EP1406052B1 - Integrated process for air separation and energy generation and plant for carrying out the process - Google Patents

Integrated process for air separation and energy generation and plant for carrying out the process Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1406052B1
EP1406052B1 EP03300172A EP03300172A EP1406052B1 EP 1406052 B1 EP1406052 B1 EP 1406052B1 EP 03300172 A EP03300172 A EP 03300172A EP 03300172 A EP03300172 A EP 03300172A EP 1406052 B1 EP1406052 B1 EP 1406052B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
air
air separation
compressor
combustion chamber
turbine
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Revoked
Application number
EP03300172A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1406052A2 (en
EP1406052A3 (en
Inventor
Alain l'Air Liquide SA Guillard
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LAir Liquide SA pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
Original Assignee
Air Liquide SA
LAir Liquide SA a Directoire et Conseil de Surveillance pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude
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Application filed by Air Liquide SA, LAir Liquide SA a Directoire et Conseil de Surveillance pour lEtude et lExploitation des Procedes Georges Claude filed Critical Air Liquide SA
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Publication of EP1406052A3 publication Critical patent/EP1406052A3/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04763—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used
    • F25J3/04769—Operation, control and regulation of the process; Instrumentation within the process
    • F25J3/04812—Different modes, i.e. "runs" of operation
    • F25J3/04818—Start-up of the process
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04151—Purification and (pre-)cooling of the feed air; recuperative heat-exchange with product streams
    • F25J3/04163—Hot end purification of the feed air
    • F25J3/04169—Hot end purification of the feed air by adsorption of the impurities
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04521—Coupling of the air fractionation unit to an air gas-consuming unit, so-called integrated processes
    • F25J3/04527—Integration with an oxygen consuming unit, e.g. glass facility, waste incineration or oxygen based processes in general
    • F25J3/04539—Integration with an oxygen consuming unit, e.g. glass facility, waste incineration or oxygen based processes in general for the H2/CO synthesis by partial oxidation or oxygen consuming reforming processes of fuels
    • F25J3/04545—Integration with an oxygen consuming unit, e.g. glass facility, waste incineration or oxygen based processes in general for the H2/CO synthesis by partial oxidation or oxygen consuming reforming processes of fuels for the gasification of solid or heavy liquid fuels, e.g. integrated gasification combined cycle [IGCC]
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04521—Coupling of the air fractionation unit to an air gas-consuming unit, so-called integrated processes
    • F25J3/04563—Integration with a nitrogen consuming unit, e.g. for purging, inerting, cooling or heating
    • F25J3/04575—Integration with a nitrogen consuming unit, e.g. for purging, inerting, cooling or heating for a gas expansion plant, e.g. dilution of the combustion gas in a gas turbine
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04521—Coupling of the air fractionation unit to an air gas-consuming unit, so-called integrated processes
    • F25J3/04593—The air gas consuming unit is also fed by an air stream
    • F25J3/04606—Partially integrated air feed compression, i.e. independent MAC for the air fractionation unit plus additional air feed from the air gas consuming unit
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04763—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used
    • F25J3/04866—Construction and layout of air fractionation equipments, e.g. valves, machines
    • F25J3/04951—Arrangements of multiple air fractionation units or multiple equipments fulfilling the same process step, e.g. multiple trains in a network
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J3/00—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification
    • F25J3/02—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream
    • F25J3/04—Processes or apparatus for separating the constituents of gaseous or liquefied gaseous mixtures involving the use of liquefaction or solidification by rectification, i.e. by continuous interchange of heat and material between a vapour stream and a liquid stream for air
    • F25J3/04763—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used
    • F25J3/04866—Construction and layout of air fractionation equipments, e.g. valves, machines
    • F25J3/04951—Arrangements of multiple air fractionation units or multiple equipments fulfilling the same process step, e.g. multiple trains in a network
    • F25J3/04957—Arrangements of multiple air fractionation units or multiple equipments fulfilling the same process step, e.g. multiple trains in a network and inter-connecting equipments upstream of the fractionation unit (s), i.e. at the "front-end"
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2240/00—Processes or apparatus involving steps for expanding of process streams
    • F25J2240/80—Hot exhaust gas turbine combustion engine

