EP1407091B1 - Schalldämmungsvorrichtung für gebäude - Google Patents

Schalldämmungsvorrichtung für gebäude Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1407091B1
EP1407091B1 EP02787155A EP02787155A EP1407091B1 EP 1407091 B1 EP1407091 B1 EP 1407091B1 EP 02787155 A EP02787155 A EP 02787155A EP 02787155 A EP02787155 A EP 02787155A EP 1407091 B1 EP1407091 B1 EP 1407091B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
layer
support wall
metal plate
sound
absorbing material
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Revoked
Application number
EP02787155A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1407091A1 (de
Inventor
Guy Weber
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Pinta Enac Sas
Original Assignee
Enac Sa
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=8865735&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=EP1407091(B1) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by Enac Sa filed Critical Enac Sa
Publication of EP1407091A1 publication Critical patent/EP1407091A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1407091B1 publication Critical patent/EP1407091B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Revoked legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/82—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to sound only
    • E04B1/84—Sound-absorbing elements
    • E04B1/86—Sound-absorbing elements slab-shaped
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/82—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to sound only
    • E04B2001/8263—Mounting of acoustical elements on supporting structure, e.g. framework or wall surface
    • E04B2001/8281—Flat elements mounted parallel to a supporting surface with an acoustically active air gap between the elements and the mounting surface
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/82—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to sound only
    • E04B1/84—Sound-absorbing elements
    • E04B2001/8423—Tray or frame type panels or blocks, with or without acoustical filling
    • E04B2001/8433—Tray or frame type panels or blocks, with or without acoustical filling with holes in their face
    • E04B2001/8438—Slot shaped holes
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/82—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to sound only
    • E04B1/84—Sound-absorbing elements
    • E04B2001/8423—Tray or frame type panels or blocks, with or without acoustical filling
    • E04B2001/8442—Tray type elements

