EP1437305B1 - Three-dimensional, box-like liquid reservoir - Google Patents

Abstract

The grid plate (1) has a peripheral frame (4) with a number of corners (2) joined together by side edges (3), with struts (5) within the frame extending between the corners. The spacing between 2 adjacent struts decreases moving away from one corner, before increasing again moving towards the next corner, or alternatively the struts exhibit an increasing longitudinal loading capacity moving away from the first corner and a decreasing loading capacity moving towards the next corner, provided by varying their cross-sectional geometry.

Description

The invention relates to a three-dimensional, box-like Liquid storage with at least one grid plate.

From DE 39 03 265 A1 or US 4,619,371 are grid plates known to be foldable three-dimensional structures in the form To create transport baskets. Such transport baskets are only exposed to low mechanical loads and must be in First, the internal pressure can be absorbed by the Transport goods on the floor and the grid plates acts. Due to the cargo, compressive forces act from the inside to the outside directed, transversely to the plane defined by the grid plate, on the grid plate. US 2 718 325 shows a storage container for food, for the same considerations be valid.

GB 1 398 718 and EP 0,169,572 A2 each show one Grid structure, which is not intended as a wall, but as a lightweight, voluminous core for aircraft wings, for example or plates. Because it is a core structure is an external enclosure is necessarily provided. This wrapping may be suitable for connecting means Have connection to other components, the core structure itself, however, is not for connection with other similar ones Constructs designed to be used as a wall a box is not suitable.

US 2 740 335 relates to lattice structures for the production of Floors.

US 5,036,641 relates to metal structures for the production of Buildings or roofs.

US 2,972,463 and GB 1,587,993 relate to the preparation of pallets.

Niemann, G .: "Machine Elements" 1981, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, DE XP 002188459 ISBN: 3-540-06809-0 Indications of possibilities for weight saving in lightweight constructions through the use of lattice structures.

The latter documents therefore give no indication for the design of a three-dimensional box.

In box-like structures, the intake of liquid serve, for example as a buffer for drainage purposes in the soil, high pressure loads can result that the soil surface above the boxy Structure of vehicles is driven. The pressure works in contrast to the aforementioned transport or storage containers from the outside on the box-like structures

WO 01/53608 A1, WO 95/16833 A1, EP 0,943,737 A1 show Drainage tanks with grid-like structured wall elements, wherein the lattice-like structure of the wall elements in each case uniformly is designed. To stiffen the drainage tank is according to EP 0,943,737 A1die a generic liquid storage concerns a variety of cones provided which significantly reduce the usable internal volume of the drainage tank.

The invention is based on the object, the grid plates of a generic liquid storage to the effect improve that they have a three-dimensional structure with high Compressive strength against an externally acting Allow pressure.

This object is achieved by a liquid storage with the Characteristics of claim 1 or claim 2 solved.

In other words, the invention proposes the compressive strength along one edge of the frame from the two corners towards a middle area of that edge, d. H. to reinforce.

This gain can according to claim 1 by closer distances neighboring aspirations or according to Claim 2 by more stable struts. More stable striving in turn can be realized by greater material thickness, ie by the cross-sectional dimensions at basically the same Shaping, or by a pressure-stable cross-sectional geometry.

The invention is based on the consideration that such Grid plates as upright end walls of a box-like three-dimensional structure are usable or as inside additionally arranged in such a structure support plates. The pressure load is therefore from the outside and the Compressive forces are within the through the grid plate itself defined level.

The invention is still based on the consideration that the lowest pressure stability of the edges can be expected there is where you have the greatest distance from one of its two corners exhibit. At the corners itself gives a support effect through the edge of the frame that adjoins the corner, so that even then a sufficiently good compressive strength is given, if here the distance neighboring Struts are comparatively large or the strut cross sections less pressure resistant, for example, by a reduced Material thickness or by a for pressure loads comparatively unfavorable cross-sectional geometry.

The inventive arrangement of the struts is a the greatest possible compressive strength of an edge even at a distance from the corners of the grid plate allows. It will at the same time realizes as much material savings as possible, by reducing the compressive strength of the edge towards the corners becomes.

This means on the one hand due to the material savings one cost-effective production possibility, on the other hand for application, Assembly and installation easier handling through lighter weight, and finally depending on the purpose the structures produced with the help of the grid plates optimal Properties of these structures. Be with the help of Grid plates, for example, closed on all sides, box-like Formed structures that serve to absorb liquid, for example as a buffer for drainage purposes in the soil, so results from the high Druckbelastbarkeiteine easy to pass over the soil surface also by heavy vehicles and on the other hand the largest possible free Inner volume of the arranged in the ground drainage tank for Recording a maximum of water.

Advantageously, it can be provided, in addition to parallel edges extending struts and diagonal struts too use. At changing distances the kantnrparallel extending struts to each other can be achieved by the diagonal struts a polygonal, almost curved course of this Diagonal struts and thus a lateral derivative of the vertical acting compressive forces take place, so that a particularly advantageous, large-scale load distribution and thus a special high pressure stability is achieved.

Fig. 1

eine erste Gitterplatte in perspektivischer Ansicht,

Fig. 2

eine zugehörige zweite Gitterplatte zur Herstellung einer dreidimensionalen Struktur, wie beispielsweise einer Drainagebox,

Fig. 3

die Verbindungsstelle zwischen mehreren Gitterplatten und

Fig. 4

in perspektivischer schematischer Ansicht eine dreidimensionale Struktur, die etwa zur Herstellung eines Drainagetanks dient.

