figure 1 shows the overall view of the embodiment of the device 1 for generating switching forces with a about its pivot axis 2a and Longitudinally to its swivel axis 2a to a shift shaft 2, not shown, shift gear. The device has a swivel lever 3. The pivot lever 3 acts pivotally on a rocker arm 4 to generate the switching forces through the shift shaft 2. The rocker arm 4 is arranged at least tiltably between the pivot lever 3 and a spring element 5. The rocker arm 4 is formed from a first lever arm 4a and a second lever arm 4b, both of which point away from the rocking axis 4c of the rocker arm 4 in different directions. The pivot lever 3 lies against the tilt axis 4c of the rocker arm 4 at a distance from the first lever arm 4a. At the other end of the rocker arm 4, a ball 6 of the spring element 5 engages in a locking recess 7a of a ramp 7 on the second lever arm 4b.

It can be seen from FIG. 5 that the pivot axis 2a of the pivot lever 2 and the tilt axis 4c of the rocker arm 4 are aligned parallel to one another. The pivot lever 3 is pivotally mounted on a support plate 8 but is fixed in the longitudinal direction of the control shaft 2. The support plate 8 has holes 8a through which fasteners (not shown) for fastening the support plate 8 to a manual transmission (not shown) pass. The selector shaft 2 is accommodated on the support plate 8 so as to be longitudinally displaceable along its longitudinal central axis, which at the same time corresponds to the pivot axis 2a. The selector shaft 2 is thus also longitudinally displaceable relative to the longitudinally fixed pivot lever 3. On the support plate 8 there is also a cylindrically designed bushing 9. The bushing 9 is pivotally but non-rotatably received on the support plate 8 in the longitudinal direction to the support plate 8 and engages around the control shaft 2. The axis of rotation of the bushing coincides with the pivot axis 2a.

As can be seen from FIGS. 1, 2 and 5, a first driver 2b designed as a pin 10 is introduced into the control shaft 2. The pin 10 engages in a groove 9a running along the pivot axis 2a and is thus freely movable in the groove 9a to a limited extent. The selector shaft 2 is arranged to be movable longitudinally within the path to the support plate limited by the length of the groove 9a. The device 1 for generating the switching forces has a disc 11 with a driver and locking function. The disc 11 is fixed in motion in the socket 9 (Figure 4). Figure 8 shows the device 1 without the disk 11. Here, the disk is only shown in broken lines. The disk 11 is coupled to a second driver 11a (FIG. 5, FIG. 8 and FIG. 9) for generating the switching forces. The second driver 11a is embossed on the disk 11.

The swivel paths of the swivel lever 3 and the disk 11 relative to the support plate 8 are limited by end stops 12 and corresponding cutouts 3a and 11b on the swivel lever or the disk 11.

Figures 2 and 4 show a collar 8b formed on the support plate 8, in which the pivot lever 3 is pivotally mounted. The pivot lever 3 sits on the outer jacket of the bushing 9 and is arranged concentrically to the latter. In one longitudinal direction, the pivot lever 3 is supported on the support plate 8 and in the other longitudinal direction the pivot lever 3 is secured by the disk 11 on the bushing 9. The bushing 9 is secured in the longitudinal direction by means of a locking ring 13 so that it cannot move relative to the support plate 8. The locking ring 13 is supported on a disc 14. The disc 11 is seated in the socket 9 with a press fit 11c.

When the selector shaft 2 is pivoted, the pin 10 lies against one of the body edges 9b or 9c in the groove 9a. The socket 9 is carried by the pin 10 in the pivoting direction when pivoting the selector shaft. The pivoting bushing 9 takes the disk 11, which is fixed relative to the bushing 9, in the pivoting direction. The driver 11a engages behind the swivel lever 3 on a body edge 3b (FIGS. 6 and 8) of the swivel lever 3 pointing in the opposite direction to the swivel direction and likewise takes it along in the swivel direction of the selector shaft 2. The pivot lever 3 acts on the first lever arm 4a of the rocker arm. The rocker arm tilts about the tilt axis 4c in the tilt direction 15b indicated by the arrow. The spring element 5a is against the second Lever arm 4b biased. For this purpose, the ball 6 is moved against the spring force of a helical spring 16.

