EP1408172B1 - Building element made from sheet-metal cassettes - Google Patents

Abstract

Component (55) comprises a number of sheet metal cassettes (11), each having a spine (13), two webs (15) lying at right angles to the spine and facing in the same direction, and two flanges (17) on the webs. The cassettes are arranged adjacent to each other so that they are positioned web on web and these webs are joined together. The component has at least one first sheet metal cassette formed from a sheet metal with a first thickness and at least one second sheet metal cassette formed form a sheet metal with a second greater thickness. The first cassette is formed by rolling and the webs of the first cassette and the second cassette lie against each other over the length of at least one of the two sheet metal cassettes. Preferred Features: The roll-formed first sheet metal cassette has a sheet metal thickness of 1.5-2, preferably 1.5-1.8 mm in the case of high grade sheet steel, and of 2-3, preferably 2-2.5 mm in the case of normal sheet steel.

Description

The invention relates to a component of a plurality of sheet-metal cassettes according to The preamble of claim 1, as well as a building with such a component.

From the German utility model DE-U-91 05 036.7 is a wall element known, which has a wind load receiving substructure. On this substructure are horizontally extending, made of sheet steel attached cassette elements attached. The cassette elements comprise a Back base section that forms the inner wind close. Cross to this forward extending transverse webs carry from the transverse webs laterally projecting flanges. The bottle are opposite each other. Of the Interior of the sheet cassette is filled with insulation boards. These Insulating boards have a thickness which is greater than the width of the transverse webs is. They have slit-like recesses, into which the flanges extend. The outer surface of the insulation boards forms the substrate for a seamless plaster coating.

These known sheet cassettes have the advantage that with relatively light and large-scale elements quickly and inexpensively created large-scale walls can be. A disadvantage of the known sheet-metal cassettes, however, is that they need a supporting structure to which they can be attached to to be able to form such a component together.

From WO 02/38880 a sheet cassette is known, which has a back, two rectified, at right angles to the back bent webs, and from the webs parallel to the back two inwardly bent flanges has. At the flanges the edge is bent towards the back. These Cartridges are lightweight in the longitudinal direction thanks to roll-formed embossing in the back arched. Also, a curvature of the back transverse to the longitudinal direction is proposed. These bulges serve to preload the cassette. thanks to the Preload spans larger spans can be bridged. The cassettes can be combined to form supporting, flat structures and their webs with Screws are connected together.

From US-A-2,180,317 is a supporting component of a plurality of Sheet metal cassettes according to the preamble of claim 1 known. The Sheet metal cassettes each have a back, two equally directed, right angles to the back bent webs and on the webs two mutually curved Flanges. At the flanges are stiffened edges to the back available. The sheet metal cassettes are arranged bridge by bridge side by side and via a groove and a comb in the groove in adjacent webs connected together to form a planar component. Such components are remarkably viable, as the joined bridges together respectively form an I-beam.

The crest has the greatest external thickness, which is thinner than the largest Width of the groove into which the comb can be inserted. The difference is about the double thickness of the cassette. This game is needed for that Connecting parts between the webs can be arranged. In wider Webs can be formed a plurality of grooves or combs. Such cassettes can in different sheet thicknesses and different materials getting produced.

US-A-2,180,317 suggests adapting the load capacity of the structure, to choose the web width or the weight of the cassettes accordingly. to Reinforcement of such structures in areas of increased load or at frontal bumps between two cassettes she proposes the integration of Connecting parts between the webs of two longitudinal side abutting cassettes and inner fittings in the cassettes before.

Cassettes with different heights can frontally or longitudinally be joined together, thanks to the groove and comb on one matching height are arranged. And that's the distance from Kamm and groove depending on the need for the flange back or back formed consistently.

In wide-stretched arch constructions it is sometimes desired to use the entire sheet span higher and lower cassettes one behind the other to arrange. In an arched roof can from the opposite Bases to the apex lighter cassettes and / or those with lower webs are used, since the load in the apex area is lower.

The web widths and the thickness of the sheet are then on the respective Load situation matched.

