EP1421651B1 - Contact electrique - Google Patents

Contact electrique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1421651B1
EP1421651B1 EP02794538A EP02794538A EP1421651B1 EP 1421651 B1 EP1421651 B1 EP 1421651B1 EP 02794538 A EP02794538 A EP 02794538A EP 02794538 A EP02794538 A EP 02794538A EP 1421651 B1 EP1421651 B1 EP 1421651B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
contact
electric contact
contact layer
layer
din
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP02794538A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1421651A2 (fr
Inventor
Joachim Ganz
Isabell Buresch
Franz Kaspar
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Wieland Werke AG
Doduco Contacts and Refining GmbH
Original Assignee
AMI Doduco GmbH
Wieland Werke AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by AMI Doduco GmbH, Wieland Werke AG filed Critical AMI Doduco GmbH
Publication of EP1421651A2 publication Critical patent/EP1421651A2/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1421651B1 publication Critical patent/EP1421651B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R4/00—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation
    • H01R4/58—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation characterised by the form or material of the contacting members
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
    • H01R13/02—Contact members
    • H01R13/03—Contact members characterised by the material, e.g. plating, or coating materials

Definitions

  • the invention relates to electrical contacts which have a basic body of a copper-based alloy or stainless steel and a contact layer of a gold-based alloy.
  • Such electrical contacts are used as plug-in contacts, for example in connectors for automobiles and in telecommunications. It is currently required that connectors in the automotive field be suitable for ambient temperatures up to 150 ° C and that their spring properties over the usual life of automobiles does not decrease so much that thereby the reliability of the contact is impaired.
  • the known electrical contacts for this purpose consist of a basic body of a copper-based alloy which provides the required electrical conductivity and spring property, and of a hard gold layer electroplated on the basic body, which is gold of less than 1% by weight. Cobalt acts.
  • the spring contact pins have a contact stud made of stainless steel or copper beryllium with a coating of galvanically or chemically applied nickel or hard nickel, on which, in addition, a layer of a noble metal or a noble metal alloy may be applied.
  • the precious metal may be gold, silver, hard gold, rhodium, palladium, or alloys of these precious metals that are not specified further.
  • a thickness of about 2 microns to 7 microns is specified.
  • a maximum thickness of 5 ⁇ m is specified for these.
  • a contact layer of gold or palladium a layer thickness of not more than 2 ⁇ m is specified.
  • DE 40 13 6627 A1 discloses a contact element, in particular for use in electromagnetic relays, with a contact layer of a palladium alloy, in which the palladium content is reduced in favor of a content of silver or gold in an outer contact layer of at least 0.1 .mu.m.
  • GB 2 130 795 A discloses a relay contact which, to achieve a particularly high wear resistance on a contact spring, which may consist of phosphor bronze, a diffusion barrier made of titanium, zirconium or mixtures thereof and above as a contact layer, a conductive layer of a nitride, carbide or silicide a transition metal, in particular titanium nitride or zirconium nitride.
  • a contact spring which may consist of phosphor bronze, a diffusion barrier made of titanium, zirconium or mixtures thereof and above as a contact layer, a conductive layer of a nitride, carbide or silicide a transition metal, in particular titanium nitride or zirconium nitride.
  • a contact spring which may consist of phosphor bronze, a diffusion barrier made of titanium, zirconium or mixtures thereof and above as a contact layer, a conductive layer of a nitride, carbide or silicide a transition metal, in
  • the present invention has for its object to find a for the more stringent requirements (200 ° C ambient temperature and 42 V voltage) particularly suitable and at the same time inexpensive contact structure, which is particularly suitable for plug contacts in automobiles and in telecommunications technology.
  • the electrical contact according to the invention has a base body of a Kupferbasirison ist, a least 0.3 microns thick contact layer of gold with 0.5 wt .-% to 15 wt .-% of one or more platinum metals, except palladium, which expediently, if appropriate only up to 8 Wt .-% is contained in the contact layer, and between the base body and the contact layer, an intermediate layer of silver or a silver-based alloy or nickel.
  • platinum metals is taken to mean the collectively occurring metals ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, osmium, iridium and platinum.
  • a silver-based alloy is meant an alloy consisting predominantly of silver.
  • the contact layer ensures a sufficiently low contact contact resistance and a sufficient wear resistance, in particular abrasion resistance, as well as a sufficient safety against welding of contiguous contacts. Even with a thickness of the contact layer of not more than 5 microns achieves the desired low contact resistance over a period of 3,000 hours at 200 ° C, if between the base and the contact layer an intermediate layer of silver or a silver-based alloy is provided, for example silver with a few Percent of an additive dissolved in it, such as nickel or palladium, eg fine grain AgNiO, 15. This intermediate layer prevents base components from the base body from diffusing to the contact surface and oxidizing there. Pure silver is particularly suitable for the intermediate layer.