The ball 6 is rotatably supported about its axis of rotation in a bolt 18 by means of small balls 19 (FIG. 7a). The pin 18 is held in a longitudinally movable manner against the resistance of the helical spring 16 in a housing 20 of the spring element 5. Figure 7b shows an alternative embodiment of a spring element 5 in which the ball is replaced by a pressure sleeve 21. The pressure sleeve is placed over a helical spring 17 and accommodated in a housing 22 against said helical spring 17 to a limited extent. The housings 20 and 22 are fastened to the support plate 8 by means of a clamp 23.

The pivoting control shaft 2 pivots the pivot lever 3 from its initial position according to FIG. 1 and FIG. 6 in the pivot direction 15a indicated by an arrow from an end stop 24 on the support plate 8. The rocker arm 4 tilts about the tilt axis 4c against the spring action of the helical spring 16, 17 of the spring element 5. The ball 6 rises from the locking recess 7a on the ramp 7 and travels along the ramp 7 until the rocker arm 4 finally decides the one shown in FIG Has reached position. During this process, a defined torque is generated on the control shaft 2 due to the spring force and the lever ratio. In the end position of the rocker arm 4, the disc 11 and the pivot lever 3 rest on the stops 12.

After releasing the selector shaft 2, the spring force of the coil springs 16 and 17 moves the rocker arm 4 about its rocking axis 4c against the swivel lever 3. The swivel lever 3 moves back into its starting position against the end stop 24.

FIGS. 10a and 10b show a further exemplary embodiment of a device 25 for generating switching forces. A control shaft 30 is displaced in its longitudinal direction along a pivot axis 26a of a pivot lever 26. slidably and pivotably arranged in a support plate 27. A spring element 28 is fastened to the support plate 27. The pivot lever 26 acts, as in the previous example from FIGS. 1 to 9, via a rocker arm 29 on the spring element 28. The pivot axis 26a of the pivot lever 26 and the tilt axis 29a of the rocker arm 29 are aligned in the longitudinal direction of the control shaft 30 and run parallel to one another. The pivot lever 26 is fixed to the shift shaft 30. The control shaft 30 is movably mounted on the support plate in a socket 31.

FIG. 10b shows the selector shaft 30 in a position relative to the support plate, from which the selector shaft 30 is pivoted with the pivot lever 26 to generate switching forces against the rocker arm 29 and thus against the spring element 28. The pivot lever 26 and the rocker arm 29 are engaged. The shift shaft 30 moved in the direction indicated by the arrow 32a moves the pivot lever 26 in one direction away from the support plate 27. The engagement of the pivot lever 26 on the rocker arm 29 is released. The control shaft 30 can be pivoted with the pivot lever 26 in any pivot direction without the rocker arm 29 being acted upon. This position is shown in Figure 10a. A movement direction 32b marked with the arrow of the selector shaft with the pivot lever 26 again leads the pivot lever 26 into engagement with the rocker arm 29.

FIGS. 11 and 12 show a further exemplary embodiment of a device 33 according to the invention. The device 33 is formed by a pivot lever 34, a rocker arm 35 and a spring element 36, which are fastened to a support plate 37. The support plate 37 has fastening holes 37a for the engagement for fastening elements on a manual transmission, not shown. The pivot lever 34 is fixedly attached to the support plate 37 along the pivot axis 34a of the control shaft 38 shown in broken lines. The support plate 37 and the pivot lever 34 are drawn-stamped parts.