A disadvantage of the components formed from these cassettes is that the cassette must be measured aligned to the load situation. This leads to all cassettes, albeit standardized, made according to dimensions are. Since at the time of filing this prior art all cassettes Edge machines were canted, this was not relevant. The Standardization of cassettes within a building object already sufficed to to be economical. The square presses did not have to be adapted to the individual Mass, but only those required for production Stop settings, which are adjusted anyway with each batch had. When roll forming, however, must for different profiles of the Rollformer be changed. However, a rollform must remain unchanged for one very large production volume, and therefore used for a wide variety of objects can be to be economical.

It is an object of the invention to provide a cost-effective and large-scale closed, to propose from sheet cassettes producible component, which is a According to individual load situation according to each strong enough interpretable.

In an aforementioned component of a plurality of sheet cassettes are the sheet metal cassettes, each with a back, two equally directed, right angles to the back bent webs and on the webs two against each other formed curved flanges. They are jetty by jetty next to each other arranged, and abutting webs of the sheet-metal cassettes are connected with each other. In this case, the component both at least a first Sheet cassette, which is formed from a sheet of a first, thinner sheet thickness is, as well as at least a second sheet cassette on which from a sheet a second, thicker sheet thickness is formed.

According to the closest prior art, cassettes are more different Sheet metal frontally pushed to a cassette tape, and therefore arranged one behind the other. To achieve an amplification of the bumps are These frontal collisions laterally adjacent cassette tapes shifted against each other.

According to the invention, however, the first cassette is roll-formed in this component, and the webs of the roll-formed first sheet cassette and the second sheet cassette lie over the entire length of at least one of the two sheet cassettes each other. It is therefore an inventive component formed from cassettes with lesser and cassettes with greater plate thickness, which are transverse in one direction are arranged side by side to the cassette longitudinal direction. This allows the roll-formed first sheet cassette or the roll-formed first sheet cassettes with Standard dimensions to produce sheet thickness and cross-sectional shape. This in turn creates the conditions for cost-effective production a large number of cassettes. Nevertheless, the load situation is individual considered by the sheet thickness of the second sheet cassette and / or the Rhythm alternating between first and second sheet cassettes can be chosen. These two parameters are static Requirements that must meet the component, and each other tuned selectable.

This solution according to the invention takes a completely new route. One Component of a plurality of cassettes forms a disc which is practical corresponds to an addition of simple bars. The component is therefore static only sustainable in the longitudinal direction of the cassette. It is therefore surprising that not all cassettes for increasing the load capacity of the component need to be strengthened equally. It is enough amazingly, some of the cassettes, e.g. every third or fourth cassette, more sustainable form. But it is precisely this that makes economic progress possible Use of roll-formed first sheet metal cassettes in statically supporting components.

Advantageously, therefore, the roll-formed first sheet cassette standard dimensions in terms of sheet thickness and cross-sectional shape, and is the Sheet thickness of the second sheet cassette and / or the rhythm in the change between the first and second sheet cassettes tuned to the through the component load to be carried.

Unlike traditional roll-formed cartridges, the first ones own Sheet metal cassettes of the inventive component advantageously a larger Sheet thickness. The static load capacity of the sheet cassette is higher Sheet thickness greater, but the costs for the rollformer increase with increase of Plate thickness also on. Advantageous sheet thicknesses are therefore in stainless steel between at least 1.5 mm and a maximum of 2 mm, preferably between at least 1.5 and a maximum of 1.8 mm. In the softer and more malleable Normal steel must or may be higher in thickness. preferred Sheet thicknesses in normal steel are therefore between at least 2 mm and a maximum of 3 mm, preferably between at least 2 and a maximum of 2.5 mm.

To the load capacity of the device of the load situation accordingly adjust the thickness of the first cassette can be selected within these limits become. Because the component next to each other sheet metal cassettes different Has plate thickness, many intermediate areas of the load capacity between the Sheet thickness steps can be reached. To increase the bearing strength are between the roll-formed also folded sheet metal cassettes are inserted, the one may have significantly higher sheet thickness. Since these are folded Sheet metal cassettes thanks to the change with rollformed cassettes only in low number must be made, the component is still inexpensive produced.

Advantageously, the roll-formed first sheet cassette further has a uniform web width of at least 140 mm and a maximum of 260 mm and a uniform spine width of at least 350 mm and a maximum of 1000 mm.

The flanges advantageously have a width that is between at least 50 and at most 120 mm. A preferred range is between at least 70 and at most 100 mm. The optimal width is between 85 and 95 mm.