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an integrated air separation process and an installation for carrying out such a method.
  • EP-A-568431 describes the use of an integrated system. The difficulties of regulation of this kind of system are explained in EP-A-0622595.
  • each separation device is fed from a gas turbine compressor and sends nitrogen only to the same gas turbine.
  • An object of the invention is to overcome the defects of known systems.
  • an integrated air separation method producing an oxygen-enriched fluid and optionally a nitrogen-enriched fluid in an installation comprising at least two air separation devices, each comprising at least two distillation columns, a first air compressor, a first combustion chamber, and a first expansion turbine, wherein compressed air is supplied to the first air separation apparatus at least by the first compressor of air which also supplies compressed air to the first combustion chamber, compressed air is supplied to the second air separation apparatus at least by an auxiliary compressor which does not supply a combustion chamber but which also feeds the first air separation device.
  • an integrated installation comprising a first air separation apparatus, a second air separation apparatus, a first compressor, a combustion chamber, an expansion turbine, a compressor auxiliary means for sending air from the first compressor to the combustion chamber and the first air separation apparatus, means for sending air from the auxiliary compressor to the first air separation apparatus and the second air separation apparatus, said auxiliary compressor not supplying a combustion chamber.
  • the auxiliary compressor is not connected with a compressed air consuming unit apart from the first and second air separation apparatuses.
  • the degree of integration determines which products can be removed from each device, typically the purest oxygen and / or argon products from the second device which will be more stable in operation due to the low degree of integration.
  • a compressor 13 is supplied with air and sends a first air flow to a combustion chamber 17 with fuel, a second air flow to a first air separation apparatus 1 and possibly a third air flow to a second air separation apparatus 101, the third flow being generally lower than the second flow.
  • the means for cooling the air of the outlet temperature of the compressor 13 to a temperature close to ambient upstream of the air separation apparatus 1 and upstream of the air separation apparatus 101 are not not illustrated.
  • the first air separation unit typically of the double or triple column type, produces at least one nitrogen enriched gas 3 and an oxygen enriched high pressure gas containing at most 98 mol. % oxygen, possibly at most 95 mol. % oxygen or even at most 93 mol. % oxygen which is sent to a gasifier 31.
  • the nitrogen-enriched gas is sent to the combustion chamber 17 or to another point upstream of the turbine 19.
  • the first device may possibly produce a small amount of liquid.
  • Part of the air sent to the air separation unit 1 can be sent through an insufflation turbine (feeding the low pressure column of the double or triple column).
  • the second air separation apparatus produces oxygen 105 containing at least 98 mol. % oxygen, argon gas and / or liquid and possibly nitrogen or oxygen-rich liquids and a flow of impure nitrogen 103 which may optionally be sent to the combustion chamber 17.
  • a portion of the oxygen 105 may be sent to the gasifier 31.
  • the second apparatus 101 is preferably of the pressurized type, and therefore with a low pressure column from which the oxygen enriched fluid is withdrawn operating at above 1.5 bara, preferably above 3 bara.
  • the second apparatus may comprise an argon-enriched flow purification column.
  • a part of the air sent to the second apparatus 101 is expanded in a Claude turbine before being sent to the air distillation column operating at the highest pressure.
  • the ratio between the air flow rate from the compressor 121 to the apparatus 101 and the air flow (if any) from the compressor 13 to the apparatus 101 is greater than the ratio of the flow rate air sent from the compressor 21 to the apparatus 1 and the air flow sent from the compressor 13 to this apparatus 1.
  • the two compressors 21, 121 are replaced by a single compressor supplying the devices 1, 101.
  • a first air compressor 13 provides air to the first air separation apparatus 1 and a first combustion chamber 17, the combustion gases of which supply a first expansion turbine 19 which allows the generation of air. electricity.
  • a second air compressor 15 supplies air to the air separation apparatus 1 and to a second combustion chamber 23, the combustion gases of which feed a second expansion turbine 25 which allows the generation of electricity.
  • a third air compressor 21 supplies air to the air separation apparatus.
  • the means for cooling the air of the outlet temperature of the compressors 13, 15 to a temperature close to ambient upstream of the first air separation apparatus 1 and upstream of the second air separation apparatus 101 are not not illustrated.
  • the waste gas 3 of the separation apparatus 1 may be sent upstream of the first and / or the second turbine, for example to the first and / or the second combustion chamber and / or to the inlet of the first and / or the second turbine.
  • the oxygen-enriched gas under pressure is preferably fed to one or more gasifiers 31, 131 where it serves to produce fuel for at least one of the combustion chambers 17, 23.
  • the compressors 13, 15, 21 can supply air at different pressures, for example different by at least 0.5 bar from each other.
  • the higher pressure flow rates can be expanded to the lower pressure to purify all air flows together.
  • the flows can be sent to columns of the ASU operating at different pressures with a suitable purge.
  • FIG. 2 In the installation of FIG. 2 there are two air separation units 1, 101, each having at least two distillation columns and each possibly having its own cold box.
  • the apparatus 1 produces the same products as those described above: the apparatus 101 produces at least residual nitrogen 103 and oxygen enriched gas optionally under several pressures or at least under high pressure.
  • the waste nitrogen 103 may be sent to the first and / or second combustion chamber or alternatively may be discharged to the atmosphere, used for the regeneration of the first and / or second apparatus 1, 101 or otherwise used.
  • the oxygen 105 may be sent to another gasifier 131, gasify 31 or another use, particularly if its purity is different from that of the oxygen 5.
  • the apparatus 101 may provide mainly or solely pure oxygen at above 98 mol% oxygen while the first apparatus can produce solely or mainly impure oxygen at below 95 mol. % oxygen.
  • the apparatus 101 is supplied with air from a dedicated compressor which sends air to the two air separation units and possibly from a dedicated compressor 121 and the dedicated compressor 21 and possibly very partially from the first compressor 13 or the second compressor 15.

