EP1427894A1

EP1427894A1 - Cover arrangement

Info

Publication number: EP1427894A1
Application number: EP02785123A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Alfred Fuchs
Original assignee: ACO Severin Ahlmann GmbH and Co KG
Current assignee: ACO Ahlmann SE and Co KG
Priority date: 2001-09-21
Filing date: 2002-09-18
Publication date: 2004-06-16
Also published as: PL373495A1; PL200489B1; US7048468B2; US20040247389A1; WO2003027400A8; WO2003027400A1; CN1271287C; CN1556887A

Abstract

A cover arrangement for a channel arrangement, a drainage channel, a cable channel, shaft or similar in a construction which may be installed in the ground such as to open, with a cover (20), which may be placed on a support surface of a frame (10) and which is connected to the frame such as to pivot about an axis, whereby the cover has two opposing hinge units, comprising two pivoting and fixing devices (39, 40), by means of which the cover may be hinged to two sides without tools.

Description

cover assembly

description

The invention relates to a cover arrangement for a channel arrangement, according to the preamble of claim 1.

Channels, in particular drainage channels with covers, are known in which the cover is placed on a support surface of the frame and held there by screws, bolts or the like. To clean the channels or similar work in the channels, the cover must first be lifted up and set down at another location. This is extremely energy-intensive and also time-consuming.

A major disadvantage of this known arrangement is on the one hand in the cost-intensive manufacture and assembly and on the other hand in the time-consuming loosening and fastening of the screws.

Furthermore, channel devices are known in which hinges are provided, the wings of which are connected to the frame and the cover, and via which the cover can be folded on one side. A major disadvantage of this known channel device is that the cover is permanently connected to the frame. The cover cannot be removed. Another disadvantage of using hinges is that hinges are very maintenance-dependent. In particular when using a duct to drain surfaces, contamination and corrosion inevitably occur, which lead to malfunctions and violent breaks in the hinge area.

In order to avoid accidents, covers on streets or places used by motor vehicles should always be tilted in such a way that the covers close in the direction of travel from a tilted position when hit by a motor vehicle. is a known channel device installed in the ground so that tilting in this direction is not possible, so the arrangement was installed incorrectly, so the channel device - to meet the safety criteria mentioned - must be removed and reinstalled. This expansion and reinstallation of the sewer system is extremely costly and time-consuming.

For installation sites with a large longitudinal gradient, the hinges should be arranged in such a way that the cover can be tilted in the direction of the gradient. However, if the hinges are arranged in such a way that only tilting of the cover against the slope direction is possible, the tilt angle of the cover is reduced by the angle of the slope. This results in an angle of the cover with respect to the horizontal, which favors an uncontrolled closing of the cover, for example due to gusts of wind or vibrations. However, an uncontrolled closing of the cover poses a great risk of injury.

It has an extremely disadvantageous effect that duct devices, in which the hinges are arranged in such a way that tilting of the cover in the downward direction is not possible, have to be expanded and reinstalled in a time-consuming and cost-intensive manner, or cost-intensive devices have to be provided which are uncontrolled Avoid closing the cover.

The invention is therefore based on the object of developing a cover arrangement such that the safety of the arrangement is increased in a simple manner when used.

This object is achieved by a cover arrangement according to claim 1. A basic idea of the invention is that the cover can be pivoted to two sides without tools by means of two hinge units arranged opposite one another, consisting of two rotating and fastening devices. The cover of a permanently installed channel arrangement can thus be pivoted to the side desired by the user.

The hinge units are preferably designed such that the cover can be lifted vertically upward from the frame without tilting movement relative to the frame, the fastening devices or hinge units disengaging. In addition to tilting or swiveling, you also have the option of completely lifting off the cover.

Preferably, the turning and fastening device - in analogy to a conventional hinge - comprises a swivel element and a swivel pin. The swivel element is firmly connected to the cover and bent downward, hook-shaped. The pivot pin is fixed to the frame and shaped corresponding to the pivot element, so that

Swivel element is rotatable about the pivot pin. The pivot pin is arranged in relation to the axis of rotation in such a way that the pivot element can be lifted off the pivot pin when the cover is in the fully fitted state. Thus, when the cover is lifted off as described above, the hook-shaped swivel element of all hinge units simultaneously come out of engagement with the swivel pin.