This training and these areas of sizing the rollformed first Sheet metal cassette on the one hand ensure the static load capacity of the cassette, which load capacity allows to use the sheet cassette as a supporting structure. On the other hand, these areas allow the economical production of Sheet cassette in rollforming process.

Such a sheet cassette is surprisingly versatile. That's how she works placed vertically as a supporting support and in combination with other vertical set sheet cassettes are used as a load-bearing wall panel. moreover can a plurality of similar sheet cassettes to a bottom plate be assembled. In many cases, the load capacity of the bottom plate insufficient for the exclusive use of roll-formed cassettes. It is then expedient, according to the invention cassettes with greater sheet thickness to interfere with the roll-formed cartridges of lesser thickness. This allowed to assume in the planning of a standard bridge width and the different load situations by the sheet thicknesses of individual, usually at the Square machine to make handmade cassettes.

The static bearing direction of the bottom plate is the cassette longitudinal direction. Transverse to the cassette longitudinal direction, such a bottom plate must therefore along At least two linear supports rest. Between the pads she can do one Span a room width of up to 10 meters. Likewise, the sheet cassette is in Roof can be used as a carrier shell, which is either horizontal like a purlin roof is curious, or like a rafter roof in the fall line is curious. It is Therefore possible, the support structure, as well as non-structural components, one Almost completely made of sheet metal cassettes. In contrast to conventional steel or wooden support structures this forms of sheet metal cassettes formed support structure closed surfaces.

To increase the bearing strength and compensate for the Production inaccuracy is obtained in the roll-formed first sheet cassette Advantageously between the webs then to the flanges one to Back directed edge available. The width of the edge is advantageous in a range between at least 5 and 50 mm, preferably it has at least 12 and no more than 30 mm. An optimal margin width is between 17 and 25 mm. This stiffening edge also has an effect on folded cassettes much stronger sheet thicknesses positive on the capacity of the cassette and therefore allows to minimize the sheet thickness.

The necessary web widths for sheet metal cassettes to be used in walls are rather less than for cassettes to be used in trays. For walls are Bar widths of approx. 150 to 160 mm optimal, while floors 200 mm would be advantageous. Therefore, each web has the roll-formed first sheet cassette advantageously a width between at least 160 mm and a maximum of 200 mm. Advantageously, a compromise measure is chosen that can be used both in walls and in walls Floors can be used to make the same rollformer for all sheet metal cassettes to be able to use. Therefore, a preferred width is at least between 175 and maximum 190 mm.

For optimum load capacity of the sheet cassette, the back should not be too wide be. In a bottom plate, the number of webs and their height in conjunction with the dimensions of the back loaded on the pressure and on. train loaded flanges significantly for their resilience. In consideration of the required number of webs per unit area and the capacity of the Sheet metal cassettes, the back of the roll-formed sheet cassette has a beneficial Width between at least 550 and a maximum of 750 mm, preferably between 600 and 650 mm up.

The sheet metal cassettes can be assembled on the construction site to form components become. Advantageously, however, they are already in the factory to components assembled. These components or components are then on the Construction site transported and moved by crane.

Without further notice, even a sheet cassette for certain reasons with the back mounted on that side of the component on which the rest Sheet metal cassettes have the opening to the interior without thereby a such component would not correspond to the invention. It can also be one Flange next to a back.

The thickness of the component (that is the width of the bridge) can be used by transporting media in the cavities of the sheet metal cassettes be provided. So it is possible, the sheet cassettes directly as Ventilation ducts for heated air or conditioned air or cooled air too to use. The sheet cassettes only need to have a cover be provided. This cover closes the area between the two Flanges and seals, for example, on the bent edges of the flanges. The cover may have local air outlet openings or airtight be educated. Other media contained in the cavities of the sheet cassettes can be arranged, are water pipes, sewers, Electrical installations, electrical distribution boxes and pipes, gas pipes, Compressed air pipes, oil pipes, sprinkler systems, etc. The sheet metal cassettes can be used for passive solar energy use. To do this for example, the heated from the environment or the sun cassettes back cooled with air sweeping through the cavity and thereby recovered heat used. The cavity can also be used for a Hypocaust heating be used.

For certain uses of the cavities, it is expedient, the cavities to connect adjacent sheet cassettes together. These are advantageous Connection openings formed in the webs.