Abstract

Each air separator (1, 101) contains two distillation columns. Compressed air is supplied to the first air separator (1) by a first air compressor (13) which also supplies compressed air to a first combustion chamber (17). At least one auxiliary compressor (21, 121) supplies air to the first and second air separators but not the combustion chamber. There is also a first expansion turbine (19) An Independent claim is also included for the installation for carrying out the above process, where the auxiliary compressor is not connected to a compressed air consumer unit other than the two air separators. The first separator and/or the second separator do not include production of a liquid as the final product. The first separator and/or the second separator do not include a column producing argon. The first separator includes a blowing turbine and/or the second separator contains a Claude turbine and not a blowing turbine.

Description

La présente invention est relative à un procédé intégré de séparation d'air et une installation pour la mise en oeuvre d'un tel procédé.The present invention relates to an integrated air separation process and an installation for carrying out such a method.

Il est bien connu d'envoyer un gaz enrichi en azote d'un appareil de séparation d'air en amont d'une turbine de détente de gaz de combustion. La chambre de combustion est alimentée en air comprimé provenant d'un compresseur d'air qui peut fournir tout ou une partie de l'air nécessaire à l'appareil de séparation d'air (ASU) comme illustré dans EP-A-0538118. Alternativement comme dans le cas de GB-A-2067688 tout l'air peut provenir d'un compresseur dédié.It is well known to send a nitrogen enriched gas from an air separation apparatus upstream of a combustion gas expansion turbine. The combustion chamber is supplied with compressed air from an air compressor which can supply all or part of the air required for the air separation apparatus (ASU) as shown in EP-A-0538118. Alternatively as in the case of GB-A-2067688 all the air can come from a dedicated compressor.

