EP1402181B1 - Device for transporting a free-flowing bulk product to be transported - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a device for transporting a bulk product to be transported. Said device comprises at least one transport piston (24) which moves back and forth by means of hydraulic systems (26), a support tube (30) which axially guides the transport piston on its generated surface (42), a filling chamber (20) which is axially connected to the support tube in the direction of transport and which can be supplied with the product to be transported by means of a supply funnel (12), and a transport cylinder (32) which is axially arranged in the displacement path of the transport piston, and is connected to the filling chamber on the input side and to a discharge tube (14) on the output side. The transport piston enables the supply funnel to access the filling chamber, when said transport piston is in its final position - withdrawn into the support tube (30) - while when it advances, it penetrates the filling chamber, entraining the product to be transported, and enters the transport cylinder. According to the invention, the discharge tube comprises a free outlet (38) for the product to be transported, on the end thereof opposite the transport cylinder. During the transport operation, an air-tight plug is formed in the discharge tube, consisting of a compressed product to be transported, which can be formed by means of a progressive product to be transported and which can be withdrawn by means of its outlet.

Description

The invention relates to a device for conveying flowable or pourable material with at least one preferably with hydraulic means reciprocally displaceable delivery piston, with a delivery piston on its lateral surface axially leading bearing tube, with an axially adjacent to the bearing tube in the conveying direction, via a feed channel or hopper with Fördergut feedable space, and arranged with an axially in the displacement of the delivery piston, the input side connected to the filling and output side connected to a discharge conveyor cylinder, wherein the delivery piston in its retracted into the bearing tube end position the filling space to the feed channel or funnel releases and the Feed penetrates the filling space under entrainment of conveyed and penetrates into the delivery cylinder.

In a known conveying device of this type (EP-B-0 681 672), which is intended for the transport of metal scrap, the delivery piston designed as a plunger cylinder is guided in a sliding guide of the bearing tube. Into the bearing tube in the vicinity of its filling-space-side end also inwardly facing grooves for receiving stripping and enemy seals are screwed. The gap between the bearing tube and the delivery piston is supplied with lubricating oil via lubrication holes via a central lubrication system. The penetrating into the delivery cylinder piston is the inlet side tight against the wall, so that arises at each return stroke vacuum. To ensure that no material is sucked back from the conveyor tube into the filling space during the return stroke, a cross slide is arranged in the conveying tube behind the delivery cylinder, which is closed before each return stroke of the delivery cylinder and opened again before each pressure stroke. A disadvantage is the high susceptibility to wear in the region of the bearing tube considered. In addition, the known conveyor is not readily suitable to promote the conveyed from a standing under pressure filling space in an atmospheric outdoor space, without the risk of pressure breakthrough exists.

The invention has for its object to improve the known device of the type described in that even when maintaining a pressure difference between the filling space and the outside space a slide-free discharge of the conveyed is possible in stationary operation.

To solve this problem, the feature combination specified in claim 1 is proposed. Advantageous embodiments and modifications of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims.

The solution according to the invention is based on the procedural idea that an airtight plug consisting of compacted material is produced in the discharge tube before the outlet opening, at least a portion of the plug at each delivery stroke of the delivery piston through nachrückendes and under plug formation condensing conveyed through the outlet opening in the outside space is displaced. To make this possible, it is proposed according to the invention that the discharge at its end remote from the delivery cylinder has a free discharge opening for the conveyed, that between the inner surface of the delivery cylinder and the lateral surface of the penetrated into this delivery piston a gap for the passage of air between the filling and the tube piece remains free and that in the discharge tube during the conveying operation a nachrückendes by conveyable can be built up and pushed out via its outlet opening, consisting of compressed conveyed existing airtight plug is formed A preferred embodiment of the invention provides that the outlet opening of the discharge tube is formed by a diaphragm with respect to the inner diameter of the discharge tube smaller aperture diameter. The aperture is expediently detachable and / or interchangeable arranged on the discharge pipe.

According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the plug is mechanically divided in the region of the outlet opening at the exit into the outer space. For this purpose, in the region of the outlet opening, a separating member can be arranged for dividing the plug section pushed outwards during the delivery stroke.