If also be formed at any point a connection opening can, they are preferably formed at the ends of the sheet-metal cassettes. The Location of the connection opening at the end of the sheet cassette weakens the Load capacity of the sheet cassette least.

A supporting structure of a building, e.g. a load-bearing wall core, a base plate or a roof truss, advantageously has at least one component according to the invention from a plurality of sheet cassettes. This support structure can be vertical have standing sheet cassettes, the walls or columns form and Support loads vertically. This structure can be used in floors and ceilings as well have horizontally arranged sheet cassettes. These lying sheet cassettes derive the forces of loads arranged thereon transverse to the load direction on the supporting elements, in particular on wall plates and columns on which the sheet metal cassettes rest. But this support structure can also be spatial be shaped. It can consist of sheet metal cassettes, for example, at least a vertical wall area and at least one sloped roof area include. The transition between wall area and roof area can be rounded or be edged. The sheet metal cassettes can describe an arc, so that the support structure forms an arch shell. By providing webs, in an angle deviating from a right angle to the back In the transverse direction of the sheet cassette, curved structures, e.g. longitudinally supporting vaults are produced.

Such a support structure consists of one or more inventive Components. Inventive components of several juxtaposed Sheet metal cassettes can therefore be used as in the longitudinal direction of Sheet metal cassettes Pressurized wall washers, with a surface load resilient, space-spanning floor panels, or with a surface load strong roof trusses.

To increase the span of a cassette can be provided a drawstring, which engages the ends of the cassette, and at least one strut interposed between these ends the cassette biases against the drawstring. The drawstring can open the side of the back or the opening may be provided. Conveniently tied the drawstring to a cassette with greater sheet thickness.

Advantageously, in at least one cavity of a sheet cassette Media, in particular air of a ventilation, heating or air conditioning system, Water of a heating or air conditioning system, a cooling medium of a cooling system, Water of a sprinkler system or electricity in an electrical installation transported.

Advantageously, the cavity of at least one sheet cassette for storage of energy in a cavity arranged in the latent heat storage used.

A building can therefore support walls from vertically oriented, have inventive components. It can also be made out with a bottom plate be provided horizontally aligned inventive components. Further a building can also have a roof truss of horizontal or inclined have inventive components. Therefore, a building can have one or can be multiple or virtually all load-bearing structures made of sheet metal cassettes be created. It is advantageous if as many first sheet cassettes the same Have dimensions and therefore standardized on a cost effective Rollformer can be produced. Therefore, according to the invention, these roll-formed cassette together with bevelled second sheet cassettes of a stronger sheet thickness assembled to the load situation adapted components.

Brief description of the figures:

Fig. 1

einen Querschnitt durch ein bevorzugtes Profil einer für ein erfindungsgemässes Bauteil geeigneten Blechkassette,

Fig. 2

eine mit Dämmstoff gefüllte Blechkassette,

Fig. 3

einen Längsschnitt durch ein Blechkassette gem. Fig. 1,

Fig. 4

einen perspektivischen Ausschnitt aus einer Dachkonstruktion für eine stützenlose Halle,

Fig. 5

eine Schemazeichnung eines Gebäudes aus Blechkassetten gemäss Fig. 1,

Fig. 6

eine gebogene Blechkassette,

Fig. 7

ein ebenflächiges Bauelement aus mehreren Kassetten,

Fig. 8

ein Bauelement aus mehreren abgewinkelten Kassetten,

Fig. 9

eine vorgespannte Zwischendecke aus Kassetten,

Fig. 10

eine Satteldachkonstruktion mit vorgespannten Kassetten und Zuggurt,

Fig. 11

einen Querschnitt durch eine Kassette mit einem eingelegten Füllstück zur Erstellung einer Beton-Rippendecke,

Fig. 12

eine Tabelle mit den Stahlspannungen und den Durchbiegungen einer Stahlkassette abhängig von Stegbreite und Blechdicke einerseits und Spannweite andererseits bei Zug im Rücken der Kassette.

Fig. 13

eine Tabelle mit den Stahlspannungen und den Durchbiegungen einer Stahlkassette abhängig von Stegbreite und Blechdicke einerseits und Spannweite andererseits bei Druck im Rücken der Kassette.

