Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
  • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
  • B27N1/00—Pretreatment of moulding material
  • B27N1/02—Mixing the material with binding agent
  • B27N1/0218—Mixing the material with binding agent in rotating drums
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
  • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
  • B27N1/00—Pretreatment of moulding material
  • B27N1/02—Mixing the material with binding agent
  • B27N1/029—Feeding; Proportioning; Controlling
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
  • D21C—PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE BY REMOVING NON-CELLULOSE SUBSTANCES FROM CELLULOSE-CONTAINING MATERIALS; REGENERATION OF PULPING LIQUORS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
  • D21C1/00—Pretreatment of the finely-divided materials before digesting
  • D21C1/10—Physical methods for facilitating impregnation

Definitions

• the invention relates to a method and a device for vacuum impregnation of small-part material.
• small-part material includes z. B. vegetable fiber raw materials (straw shavings, wood chips, natural fibers), as used for example for the production of press plates, and granular or fibrous plastic material, the z. B. can be used as filler or woven fabric.
• Such a vacuum impregnation method and a corresponding device are known from DE 199 11 230.
• small-part material is introduced through a first evacuable lock chamber into an impregnation chamber and then through a second evacuable lock chamber discharged from the impregnation chamber.
• the lock chambers are respectively closed off from the impregnation chamber by shut-off elements while the material is being carried in and out - meanwhile the lock chambers are ventilated, and are then evacuated.
• the shut-off elements to the impregnation chamber are then opened and the material can be conveyed into or out of the impregnation chamber.
• the impregnation chamber remains evacuated throughout the process. Only the lock chambers, which are smaller in volume, are alternately ventilated and evacuated.
• the pumping time and the size of the lock chambers are competing factors, which disadvantageously cannot be reduced at the same time. This limits the throughput speed of the device.
• the device is comparatively susceptible to malfunction, since the opening and closing shut-off elements are sensitive to contamination, for example from the small-scale material that has been introduced. These contaminants can cause vacuum leaks, which adds undesirable downtime to the already limited throughput speed.
• the object is achieved by a method for vacuum impregnating small-part material in an impregnation device with an evacuable impregnation chamber, an inlet opening for introducing the material into the impregnation chamber and an outlet opening for discharging the material from the impregnation device with the process steps
• Impregnation of the material in the impregnation chamber with an impregnation agent at negative pressure Impregnation of the material in the impregnation chamber with an impregnation agent at negative pressure
• the object is further achieved by an apparatus for performing the method.
• the design of the method according to the invention ensures that the impregnation chamber is permanently sealed from the environment even during the introduction and / or discharge, without intermittent loading and emptying of the lock chambers and emptying or ventilating and evacuating. Shut-off elements between the lock chambers and the impregnation chamber, which are susceptible to faults, are also eliminated.
• the substance with which the material is (pre) treated in order to obtain a treated material with improved sealing behavior is preferably a liquid impregnating agent (in particular an impregnating solution).
• a liquid impregnating agent in particular an impregnating solution.
• the treatment of the material is then preferably carried out by adding the liquid impregnating agent (the impregnating solution) when transporting the material to the inlet opening and preferably when compressing the material during transport to the inlet opening. This results in a material mixture with a higher density.
• the impregnation solution forms a sealing film between the material and the surface of the means for transporting the material. Both effects, the increasing material density and the surface film, decisively improve the sealing behavior.
• a salt solution with a concentration of 25-35% and with a density of 1.1 to 1.2 g / cm 3 can be used in the method according to the invention.
• a saline solution has a sticky-viscous consistency.
• the reduced flowability (increased viscosity) of the impregnation solution on the one hand and its increased binding effect ("stickiness") on the other hand further increase the formation of the plug.
• the material plug is impervious to a drop in pressure (when entering the Impregnation chamber) as well as against an increase in pressure - in each case viewed in the conveying direction.
• an improved sliding effect between the compressed material and, for example, the inner wall of the stuffing screws can be generated in this way, thereby reducing screw wear.
• liquid impregnation agent in particular an impregnation solution
• the material is pre-impregnated before it reaches the impregnation chamber. This happens, as described above, especially when compressing in the stuffing screw, that is under pressure, which advantageously shortens the impregnation time in the impregnation chamber.