A collar 37a is put through on the support plate 37. In one piece with the pivot lever 34, a bush 34b is formed on the pivot lever 34. The bush 34b is pivotally seated in the collar 37a of the support plate. In one longitudinal direction, the bush 34b is secured by the swivel lever 34 itself and in the other direction by a locking ring 39 on the collar 37a. The locking ring 39 is supported against the collar 37a via a washer 40. A groove 34c extending in the longitudinal direction of the pivot axis 34a is introduced into the bushing 34b. The length of the groove 34c determines the path of the control shaft 38 along the pivot axis 34a to the support plate 37. For this purpose, a pin 41 is introduced into the control shaft 38 as a first driver 34d. When the selector shaft pivots, the bushing 34b and thus also the pivoting lever 34 are carried along in the pivoting direction. When the switching shaft 38 moves longitudinally, the pin 41 is guided longitudinally in the groove 34c. The shift shaft 38 moves longitudinally without the pivot lever 34 relative to the support plate 37 along the pivot axis 34a. FIG. 12b shows an alternative embodiment of the mounting of the bushing 34b or of the pivoting lever 34 in the collar 37a of the support plate 37. A plain bearing 42 is arranged between the bushing 34b and the pivoting lever 34 and the collar 37a and the support plate 37.

The pivoted lever 34 pivoted with the selector shaft 38 tilts the rocker arm 35 about its tilt axis 35a against the spring element 36.

Figures 13 to 15 show another embodiment of a device according to the invention. The device 45 generates switching forces on a switching shaft 43 which can be pivoted about its pivot axis 44a. The device 45 is formed by a pivot lever 44, a rocker arm 46, a spring element 47 and a locking disk 48. The device 45 is arranged on a support plate 49. The support plate 49 also has a locking element 50 and through holes 51 and 52 for further switching shafts, not shown. Holes 53 are made in the support plate, into which fasteners (not shown) engage for fastening the support plate to a manual transmission (not shown). The support plate 49, the pivot lever 44, the rocker arm 46 and the locking disk 48 are stamped, embossed and alternatively deformed by sheet metal components. The spring element 47 is fastened to the support plate 49 by means of a clamp 54. A ball 55 in the spring element is preloaded against a second lever arm 46b by means of a helical spring located in the spring element and engages in a latching recess 56a of a ramp 56. The rocker arm 46 abuts the pivot lever 44 with a first lever arm 46a. The first lever arm 46a and the second lever arm 46b extend away from one another in a different direction from a rocking axis 46c of the rocker arm. The pivot axis 44a of the pivot lever 44 and the tilt axis 46c are aligned parallel to one another and point in the longitudinal direction of the control shaft 43 which is only partially shown in FIG.

It can be seen from FIG. 14 that the selector shaft 43 is seated in a collar 48a of the locking disk 48. The selector shaft is slidably seated in the collar 48a along the pivot axis 44a. So much play is thus formed between the selector shaft 43 and the collar 48a that switching or selection movements of the selector shaft 43 are not hindered, but a sufficiently low-play mounting of the selector shaft 43 is ensured.

The cross section of the selector shaft 43a is square on the sliding seat. As a result, the cross section of the opening 48b of the collar is adapted to the outer shape of the selector shaft 43. When the selector shaft 43 swivels, the locking disk is taken along in the swivel direction due to the adapted cross section. The sleeve-like collar 48, which has a square cross section, is seated in a circular opening 44c of a bush 44b. The bush 44b is formed in one piece with the pivot lever 44. As can be seen from the rear view of the device 45 according to FIG. 15, the collar 48a is supported in the radial direction in the opening 44c via its corners 48c. The corners 48c are rounded so far that a rotating relative movement between the collar 48a and the bush 44b can take place.

The bushing 44b of the pivoting lever 44 is pivotably received in a collar 49a on the support plate 49 which is produced by pushing through and pulling. The bushing 44b and thus the pivoting lever is longitudinal to the pivot axis 44a 44 secured in one direction by the locking disk 48 and in the other direction by the support plate 49 on the support plate. For this purpose, the collar 48a of the locking disk 48 is secured longitudinally on the collar 49a of the support plate 49 by means of a retaining ring 57. The locking ring 57 is supported on this collar 49a by a washer 58.