The rotating and fastening device preferably each comprise a guide bar which is firmly connected to the frame. The pivot pin is arranged such that the hook-shaped pivot element is positively guided between the pivot pin and the guide bar during the pivoting movement of the cover. The rotating and fastening device is preferably designed in such a way that, at a predetermined swivel angle, a support surface of a cover foot is lifted off a support surface of the frame. For this purpose, the guide bar and the pin are designed and arranged such that a downwardly bent end of the swivel element comes into contact with the surface of the guide bar during the swivel movement carried out by lifting the cover on the side opposite the element at a first swivel angle of preferably 10-20 occurs. It has an extremely advantageous effect that, due to this arrangement, the cover is prevented from sinking in the event of a further pivoting movement. During the continuing swiveling movement, the rounded surface of the hook-shaped swiveling element is "unrolled" on the surface of the guide bar, as a result of which the expenditure of force necessary for executing the swiveling movement is reduced.

In a particularly preferred embodiment, a limiting device for limiting the swivel angle is provided within the cover arrangement. In a first embodiment, the limiting device comprises the hook-shaped pivot element and the pivot pin. The swivel element is designed such that the downwardly bent end of the element abuts the underside of the swivel pin at a predetermined limiting angle of the swiveled cover, thus interrupting a further swiveling movement.

In an alternative embodiment, the limiting device comprises the hook-shaped pivot element and the frame edge. The swivel element is designed such that the surface of the swivel element abuts against the inner surface of the frame edge when the limit angle is reached, thus interrupting a further swiveling movement. In a preferred embodiment, the surface of the hook-shaped swivel element is flush with the surface of the cover, so that when the limit angle is reached, the surfaces of the swivel element and the cover abut the inner surface of the frame edge.

In one combining the latter embodiments

Embodiment, the pivot element is designed such that to limit the pivot angle at a limit angle, the downwardly bent end of the pivot element abuts the underside of the pivot pin and at the same time the surface of the pivot element abuts the inner surface of the frame edge or the surfaces of the pivot element and the cover against the Butt the inner surface of the frame edge.

In a first embodiment, the delimitation angle is determined in such a way that the cover always assumes the original rest position without the application of force. The cover can only be tilted to the extent that maintenance or cleaning work on the duct arrangement or cable laying can be carried out. An advantage of this embodiment is that the channel arrangement does not accidentally remain open in the tilt position. A cover arrangement of this embodiment is particularly preferably installed in areas with high public traffic, but in particular also in schools or kindergartens. This minimizes the risk of injury, especially for children playing on an unsupervised channel arrangement. In this embodiment, the delimitation angle is chosen to be less than 90 °.

In a further embodiment, the limiting angle is determined in such a way that the tilted cover maintains its position without the use of force. An advantage of this embodiment lies in the fact that the cover is tilted to the limit angle for carrying out work within the channel arrangement and then remains open without being held fast. This allows sewer works to be done quickly and be carried out inexpensively. For this embodiment, the delimitation angle should be greater than 90 °. In order to avoid that the cover is closed in an uncontrolled manner, for example by gusts of wind or vibrations, the angle should preferably be 95-110 °.

In a particularly preferred embodiment, the region of the hook-shaped swivel element which is bent downward is designed essentially in the form of a circular arc, the center of a full circle completing the circular arc being identical to the axis of rotation when the cover is in the fully fitted state. This minimizes the effort required to tilt the cover and at the same time ensures a uniform rotary movement in the area of the hinge units. The downwardly bent end of the swivel element is preferably rounded off in such a way that the swiveling movement of the cover takes place completely continuously, without sinking and without a horizontal displacement of the cover.

The pivot pin is preferably designed in such a way that an outwardly pointing end is essentially semicircular and the center of a full circle completing the semicircle is identical to the axis of rotation. As a result, the pivoting element and the pivot pin take up the largest possible common area during the pivoting movement, as a result of which a continuous pivoting of the cover is maximized without sinking and without a horizontal displacement of the cover. A horizontally running section of the pivot pin preferably runs parallel to a horizontally running region of the hook-shaped swivel element.

In a preferred embodiment, the hook-shaped swivel element and the swivel pin are spaced apart from one another when the cover is in the fully fitted state, preferably in the range of 1-5 mm. So rest in the completely put on Condition of the cover only the cover feet on the support surface of the frame.

The forces acting on the bearing surface are thus absorbed directly by the frame. The rotating and fastening devices are thus arranged in such a way that they only have to absorb the forces acting on the weight of the tilted cover when the cover is tilted, thereby achieving high material savings. Due to this design, the cover arrangement can be produced very inexpensively.