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the design and manufacture of acoustic absorption devices for the acoustic correction of premises or the soundproofing of caissons or casings of noisy machines.
  • a device is to be arranged in front of a support wall delimiting the room or box.
  • the invention therefore proposes to provide absorption devices of the aforementioned type whose characteristic curve is substantially equal performance level for a range of predetermined frequencies, and more particularly in the range of audible frequencies.
  • the device according to the invention comprises in combination a perforated embossed sheet active in reflection acoustic waves and a layer of porous absorbent material which is fixed glued against said sheet so as to be disposed between the latter and the support wall.
  • the layer of porous material strongly dampens the resonances, so that the characteristic curve of the absorption capacity of the device as a whole is smoothed.
  • the absorption device is disposed at a distance from the support wall so as to provide an air gap between the absorbent material layer and the support wall.
  • One of the major advantages of the invention is here to lead to sound wave absorption elements that are easily parameterizable according to the sound spectrum to be corrected, by playing on the respective thicknesses of the air gap and the layer: of absorbent which separates it from the reflective sheet.
  • the perforations of the sheet: embossed are slots arranged in regular mesh as in an expanded metal plate.
  • the porous absorbent material is of the cellular type, such as a melamine or polyurethane foam.
  • the porous absorbent material is a felt, in particular based on natural or artificial fibers, especially based on glass wool or rockwool.
  • the thickness of the layer of porous absorbent material is between 5 and 200 mm and the thickness of the embossed sheet is between 0.5 and 1.5 mm.
  • the perforated embossed sheet is bonded to the layer of porous material so as to constitute a self-supporting assembly in which the sheet serves to ensure the mechanical strength.
  • the sheet is also used to fix the device in front of a support wall soundproofing.
  • it protects the absorbent layer from external aggressions.
  • the device according to the invention is advantageously made of modular elements to be assembled on site in front of a support wall.
  • the invention relates to an acoustic element operating by reflection and absorption of air vibrations or acoustic vibrations and for the acoustic correction of noisy premises or the soundproofing of boxes or enclosures containing noisy devices.
  • This may include, for example, noisy industrial premises, such as wind tunnels, or public buildings such as hospitals.
  • the invention also applies to boxes containing noisy machines.
  • the acoustic element according to the invention is intended to be placed on the inner walls of rooms or soundproof enclosures, or in the vicinity of these walls.
  • the absorbent element according to the invention essentially consists of a sheet 1 which has perforations and which is of embossed shape and a layer 2 of porous absorbent material, cellular or fibrous, which is fixed on the inner face 6 of the sheet 1.
  • the sheet 1 has a low rate of perforation, that is to say that the proportion of its surface that is occupied by holes or perforations is small relative to its total area. This rate is, for example, at most a quarter.
  • the sheet 1 is rectangular in shape and its four edges 3 and 4 are folded 90 degrees towards the inner face 6 of the sheet 1 so as to form a rectangular housing in which the layer 2 of absorbent material is placed.
  • the two opposite edges 4 of the sheet 1 are bent again 90 degrees so as to obtain flaps 5 parallel to the inner face of the sheet 1.
  • the height of the side walls 3 and 4 corresponds to the thickness of the absorbent layer 2 and the flaps 5 are made after the introduction of the layer 2 of absorbent material. They thus protect the edges of the absorbent layer, mainly from the mechanical point of view.
  • the sheet 1 is a metal sheet made for example of aluminum, steel or stainless steel.
  • This sheet 1 is thin, preferably between 0.5 and 1.5 mm.
  • the sheet is perforated, that is to say that it has small slots arranged in regular mesh. It is also embossed, that is to say it has bumps and hollows in a regular distribution repeated. In the case considered, it is deformed in such a way that the slots are pushed back, during its production, in a plane different from the initial plane of the sheet. II This is a perforated embossed sheet of the type of a metal plate deployed.
  • FIG 3 is a partial view on a large scale of the outer face 7 of the sheet 1.
  • This figure shows two rows of slots 8 which have a first edge 9 which lies in the plane of the outer face 7 of the sheet and a deformed edge 11 which has been pushed over the outer face 7 during the production of the slots. It follows that there is a portion 12 of the sheet which is embossed, that is to say that it has been pushed out of the initial plane of the sheet, that is to say from the outer face 7, such that the slots have a certain height in the direction perpendicular to the plane of the sheet. It can be seen that the two rows of slots 8 are staggered with respect to one another, with a slight overlap of the slots of one row with respect to the slots of the neighboring row.
  • These slots are made by means of a saw blade-shaped tool that tears the metal and then folds it.
  • the variable parameters are the shape of the tool which gives the length of the slot and the depth of penetration of the latter in the metal which gives the width of the mesh.
  • porous absorbent layer it is possible, for example, to use cellular organic materials such as melamine foam or polyurethane foam, or fibrous materials such as cotton, polyester, polypropylene, polychloroprene, etc. or mineral wools, for example glass wool or rockwool.
  • cellular organic materials such as melamine foam or polyurethane foam
  • fibrous materials such as cotton, polyester, polypropylene, polychloroprene, etc. or mineral wools, for example glass wool or rockwool.
  • the height of the edges 3 and 4 corresponds to the thickness of the absorbent layer and can be between 5 and 200 mm.
  • the perforation ratio and the perforation density have been optimized for acoustic absorption in the audible frequency range by the human being, in order to obtain a resistivity to the passage of air between 500 and 3300 N s / m 3 .
  • these data are not limiting. They can vary in particular according to the applications of the invention.
  • the sheet When such a sheet is placed in front of a reflecting support, namely the wall of the enclosure to be soundproofed, the sheet functions as an absorbent material which has a selective character according to the reflection phenomena that occur between the support wall and the inner face 6 of the sheet 1.
  • C is the speed of sound in the air, for example 343 m / s at 20 ° C
  • d is the thickness of the air space, that is the distance between the air gap. sheet and the support wall.
  • the values of the acoustic absorption coefficients take a minimum value and this results in significant valleys in the curve of absorption of the absorption device.
  • the layer of absorbent material 2 is associated with the sheet 1, this layer 2 being placed between the sheet 1 and the support wall, being applied to the sheet 1. In this way, the cavity resonances are damped by the absorbing material and the values of the absorption coefficients become homogeneous.