  • nickel as an intermediate layer may be a diffusion of base components from the base body to the contact surface prevent, but is suitable for the present purpose only if it does not depend on a particular ductility, because nickel is so brittle that at the low bending radii, which typically occur when molding plug contacts, cracks may occur.
  • Silver by contrast, is more ductile and should preferably at most contain such alloy constituents in such small amounts that the ductility required for the respective intended use in the case of plug contacts is retained, as is the effectiveness as a diffusion barrier layer. Silver also has the advantage that it can be applied inexpensively in layers up to several 10 microns thick.
  • the thickness of the intermediate layer is preferably 0.2 ⁇ m to 15 ⁇ m, most preferably about 1 ⁇ m to 2 ⁇ m.
  • a contact layer which is preferably only 0.5 .mu.m to 2 .mu.m thick, under the given conditions of use and operating times, a low contact contact resistance.
  • an intermediate layer of silver on the one hand, because it prevents the diffusion of base components from the base body in the contact layer, on the other hand because it is able to compensate for material losses of the contact layer as a sacrificial layer.
  • the contact layer is not thicker than 10 microns.
  • platinum metal which is added to the gold, especially platinum itself comes into question.
  • palladium in very low levels, at least in amounts of less than 8 wt.%, Is well usable. Both gold-platinum and gold-palladium show a very good oxidation resistance and exhibit sufficient ductility in the claimed composition in order to be able to deform it without damage to the contact layer. Platinum has the advantage over palladium, to be cheaper. The cheapness is an important criterion, which must be taken into account in particular for mass parts for the automotive industry and for communication technology. Gold platinum stands out In addition, by a special corrosion resistance and by a lower tendency than gold palladium from catalytic way to form organic coatings.
  • the contact layer should consist of gold with 0.5 wt .-% to 15 wt .-% of one or more platinum metals. Below a content of 0.5% by weight, the tendency for cold welding is too great. Above 15% by weight, the contact layer becomes too brittle and can subsequently no longer be deformed to form plug contacts without risking tearing of the contact layer.
  • the gold-based alloy could contain silver in addition to a platinum metal.
  • the intermediate layer is preferably between 1 ⁇ m and 15 ⁇ m thick. Below 1 .mu.m, the diffusion-inhibiting effect of the intermediate layer is so low that, to compensate, the thickness of the contact layer would have to be increased, which is uneconomical. On the other hand, increasing the thickness of the intermediate layer beyond 15 ⁇ m would be technically unnecessary and therefore uneconomical.
  • An optimal intermediate layer of silver in a thickness of about 1 .mu.m to 2 microns is considered.
  • Inventive electrical plug contacts are usually made of strip-shaped semi-finished by punching, bending and stamping processes.
  • the intermediate layer of silver or a silver-based alloy or nickel and on this the contact layer of the gold-based alloy is applied.
  • the intermediate layer and the contact layer are preferably sputtered on.
  • the intermediate layer and the contact layer may even be sequentially deposited in a single coating pass. In particular, for the intermediate layer but also comes an electrolytic deposition in question.
  • the material constituting the intermediate layer is applied not only to the front side of the base base body on which the contact layer is also disposed, but also to the rear side of the base body.
  • this has the advantage that the contact resistance increases less over time than without coating the rear side of the main body.
  • a strip-shaped basic body made of copper was coated on one side with 2 ⁇ m silver and then with 1 ⁇ m AuPt2.5.
  • the contact resistance under the same aging conditions only increased by a few m ⁇ .
  • the side surfaces of the body formed by stamping were free of silver in this good result. This leads to the further advantage that it is possible without detriment to the contact resistance is to coat band-shaped or plate-shaped body first and then to separate by punching.
  • the invention is not only suitable for plug contacts, but also for switching contacts.
  • the attached single figure shows a cross-section through a band-shaped semi-finished product for an electrical plug-in contact according to the invention with a basic body 1 of a copper-based alloy, e.g. CuCrSiTi (X), with an intermediate layer 2 of silver in a thickness between 0.2 microns to 15 microns and with a contact layer 3, which is 0.5 microns to 2 microns thick and gold with 1 wt .-% to 5 wt .-% Platinum exists.
  • the intermediate layer 2 is located only on the front side 4 of the main body.
  • the material of which the intermediate layer 2 consists or another material suitable as a diffusion barrier can also be applied to the back 5.