The frame and the cover can be of rectangular design, the pivot pins being arranged on the end face to the axis of rotation, being attached directly to the frame and / or being spaced apart from the frame edge by supporting elements which are fastened to the frame.

In a further embodiment, the frame and cover are circular in shape, the pivot pins being mounted at a distance from the frame edge by means of support elements which are fastened to the frame.

In a preferred embodiment, the surface of the hook-shaped swivel element is guided on an inner surface of an outer edge of the frame when the swivel movement is carried out. Due to the rounded surface of the swivel element, this is “rolled off” on the inner surface when the cover is pivoted. A major advantage of this embodiment is that the cover is prevented from moving horizontally when the cover is tilted.

The bearing surface is preferably provided with a groove for introducing a damping element, as a result of which the passability of the cover is significantly improved. In addition, the damping element prevents the cover from rattling, which can be caused by unevenness in the contact surface or by dirt particles that have penetrated. The frame, the guide bolts and the pivot pins are formed in one piece, preferably from cast iron (eg cast iron). The cover and the pivoting element are also in one piece and are preferably formed from cast iron. Engagement openings for inserting a tool are provided in the cover. This tool is used to lift and tilt the cover at the desired location.

Further preferred embodiments of the invention result from the subclaims and the following description of preferred embodiments. These are explained in more detail using illustrations. Here show:

1 shows a cross section through a cover arrangement with a cover completely placed on the arrangement,

2 shows a partial cross section through the cover arrangement with a partially tilted cover,

3 shows a partial cross section through the cover arrangement with the cover tilted to a limit angle,

Fig. 4 is a plan view of a rectangular channel arrangement, and

5 shows a plan view of a circular channel arrangement.

In the following description, the same and equivalent parts are designated with the same reference numerals.

Fig. 1 shows a cross section through a cover arrangement 1, consisting of a frame 10 and a cover 20 attached in the complete state. The lower part of the cover arrangement is designed such that it can be installed and revealed in a form-fitting manner on a duct arrangement, not shown in the figure, a drainage duct, cable duct, shaft or the like Building that can be positively attached.

Hinge units which consist of two first rotating and fastening devices 39 are arranged on opposite sides of the cover arrangement 1. The cover 20 is pivoted to two sides without tools via the hinge units. The rotating and fastening devices 39 each comprise a downwardly curved, hook-shaped pivot element 41, a pivot pin 42 and a guide bolt 43. The hook-shaped pivot element 41 is fixedly connected to the cover 20, the surface of the pivot element 41 preferably being flush with the surface of the cover 20 completes. The pivot pin 42 is fixedly connected to the frame 10 and is shaped corresponding to the hook-shaped pivot element 41, so that the pivot element 41 can be rotated about the pivot pin 42. The pivot pin 42 is arranged in relation to the axis of rotation in such a way that the pivot element 41 can be lifted off the pivot pin 42 only when the cover 20 is in the fully fitted state shown in the figure. In this position, a cover foot 21 of the cover rests on two damping elements 14, which are introduced into grooves in a support surface 13 of the frame. A spacing of preferably 1-5 mm is provided between the pivot element 41 and the pivot pin 42. In an advantageous embodiment, the frame 10, the pivot pin 42 and the guide bolt 43 are formed in one piece, preferably from cast iron grating. The cover 20 and the hook-shaped pivot element 41 are also in one piece and are preferably made of cast iron. The cover 20 is, especially for use of the Cover arrangement 1 designed as a drainage channel, provided with water inlet openings as a grate.

FIG. 2 shows a partial cross section of the cover arrangement 1 for an enlarged view of the rotating and fastening device 39. In the arrangement shown in this figure, the cover 20 is in a tilted state. The tilt angle is set such that an end of the hook-shaped swivel element 41 which is bent downward comes into contact with the surface of the guide bolt 43. The downwardly bent region of the hook-shaped swivel element 41 is designed essentially in the form of an arc of a circle and an end of the swivel pin 42 pointing outwards is essentially semicircular, as a result of which a large part of the surfaces of the swivel element 41 and the swivel pin 42 lie positively on one another. As a result, the pivoting movement of the cover 20 takes place continuously, without sinking and without a horizontal displacement of the cover. With the tilt angle of the cover 20 set in the figure, the cover foot 21 is also lifted off the damping elements 14 of the support surface 13. In this position, a force acting vertically downward from the weight of the cover 20 is transmitted to the guide bolt 43 via the pivot element 41. A horizontally outward force is transmitted via the surface of the pivot element 41 to an inner surface 12 of a frame edge 11. A horizontal displacement of the cover is thus prevented when the cover 20 is tilted.