The pivoting movement of the locking disk 48 and the pivoting lever 44 are limited by stops 58 in recesses 44d and 48d, respectively. In its starting position, the pivot lever 44 bears against an end stop 60. The switching shaft 43 pivoted in a pivoting direction takes along the collar 48a of the locking disk 48 and thus pivots the locking disk 48. The locking disk 48 has a driver 59 which engages behind the pivot lever on a body edge which is opposite to the pivoting direction. The pivoted locking disk 48 thus takes the pivot lever 44 with it in the pivoting direction. The pivot lever 44 acts on the first lever arm 46a. The rocker arm 46 pivots about the rocker shaft 46c and loads the ball 55 of the spring element 47 with the second lever arm 46b. The locking element 50 locks one of the switching shafts, not shown. The locking disk 48 locks locking elements 61, 62 selectively elements of the circuit and thus the switching shafts, not shown, against unintentional actuation.

reference numeral

Device 15b tilt direction

Shift shaft 16 Coil spring a Swivel axis 17 Coil spring b Driver 18 bolts

Swivel lever 19 Ball a recess 20 Housing b Body edge 21 Pressure sleeve

Rocker arm 22 housing a first lever arm 23 clamp b second lever arm 24 end stop c rocker shaft 25 device

Spring element 26 swivel lever

Ball 26a pivot axis

Ramp 27 support plate a locking recess 28 spring element

Support plate 29 rocker arm a Hole 29a tilt axis b collar 30 selector shaft

Socket 31 Socket a Groove 32a Direction b Body edge 32b Direction c Body edge 33 Device 0 Pin 34 Swivel lever 1 Washer 34a Swivel axis 1 a Driver 34b Socket 1 b Recess 34c Groove 1 c Press fit 34d Driver 2 Stop 35 Rocker arm 3 Circlip 35a Tilt axis 4 Washer 36 Spring element 5a swivel direction 37 support plate a collar 57 circlip

Selector shaft 58 stop

Circlip 59 driver

Washer 60 end stop

Pin 61 locking bolt

Slide bearing 62 locking bolt

shift shaft

Swivel lever a Swivel axis b Bushing c Opening d Cutout

contraption

Rocker arm a first lever arm b second lever arm c tilt axis

spring element

Lock washer a collar b opening c corner d recess

Support plate a collar

locking

Through Hole

hole

clamp

Bullet

Ramp a notch

Claims

claims

1.Device (1, 25, 33, 45) for generating shifting forces with a shifting shaft (2, 30, 38) which can be pivoted about its pivot axis to form a gearbox and along its pivoting axis (2a, 26a, 34a, 44a) , 43), the device (1, 25, 33, 45) having a pivoting lever (3, 26, 34, 44) and the pivoting lever (3, 26, 34, 44) for generating the shifting forces by the shifting shaft (2nd , 30, 38, 43) pivotably acts on an elastic spring element (5, 28, 36, 47), characterized in that at least when the switching forces are generated between the pivot lever (3, 26, 34, 44) and the spring element ( 5, 28, 36, 47)

Rocker arm (4, 29, 35, 46) is arranged, the pivoted pivot lever (3, 26, 34, 44) being spaced apart from a rocker axis (4c, 29a, 35a, 46c) of the rocker arm (4, 29, 35, 46) engages the rocker arm (4, 29, 35, 46) and at the same time the spring element (5, 28, 36, 47) counteracts the one pivoting about the rocker axis (4c, 29a, 35a, 46c)

Rocker arm (4, 29, 35, 46) is biased against the rocker arm (4, 29, 35, 46).

2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the pivot lever (26) along the switching shaft (30) movable and about the pivot axis (26a) with the switching shaft (30) pivotally attached to the switching shaft (30).

3. Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the pivot axis (26a) of the pivot lever (26) and the tilt axis (29a) are aligned parallel to one another.

4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the pivot axis (2a, 34a, 44a) of the pivot lever (3, 34, 44) and the tilt axis (4c, 35a, 46c) are aligned parallel to one another and that the control shaft (2, 38, 43) longitudinally displaceable relative to the one that is fixed longitudinally to the gearbox and with the gearshift shaft (2, 38, 43)

The pivot axis (2a, 34a, 44a) is arranged at least in a pivoting direction pivoting lever (3, 34, 44).

5. The device according to claim 4, characterized in that the pivot lever (3, 34, 44) on a fixed to the gearbox support plate

(8, 37, 49) is pivotally received.

6. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that the switching shaft (2, 38, 43) on a on the support plate (8, 37, 49) pivotable bushing (9, 34b, 44b) is arranged to be longitudinally displaceable, the

Bushing (9, 34b, 44b) is pivotably coupled to the pivoting lever (3, 34, 44) at least in one pivoting direction, at least when the switching forces are generated.

7. The device according to claim 4 or 6, characterized in that the selector shaft (2, 38) on a pivotable on the gearbox and the selector shaft (2, 38) encompassing cylindrical socket (9, 34b, 44b) is arranged to be longitudinally displaceable, the The axis of rotation of the bushing (9, 34b) lies on the swivel axis (2a, 34a) and the bushing (9, 34b) can be pivoted with the at least in one swivel direction

Swivel lever (3, 34) is coupled at least when generating the switching forces and that the switching shaft (2, 38) at least one freely longitudinally movable at least to the bushing (9, 34b) and the bushing (9, 34b) pivoting at least when generating the switching force Driver (2b, 34d) has.

8. The device according to claim 4 or 6, characterized in that the selector shaft (2, 38) on a pivotable on the gearbox and the cylindrical shaft (9, 34b) encompassing the selector shaft is arranged to be longitudinally displaceable, the axis of rotation of the socket (9, 34b) being on the pivot axis and the bushing (9, 34b) being pivotable at least in one pivoting direction with the pivoting lever (3, 34) is coupled at least when generating the switching forces and that the

The selector shaft (2, 38) has at least one first driver (2b, 34d) that is freely movable longitudinally to the bushing (9, 34b) and the bushing (9, 34b) swivels at least when the switching force is generated, the first driver (2b, 38a ) is a pin (10, 41) protruding radially from the selector shaft (2, 38), which pin the bushing (9, 34b) on one body edge of the bushing (9, 34b) on a body edge of the body that faces in the opposite direction to the pivoting direction Reaches behind socket (9, 34b).

9. The device according to claim 4 or 6, characterized in that the selector shaft (2, 38) on a pivotable on the gearbox and the selector shaft (2, 38) encompassing cylindrical socket (9, 34b) is arranged to be longitudinally displaceable, the axis of rotation of the socket (9, 34b) lies on the swivel axis (2a, 34a) and the bushing (9, 34b) can be swiveled at least in one swivel direction with the swivel lever

(2, 34) is coupled at least when generating the switching forces and that the switching shaft (2, 38) at least one longitudinally freely movable to the bushing (9, 34b) and the bushing (9, 34b) pivoting at least when generating the switching force (2b, 34d), the first driver (2b, 34d) being radially out of the

Switching shaft (2, 38) is an outstanding pin (10, 41) which engages in a groove (9a, 34c) running in the socket (9, 34b) along the swivel axis and is longitudinally guided in the groove (9a, 34c).