In the figures, embodiments of the invention, or the individual cartridges, are described in detail. It shows:

Fig. 1

a cross section through a preferred profile of a suitable for a device according to the invention sheet cassette,

Fig. 2

a sheet metal cassette filled with insulating material,

Fig. 3

a longitudinal section through a sheet cassette gem. Fig. 1,

Fig. 4

a perspective section of a roof construction for a pillarless hall,

Fig. 5

a schematic drawing of a building of sheet cassettes according to FIG. 1,

Fig. 6

a curved sheet cassette,

Fig. 7

a planar component of several cassettes,

Fig. 8

a component made up of several angled cassettes,

Fig. 9

a prestressed false ceiling made of cassettes,

Fig. 10

a saddle roof construction with prestressed cassettes and tension belt,

Fig. 11

a cross section through a cassette with an inserted filler for creating a concrete ribbed,

Fig. 12

a table with the steel stresses and deflections of a steel cassette depending on web width and sheet thickness on the one hand and span on the other hand at train in the back of the cassette.

Fig. 13

a table with the steel stresses and deflections of a steel cassette depending on web width and thickness on the one hand and span on the other hand under pressure in the back of the cassette.

The sheet-metal cassette 11 shown in FIG. 1 is a preferred embodiment of a first or second sheet-metal cassette suitable for a component according to the invention. The sheet-metal cassette 11 has a back 13 and two webs 15 extending vertically away from the back 13. Parallel to the back 13, flanges 17 protrude away from the webs and counter each other. Of the flanges 17 protrude vertically bent edges 19 in the cavity 21 of the sheet-metal cassette 11 inside. In the back 13, two V-shaped stiffening beads 23 are provided with a depth of 15 mm and an inwardly directed vertex. The apex angle of the bead 23 is 90 °. The sheet cassette 11 first is roll formed from a flat sheet. The back 13 and the webs 15, each web 15 and its flange 17, and each flange 17 and the adjoining edge 19 are at an angle of 90 ° to each other and each have a common bending edge. The sheet cassette 11 has the following mass: Width of the back 13 623 mm Width of the bridge 15 180 mm Width of the flange 17 90 mm Width of the edge 19 20 mm Opening distance between the edges 19 443 mm Sheet thickness (normal steel) 2 mm Bend radii at the bending edges 3 mm Sick distance 300 mm completion 1204.17 mm Weight 19.27 kg / m1 30.83 kg / m2

The length of the sheet metal cassette can be up to 15 m depending on the circumstances to get voted.

In such a sheet cassette form two interconnected webs 15th together with the adjoining the webs 15 flanges 17 and edges 19th on the one hand and each part of the back 13 on the other hand, a kind of double-T or I-profile. The load capacity of this profile is determined by the distance of the tensile and Restricted compression straps and their cross sections. Which areas of the flanges 17 and edges 19 and the back 13 loaded on pressure and which train are loaded, and what loads can accommodate the sheet cassettes is through to clarify a structural engineer in individual cases.

The backs 13 of the sheet metal cassettes 11 of a component form a continuous Area. This surface can be used as a support for a floor structure, a roof structure or serve a wall structure. Tapping screws can be applied over the entire surface be screwed, as is the case with trapezoidal sheets. It must therefore no consideration be taken to a beading pattern. This sheet metal surface can also be provided as a finished surface. In production or warehouses can the normal steel surface of the back 13 as a space-limiting wall surface be used. When using stainless steel, the sheet cassettes as directly raumabschliessende elements in sensitive areas, such as For example, in the food industry.

The cavities 21 of the sheet-metal cassettes can, as shown in Figure 2, with be filled with an insulating material. This advantageously happens as follows: First, the areas adjacent to the webs areas with insulation strips 22nd filled. Then insulation panels 28 are laterally between the two arranged insulating strip 22 filled, which is about the width of the opening between the edges 19 have.

The cassette cavities 21 can also be used as media channels. You can also be filled with a latent heat storage. Will the Cavities 21 of the sheet-metal cassettes 11, for example, used as air channels, so are expediently areas in the back 13 or are individual Closing elements for closing the open side of the sheet metal cassettes permeable to air, e.g. by providing a region by area Perforation.

If the sheet metal cassettes 11 are used as media channels or media slots, so it may be appropriate to connect adjacent cavities together.