Dans le cas où il serait souhaité produire de l'argon, EP-A-568431 décrit l'usage d'un système intégré.
Les difficultés de régulation de ce genre de système sont expliquées dans EP-A-0622595.In the case where it is desired to produce argon, EP-A-568431 describes the use of an integrated system.
The difficulties of regulation of this kind of system are explained in EP-A-0622595.

Généralement pour des questions de fiabilité, sur un même site, il y a deux turbines à gaz et deux appareils de séparation d'air sensiblement identiques produisant à la fois l'oxygène impur nécessaire à la gazéification des carburants et l'azote. Chaque appareil de séparation est alimenté à partir d'un compresseur de turbine à gaz et envoie de l'azote uniquement à cette même turbine à gaz.Generally for reliability reasons, on the same site, there are two substantially identical gas turbines and two air separation units producing both the impure oxygen necessary for the gasification of the fuels and the nitrogen. Each separation device is fed from a gas turbine compressor and sends nitrogen only to the same gas turbine.

Un but de l'invention est de pallier les défauts des systèmes connus.An object of the invention is to overcome the defects of known systems.

Selon un aspect de l'invention, il est prévu un procédé intégré de séparation d'air produisant un fluide enrichi en oxygène et éventuellement un fluide enrichi en azote dans une installation comprenant au moins deux appareils de séparation d'air, chacun comprenant au moins deux colonnes de distillation, un premier compresseur d'air, une première chambre de combustion, et une première turbine de détente, dans lequel de l'air comprimé est fourni au premier appareil de séparation d'air au moins par le premier compresseur d'air qui fournit également de l'air comprimé à la première chambre de combustion, de l'air comprimé est fourni au deuxième appareil de séparation d'air au moins par un compresseur auxiliaire qui n'alimente pas de chambre de combustion mais qui alimente également le premier appareil de séparation d'air.According to one aspect of the invention, there is provided an integrated air separation method producing an oxygen-enriched fluid and optionally a nitrogen-enriched fluid in an installation comprising at least two air separation devices, each comprising at least two distillation columns, a first air compressor, a first combustion chamber, and a first expansion turbine, wherein compressed air is supplied to the first air separation apparatus at least by the first compressor of air which also supplies compressed air to the first combustion chamber, compressed air is supplied to the second air separation apparatus at least by an auxiliary compressor which does not supply a combustion chamber but which also feeds the first air separation device.

Selon un autre aspect de l'invention, il est prévu une installation intégrée comprenant un premier appareil de séparation d'air, un deuxième appareil de séparation d'air, un premier compresseur, une chambre de combustion, une turbine de détente, un compresseur auxiliaire, des moyens pour envoyer de l'air du premier compresseur à la chambre de combustion et au premier appareil de séparation d'air, des moyens pour envoyer de l'air du compresseur auxiliaire au premier appareil de séparation d'air et au deuxième appareil de séparation d'air, ce compresseur auxiliaire n'alimentant pas de chambre de combustion.According to another aspect of the invention, there is provided an integrated installation comprising a first air separation apparatus, a second air separation apparatus, a first compressor, a combustion chamber, an expansion turbine, a compressor auxiliary means for sending air from the first compressor to the combustion chamber and the first air separation apparatus, means for sending air from the auxiliary compressor to the first air separation apparatus and the second air separation apparatus, said auxiliary compressor not supplying a combustion chamber.

De préférence, le compresseur auxiliaire n'est pas relié avec une unité consommatrice d'air comprimé à part les premier et deuxième appareils de séparation d'air.Preferably, the auxiliary compressor is not connected with a compressed air consuming unit apart from the first and second air separation apparatuses.