10. The device according to claim 6, characterized in that the socket (9, 34b) is cylindrical, encompasses the control shaft (2, 38) and is pivotably arranged on the support plate (8, 37), the axis of rotation of the socket (9 , 34b) on the swivel axis (2a, 34a) and the bushing (9, 34b) is coupled to the pivoting lever (2, 34) so that it can be pivoted in at least one pivoting direction at least when generating the switching forces, and that the switching shaft (2, 38) is at least partially free to the bushing (9, 34b) longitudinally movable and the bushing (9, 34b), at least when the switching force is generated, also pivots the first driver (2b, 34d), the first driver (2, 34d) being a pin (10, 41) projecting radially from the switching shaft a groove (9a, 34c) extending in the bushing (9, 34b) along the pivot axis (2a, 44a) engages and is guided longitudinally in the groove (9a, 34c).

11. The device according to claim 6, characterized in that the bush (44b) has a cross-section deviating from a circular shape and the outer contour of the control shaft (43) on its cross-section encompassed by the bush (44b) of the contour of the bush

(44b) is adapted so that the pivoting shift shaft (43) takes the bushing (44b) in the pivoting direction at least when generating the switching forces, and the bushing (44b) is at least coupled to the pivoting lever (44) so that it can pivot at least in one pivoting direction.

12. The apparatus according to claim 11, characterized in that the switching shaft (43) in an opening (44c) of the socket (44b) with a square cross-section is guided to be longitudinally displaceable.

13. The apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that the pivot lever (34) is firmly seated on the socket (34b).

14. The apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that the pivot lever (34) is integrally formed with the socket (34b).

15. The apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that the pivot lever (3, 44) is pivotally received on the support plate (8, 49). men and that the bushing (9, 44b) and the pivot lever (3, 44) are pivotally coupled to one another by means of at least one second driver (11 a, 59), the second driver (11a, 59) at a radial distance from an edge the bushing (9, 44b) outgoing disc (11, 48) is formed from sheet metal.

16. The apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that the pivot lever (3, 44) is pivotally received on the support plate (8, 49) and that the bushing (9, 44b) and the pivot lever (3, 44) by means of at least a second Driver (11a, 59) are pivotally coupled to one another, the second driver (11a, 59) being formed from sheet metal on a disk (11, 48) radially extending from an edge of the bushing (9, 44b) and a longitudinally out of the disk ( 11, 48) protruding and formed from the sheet metal of the disc (11, 48) and lying radially away from the pivot axis (2a, 44a) and the projection of the pivot lever (3, 44) on a body edge facing away from the pivoting direction Swing lever (3, 44) engages behind.

17. The apparatus according to claim 6, 11 or 12, characterized in that the pivot lever (3, 44) is pivotally received on the support plate (8, 49) and that the bushing (9, 44b) and the pivot lever (3, 44) are pivotally coupled to one another by means of at least one second driver (11a, 59).

18. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the spring element (5, 28, 36, 47) has at least one helical spring (16, 17) which is supported relative to the manual transmission, the helical spring (16, 17) against the rocker arm (4, 29, 35, 46).

19. The apparatus according to claim 18, characterized in that the spring element (4, 29, 35, 46) has a locking device usually used in manual transmissions with a dome-shaped design. would take a bolt (18) ball (6, 55), the bolt (18) movable along the axis of rotation of the coil spring (16) in a fixed to the gearbox in the housing (20) and by the coil spring (16) in the direction the rocker arm (4, 29, 35, 46) is biased.

20. The device according to claim 2 or 4, characterized in that the rocker arm has at least a first and a second from the rocking axis (4c, 35a, 46c) outgoing arm (4a, 4b, 35a, 35b, 46a, 46b), wherein at the pivot lever (3, 34, 44) and the second lever end (4b, 35b, 46b) the spring element (5, 36, 47) bears against the first lever arm (4a, 35a, 46a) at least when generating the switching forces.

21. The apparatus of claim 1, 2, 3 or 4, characterized in that the rocker arm (4, 29, 35, 46) on a fixed to the gearbox support plate (8, 27, 37, 49) is pivotally received.

22. The apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that the support plate (8, 27, 37, 49), the rocker arm (4, 29, 35, 46) and the

Swivel levers (3, 26, 34, 44) are stamped sheet metal parts.