From Figure 3 are the recessed at the ends 25 of the sheet cassette 11 Connection openings 27 can be seen. These connection openings 27 in the Bars 15 are semi-circular excepted and have a diameter of About three quarters of the bridge width. Connection openings 27 can also Any points of the webs 15 are excluded. May be Reinforcements of the web wall around the connection openings around required.

The section shown in Figure 4 shows the following structure: A truss 31 with a lower flange 33 and a top flange 35 and truss braces 37 is off Manufactured sheet metal profiles. These profiles are to a framework welded together. As Obergurt 35 a hat profile is used. This Hat profile has an upper flat web, at this two parallel legs, and on each of the thighs an outward hat edge. On this Hutrand the flanges 17 a variety of sheet-metal cassettes 11 are placed. The Legs of the hat profile have a width corresponding to the width of the webs Sheet metal cassettes corresponds. The backs 13 of the sheet cassettes are therefore aligned with the flat bar of the hat profile. Other such trusses 31 in form regular intervals on which the sheet-metal cassettes 11 charge together with the sheet metal cassettes a large roof area. The flanges and the hat lines are bolted or welded together. Likewise are adjacent webs of adjacent sheet cassettes with each other welded or screwed. This results in a stiffening of Sheet metal cassettes and hat profiles formed plate.

On this surface, formed by the back 13 of the sheet-metal cassettes 11 and the Flat webs of the hat profiles is a vapor barrier applied or glued. It is also possible, only the joints between the sheet-metal cassettes 11 and between the sheet metal cassettes and the hat profiles, each with a strip of a Overlap vapor barrier. On the vapor barrier is an insulating layer, preferably made of fiber insulation panels, e.g. Rock wool or glass wool, laid on and shock-transferred. With modular bands are set holder, where one Profile sheet metal roofing is attached. The holders are with the back 13 of the Sheet metal cassettes 11 connected. As connecting means come in particular Tapping screws in question, as they are used for fastening in roof structures Trapezoidal sheets are used.

From Figure 5 are a variety of applications of Components according to the invention made of sheet metal cassettes can be seen. So can the Sheet metal cassettes 11 two-storey, non-load-bearing outer walls 41 or single-storey, supporting outer walls 42 form. The sheet-metal cassettes 11 can be assembled to supporting inner walls 43. You can Forming bottom plates 45, connecting them to drops 47 and parapets 48, as well as trusses 49 form. There may be bottom recesses 51 in the Bottom plates 45 are provided for lifts and staircases. The Spans for bottom plates 45 are included in the longitudinal direction of the sheet cassettes 10 meters.

Sheet metal cassettes 11 can also, as shown in Figure 6, as a bow members 53rd be shaped around. The possible radius of curvature is the height of the bridge dependent.

A plurality of sheet metal cassettes 11, at least one of which has a larger sheet thickness, According to the invention, they are combined to form a component 55. One such device 55 is shown in FIG. Four sheet cassettes 11 of the same Length are bridge 15 at bridge 15 laid side by side. The webs are not by means illustrated connecting means interconnected. As connecting means Tapping screws are the first choice. But it may be appropriate the webs to connect by spot welding or line welding. Such Components 55 are assembled at the factory and as a component 55th delivered. Such components 55 are on the site next to each other placed or put and by connecting the abutting webs 15th connected with each other. So then form a plurality of components 55 whole components as wall plates 41,42,53, bottom plates 45 or roof plates 49th

The factory can also put together more complex components 57 become. Such a device 57 includes, for example, cassettes, the one Make wall, cassettes forming a roof tile and / or cassettes, the one Form bottom plate. So it is possible, by a juxtaposition of such Components 57, for example, the outer walls of a attic floor together with the roof of the attic storey. In Figure 8 is a such component 57 shown, the wall parts 59 and roof parts 61 includes.

To increase the span of carrying cassettes in a Zwischenbodenoder Roof construction, these can be biased. In Figure 9 is a Suspended ceiling 45 shown, the cassettes at the ends depending on a wall 42nd and center once supported by a strut 75, wherein the strut on with a the tail of the cassette connected drawstring 77 is turned off. In FIG. 10 a saddle roof construction shown. Each cassette 11 forms Saddle roof element 79 with two inclined roof surface parts. The back of the Cassette may advantageously be directed outwards and upwards, so that the Saddle roof elements 79 together form two closed surfaces, which on a First 81 abut each other and each end at a eaves 83. From Eaves 83 to Eaves 83, a tension band 78 is tensioned. On this drawstring 78 is a ridge support 76, which supports the First 81. Each roof section of the Saddle roof elements 79 is each centrally supported by a strut 75 on a drawstring 77 is parked. The drawstring 77 on which the struts 75 off, form at the point where the strut 75 is placed on the drawstring one Angle that deviates from 180 degrees. In this way a cassette can be part of a cassette Be timbered. This allows large spans without additional Span supporting elements.