  • the efficiency of the device can be varied over the frequency range so as to obtain an absorption curve as a function of the frequency. be as flat as possible for the range of frequencies to be filtered.
  • the method of fixing the layer of absorbent material on the sheet does not modify the structure of the perforated embossed sheet, that is to say that the absorbent material does not obstruct the slots 8, so that that the resistivity to the passage of air from the sheet is not changed.
  • FIG. 1 A first method is illustrated on the Figures 1 and 2 .
  • the sheet is folded on at least two sides and the layer 2 is placed between the sheet and the folded edges.
  • Another possibility is to fix the layer of absorbent material using a hot pressing process, a layer of absorbent material being strongly hot pressed on the sheet. During this operation, the absorbent material adheres to the asperities of the embossed sheet which constitute points of contact without sealing the perforations.
  • the material here contains a binder which then ensures the fixing by gluing.
  • the fixing of the acoustic device thus produced on the support wall is carried out by means of fixing members which bear on the sheet metal 1, because this sheet generally benefits from mechanical strength characteristics related to its metallic nature which does not present the layer of porous material.
  • the fixing members may advantageously be constituted by profiles connecting the sheet 1 to the support wall at the level of deformations of the sheet where it is removed from the layer of porous material, or by tie rods passing through all the layers of the acoustic device at level of the flaps 5 of the sheet which are formed overlapping the edges of the layer of porous material.
  • the method of fixing such members in the support wall can be especially by screwing, possibly in pins previously installed when the nature of the support wall requires.
  • the figure 9 illustrates, in sectional view, such a method of attachment, showing how a void space is formed between the layer of porous material 2 and the support wall. It shows a tie rod 11, which passes through the sheet 1, the layer 2 of acoustic material, and the flap 5.
  • the fastener is completed by a washer 12 and a hollow spacer 14 which is interposed on the tie rod 11 when this one is set up. It is then fixed in the support wall 15, for example by involving a pin 16.
  • the washer 12 ensures the support of the flap 5 on the spacer 15, which maintains a distance relative to the wall 15 which corresponds to the desired thickness of the air space.
  • the layer 2 is not subjected to any mechanical stress which could alter its acoustic qualities.
  • the free ends of the side walls 4 are advantageously folded 90 degrees outwardly to form lugs 10 which is fixed on the support wall.
  • the height of the side walls 4 corresponds to the thickness of the air gap formed, that is to say to the distance provided between the sheet 1 and the support wall. This height corresponds to the thickness of the layer 2 increased by the thickness of free air provided between the layer 2 and the support wall.
  • the figure 10 illustrates, in sectional view, a method of fixing the device of the figure 4 .
  • the outer flaps 10 of two adjacent devices are placed one over the other and traversed by a nail or similar member 17 which is fixed in the support wall 15 by pressing the flaps 10 on this wall, thus ensuring the desired thickness of the air space.
  • the figure 6 shows the curves of the sound absorption coefficient as a function of the frequency of the embossed perforated sheet placed in front of a wall for air gaps varying between 20 and 100 mm. It can be seen that, for all the curves, there are one or more significant depressions in the absorption curve, the frequency corresponding to these hollows being inversely proportional to the thickness of the air space.
  • the Figures 7 and 8 are corresponding curves for devices comprising a reflective sheet and an absorbent layer as provided by the invention.
  • the layer 2 of absorbent material is made of melamine foam and has a thickness of 60 mm.
  • the space between the support wall and the porous layer 2 is minimal.
  • the figure 8 is an example embodiment in which the layer 2 is also made of melamine foam and its thickness is 40 mm.
  • the device according to the invention is disposed at 60 mm from the support wall, the thickness of the air space formed being therefore 100 mm.
  • FIGS. 11 and 12 represent, still in section, a method of attachment of another embodiment of the device according to the invention.
  • the layer 20 of insulating material is fixed by gluing, by means of a glue layer or by hot compression, to a sheet 21 which projects from the layer 20 on the sides, in a straight line, so as to between two neighboring devices, advantageously in the form of identical slabs, a free space of acoustic material below the extensions 25 of the sheets 20.
  • a spacer 22 is associated with the assembly, to be fixed on the support wall 15. It carries on its free end a profile 23 ( figure 12 ), with current section shaped omega reversed, which is fixed on its central portion, for example by a rivet 24.
  • This section 23 is housed with the end of the spacer 23 in the aforementioned free space, in a position where the extensions 25 of the plates 21 rest on lateral plates 26 of the profile 23.
  • the extensions 25 of the sheets 20 are held on the profile 23 by means of a clip 27 which is clipped into the section 23 and which also constitutes a cover joint between the respective extensions of the plates of the two neighboring devices.
  • the device according to the invention can be used in particular in the building, for example for the production of absorbent dihedra for anechoic rooms, absorbent ceilings, or absorbent wall facings.
  • the invention applies in particular in wind tunnels, industrial buildings, social-cultural buildings, the hospital sector.
  • the invention can also be used profitably in the industry to produce acoustic absorbent facings or silent devices, in particular in shipbuilding or aeronautics, the railway industry, the automobile industry, the acoustic enclosure of noisy machines, heating and air-conditioning equipment, agricultural and military equipment, as well as public works machinery, the computer industry and glass recycling containers.
  • the perforated embossed sheet is used to ensure the mechanical strength of the sound absorption device by constituting a stiffening support for the acoustic wave absorption layer and realizing its protection.
  • the elements according to the invention can be marketed by combining with the perforated embossed sheet and the acoustic absorption layer of the attachment to the support wall for which they are intended which ensure an air gap of predetermined thickness.
  • the layer of absorbent material is arranged fixed against the perforated embossed sheet, on the internal face thereof, by gluing on the asperities it has because it is embossed, and said layer is thus disposed between said sheet and the support wall for which it is intended, and at a distance from this support wall which is chosen in connection with the thickness of the layer of absorbent material to ensure a desired effect in correction of a sound spectrum in a range of determined frequency.
  • the perforated embossed sheet is itself shaped to impose a predetermined distance between the inner face of the absorbent layer and the support wall.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
  • Soundproofing, Sound Blocking, And Sound Damping (AREA)
  • Window Of Vehicle (AREA)
  • Meat, Egg Or Seafood Products (AREA)
  • External Artificial Organs (AREA)