Landscapes

  • Contacts (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Saccharide Compounds (AREA)

Claims (16)

  1. Contact électrique qui possède un corps de base constitué d'un alliage à base de cuivre ou d'acier spécial et une couche de contact constituée d'un alliage à base d'or, qui possède une épaisseur d'au moins 0,3 µm et qui est constituée d'or avec un ou plusieurs métaux du platine à concurrence de 0,5 % en poids à 15 % en poids, dans le cas du palladium à titre de métal du platine, toutefois à concurrence de seulement 0,5 % en poids à 8 % en poids, une couche intermédiaire d'argent ou constituée d'un alliage à base d'argent étant prévue entre le corps de base et la couche de contact.
  2. Contact électrique selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'épaisseur de la couche de contact n'est pas supérieure à 10 µm.
  3. Contact électrique selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que l'épaisseur de la couche de contact n'est pas supérieure à 5 µm.
  4. Contact électrique selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que l'épaisseur de la couche de contact n'est pas supérieure à une valeur de 0,5 à 2 µm.
  5. Contact électrique selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que l'épaisseur de la couche de contact s'élève de 0,5 µm à 1 µm.
  6. Contact électrique selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'on sélectionne, à titre de métal du platine, le platine et le palladium, le platine étant particulièrement préféré.
  7. Contact électrique selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la couche de contact est constituée d'or avec un ou plusieurs métaux du platine à concurrence de 1 % en poids à 5 % en poids.
  8. Contact électrique selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que la couche de contact est constituée par un ou plusieurs métaux du platine à concurrence de 1 % en poids à 3 % en poids.
  9. Contact électrique selon la revendication 7 ou 8, caractérisé en ce que la couche de contact contient, à titre de métal du platine, uniquement du platine.
  10. Contact électrique selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'épaisseur de la couche intermédiaire s'élève de 0,2 µm à 15 µm.
  11. Contact électrique selon la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce que l'épaisseur de la couche intermédiaire s'élève de 0,5 µm à 10 µm.
  12. Contact électrique selon la revendication 11, caractérisé en ce que l'épaisseur de la couche intermédiaire s'élève de 1 µm à 2 µm.
  13. Contact électrique selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'on sélectionne, à titre de matériaux pour le corps de base, un matériau choisi parmi le groupe suivant comprenant :
    (a) CuNiSi(Mg) : les matériaux possédant les dénominations C7025, C7026 conformément à la norme ASTM ;
    (b) CuFeP : le matériau possédant la dénomination C194 conformément à la norme ASTM
    (c) CuCrSiTi(X) : les matériaux possédant les dénominations C18070, C18080, C18090 conformément à la norme ASTM
    (d) CuNiSn : le matériau possédant la dénomination C72500 selon la norme ASTM
    (e) CuSnZn : le matériau possédant la dénomination C425 selon la norme ASTM
    (f) CuNiZn : les matériaux possédant les dénominations C75700, C77000, C76400 conformément à la norme ASTM
    (g) de l'acier spécial : les matériaux possédant les dénominations :
    1.4310 selon la norme DIN 17224
    1.4311 selon la norme DIN 17440
    1.4406 selon la norme DIN 17440
    1.4428 selon la norme DIN 17443
    1.4429 selon la norme DIN 17440
    1.4568 selon la norme DIN 17224
    1.4841 selon la norme DIN 17224
    1.4318, 1.1231, 1.1248, 1.1269, 1.1274, 1..502 9 selon la norme DIN V 17006-100.
  14. Contact électrique selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'on obtient la couche de contact par pulvérisation cathodique ou via un autre procédé de dépôt physique en phase gazeuse.
  15. Contact électrique selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le corps de base possède un côté avant et un côté arrière, en ce que la couche de contact est disposée sur le côté avant et en ce que le matériau dont est constituée la couche intermédiaire est disposé aussi bien sur le côté avant que sur le côté arrière du corps de base.
  16. Contact électrique selon la revendication 15, caractérisé en ce que, dans le cas de corps de base dont l'épaisseur est petite par rapport à leur longueur et à leur largeur, les surfaces latérales du corps de base, présentes du côté avant et du côté arrière sont exemptes du matériau dont est constituée la couche intermédiaire.
EP02794538A 2001-08-03 2002-08-02 Contact electrique Expired - Lifetime EP1421651B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10138204A DE10138204B4 (de) 2001-08-03 2001-08-03 Elektrischer Kontakt
DE10138204 2001-08-03
PCT/EP2002/008603 WO2003015217A2 (fr) 2001-08-03 2002-08-02 Contact electrique

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1421651A2 EP1421651A2 (fr) 2004-05-26
EP1421651B1 true EP1421651B1 (fr) 2006-11-15

Family

ID=7694325

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP02794538A Expired - Lifetime EP1421651B1 (fr) 2001-08-03 2002-08-02 Contact electrique

Country Status (10)