FIG. 11 shows a preferred steel-concrete construction. The cassette 11 is offset with the back 13 down a space spanning. In the Cassette 11 reinforcing bars 85 are inserted parallel to the webs 15. About the Flanges 17 are placed transversely to the bottles 17 reinforcing bars 86. In the middle of the back 13 is a packing 87 in the cavity of the cassette on the back thirteenth taped. Between the filler body 87 and the webs 15 is one with Concrete fillable space formed, which accompanies the bridge. In the flanges 17 For example, openings may be punched to form a connection between the webs accompanying rooms and the space above the jetties. The cassettes 11 form a closed floor. In this soil is poured concrete, which is the Flanges 17 and the reinforcing bars 86 are covered over the bottles. Thanks to the Packages 87 forms the cast concrete body a ribbed, whose Ribs 89 each have two connected webs 15 of adjacent Encloses cassettes 11. These ribs 89 and the plate 91 formed above Together with the cassettes 11 form a relatively lightweight support structure. to Weight reduction, the concrete can also be a lightweight concrete. When Lightweight concrete come in particular foam glass concrete according to EP-A-00 915 077th or foam concrete in question.

Roll-formed cassettes are constructed according to FIGS. 12 and 13 Tables resilient. These tables were calculated for cassettes with those in the Cassette label specified parameters. The cassette name K2140ZBK designates the following parameters: K = cassette, 2 = plate thickness 2 mm, 140 = web width 140 mm, Z = tensile load in the back, BK = sheet metal cassette. The cassette designation K3260DBK, however, designates the following Parameters: K = cassette, 3 = plate thickness 3 mm, 260 = bridge width 260 mm, D = Pressure load in the back, BK = sheet metal cassette. The cassette width is constant assumed with 500 mm, the flange width with 50 mm. An edge is in this one Calculation of the capacity of the cassettes not taken into account, but affects increasing their load capacity. The modulus of elasticity of the sheet is 420 kN / mm2 used. The two bars are each as in the thirds assumed connected between the ends to open the cross-section to prevent. By combining a plurality of cassettes into one planar component is achieved with respect to the capacity better effect as by the simplified assumption for the calculation of the connection to the Third points. The moments, tensions and deflections are for the "Simple bar" calculated in the middle of the bar.

In the tables of Figs. 12 and 13, the columns are related to moments which act on the cassette 11. These depend on the length of the cassette the load is assumed to be constant at 4 kN / m2. In the first column the names of the types of cassettes are listed in the upper Table fields are the moment (span) and cassette type calculated voltages listed. The upper limit is the maximum permissible voltage of 160 N / mm2 + 5%.

In the lower table fields, the deflections are the same type listed. For example, a "simple beam" type K3240ZBK (FIG. 12) has a span of 7 meters and a load of 4 kN / m2 in Center of the beam has a tension of 106 N / mm2 and a deflection of 6 mm on.

In the table according to Figure 12 are the cassettes with the back down loaded. In the table according to FIG. 13, they are with the back upwards loaded.

The tables are cropped at 7.5 meters span. They relate to a single cartridge shape with different web widths. By suitable Choice of cassette shape (wider flanges, edge formation on the flange, beading in the back and / or in the flange, etc.) and by the combination of several cassettes To a flat component is the load capacity of the cassette or the component each increased. Therefore, spans of up to 10 meters are possible. By the Formation of drawstrings, for example, every other cassette, are Components with spans up to 20 meters can be reached. For gable roof elements With two roof flanks, which collide in the ridge, every roof flank can be individually pre-tensioned with drawstrings. Additionally or alternatively, a Tieback from eaves to eaves or even higher up between the roof flanks be provided. With the inventive components, which by folded cassettes are reinforced with larger sheet thicknesses and the Therefore mentioned drawstring constructions can span up to 40 Meters are spanned without additional constructive measures. It can Therefore waived expensive trusses and space dividing columns become.