• the material is preferably introduced continuously into the impregnation chamber through the inlet opening and / or continuously discharged out of the impregnation device through the outlet opening.
• a device for evacuating the impregnation chamber for example a vacuum pump system, provides the required negative pressure relative to the ambient pressure. This preferably takes place in that the impregnation chamber is permanently evacuated when the method according to the invention is carried out.
• the impregnation chamber can also only be used by means of a valve, e.g. if a predetermined maximum pressure value is exceeded, be connected to a device for evacuating the impregnation chamber and otherwise be separated therefrom.
• the valve is then preferably equipped with a corresponding regulation for the pressure-dependent opening or closing of the valve.
• the material is compressed during transport to the outlet opening in order to achieve a better seal there too. It is advantageous to collect excess impregnation solution that is pressed by the compression in appropriate facilities and, if necessary, to return it for reuse.
• the means which are preferably designed as stuffing screws, for transporting the material to the inlet opening and to the outlet opening (hereinafter referred to as the feed or discharge screw) usually have a tapering of their outer circumference in the conveying direction.
• the ratio of the inlet cross-section to the outlet cross-section of the feed screw is typically 1.05: 1-1, 3: 1 for a single aisle-side cross section of, for example, 600 mm.
• the discharge screw typically has a taper of 1, 1: 1-1, 4: 1 with a cross section on the input side of, for example, 400 mm.
• the taper and cross-section information are given as examples for chopped or chopped straw, to which impregnating agent is added during compression in the feed screw. However, depending on the compressibility and grain size of the material to be impregnated, you can also deviate significantly from this.
• compression of the material can also be achieved by a decreasing pitch of the screw with the same cross-section or by a combination of both variants.
• the device preferably has means connected downstream of the feed screw and / or the discharge screw, with which the material is loosened after it has been introduced or removed.
• the amount , • of the additional impregnating agent used before entering the impregnation chamber and / or during the impregnation is regulated depending on the amount of the untreated material transported to the inlet opening, in order to control the sealing behavior of the material and / or to influence its impregnation.
• the device according to the invention can be used to impregnate a large number of materials.
• materials 1. Natural renewable fiber raw materials, for example:
• OSB Oriented Strand Board
• liquid impregnating agent or as part of a liquid impregnating agent:
• Fire retardants Fungicides, biocides, germicides, insect repellents, termite repellants such as polybor / disodium octaborate tetrahydrate or cashew nut shell oil / alkenylphenol; organic and inorganic silicates; Substances for increasing or decreasing electrical conductivity; antistatic agents; metallizing agents; Antioxidants; water repellents; means of increasing stability; paints; resins; finishes; latexes; hardening oils, waxes, paraffins, bitumen; Hardening, buffering and absorbing substances; odor-improving substances; Ten-sided.
• Liquid or aqueous impregnating agents can be used in particular in the following forms:
• Preferred fire protection impregnating agent solutions which can be used in the device according to the invention are described in WO 97/46635; they include ammonium sulfate, borax and trisodium phosphate, which are preferably dissolved in water. All impregnating agent solutions defined in WO 97/46635 are part of this application by reference.
• a liquid impregnating agent serves as an agent for improving the sealing behavior of the material to be impregnated in the stuffing screw
• the person skilled in the art can keep the primary task of the impregnating agent (e.g. fire or insect protection or the like) under constant consideration. vary the chemical design of the impregnating agent according to the respective application in order to increase the sealing behavior of the material to be impregnated in the desired manner.
• the person skilled in the art will take into account that (a) through a suitable combination of low and high molecular weight substances (short-chain and long-chain organic compounds), (b) through the use of mixtures of easily and poorly soluble additives (salts or the like) , (c) by adjusting the concentration of the eg Impregnating agent present in aqueous solution and / or the density and / or viscosity of the corresponding impregnating agent solution and / or (d) the sealing behavior can be influenced by adding water-softening additives.
• An impregnating agent used to influence the sealing behavior can be, for example, (a) an aqueous solution which is only a single one Impregnant substance comprises or (b) a mixture of at least two products such as a combination of a low-viscosity and a high-viscosity agent or (c) viscosity regulators such as silicates (especially sodium metasilicate), phosphates, polyboron, acrylates, glycols (polyethylene glycols) , Glycerin, starches, fatty acids, fatty acid esters, fatty alcohols or the like.