Examples of the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the purely schematic drawings. It shows

Fig. 1

a first grid plate in perspective view,

Fig. 2

an associated second grid plate for producing a three-dimensional structure, such as a drainage box,

Fig. 3

the junction between several grid plates and

Fig. 4

in a perspective schematic view of a three-dimensional structure, which serves approximately for the preparation of a drainage tank.

In Fig. 1, 1 generally designates a grid plate, the is almost square and has four corners 2, wherein between the corners 2 each edge 3 run, the altogether a quadrangular, almost square frame 4 form. Within the frame 4 struts run 5.

Some of these struts 5 are parallel to the edges 3 and are marked as edge-parallel struts 5a. By the intersecting edge-parallel struts 5a become cells formed, through which extend oblique struts, which are marked as diagonal struts 5b.

Where the edge-parallel struts 5a intersect are to be avoided provided by material clusters holes 6, the also distribute pressure forces advantageous, which in the direction of Disk level act.

On the outside of the frame 4 pins 7 are provided, which serve for connection to other grid plates. The cones have a base with approximately circular cross-section as well a remote from the base 8 free end 9, at the respectively a claw 10 is provided. To be elastic and deformable of the pin 7 is in the base 8 a groove 11 provided.

The grid plate 1 has, purely by way of example, four cells which are not of diagonal struts 5b are crossed, but the through Plates 12 are filled. These plates 12 are for easier Removal of the grid plate 1 from a mold with Help, for example, from siphons and can continue to Attachment of markings are used.

In Fig. 2 is a corresponding, with the grid plate 1 of Fig. 1 connectable grid plate 1 shown, also with four Plates 12. This grid plate 1 of Fig. 2 also has holes 6 on to avoid material clusters and also larger holes in the form of sleeves 14, which are in about half Height of the sleeves 14 inside circumferential collar 15 have for cooperation with the pins 7, as with reference to FIG. 3 is shown:

A lower grid plate 1u is shown in the region of its frame 4u. A similar grid plate is shown above and their reference numerals are each marked with o , so there is a frame 4o a grid plate 1o seen, extending from this upper grid plate 1o a pin 7o in a sleeve 15m of a middle grid plate 1m (reference numeral with m ) , The collar 15m of the sleeve 14m can be engaged behind by both pins 7o and 7u of the upper and lower grid plates 1o and 1u, so that in this way a simple, any expandable attachability of several grid plates is made possible and thus the creation of very large structures.

In Fig. 4, a drainage tank is visible, as he, for example can be provided as a water reservoir in the ground. The Grid plates according to FIG. 2 are referred to as longitudinal plates 1b and the grid plates according to FIG. 1 as transverse plates 1a, these transverse plates 1a both the two end plates of the Drainage tanks form as well as within the drainage tank as additional support plates to increase the pressure stability of the Drainage tanks are provided.

As can be seen in particular from Fig. 2, the longitudinal plates 1 b a plurality of sleeves 14, so that a plurality of Cross plates 1a disposed within such a drainage box can be, depending on the desired compressive strength.

Compressive forces acting on the drainage box from above act So in the plane in which the transverse plates 1a are placed. she be over the upper edge 3 of the frame 4 of a transverse plates 1a introduced into the struts 5 of the transverse plate.

With reference to Fig. 1 it is clear that the distances adjacent edge-parallel struts 5a from a corner 2 of an edge to Increase edge center first and then to take off next corner 2 again. This way will accounted for a supporting effect, which is in the area of Corner by the respective adjacent edge 3 of the frame. 4 anyway results. Due to the larger distances in the corners between adjacent struts 5 can accordingly Material can be saved and a correspondingly larger Intake volume of the drainage tank for water allows become.

Since the distances of the edge-parallel struts 5a each two adjacent edges 3 each lower from the corner be, results for the diagonal struts 5b due to the different and not always square cell sizes starting from the middle of an edge 3 starting a bent, the force outward curvy course leading to the right or to the left of the edge 3 adjacent edge 3. The edge-parallel However, struts 5a direct the pressure forces downwards. At The points of intersection of the different struts result a further distribution and branching of the compressive forces, so that overall a very stable and highly resilient design the transverse plates 1a and thus the entire drainage tank results.

Claims (4)

1. Three-dimensional box-like liquid reservoir comprising at least one grid plate (1) with the following features:

   a peripheral frame (4),

   with a plurality of corners (2)

   with edges (3) extending respectively between two adjacent corners (2),

   webs extending within the frame (4) from one edge (3) to another edge (3),

   characterised in that the gaps between two respective adjacent webs (5) extending along an edge (3) starting at a first corner (2) get initially smaller and toward the second corner (2) larger again.
2. Three-dimensional box-like liquid reservoir comprising at least one grid plate (1) with the following features:

   a peripheral frame (4),

   with a plurality of corners (2)

   with edges (3) extending respectively between two adjacent corners (2),

   webs extending within the frame (4) from one edge (3) another edge (3),

   characterised in that the webs (5) have along an edge (3) starting at a first corner (2) initially an increasing higher pressure load in their longitudinal direction due to a more stable cross-sectional geometry or due to higher material strength,
   and the pressure load of the webs (5) decreases again toward the second corner (2).
3. Liquid reservoir according to Claim 1, characterised in that webs (5a) are provided which extend parallel to the edges (3), and webs (5b) which extend transversely to the edges (3) and extend diagonally through a cell formed by crossing edgeparallel webs (5a).
4. Drainage tank, characterised by a design as liquid reservoir according to one of Claims 1 to 3.

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