At the beginning of a conveying process, when the discharge pipe is still open to the filling space, a Grundpfropfen must first be generated to ensure the stationary conveying operation. To make this possible, it is proposed according to a preferred embodiment of the invention that first conveyed material is compressed in a between the delivery cylinder and discharge tube arranged depressed space with the delivery piston and then that the Grundpfropfen thus formed with the delivery piston with open space by nachrückendes to produce a Grundpfropfens and under Pfropfenbildung condensing conveyed is discharged into the discharge pipe. For this purpose, another, not permeable by the delivery piston pipe section and a pipe section transverse penetrating slide is disposed between the delivery cylinder and the discharge pipe.

In order to improve the efficiency of the conveying device, two delivery cylinders are provided with a subsequent discharge tube, wherein the two in the delivery cylinder penetrating delivery piston can be actuated in push-pull. Between the Förderzylindem and the associated discharge pipe while a pipe section is provided with cross slide. That's it possible to produce the necessary filler plug separately in each discharge pipe. For reasons of space, the two cross slides are expediently arranged in lateral and axial distance from each other.

For the production of Grundpfropfens and for monitoring the delivery operation, it is advantageous if each delivery piston is equipped with a position measuring system with which at any time the stroke of the delivery piston can be measured.

Fig. 1a

eine schaubildliche Darstellung einer Abraum-Austragschleuse für den Einsatz im Tunnelbau;

Fig. 1b und 1c

eine Seitenansicht und eine Draufsicht der Austragschleuse nach Fig. 1a mit auf den Füllraum aufgesetztem Zuführtrichter,

Fig.1d

eine Seitenansicht einer Tunnelbohrmaschine mit Austragsschleuse nach Fig. 1a bis c;

Fig. 2a bis c

zwei um 90 ° gegeneinander versetzte Längsschnitte sowie ein Querschnitt des als Plungerzylinder ausgebildeten Förderkolbens der Austragvorrichtung nach Fig. 1a bis c;

Fig. 3a und b

eine Stimseitenansicht und eine Seitenansicht der füllraumseitigen Dichtkassette des Lagerrohres;

Fig. 3c

einen Schnitt entlang der Schnittlinie A - A der Fig. 3a;

Fig. 4a bis e

ein vergrößertes Detail aus Fig. 3c in verschiedenen Schnittebenen A bis E der Fig. 3a;

Fig. 5a

eine Draufsicht auf den segmentierten Abstreifring der Dichtungslcassette nach Fig. 4a bis e;

Fig. 5b

eine Draufsicht auf eines der Schneidringsegmente nach Fig. 5a;

Fig. 5c

einen Schnitt entlang der Schnittlinie A - A der Fig. 5b;

Fig. 6a und b

eine Seitenansicht und eine Innenansicht eines Segments der Feindichtung nach Fig. 4a bis e;

Fig. 7a bis d

eine Führungsrolle des Lagerrohrs der Austragschleuse nach Fig. 1a bis c in schaubildlicher Darstellung und in drei Seitenansichten.

In the following the invention will be described with reference to a dargestettten in the drawing embodiment schematically. Show it

Fig. 1a

a perspective view of a overburden discharge lock for use in tunneling;

Fig. 1b and 1c

a side view and a top view of the discharge lock according to FIG. 1a with a feed hopper placed on the filling space, FIG.

Fig.1d

a side view of a tunnel boring machine with discharge lock according to Fig. 1a to c;

Fig. 2a to c

two longitudinal sections offset by 90 ° and a cross section of the delivery piston of the discharge device according to FIGS. 1a to c formed as a plunger cylinder;

Fig. 3a and b

an end view and a side view of the filling chamber side sealing cassette of the bearing tube;

Fig. 3c

a section along the section line A - A of Fig. 3a;

Fig. 4a to e

an enlarged detail of Figure 3c in different sectional planes A to E of Fig. 3a.

Fig. 5a

a plan view of the segmented wiper ring of Dichtungslcassette of Fig. 4a to e;

Fig. 5b

a plan view of one of the cutting ring segments of Fig. 5a;

Fig. 5c

a section along the section line A - A of Figure 5b.