The assembled into a sheet-like component cartridges 11 also need no diagonal composite.

In summary, a C-shaped sheet-metal cassette 11 has a spine 13, from the back 13 vertically projecting webs 15 and directed parallel to the back Flanges 17 on the webs 15 on. The flanges 17 are directed against each other. An edge 19 of the flanges bent to reinforce the flanges 17 extends into the cavity 21 of the sheet cassette 11 inside. The dimensions of the Sheet cassette 11 and the sheet thickness are dimensioned such that the sheet cassette as a static load-bearing element in a floor, a wall or a roof truss can be used. For cost-effective production, the first sheet cassette 11 roll formed. To simplify the assembly are a plurality of Sheet metal cassettes 11 assembled to form a component 55 and one web each 15 connected to an adjacent web 15. Thus the manufacturing cost of Are deep as possible, as many of the first sheet metal cassettes are standardized and in the Rollformverfahren produced. To adapt the component (55) to the static Requirements for the component (55) according to the invention, individual of the Cassettes (11) on a larger sheet thickness. These single second cassettes with larger sheet thickness are unsuitable for roll forming and custom-made on an edging machine.

Claims (12)

1. A building component (55, 57) made of a multiplicity of sheet-metal modules (11), each with a back (13), two side pieces (15) bent at right angles to the back (13) and pointing in the same direction and on the side pieces (15) two flanges (17) bent towards each other, where the sheet-steel modules (11) are arranged side piece (15) to side piece next to each other and side pieces (15) of the sheet-metal modules (11) adjacent to each other are joined to each other, with at least one first sheet-metal module (11) that is formed from a sheet metal of a first and thinner thickness and at least one second sheet-metal module (11) made by means of bending with a bending press from a second and thicker sheet metal, characterized in that the first module is formed by rolling and that the side pieces of the rolled first sheet-metal module and the second press-bent sheet-metal module are in contact with each other at least over the length of one of the two sheet-metal modules.
2. A building component in accordance with Claim 1, characterized in that the first rolled sheet-metal module has standard dimensions as regards sheet-metal thickness and cross-section shape, and that the sheet-metal thickness of the second module and/or a rhythm of alternation between first and second sheet-metal modules are individually chosen in such a manner as to take account of the load to be carried by the building component.
3. A building component in accordance with Claim 1 or Claim 2, characterized in that the side piece heights of the two sheet-metal modules of different sheet-metal thickness are the same.
4. A building component in accordance with any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the rolled first sheet-metal module has a back width of at least 350 mm and a maximum of 1000 mm, preferably between at least 550 and 750 mm, and even more preferably between 600 and 650 mm.
5. A building component in accordance with any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the flanges of the rolled first sheet-metal module have a width that lies between at least 50 and a maximum of 120 mm, preferably between at least 70 and a maximum of 100 mm, and even more preferably between 85 and 95 mm.
6. A building component in accordance with any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that from the flanges (17) between the side pieces (15) of a rolled first sheet-metal module there is always bent an edge (19) that points towards the back (13).
7. A building component in accordance with any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the edge has a width that lies between at least 5 and a maximum of 30 mm, advantageously between 12 and 30 mm, particularly preferably between 17 and 25 mm.
8. A building component in accordance with any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the side pieces (15) of the sheet-metal module (11) have a height of at least 160 mm and a maximum of 200 mm, preferably a height of between at least 175 and a maximum of 190 mm.
9. A building component in accordance with any one of the preceding claims, characterized by a tie rod and at least one strut between the tie rod and at least one sheet-metal module for prestressing the sheet-metal module.
10. A building component in accordance with any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that communication apertures (27) are formed in the side pieces (15) by means of which the hollow spaces (21) of adjacent sheet-metal modules (11) are connected to each other.
11. A building component in accordance with Claim 10, characterized in that communication apertures (27) are formed at the ends of the sheet-metal modules (11).
12. A building component in accordance with any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the rolled first sheet-metal module (11) has a sheet-metal thickness between at least 1.5 and a maximum of 1.8 mm in the case of sheet metal made of alloy steel and/or between at least 2 mm and a maximum of 3 mm, preferably between at least 2 and a maximum of 2.5 mm, in the case of sheet metal made of normal steel.

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