• aqueous solution which is only a single one Impregnant substance comprises or (b) a mixture of at least two products such as a combination of a low-viscosity and a high-viscosity agent or (c) viscosity regulators such as silicates (especially sodium metasilicate), phosphates, polyboron, acrylates, glycols (polyethylene glycol
• impregnating agent is used as a means of influencing the sealing behavior
• a dosing of the impregnating agent from a single storage container is possible according to a preferred embodiment.
• the impregnating agent preparation (a) can then be fed to the stuffing screw (feed screw), which transports the treated material to the inlet opening, and / or (b) can be introduced into the impregnation chamber via separate lines.
• the entire amount of impregnating agent to be used can be added to the material to be impregnated before the impregnation chamber (preferably in the stuffing screw) (100% of the impregnating agent to be used is added to the material before it enters the impregnation chamber) impregnated material added) or it can, for example, 50 or '60% of the Imoniagnierstoffzurung be added to the impregnating material to improve its sealing behavior in the stuffing screw and the remaining 50 or 40% of Imoniagnierstoffzurung are placed in the impregnation chamber.
• the impregnating agent to be used is completely (100%) added to the material to be impregnated before entering the impregnation chamber (preferably within the stuffing screw), the vacuum in the downstream impregnation chamber and the associated air extraction from the Pores of the material to be impregnated there is a very good penetration of the impregnating agent into the material to be impregnated (in particular chips or fibers).
• a uniform impregnation agent not a uniform impregnation agent is used, but two different additives, to which separate feed lines to the impregnation chamber or to the feed snow cke (or an area upstream of the feed screw through which the material to be impregnated must pass). It is advantageous, for example, to add a first additive to the material to be impregnated before it enters the impregnation chamber, which has a high viscosity and can be distributed evenly on the surface of the material to be impregnated with the formation of a durable lubricating film, so as to ensure the sliding properties of the impregnated material Improve material in the feed screw.
• the additives can each contain impregnating agents themselves, but this need not be the case.
• Figure 1 is a schematic representation of an impregnation system with an impregnation device according to the invention
• Figure 2 is a schematic representation of a first embodiment of the impregnation device according to the invention
• FIG. 3 shows a cross section through an impregnation chamber of the exemplary embodiment from FIG. 2;
• Figure 4 is a schematic representation of a second embodiment of the impregnation device according to the invention.
• the impregnation system 10 shown in FIG. 1 comprises a dosing hopper 12, a belt scale 14 adjoining it in the process direction, which in turn is followed by a vacuum impregnation device 16 according to the invention.
• a dewatering screw 18 is arranged further in the process direction, to which a dryer 20 and behind it a reversing screw 22 are connected.
• Small-part material to be impregnated for example dry straw with a moisture content of 20-25% and a bulk density of approx. 45 kg / m 3 , is fed onto the dosing hopper 12 from a storage container (not shown) or directly from a chopper or chopper (not shown) (symbolized by an arrow 24).
• the dosing hopper 12 transfers the material by means of a conveyor belt 26 to the belt scale 14, from which the material is fed to the vacuum impregnation device 16. The weight of the material fed is measured on the belt scale 14.
• the conveying speed of the conveyor belt 26 and / or the belt scale 14 can be changed by means of a control 28, so that the volume flow transferred from the belt scale to the vacuum impregnation device 16 essentially maintains a constant predetermined value. It should be noted at this point that volume measurement is also possible instead of weighing.
• the vacuum-impregnating device 16 is connected to a Imsiegnierstoff- "adding device.
• This consists essentially of a Imsiegnieranssvorrats actually put into a measuring and control unit 33 for measuring and metering the Imoniagnieranskonzentration, an adjustable metering pump 34 and a flow meter 36.
• the metering pump 34 and the Flow meters 36 are connected to the control 28 (PLC control) and, depending on the volume or mass flow of the (dry) material (atomic material) transferred from the belt scale 14, can also be regulated to a predetermined flow rate of, for example, 35% by weight
• the flow rate can be regulated with regard to the volume or the weight of the impregnating agent solution, ie depending on the density and thus the concentration of the solution. This ensures that the Amount of impregnation solution just required ng or impregnating agent is available for impregnation, which can reduce the impregnating agent consumption of the system.