Fig. 6a and b

a side view and an inside view of a segment of the enemy seal of Figure 4a to e;

Fig. 7a to d

a guide roller of the bearing tube of the discharge lock according to Fig. 1a to c in perspective view and in three side views.

The discharge lock 8 shown in the drawing is intended for use in tunnel boring machines 1. It has for this purpose an obliquely upwardly directed flange plate 10 and a feed hopper 12, whereby it can be connected to a, equipped with a screw conveyor 2 transport pipe 3 for the costs incurred in the excavation chamber 4 of the tunnel boring machine 1 overburden 5 The generally not pumpable Earthy or rocky overburden 5 is fed under a pressure p> P _atm due to the pressure through a stone crusher 7 and the feed hopper 12 to the discharge lock 8 and discharged via the discharge pipes 14 against atmospheric pressure P _atm for further conveying, for example via a belt conveyor 6. The two arranged in the vicinity of the flange plate 10 hooks 16 serve the assembly and Wartungserieichterung.

The discharge lock 8 has in the embodiment shown two working in push-pull conveyor devices or lock parts 18, which are constructed substantially the same. The two lock parts each contain a filling space 20, which are separated from one another via a dividing wall 22 and can be fed via the common feed hopper 12 with conveyed material. In each lock part there is a designed as a plunger delivery piston 24, which is reciprocated by a hydraulic drive cylinder 26 and herverschiebbar. Each delivery piston 24 is axially behind a support cage 28, a bearing tube 30, one of the filling chambers 20, a delivery cylinder 32, an intermediate tube 34 with transverse slide 36 and one of the discharge pipes 14 assigned. The driven in push-pull delivery piston 24 release in its retracted into the bearing tube 30 end position the filling chamber 20 to the feed hopper and penetrate the feed under entrainment of conveyed from the filling chamber 20 into the respective delivery cylinder 32 a. The conveyed material is in the delivery cylinder 32, in the subsequent intermediate tube 34 and the discharge tube 14 to form a plug so compressed that it comes to an airtight seal between the filling chamber 20 and the outside of the outlet opening 38 of the discharge pipe 14 located outside.

During each delivery stroke, a portion of the plug is displaced outward via the exit opening 38. In the outlet opening 38 are knife-like separating members 40, which zerteüen the exiting plug section and zer break. With each delivery stroke, the plug is renewed by moving compressed material to be conveyed.

At the beginning of a delivery process, if no grafting is present, a plug must first be constructed. For this purpose, the two transverse slide 36 are provided, which are offset from each other for reasons of space in the axial direction. First, the cross slide brought into its closed position. Then conveyed material is pressed with the respective delivery piston 24 with reduced feed force against the engaging in the feed path cross slide 36 innertialb of the intermediate tube 34 and thereby compressed under plug formation. The displacement of the delivery piston 24 is monitored with a connected to the hydraulic drive cylinder 26 measuring system 62, 64. Once a sufficient plug is established, the cross slide 36 are opened and the plugs are moved in the subsequent delivery strokes of the delivery piston 24 in the associated discharge pipe 14 until they reach the outlet opening 38. In order to influence the plug formation depending on the consistency of the conveyed material and to support an existing plug, apertures (not shown) with different opening cross sections can be used in the area of the outlet openings.

To avoid a vacuum formation during retraction of the piston from the cylinder, which could lead to the breaking of the plug, delivery piston 24 and delivery cylinder 32 are sized so that between them a gap for the passage of air between the filling space 20 and intermediate tube 34 remains free. The inner surface of the discharge tube, the intermediate tube and possibly also of the delivery cylinder are equipped with wear strips, which are screwed from the outside through the respective tube wall releasably. The wear strips complement each other in a cross-section.unround, preferably polygonal inner surface.

As can be seen from Figs. 2a to c, the lateral surface 42 of the delivery piston 24 is formed by an elongated hollow cylinder 44, the free end face is closed by an end plate 46 and in which the hydraulic drive cylinder 26 is located. The cylinder portion 48 of the drive cylinder 26 is articulated at its bottom portion 50 via a hinge 52 at the rear end of the support cage 28 and at its rod end via two support rollers 54, which are an angular distance of 90 ° from each other have, supported on the inner surface of the hollow cylinder 44 and guided. The piston rod 56 of the drive cylinder is articulated via a joint 58 on the inside of the batt 46. The joint axes of the joints 52 and 58 are aligned perpendicular to each other and to the direction of displacement of the piston rod 56. The piston rod 56 has an axis-centered cavity 60 into which a fixed at the bottom end of the cylinder part stainless steel tube 62, which protects a waveguide, engages axially. The Wellenleitl & 2 / forms "together with a piston rod permanent magnet 64, the position measuring system, with which the current displacement position of the delivery piston 24 can be measured.

