EP1433869A1 - Verfahren zum Verbessern von Schichten aus Zink - Google Patents

Verfahren zum Verbessern von Schichten aus Zink Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1433869A1
EP1433869A1 EP03079166A EP03079166A EP1433869A1 EP 1433869 A1 EP1433869 A1 EP 1433869A1 EP 03079166 A EP03079166 A EP 03079166A EP 03079166 A EP03079166 A EP 03079166A EP 1433869 A1 EP1433869 A1 EP 1433869A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
workpiece
foregoing
degrees celsius
zinc
temperature
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP03079166A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Jacobus Cornelis Joseph Maria De Groot
Mark Gerard Kooij
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Koninklijke Bammens BV
Original Assignee
Koninklijke Bammens BV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Koninklijke Bammens BV filed Critical Koninklijke Bammens BV
Publication of EP1433869A1 publication Critical patent/EP1433869A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
    • C23C2/04—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor characterised by the coating material
    • C23C2/06—Zinc or cadmium or alloys based thereon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
    • C23C2/26—After-treatment
    • C23C2/261—After-treatment in a gas atmosphere, e.g. inert or reducing atmosphere
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
    • C23C2/26—After-treatment
    • C23C2/28—Thermal after-treatment, e.g. treatment in oil bath
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
    • C23C2/26—After-treatment
    • C23C2/28—Thermal after-treatment, e.g. treatment in oil bath
    • C23C2/29—Cooling or quenching
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C26/00—Coating not provided for in groups C23C2/00 - C23C24/00
    • C23C26/02—Coating not provided for in groups C23C2/00 - C23C24/00 applying molten material to the substrate
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to treating workpieces comprising steel.
  • Steel workpieces are often provided with a protective layer of another metal.
  • Such a process can be carried out by immersing a steel workpiece in a bath of molten zinc.
  • the method creates a number of alloy layers as well as a layer of pure zinc on top of these layers.
  • Reference numeral 1 here designates the steel of the workpiece.
  • the ⁇ (gamma) layer 2 present thereon comprises a mixture of iron and zinc.
  • ⁇ (delta) layer 3 which comprises a different composition of iron and zinc.
  • the ⁇ (zeta) layer 4 comprises a further mixture of iron and zinc.
  • the ⁇ (eta) layer comprises practically pure zinc.
  • the galvanization produced by the above described layers is carried out at a temperature of about 450-465 degrees Celsius.
  • the combined layer thickness here is usually 50 to 150 micrometers.
  • a drawback of such zinc layers is that for instance in the case of fire or other incidents where the temperature rises above the melting point of zinc, the zinc will melt off the surface to which it is applied. The generally thickest outer layer of pure zinc will certainly melt away rapidly.
  • the present invention provides a method for galvanizing a workpiece comprising steel, comprising steps for:
  • Zinc particles herein diffuse further into the iron 1 and iron particles further diffuse into the zinc top layer 5. Thus is achieved that iron particles will occur right up to the surface of zinc layer 5.
  • the connections between iron and zinc particles in this modified top layer will result in this top layer not being prone to melting away, even at very high temperatures. Tests have shown that, even at temperatures of 1500 degrees wherein the metal emits cherry-red light, no run-off or melt-off occurred.
  • a further advantage of the treatment according to the present invention is that the surface of the workpiece is "clean". This means that no zinc droplet residues, surface thickening, hard-zinc grains or skins or rough elements occur on the surface such as are normally present after the removal of a workpiece from a zinc bath.
  • the second temperature range is preferably 420-600 degrees Celsius and more preferably 440-560 degrees Celsius. As will be further described hereinbelow, tests have been performed in these ranges which have brought satisfactory results, wherein the above described advantages have been achieved.
  • Use is preferably made of a predetermined atmosphere during heating of the workpiece.
  • the atmosphere comprises a reducing gas.
  • the atmosphere comprises oxygen.
  • the workpiece preferably comprises a number of perforations or openings. As described in the foregoing, the layers are changed by the heat treatment so that the layers comprising zinc become thicker overall.
  • the perforations or openings which become (partially) blocked during the thermal galvanization are further unblocked by the heat treatment.
  • the unblocked surface of the perforations or openings also obtains the same surface layer as the rest of the surface of the workpiece.