• the impregnation device 16 is also connected to a vacuum system 0.
• the vacuum system 40 has a control valve 42 and one or more vacuum pumps 44 connected in series.
• Vacuum pumps 44 include, for example, rotary vane pumps, root pumps, liquid ring pumps or combinations of such pumps and, if appropriate, also combinations with a forevacuum container.
• the vacuum generated in the impregnation device can be set automatically or manually to a preselected pressure range of, for example, 10-50 mbar and preferably 25 mbar by means of the control valve 42.
• a pressure measuring device which records the pressure in the impregnation chamber
• a control also not shown, which actuate the control valve depending on the recorded and the preselected pressure / range and in this way the impregnation chamber optionally connects to the vacuum pumps or separates them from them.
• the design of the vacuum pump (s) depends on the expected leakage losses from the impregnation device.
• the material impregnated in the impregnation device 16 is transferred to the dewatering screw 18 after the impregnation.
• this is designed as a screw conveyor which tapers conically in the conveying direction. Along its circumference, it essentially has openings for dewatering (not shown) in the area of the plug formation, through which openings the excess impregnating agent adhering to the impregnated material can flow off during compression.
• the impregnating agent is collected after dewatering and over a. Return line 46 with a control valve 48 and a filter 50 passed into the reservoir 32. The immediate drainage, collection and continuous recycling of excess impregnating agent further reduces the impregnating agent consumption.
• the concentration of the impregnation solution in the storage container 32 also changes.
• the desired concentration for example a 25% aqueous solution
• the desired concentration is automatically measured by the measuring and control unit 33 for dosing the impregnation solution concentration Regulated addition of water or solvent and / or the impregnating substance (s) to be dissolved is restored.
• this ensures that a predetermined amount of impregnating agent is added to a certain amount of material to be impregnated.
• the impregnated and dewatered material ie straw in the example mentioned at the beginning, is passed on to the dryer 20 by the dewatering screw 18 - now with, a moisture content of 120-160% and a bulk density of approx. 200 kg / m 3 . It is freed from the remaining water from the impregnating agent solution by heating to a desired residual moisture content.
• This is, for example, a drum dryer in which the material is set in motion by rotation of a drum and is thus well ventilated and at the same time transported in the direction of an outlet opening of the drum dryer. is tiert.
• the material is transferred from the dryer 20 to a (reversible) screw conveyor 22. From this, the impregnated and dried material for the subsequent processing processes such. B. forwarded to defibration.
• the vacuum impregnation device 16 is shown in FIG. 2 in the form of a first exemplary embodiment. It has an entry screw 52, a vacuum impregnation chamber 54 flanged onto it and a discharge screw 56 flanged onto it. Both the feed screw 52 and the discharge screw 56 are designed as stuffing screws tapering conically in the conveying direction.
• the vacuum impregnation chamber 54 has a mixer, which will be explained in more detail with reference to FIG. 3.
• the straw transferred from the belt weigher 14 (cf. FIG. 1) first arrives, for example, under the influence of gravity (arrow 58) on the entry screw 52. This feeds it at a previously set speed in the direction of its tapered axial end on the exit side.
• the conveying speed is adjusted via the speed of the screw conveyor by means of a control 60 in such a way that, taking into account the quantity of material fed by the belt weigher, it is always ensured that the material forms a plug in the region of the tapered end of the screw on the outlet side.
• Impregnating agent solution is already added to the material in the feed screw 52 via a first feed line 62 in order to improve the sealing behavior of the material in the region of the exit end of the feed screw 52 and to simultaneously pre-impregnate the material under the pressure exerted by the feed screw 52.
• a liquid can be added to the material via a separate feed line, not shown in FIG. 2, which does not include any impregnating agent, but improves the sealing behavior of the material within the feed screw 52.
• the outlet end of the feed screw 52 also forms an inlet opening 64 through which the material is introduced into the impregnation chamber 54.
• the impregnation chamber designed as a continuous mixer 54 has two shafts 66, 68 provided with a plurality of (adjustable) mixing tools 70, cf. FIG. 3, which loosen the material by rotating it in opposite directions, mix it together with the impregnating agent and at the same time transport it in the direction of the discharge screw 56.