Eventuellement :

  • le premier appareil ne comprend pas de moyen de production de liquide comme produit final et/ou le deuxième appareil comprend un moyen de production de liquide comme produit final ;
  • le premier appareil ne comprend pas de colonne de production d'argon et/ou le deuxième appareil comprend une colonne de production d'argon ;
  • le premier appareil comprend une turbine d'insufflation et/ou le deuxième appareil comprend une turbine Claude et éventuellement ne comprend pas de turbine d'insufflation.
Eventually :
  • the first apparatus does not include liquid production means as final product and / or the second apparatus comprises liquid production means as final product;
  • the first apparatus does not include an argon-producing column and / or the second apparatus comprises an argon-producing column;
  • the first apparatus comprises an insufflation turbine and / or the second apparatus comprises a Claude turbine and possibly does not include an insufflation turbine.

Le degré d'intégration détermine quels produits peuvent être sortis de chaque appareil, en général les produits plus purs en oxygène et/ou en argon provenant du deuxième appareil dont le fonctionnement sera plus stable, grâce au faible degré d'intégration.The degree of integration determines which products can be removed from each device, typically the purest oxygen and / or argon products from the second device which will be more stable in operation due to the low degree of integration.

Des procédés et des installations selon l'invention seront maintenant décrits en se référant aux Figures 1 et 2 qui sont des dessins schématiques d'installations intégrées.Methods and facilities according to the invention will now be described with reference to Figures 1 and 2 which are schematic drawings of integrated installations.

Dans la Figure 1, un compresseur 13 est alimenté en air et envoie un premier débit d'air à une chambre de combustion 17 avec du carburant, un deuxième débit d'air à un premier appareil de séparation d'air 1 et éventuellement un troisième débit d'air à un deuxième appareil de séparation d'air 101, le troisième débit étant en générale inférieur au deuxième débit.In Figure 1, a compressor 13 is supplied with air and sends a first air flow to a combustion chamber 17 with fuel, a second air flow to a first air separation apparatus 1 and possibly a third air flow to a second air separation apparatus 101, the third flow being generally lower than the second flow.

Les moyens pour refroidir l'air de la température de sortie du compresseur 13 à une température voisine de l'ambiante en amont de l'appareil de séparation d'air 1 et en amont de l'appareil de séparation d'air 101 ne sont pas illustrés.The means for cooling the air of the outlet temperature of the compressor 13 to a temperature close to ambient upstream of the air separation apparatus 1 and upstream of the air separation apparatus 101 are not not illustrated.

Un seul des compresseurs 21 ou 121 alimente le premier et le deuxième appareils de séparation d'air (1,101).Only one of the compressors 21 or 121 feeds the first and second air separation apparatus (1,101).

Le premier appareil de séparation d'air, typiquement du type à double ou à triple colonne, produit au moins un gaz enrichi en azote 3 et un gaz haute pression enrichi en oxygène 5 contenant au plus 98 mol. % d'oxygène, éventuellement au plus 95 mol. % d'oxygène ou même au plus 93 mol. % d'oxygène qui est envoyé à un gazéifieur 31. Le gaz enrichi en azote est envoyé à la chambre de combustion 17 ou à un autre point en amont de la turbine 19.The first air separation unit, typically of the double or triple column type, produces at least one nitrogen enriched gas 3 and an oxygen enriched high pressure gas containing at most 98 mol. % oxygen, possibly at most 95 mol. % oxygen or even at most 93 mol. % oxygen which is sent to a gasifier 31. The nitrogen-enriched gas is sent to the combustion chamber 17 or to another point upstream of the turbine 19.

Le premier appareil peut éventuellement produire une petite quantité de liquide.The first device may possibly produce a small amount of liquid.

Dans l'exemple il ne produit pas d'argon.In the example it does not produce argon.

Une partie de l'air envoyé à l'appareil de séparation d'air 1 peut y être envoyée à travers une turbine d'insufflation (alimentant la colonne basse pression de la double ou triple colonne).Part of the air sent to the air separation unit 1 can be sent through an insufflation turbine (feeding the low pressure column of the double or triple column).