  • the perforations do not therefore have to be cleared by means of a post-treatment, which is an expensive operation.
  • the workpiece comprises a fence or grid-like element.
  • the hard zinc particles also occur in such workpieces and are also removed by the treatment.
  • the workpiece comprises a building component or construction element for use in the building industry, wherein the heat treatment provides similar advantages as in the foregoing embodiments.
  • a construction element is a lintel.
  • a further aspect of the present invention relates to a galvanized product obtained by means of a method as described in the foregoing or in the appended claims.
  • An embodiment of a method according to the present invention comprises follow-on steps for improving galvanized products or workpieces according to the prior art.
  • Each of the prior art methods results in the galvanization of a number of layers of different alloys on the surface of the steel workpiece.
  • thermal galvanization (fig. 1), four alloy layers are created on the steel 1. These layers each have a specific zinc-steel ratio or zinc-steel alloy. The compositions of these layers are known.
  • Layer 1 is the steel of the workpiece.
  • Layer 5 also referred to the ⁇ (eta) layer, comprises about 0.08% Fe. This top layer is therefore an almost pure layer of zinc.
  • a drawback of the top layer 5 of almost pure zinc is therefore the thermal vulnerability.
  • An embodiment according to the present invention is that a galvanized workpiece with the above described alloy layers is heated, for instance in a furnace, to a temperature of for instance 420 to 550 degrees Celsius. This is for instance carried out for an hour.
  • a perforated plate was galvanized by means of thermal galvanization according to the prior art.
  • the result was a galvanized plate with a shiny surface with zinc droplet residues and sharp protrusions.
  • a large number of the holes or perforations had become clogged by a thin zinc membrane.
  • Fig. 2a shows a graphic representation of the perforated plate 22.
  • a few holes or perforations 24 were open after the treatment.
  • a few holes 25 were wholly provided with a zinc membrane.
  • a few holes 26 were partly provided with a zinc membrane.
  • Zinc droplets or sharp protrusions 23 were further discernible on the surface.
  • the plate was then placed for ten minutes in a furnace at 550 degrees Celsius with a temperature distribution of 10 degrees Celsius.
  • Plate 20 has a somewhat matt, roughened surface. The coarse unevenness has however disappeared. All openings or perforations are further provided in nicely uniform manner with a galvanized surface and are completely open. This has the advantage that after galvanization the perforations do not have to be opened up or cleaned. This opening or cleaning is very labour-intensive work. The removal of surface unevenness 23 is likewise very labour-intensive.
  • Fig. 3a shows a workpiece 32 with surface roughness 34. This surface roughness comprises droplets and sharp protrusions.
  • the steel beam 30 of fig. 3b treated according to an embodiment of the present invention has a somewhat matt, lightly roughened surface but is otherwise uniform.
  • the workpieces of fig. 2b and 3b have a thicker alloy layer on the surface than the workpieces of fig. 2a and 3a. This is the result of a further exchange of Fe particles from the workpiece to the layers of zinc.
  • the surfaces of the heat-treated workpieces of fig. 2b and 3b are very suitable for applying a further coating, such as for instance an organic cover layer such as a powder coating.
  • a further coating such as for instance an organic cover layer such as a powder coating.
  • the adhesion to such surfaces is very good.
  • a zinc oxide layer was found to form on the workpiece.
  • nitrogen can for instance be used as shielding gas in the furnace.
  • a further test involved a workpiece being heated for twelve hours at 380 degrees Celsius and for fifteen minutes at 450 degrees Celsius. After this treatment the surface was coarse and displayed the features of an Si-steel. When a coating was then applied, slightly more degassing occurred than usual. The adhesion was however good. Prior to filing of this application no accurate analyses have as yet been performed relating to the percentages of Fe and Zn in the newly formed top layers. It has been determined that the alloy layers are overall substantially 20-50%, or about 30% thicker than before the heat treatment in the furnace.
  • the top layer before the treatment comprises about 0.08% Fe. After the treatment the layer preferably comprises at least 5% Fe or the quantity of Fe as in the above o (delta) layer 3 or ⁇ (zeta) layer 4.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Coating With Molten Metal (AREA)
EP03079166A 2002-12-24 2003-12-23 Verfahren zum Verbessern von Schichten aus Zink Withdrawn EP1433869A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL1022263 2002-12-24
NL1022263A NL1022263C2 (nl) 2002-12-24 2002-12-24 Werkwijze voor het verbeteren van zinklagen.