• the impregnation chamber 54 is connected to the vacuum system 40 (see also FIG. 1) and is evacuated to a desired pressure of, for example, 25 mbar with the aid of the control valve 42 depending on the pumping capacity of the vacuum pumps 44. Due to the negative pressure, the material is degassed sufficiently to ensure a better absorption capacity for the impregnating agent added subsequently or simultaneously.
• the design of the vacuum pump (s) depends on the expected leakage losses from the impregnation device. The leakage losses are in turn determined by (a) the cross sections of the inlet and outlet openings of the impregnation device and (b) the sealing behavior of the material.
• Impregnation agent in the form of the impregnation solution is also introduced into the impregnation chamber 54 via a second feed line 72 during the impregnation. This is done by spraying the solution into the impregnation chamber 54 via a nozzle 74 above the continuous mixer and the material mixed therein.
• the amount of the total impregnation solution added which is partly injected into the feed screw 52 and partly into the impregnation chamber 54, is adjusted with the metering pump 34 and the flow meter 36 (not shown here, see FIG. 1) depending on the volume flow of the entered material to be impregnated is limited.
• the embodiment of a horizontally arranged impregnation chamber shown in FIG. 2 is preferably used for low impregnation contents.
• the mixing time and mixing intensity in the impregnation chamber 54 can be regulated by means of a further control 76 (converter) which controls the speed of the shafts 66, 68 in connection with outlet flaps arranged at the outlet end of the impregnation chamber 54. It is possible in this way to increase the mixing intensity by the speed of the Shafts 66, 68 is set higher without shortening the mixing time in that the outlet flaps 78 remain closed for as long as desired and / or are closed as far as desired.
• a further control 76 converter
• the material is conveyed faster to the outlet end of the impregnation chamber 54, but remains there for a correspondingly longer time, for example in order to be subjected to a longer degassing after the impregnation.
• the outlet flaps can also be regulated as a function of the current consumption of a drive motor (not shown) of the shafts 66, 68, for example in order to prevent a material jam. If a lower shaft speed is selected, the dwell time of the material in the impregnation chamber as a whole and in particular below the injection nozzle 74 can be extended due to a lower transport speed.
• the injection nozzle is preferably arranged in the initial area near the inlet opening of the impregnation chamber. Depending on the impregnation process, however, it can also be arranged closer to the center of the impregnation chamber, for example in order to extend the period for degassing the material before impregnation.
• the division of the impregnating agent solution into the part injected into the feed screw 52 and into the impregnating chamber 54 can be adjustable, for example, by flow meters and / or valves, not shown.
• the impregnated material is transported by opening the outlet flaps 78 into the entrance area of the discharge screw 56, which is also tapered towards its outlet opening.
• the material is in turn compressed in the discharge screw in the region of the tapered end on the outlet side, which at the same time forms an outlet opening 82 for discharging the impregnated material from the impregnation device 16, in such a way that it forms a plug which seals the outlet opening 82.
• a control 80 ensures that this is ensured, which regulates the speed of the discharge screw 56 as a function of the volume flow of the impregnated material, which is discontinuous when the outlet flaps 78 are alternately opened and closed or partially closed.
• the snail fulfills a double function: during the plug formation, excess impregnating agent is pressed off in the manner described above and fed into the reservoir 32 via the return line 46. By pressing off excess impregnating agent, the total amount of impregnating agent required is kept largely constant depending on the volume flow of the material.
• the two plugs in the area of the inlet opening 64 of the impregnation chamber 54 and the outlet opening 82 of the discharge screw 56 cause the material in the entire area in between to be exposed to the vacuum generated by the vacuum system 40. It goes through a section within the vacuum (below the injection nozzle) in which the impregnating agent is applied, as well as a section in which no further impregnating agent is applied, but in which it is only mixed and / or transported to degas and in order to achieve the best possible penetration of the impregnating agent into the material.
• the impregnated material discharged through the outlet opening 82 of the discharge screw 56 is fed to the downstream dewatering screw 18, cf. FIG. 1. If there is sufficient drainage in the discharge screw 56, a downstream, additional drainage screw 18 can also be dispensed with, so that the material is fed directly from the impregnation device 16 into a dryer 20 connected downstream.