Le deuxième appareil de séparation d'air produit de l'oxygène 105 contenant au moins 98 mol. % d'oxygène, de l'argon gazeux et/ou liquide et éventuellement des liquides riches en azote ou oxygène ainsi qu'un débit d'azote impur 103 qui peut éventuellement être envoyé à la chambre de combustion 17.The second air separation apparatus produces oxygen 105 containing at least 98 mol. % oxygen, argon gas and / or liquid and possibly nitrogen or oxygen-rich liquids and a flow of impure nitrogen 103 which may optionally be sent to the combustion chamber 17.

Optionnellement une partie de l'oxygène 105 peut être envoyée au gazéifieur 31.Optionally a portion of the oxygen 105 may be sent to the gasifier 31.

Le deuxième appareil 101 est de préférence du type sous pression, donc avec une colonne basse pression dont est soutiré le fluide enrichi en oxygène opérant à au-dessus de 1,5 bara, de préférence au-dessus de 3 bara.The second apparatus 101 is preferably of the pressurized type, and therefore with a low pressure column from which the oxygen enriched fluid is withdrawn operating at above 1.5 bara, preferably above 3 bara.

Le deuxième appareil peut comprendre une colonne d'épuration d'un débit enrichi en argon.The second apparatus may comprise an argon-enriched flow purification column.

De préférence une partie de l'air envoyée au deuxième appareil 101 est détendue dans une turbine Claude avant d'être envoyée à la colonne de distillation d'air opérant à la pression la plus élevée.Preferably a part of the air sent to the second apparatus 101 is expanded in a Claude turbine before being sent to the air distillation column operating at the highest pressure.

De préférence le rapport entre le débit d'air envoyé du compresseur 121 vers l'appareil 101 et le débit d'air (s'il y en a un) envoyé du compresseur 13 vers cet appareil 101 est supérieur au rapport entre le débit d'air envoyé du compresseur 21 vers l'appareil 1 et le débit d'air envoyé du compresseur 13 vers cet appareil 1.Preferably the ratio between the air flow rate from the compressor 121 to the apparatus 101 and the air flow (if any) from the compressor 13 to the apparatus 101 is greater than the ratio of the flow rate air sent from the compressor 21 to the apparatus 1 and the air flow sent from the compressor 13 to this apparatus 1.

Les deux compresseurs 21, 121 sont remplacés par un seul compresseur alimentant les appareils 1, 101.The two compressors 21, 121 are replaced by a single compressor supplying the devices 1, 101.

Dans la Figure 2 un premier compresseur d'air 13 fournit de l'air au premier appareil de séparation d'air 1 et à une première chambre de combustion 17, dont les gaz de combustion alimentent une première turbine de détente 19 qui permet la génération d'électricité.In Figure 2 a first air compressor 13 provides air to the first air separation apparatus 1 and a first combustion chamber 17, the combustion gases of which supply a first expansion turbine 19 which allows the generation of air. electricity.

Un deuxième compresseur d'air 15 fournit de l'air à l'appareil de séparation d'air 1 et à une deuxième chambre de combustion 23, dont les gaz de combustion alimentent une deuxième turbine de détente 25 qui permet la génération d'électricité. Un troisième compresseur d'air 21 fournit de l'air à l'appareil de séparation d'air.A second air compressor 15 supplies air to the air separation apparatus 1 and to a second combustion chamber 23, the combustion gases of which feed a second expansion turbine 25 which allows the generation of electricity. A third air compressor 21 supplies air to the air separation apparatus.

Les moyens pour refroidir l'air de la température de sortie des compresseurs 13, 15 à une température voisine de l'ambiante en amont du premier appareil de séparation d'air 1 et en amont du deuxième appareil de séparation d'air 101 ne sont pas illustrés.The means for cooling the air of the outlet temperature of the compressors 13, 15 to a temperature close to ambient upstream of the first air separation apparatus 1 and upstream of the second air separation apparatus 101 are not not illustrated.