Claims (6)

  1. Vorrichtung zur Schalldämmung von Räumen oder Gehäusen, die zur Anbringung vor einer den Raum oder das Gehäuse begrenzenden Trägerwand dient, welche ein Metallelement und eine Schicht (2) aus absorbierendem Material aufweist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Metallelement ein für die Reflektion von Schallwellen aktives perforiertes Waffelblech (1) ist und dass die Schicht (2) aus porösem, akustisch absorbierendem Material mit dem Blech (1) so verklebt ist, dass es zwischen letzterem und der Trägerwand angeordnet ist und zwar in einem solchen Abstand von der Trägerwand, dass ein Luftspalt zwischen der Schicht (2) aus absorbierendem Material und der Trägerwand ausgespart bleibt, wobei die Dicke des Luftspaltes in Abhängigkeit von derjenigen der Schicht (2) aus absorbierendem Material so gewählt wird, dass ein gewünschter Korrektureffekt auf das Schallspektrum in einem vorgegebenen Frequenzbereich erzielt wird.
  2. Vorrichtung gemäß Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Schicht (2) aus absorbierendem Material durch Heißpressen in die Unebenheiten, die das Blech aufweist, weil es sich um ein Waffelblech handelt, mit dem Blech (1) verklebt wird.
  3. Vorrichtung gemäß einem der vorherigen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Blech (1) ein Streckmetall ist.
  4. Vorrichtung gemäß Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sie Befestigungsmittel an der Trägerwand (1) aufweist, die gegen diese in Anlage kommen, wobei die Befestigungsmittel wenigstens eine Verankerungseinrichtung (11) aufweisen, welche nacheinander das Blech (1), die Schicht (2) aus absorbierendem Material und eine Lasche (5) durchqueren kann, die durch Umfalten der Ränder des Blechs (1) gebildet wird und eine Ausnehmung definiert, welche die Ränder der Schicht (2) aus absorbierendem Material aufnehmen kann, sowie wenigstens einen Abstandshalter (14, 22), welcher zwischen der Lasche (5) und der Trägerwand angeordnet werden kann, um dort den Luftspalt offen zu halten.
  5. Vorrichtung gemäß einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Grad der Perforation und die Dichte der Perforation des Bleches (1) so festgelegt sind, dass der Luftwiderstand beim Durchgang der Luft durch das Blech (1) zwischen 500 und 3300 N s/m3 I.
  6. Vorrichtung gemäß einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Dicke der Schicht (2) aus porösem absorbierendem Material zwischen 5 und 200 mm liegt und/oder dass die Dicke des Blechs (1) zwischen 0,5 und 1,5 mm liegt.
EP02787155A 2001-07-16 2002-07-16 Schalldämmungsvorrichtung für gebäude Revoked EP1407091B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR0109707 2001-07-16
FR0109707A FR2827419B1 (fr) 2001-07-16 2001-07-16 Dispositif d'absorption acoustique
PCT/FR2002/002518 WO2003008725A1 (fr) 2001-07-16 2002-07-16 Dispositif d'absorption acoustique pour un local