FIG. 3 shows the partial cross section of the cover arrangement 1 shown in FIG. 2 with a cover 20 that is tilted up to the limiting angle. The guide bolt 43 is arranged below the hook-shaped pivot element 41 in such a way that the pivot element in the course of the pivoting movement of the cover 20 is positively between the pivot pin 42 and the guide bolt 43 is guided. In addition, the surface of the swivel element 41 is guided on the inner surface 12 of the frame edge 11.

The cover arrangement 1 shown in the figure comprises two limiting devices 35, 35 ^λ . A first limiting device 35 comprises the hook-shaped pivot element 41 and the pivot pin 42. When the tilt angle is set equal to the limit angle, the downwardly bent end of the pivot element 41 abuts the underside of the pivot pin 42, thereby interrupting a further pivoting movement. A second delimitation device 35 comprises the swivel element 41 and the frame edge 11. When a tilt angle is set equal to the delimitation angle, the surface of the swivel element 41 abuts the inner surface 12, as a result of which a further tilting movement is interrupted. The inner surface 12 forms an angle with the horizontal which is equal to the delimitation angle. The limiting angle is determined in such a way that the cover 20 tilted at this angle maintains its position without a holding force being exerted on it. The limit angle is determined such that the center of gravity of the cover 20 is in an area to the left of a vertical line through the axis of rotation.

A cover arrangement, not shown in the figures, contains only the first limiting device 35 or the second limiting device 35 '.

FIG. 4 shows a plan view of a rectangular cover arrangement 1. The cover 20 is connected to the frame 10 via rotating and fastening devices 39 and 40. The pivot pin 42 of the first rotating and fastening device 39 is arranged on the end face of the axis of rotation and is directly connected to the frame. The pivot pin 42 ^Λ second rotating and fastening device 40 is mounted at a distance from the frame 10 by means of at least one support element 45. The support element 45 is mounted horizontally in the embodiment shown in the figure and is firmly connected to the frame edge 11. In a further embodiment, not shown in the figure, the support element 45 is mounted vertically and firmly connected to the inner surface 12. In both embodiments, the pivot pin 42 ^{λ is held} on at least one end face by the support element 45.

FIG. 5 shows a top view of a circular cover arrangement 1. In this embodiment, the cover 20 is connected to the frame 10 by means of the second rotating and fastening devices 39 and 40. In a further embodiment, not shown in the figure, the cover is connected to the frame 10 by means of four rotating and fastening devices arranged at an angle of 90 °. In this version, the cover can be tilted in four directions.

At this point, it should be pointed out that all the parts described above are seen on their own and in any combination, in particular the details shown in the drawings, are claimed as essential to the invention. Modifications to this are familiar to the person skilled in the art.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

Cover arrangement frame frame edge inner surface support surface damping element cover cover foot, 35 limiting device first rotating and fastening device, 40 second rotating and fastening device, 41 ^λ hook-shaped swivel element, 42 ^λ swivel pin, 43 ^Λ guide bar swivel element

Claims

claims

1. Cover arrangement (1) for a duct arrangement, a drainage duct, cable duct, shaft or the like which can be installed in a floor and which can be disclosed as a hollow body, with a cover (20) which can be placed on a bearing surface of a frame (10) and which is attached to the frame (10) The axis of rotation is pivotably articulated, characterized in that the cover (20) can be pivoted to two sides without tools by means of two hinge units arranged opposite one another, consisting of two rotating and fastening devices (39, 40).

2. Cover arrangement according to claim 1, so that the hinge units are designed in such a way that the cover (20) can be lifted vertically upwards without the pivoting movement of the rotating and fastening devices (39, 40) being tilted relative to the frame (10).

3. Cover arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the rotating and fastening devices (39, 40) each comprise: a with the cover (20) connected, bent down, hook-shaped pivot element (41, 41 ^Λ ); - With the frame (10) connected to the pivot element (41, 41 ^λ ) correspondingly shaped pivot pin (42, 42) about which the pivot element is rotatable, the pivot pin being arranged to the axis of rotation such that the pivot element in the fully attached State of the cover (20) can be lifted off the pivot pin.

4. Cover arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, in particular according to claim 3, characterized in that the rotating and fastening devices (39, 40) each comprise a guide bolt (43, 43 ^Λ ) which is arranged below the pivot pin (42, 42 ^λ ) in this way is that the hook-shaped pivot element (41, 41 ^λ ) is guided positively between the pivot pin and the guide bolt during the pivoting movement of the cover (20).