• the exemplary embodiment of the vacuum impregnation device 16 ' according to the invention shown in FIG. 4 also has an entry screw 52 ' and an discharge screw 56 ' which are designed as conically tapered stuffing screws.
• the impregnation chamber 84 arranged between the two stuffing screws is designed here as a large-volume mixing screw.
• the impregnation chamber 84 is tilted out of the horizontal in the process direction.
• the impregnation device 16 ' differs from the impregnation device 16 according to FIG. 1 in that the entire amount of impregnation agent is introduced into the feed screw 52 ' by means of the line 62 ' and no further line is provided for the direct injection of impregnation agent into the impregnation chamber 84.
• the mixing screw used for vacuum impregnation is equipped with two control mechanisms to achieve the desired mixing time and mixing intensity.
• an adjusting device (indicated by arrow 86) is provided, by means of which the inclination of the impregnation chamber with respect to the horizontal can be adjusted, and on the other hand a speed control 88 is provided for setting the conveying speed of the mixing screw.
• the impregnating agent injected via the feed screw 52 ' together with the material which has already been pre-impregnated, is introduced into the impregnating chamber through the inlet opening 64 ' and accumulates there in a lower section 98.
• the speed of the mixing screw and the amount of impregnation agent introduced the material comes into contact with the impregnation agent over a longer mixing period.
• This type of immersion bath impregnation is particularly suitable for higher impregnation contents.
• the impregnated material is transferred to the outlet screw 56 ' , which on the one hand compresses the material as in the previously mentioned exemplary embodiment and at the same time squeezes out excess impregnating agent and on the other hand at the same time a plug of material in the area of the outlet opening 82 ' to discharge the material from the impregnation device 16 '.
• the material plug in the inlet opening 64 ' and the material plug in the outlet opening 82 ' also limit the volume evacuated by means of the vacuum system 40 ' .
• the impregnated material is transferred from the discharge screw 56 ' to a dissolving unit 90, which essentially has two needle rollers 92, 94 with which the impregnated, partially clumped material is loosened after it has been discharged, before it is - for example - if no downstream drainage screw is provided - is transferred to a dryer (see FIG. 1).
• a similar dissolution unit can also be provided behind the inlet opening within the impregnation chamber 84 to loosen the material after it has been introduced.
• the speeds of the feed screw, the discharge screw 52 ' , 56' and the mixing screw as well as the inclination of the impregnation chamber 84 are regulated by means of controls 60 ' , 80 ' , 86 and 88.
• All the controls of the exemplary embodiments shown can be connected to one another and in particular also to the other controls of the impregnation system 10 (cf. FIG. 1), so that the impregnation process takes place fully automatically. It has also proven to be advantageous to provide further measuring and control circuits with which, for example, the pressure or the pressure change in the impregnation chamber 54 or 84 is monitored and the respective measured value is used to determine the speed of the feed and discharge screw as a function of the material being fed - and to change the amount of impregnating agent so that the greatest possible vacuum seal is guaranteed.
• further embodiments of the impregnation chamber are also possible. For example, this can have a rotatable drum with adjustable or fixed blades for mixing the material and the impregnating agent. It can also have a chain conveyor or a shovel transport (Redler system).

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• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
• Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
• Forests & Forestry (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)
• Reinforced Plastic Materials (AREA)
• Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
• Coating Apparatus (AREA)
• Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)

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• 2001
  • 2001-08-09 DE DE10139128A patent/DE10139128A1/de not_active Ceased
• 2002
  • 2002-08-09 PL PL373760A patent/PL203690B1/pl not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2002-08-09 AT AT02794597T patent/ATE427817T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 2002-08-09 CN CNA028199979A patent/CN1568246A/zh active Pending
  • 2002-08-09 DE DE50213431T patent/DE50213431D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 2002-08-09 WO PCT/EP2002/008972 patent/WO2003013810A1/fr not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 2002-08-09 MX MXPA04001237A patent/MXPA04001237A/es unknown
  • 2002-08-09 CA CA002456789A patent/CA2456789A1/fr not_active Abandoned
  • 2002-08-09 US US10/486,259 patent/US20040234692A1/en not_active Abandoned
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