Country Link
US (1) US7015406B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1421651B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP4636453B2 (fr)
KR (1) KR20040043170A (fr)
CN (1) CN100511852C (fr)
AT (1) ATE345586T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE10138204B4 (fr)
ES (1) ES2275942T3 (fr)
PT (1) PT1421651E (fr)
WO (1) WO2003015217A2 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102012109057B3 (de) * 2012-09-26 2013-11-07 Harting Kgaa Verfahren zur Herstellung eines elektrischen Kontaktelements und elektrisches Kontaktelement

Families Citing this family (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1457743B1 (fr) * 2003-03-12 2013-12-25 Behr France Rouffach SAS Réchauffeur électrique, spécialement pour une voiture
DE10318890B4 (de) * 2003-04-17 2014-05-08 Ami Doduco Gmbh Elektrische Steckkontakte und ein Halbzeug für deren Herstellung
DE102004045947A1 (de) * 2004-06-30 2006-01-19 Osram Opto Semiconductors Gmbh Leuchtdiodenanordnung
DE102007001525A1 (de) * 2007-01-10 2008-07-17 Gustav Klauke Gmbh Kabelschuh
US8896075B2 (en) * 2008-01-23 2014-11-25 Ev Products, Inc. Semiconductor radiation detector with thin film platinum alloyed electrode
US8637165B2 (en) 2011-09-30 2014-01-28 Apple Inc. Connector with multi-layer Ni underplated contacts
DE112013003649T5 (de) * 2012-07-25 2015-04-16 Tyco Electronics Amp Gmbh Steckkontaktverbindung
US9004960B2 (en) * 2012-08-10 2015-04-14 Apple Inc. Connector with gold-palladium plated contacts
US9312621B2 (en) 2013-05-15 2016-04-12 Hon Hai Precision Industry Co., Ltd. Coaxial connector having a static terminal and a movable terminal
CN104183939A (zh) * 2013-05-27 2014-12-03 富士康(昆山)电脑接插件有限公司 射频连接器
US9472361B1 (en) * 2014-10-07 2016-10-18 Es Beta, Inc. Circuit board contacts used to implement switch contacts of keypads and keyboards
JP6743998B1 (ja) * 2019-01-24 2020-08-19 三菱マテリアル株式会社 コネクタ用端子材及びコネクタ用端子
KR20220046552A (ko) * 2019-08-09 2022-04-14 미쓰비시 마테리알 가부시키가이샤 커넥터용 단자재
CN112958940B (zh) * 2021-03-23 2022-06-28 贵研铂业股份有限公司 银基/铜基/金基钎料焊膏、制备方法及焊接工艺

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DE2940772C2 (de) * 1979-10-08 1982-09-09 W.C. Heraeus Gmbh, 6450 Hanau Elektrischer Schwachstromkontakt
GB2130795B (en) * 1982-11-17 1986-07-16 Standard Telephones Cables Ltd Electrical contacts
DE3715171A1 (de) 1986-05-12 1987-11-19 Feinmetall Gmbh Federkontaktstift
JPH02189823A (ja) * 1989-01-13 1990-07-25 Matsushita Electric Works Ltd 電気接点
DE4013627A1 (de) * 1990-04-27 1991-10-31 Siemens Ag Kontaktelement fuer elektrische schaltkontakte
US5139890A (en) * 1991-09-30 1992-08-18 Olin Corporation Silver-coated electrical components
JPH0674970A (ja) 1992-08-25 1994-03-18 Takata Kk 加速度センサ
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DE19617138A1 (de) 1996-04-29 1997-11-06 Henkel Kgaa Kationische Schichtverbindungen, deren Herstellung und deren Verwendung als Stabilisatoren für halogenhaltige Kunststoffe
JPH09330629A (ja) * 1996-06-07 1997-12-22 Furukawa Electric Co Ltd:The 電気接点材料、及びその製造方法、及び前記電気接点材料を用いた操作スイッチ

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102012109057B3 (de) * 2012-09-26 2013-11-07 Harting Kgaa Verfahren zur Herstellung eines elektrischen Kontaktelements und elektrisches Kontaktelement

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN1559094A (zh) 2004-12-29
DE10138204B4 (de) 2004-04-22
US7015406B2 (en) 2006-03-21
EP1421651A2 (fr) 2004-05-26
ATE345586T1 (de) 2006-12-15
US20040238338A1 (en) 2004-12-02
KR20040043170A (ko) 2004-05-22
WO2003015217A3 (fr) 2004-03-25
ES2275942T3 (es) 2007-06-16
JP2004538369A (ja) 2004-12-24
PT1421651E (pt) 2007-02-28
DE50208722D1 (de) 2006-12-28
DE10138204A1 (de) 2003-02-27
WO2003015217A2 (fr) 2003-02-20
CN100511852C (zh) 2009-07-08
JP4636453B2 (ja) 2011-02-23

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