5. Cover arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, in particular according to claim 4, characterized in that the guide bolt (43, 43 ^Λ ) and the pivot pin (42,

42 ^λ ) are designed and arranged such that a downwardly bent end of the swivel element (41, 41 ^Λ ) during the swivel movement carried out by lifting the cover (20) on the side opposite the element, at a first swivel angle of preferably 10 to 20 ° with the

Surface of the guide bar comes into contact and at the same time a support surface of a cover foot (21) is lifted from a support surface (13) of the frame (10).

6. Cover arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, in particular according to claim 1, characterized in that a limiting device (35, 35 ^λ ) is provided for limiting the pivoting angle.

Cover arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, in particular according to claim 5, characterized in that the downwardly bent region of the hook-shaped pivoting elements (41, 41 ^λ ) is essentially curved in the form of a circular arc, with the cover (20) in the fully fitted state the center of a full circle completing the circular arc being identical to the axis of rotation.

8. Cover arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, in particular according to claim 4, characterized in that the downwardly bent end of the pivot element (41, 41 ^Λ ) is rounded such that the pivoting movement of the cover (20) continuously and without a sinking and without there is a horizontal displacement of the cover (20).

9. Cover arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, in particular according to claim 3, characterized in that an outwardly facing end of the pivot pin (42, 42 ^λ ) is formed substantially semicircular and the center of a full circle completing the semicircle is identical to the axis of rotation.

10. Cover arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, in particular according to claim 3, characterized in that the pivot pin (42, 42 ^Λ ) has a horizontally extending section which runs parallel to a horizontally extending region of the hook-shaped pivot element (41, 41 ^Λ ).

11. Cover arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, in particular according to claim 5, characterized in that the hook-shaped pivot element (41, 41 ^Λ ) and the pivot pin (42, 42) in the fully attached state of Cover (20) are preferably spaced from one another in the range of 1 to 5 mm.

12. Cover arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, in particular according to claim 9, characterized in that the frame (10) and the cover (20) are rectangular, the pivot pin (42, 42 ^λ ) on the end face to the axis of rotation on a frame edge ( 11) is attached and / or is attached at a distance from the frame edge (11) by at least one support element (45) attached to the frame (10).

13. Cover arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 11, in particular according to claim 9, characterized in that the frame (10) and the cover (20) are circular, the pivot pin (42, 42 ^λ ) by at least one on the Frame (10) attached support element (45) is attached spaced from a frame edge (11).

14. Cover arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, in particular according to claim 3, characterized in that the surface of the hook-shaped pivot element (41, 41 ^Λ ) is guided during the pivoting movement carried out on an inner surface (12) of the frame edge (11).

15, cover assembly according to any preceding Ansprü- before, in particular according to claim 6, characterized in that the limiting device (35, 35 ^Λ) comprises the hook-shaped pivot member (41, 41 ^λ), and the pivot pin (42, 42 ^λ), the pivot member is designed such that the downward bent end of the pivot element at abuts a limit angle against the underside of the pivot pin and thus a further pivoting movement is interrupted.

16. Cover arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 14, in particular according to claim 6, characterized in that the limiting device (35, 35 ^λ ) comprises the hook-shaped pivot element (41, 41) and the inner surface (12), the surface of the pivot element at one Limiting angle hits the inner surface and thus a further pivoting movement is interrupted.

17. Cover arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, in particular according to claim 16, characterized in that the surface of the hook-shaped pivot element (41, 41 ^Λ ) is flush with the surface of the cover (20), the surfaces of the pivot element and the cover at a limiting angle butt against the inner surface (12), thus interrupting a further pivoting movement.

18. Cover arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, in particular according to claim 16, characterized in that the inner surface (12) forms a predetermined angle with respect to the horizontal, the predetermined angle being equal to the limiting angle and being determined such that the at the predetermined Angularly pivoted cover (20) maintains its position without any great force.

19. Cover arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, in particular according to claim 1, characterized in that the bearing surface (13) comprises at least one damping element (14) on which the cover foot (21) rests.

20. Cover arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the frame (10), the guide bar (43, 43 ^Λ ) and the pivot pin (42, 42 ^Λ ) are formed in one piece, preferably from cast iron.

21. Cover arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t that on the sides of the cover (20) an engagement opening for inserting a tool is arranged over which the cover is raised for pivoting.