Le gaz résiduaire 3 de l'appareil de séparation 1 peut être envoyé en amont de la première et/ou la deuxième turbine, par exemple à la première et/ou à la deuxième chambre de combustion et/ou à l'entrée de la première et/ou la deuxième turbine.The waste gas 3 of the separation apparatus 1 may be sent upstream of the first and / or the second turbine, for example to the first and / or the second combustion chamber and / or to the inlet of the first and / or the second turbine.

Le gaz sous pression enrichi en oxygène 5 est de préférence envoyé à un ou plusieurs gazéifieurs 31, 131 où il sert à produire du carburant pour au moins une des chambres de combustion 17, 23.The oxygen-enriched gas under pressure is preferably fed to one or more gasifiers 31, 131 where it serves to produce fuel for at least one of the combustion chambers 17, 23.

Les compresseurs 13, 15, 21 peuvent fournir de l'air à des pressions différentes, par exemple différentes d'au moins 0,5 bar les unes des autres. Les débits aux pressions plus élevées peuvent être détendus à la pression plus basse afin d'épurer tous les débits d'air ensemble.The compressors 13, 15, 21 can supply air at different pressures, for example different by at least 0.5 bar from each other. The higher pressure flow rates can be expanded to the lower pressure to purify all air flows together.

Sinon, les débits peuvent être envoyés à des colonnes de l'ASU opérant à des pressions différentes avec une épuration adaptée.Otherwise, the flows can be sent to columns of the ASU operating at different pressures with a suitable purge.

Dans l'installation de la Figure 2 il y a deux appareils de séparation d'air 1, 101, chacun ayant au moins deux colonnes de distillation et chacun ayant éventuellement sa propre boite froide.In the installation of FIG. 2 there are two air separation units 1, 101, each having at least two distillation columns and each possibly having its own cold box.

L'appareil 1 produit les mêmes produits que ceux décrits ci-dessus : l'appareil 101 produit au moins de l'azote résiduaire 103 et du gaz enrichi en oxygène éventuellement sous plusieurs pressions ou au moins sous haute pression.The apparatus 1 produces the same products as those described above: the apparatus 101 produces at least residual nitrogen 103 and oxygen enriched gas optionally under several pressures or at least under high pressure.

L'azote résiduaire 103 peut être envoyé à la première et/ou la deuxième chambre de combustion ou alternativement peut être rejeté à l'atmosphère, utilisé pour la régénération des épuration de premier et/ou deuxième appareils 1, 101 ou utilisé autrement.The waste nitrogen 103 may be sent to the first and / or second combustion chamber or alternatively may be discharged to the atmosphere, used for the regeneration of the first and / or second apparatus 1, 101 or otherwise used.

L'oxygène 105 peut être envoyé à un autre gazéifieur 131, le gazéifier 31 ou un autre emploi, particulièrement si sa pureté est différente de celle de l'oxygène 5. Comme décrit précédemment l'appareil 101 peut fournir principalement ou uniquement de l'oxygène pur à au-dessus de 98 mol % d'oxygène tandis que le premier appareil peut produire uniquement ou principalement de l'oxygène impur à en dessous de 95 mol. % d'oxygène.The oxygen 105 may be sent to another gasifier 131, gasify 31 or another use, particularly if its purity is different from that of the oxygen 5. As previously described the apparatus 101 may provide mainly or solely pure oxygen at above 98 mol% oxygen while the first apparatus can produce solely or mainly impure oxygen at below 95 mol. % oxygen.