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1433869A1 true EP1433869A1 (de) 2004-06-30

Family

ID=32464690

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP03079166A Withdrawn EP1433869A1 (de) 2002-12-24 2003-12-23 Verfahren zum Verbessern von Schichten aus Zink

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1433869A1 (de)
NL (1) NL1022263C2 (de)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2018178217A (ja) * 2017-04-18 2018-11-15 新日鐵住金株式会社 溶融亜鉛めっき鋼管
WO2019087649A1 (ja) * 2017-10-30 2019-05-09 パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社 鋼管

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113405608B (zh) * 2021-07-07 2022-11-18 淮南泰隆机械制造有限公司 一种铁丝镀锌膜监测系统及其工作方法

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5834167A (ja) * 1981-08-25 1983-02-28 Nippon Kokan Kk <Nkk> 溶融亜鉛メツキ鋼板のＦｅ−Ｚｎ合金化処理方法
JPS61223174A (ja) * 1985-03-28 1986-10-03 Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd 合金化溶融亜鉛めつき鋼板の製造方法
EP0406619A1 (de) * 1989-06-21 1991-01-09 Nippon Steel Corporation Verfahren zur Herstellung von kaltgewalzten verzinkten nichtalternden Stahlblechen mit guter Formbarkeit in einer Durchlaufverzinkungslinie
JPH03158450A (ja) * 1989-11-15 1991-07-08 Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd 表面が平滑な溶融亜鉛めっき鋼板の製造方法
US5141782A (en) * 1985-06-17 1992-08-25 Nippon Mining Co., Ltd. Colored zinc coating
EP1149928A1 (de) * 1999-11-08 2001-10-31 Kawasaki Steel Corporation Feuerverzinktes galvanisiertes stahlblech mit hervorragendem gleichgewicht zwischen festigkeit und dehnbarkeit und adhäsion zwischen stahl und beschichtung

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5834167A (ja) * 1981-08-25 1983-02-28 Nippon Kokan Kk <Nkk> 溶融亜鉛メツキ鋼板のＦｅ−Ｚｎ合金化処理方法
JPS61223174A (ja) * 1985-03-28 1986-10-03 Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd 合金化溶融亜鉛めつき鋼板の製造方法
US5141782A (en) * 1985-06-17 1992-08-25 Nippon Mining Co., Ltd. Colored zinc coating
EP0406619A1 (de) * 1989-06-21 1991-01-09 Nippon Steel Corporation Verfahren zur Herstellung von kaltgewalzten verzinkten nichtalternden Stahlblechen mit guter Formbarkeit in einer Durchlaufverzinkungslinie
JPH03158450A (ja) * 1989-11-15 1991-07-08 Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd 表面が平滑な溶融亜鉛めっき鋼板の製造方法
EP1149928A1 (de) * 1999-11-08 2001-10-31 Kawasaki Steel Corporation Feuerverzinktes galvanisiertes stahlblech mit hervorragendem gleichgewicht zwischen festigkeit und dehnbarkeit und adhäsion zwischen stahl und beschichtung

Non-Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 007, no. 114 (C - 166) 18 May 1983 (1983-05-18) *
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 011, no. 063 (C - 406) 26 February 1987 (1987-02-26) *
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 015, no. 388 (C - 0872) 2 October 1991 (1991-10-02) *

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2018178217A (ja) * 2017-04-18 2018-11-15 新日鐵住金株式会社 溶融亜鉛めっき鋼管
WO2019087649A1 (ja) * 2017-10-30 2019-05-09 パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社 鋼管
JPWO2019087649A1 (ja) * 2017-10-30 2020-07-27 パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社 鋼管

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NL1022263A1 (nl) 2004-06-25
NL1022263C2 (nl) 2004-08-10

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