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1407091A1 EP1407091A1 (de) 2004-04-14
EP1407091B1 true EP1407091B1 (de) 2008-08-13

Family

ID=8865735

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP02787155A Revoked EP1407091B1 (de) 2001-07-16 2002-07-16 Schalldämmungsvorrichtung für gebäude

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1407091B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE404750T1 (de)
DE (1) DE60228257D1 (de)
FR (1) FR2827419B1 (de)
WO (1) WO2003008725A1 (de)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102004053751A1 (de) 2004-11-06 2006-05-11 Seeber Ag & Co. Kg Akustik-Verkleidungsteil für ein Fahrzeug
NO322685B1 (no) 2005-03-23 2006-11-27 Deamp As Plateelement
US8191678B2 (en) 2006-01-19 2012-06-05 Se Electronics International, Inc. Apparatus for absorbing acoustical energy and use thereof
RU2648738C2 (ru) * 2014-02-26 2018-03-28 Олег Савельевич Кочетов Штучный звукопоглотитель кочетова для транспортных объектов

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1005712A (en) * 1961-04-18 1965-09-29 Smith & Wellstood Ltd Improvements in or relating to acoustic facing panels
DE2252576A1 (de) * 1972-10-26 1974-05-02 Pregler Richard Isolierplatte aus kunststoffolie
DE2263700A1 (de) * 1972-12-27 1974-07-04 Zieringer Philipp Kg Perforierte platte mit einseitig schalltransparenter abdeckung der perforation
AU2095883A (en) * 1982-11-04 1984-05-10 Universal Agencies Pty. Ltd. Ceiling tile
FR2632672A1 (fr) * 1988-06-14 1989-12-15 Smac Acieroid Ecran d'absorption acoustique
JP2533618B2 (ja) * 1988-10-03 1996-09-11 株式会社竹中工務店 空調用ダクト
GB2282158B (en) * 1993-09-06 1997-08-20 Kingspan Res & Dev Ltd An acoustic liner assembly

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2003008725A1 (fr) 2003-01-30
EP1407091A1 (de) 2004-04-14
FR2827419B1 (fr) 2004-02-06
DE60228257D1 (de) 2008-09-25
ATE404750T1 (de) 2008-08-15
FR2827419A1 (fr) 2003-01-17

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