L'appareil 101 est alimenté en air à partir d'un compresseur dédié qui envoie de l'air aux deux appareils de séparation d'air et éventuellement à partir d'un compresseur dédié 121 et du compresseur dédié 21 et éventuellement très partiellement à partir du premier compresseur 13 ou du deuxième compresseur 15.The apparatus 101 is supplied with air from a dedicated compressor which sends air to the two air separation units and possibly from a dedicated compressor 121 and the dedicated compressor 21 and possibly very partially from the first compressor 13 or the second compressor 15.

Claims (6)

  1. Integrated air separation process producing an oxygen-enriched fluid and optionally a nitrogen-enriched fluid in a plant comprising at least two air separation units (1, 101), each comprising at least two distillation columns, a first air compressor (13), a first combustion chamber (17) and a first expansion turbine (19), in which process compressed air is delivered to the first air separation unit (1) at least by the first air compressor, which also delivers compressed air to the first combustion chamber, and compressed air is delivered to the second air separation unit (101) at least by an auxiliary compressor (21, 121) which does not feed a combustion chamber but which also feeds the first air separation unit.
  2. Integrated plant comprising a first air separation unit (1), a second air separation unit (101), a first compressor (1), a combustion chamber (17), an expansion turbine (19), an auxiliary compressor (21, 121), means for sending air from the first compressor to the combustion chamber and to the first air separation unit, means for sending air from the auxiliary compressor to the first air separation unit and to the second air separation unit, this auxiliary compressor not feeding a combustion chamber.
  3. Plant according to Claim 2, in which the auxiliary compressor is not connected with a unit which consumes compressed air, apart from the first and second air separation units.
  4. Plant according to Claim 2, in which the first unit does not include a means of producing liquid as final product and/or the second unit does include a means of producing liquid as final product.
  5. Plant according to Claim 2 or 4, in which the first unit does not include an argon production column and/or the second unit does include an argon production column.
  6. Plant according to one of Claims 2, 4 or 5 in which the first unit includes a blowing turbine and/or the second unit includes a Claude turbine and optionally does not include a blowing turbine.
EP03300172A 2001-01-12 2001-12-18 Integrated process for air separation and energy generation and plant for carrying out the process Revoked EP1406052B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

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FR0100403 2001-01-12
FR0100403A FR2819584B1 (en) 2001-01-12 2001-01-12 INTEGRATED AIR SEPARATION AND ENERGY GENERATION PROCESS AND INSTALLATION FOR CARRYING OUT SUCH A PROCESS
EP01403286.6A EP1223395B2 (en) 2001-01-12 2001-12-18 Integrated process for air separation and energy generation

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EP01403286.6A Division EP1223395B2 (en) 2001-01-12 2001-12-18 Integrated process for air separation and energy generation

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EP1406052A2 EP1406052A2 (en) 2004-04-07
EP1406052A3 EP1406052A3 (en) 2005-01-05
EP1406052B1 true EP1406052B1 (en) 2006-07-26

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EP (2) EP1406052B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2002243361A (en)
AT (2) ATE301272T1 (en)
DE (2) DE60121830T2 (en)
ES (2) ES2246301T5 (en)
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DE60112396D1 (en) 2005-09-08
JP2002243361A (en) 2002-08-28
DE60121830D1 (en) 2006-09-07
DE60121830T2 (en) 2007-03-29
DE60112396T2 (en) 2006-06-01
US6550234B2 (en) 2003-04-22
ES2269951T3 (en) 2007-04-01
ES2246301T3 (en) 2006-02-16
EP1223395B1 (en) 2005-08-03
FR2819584A1 (en) 2002-07-19
EP1223395A1 (en) 2002-07-17
EP1223395B2 (en) 2013-05-15
US20020092306A1 (en) 2002-07-18
ATE301272T1 (en) 2005-08-15
EP1406052A2 (en) 2004-04-07
DE60112396T3 (en) 2013-10-10
FR2819584B1 (en) 2003-03-07
EP1406052A3 (en) 2005-01-05
ES2246301T5 (en) 2013-10-08
ATE334365T1 (en) 2006-08-15

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