Within the bearing tube 30, the Föderkolben 24 is supported and guided axially. For this purpose, guide rollers 66 are arranged on the outer tube so as to engage with their running surface 68 through wall openings of the bearing tube in the direction of the lateral surface 42 of the delivery piston. The consisting of an elastomeric material, preferably made of high-tensile polyamide guide rollers 66 are each mounted on a bearing block 70. Each bearing block is hinged at one end to a bearing-solid pivot bearing 72 and screwed at its other end with a spring-loaded screw 74 to the bearing tube 30. The running surface 68 of the guide rollers has a complementary to the lateral surface 42 of the delivery piston 24 concave transverse curvature (Fig. 7c). As shown in Fig. 1a to c. can be seen, the guide rollers are arranged in three spaced apart axial positions and in three circumferentially spaced-apart circumferential positions, each circumferential position is equipped with two juxtaposed guide rollers. The delivery piston 24 is dimensioned so that it emerges from the region of the guide rollers 66 located in the rear axial position when entering the delivery cylinder 32.

At its filling chamber end, the bearing tube 30 has a sealing cassette 76, which is floatingly clamped between two O-rings 78, 80 in a recess of the bearing tube end with the aid of a clamping ring 82 and is easily replaceable. The sealing cassette 76 has a metallic annular base body 84 which is provided on the inside with circumferential grooves 86 for receiving a radially adjustable scraper 88 and a radially adjustable sealing direction 90 made of elastomeric material. The circumferential grooves 86 for the scraper 88 and for the direction of the seal 90 are limited by an insert ring 94 arranged in an annular recess 92 of the main body 84. As can be seen from FIGS. 5 a to c, 6 a and b, the wiper 88 and the sealing direction 90 are composed of a plurality of circumferentially divided segments 88 ', 90', which are in each case connected to a radially outer elastomeric ring 96, 98 abut, and indirectly via this with a pressure medium, for example, with fat, can be acted upon. The segments 88 ', 90' of the scraper 88 and the sealing direction 90 have complementary grooves in the circumferential direction for receiving a closed elastomeric retaining ring 104, 106 and are supported in the region of the retaining ring against the associated radially outer sealing ring 96, 98. In order to ensure that the segments 88 'of the stripper 88 do not rotate in the circumferential direction, they are fixed in the circumferential direction by means of pins 130 inserted into the insert ring 94 via the open-edged recesses 132 in the segments 88' (see FIGS and FIGS. 4a and d). In Fig. 6b, it can be seen that the sealant segments 90 'have circumferentially overlapping steps 120. In addition, the sealant segments 90 'are composed of two elastomeric segment parts 90 ", 90"' of different hardness. The circumferential grooves 86 for the Abstreifsegmente 88 'and the enemy non-segments 90' can be acted upon by channels 108, 110 in the body independently of each other with pressure medium. For this purpose, the insert ring with annular channels for the pressure medium supply limiting, to an annular surface 116 of the body towards the edge-open circumferential grooves 112, 114th Mistake. The circumferential grooves 112, 114 are sealed against each other and outwardly by sealing rings 118 arranged in adjacent circumferential grooves.

Another channel 122 serves to supply a lubricating or rinsing agent. On its inner surface, the main body further circumferential grooves for receiving a Nutrings 124 and an elastomeric guide strip 126.

The sealing cassettes 76 can be prefabricated and replaced as a whole. In order to keep the segmented scraper 88 and the enemy seals 90 and the U-rings 124 and guide strips 126 in their prefabricated state in position, a mounting tube 128 is provided which is pushed in the course of assembly when sliding the seal cassette 76 on the delivery piston 24 from the seal cassette.

In summary, the following should be noted: The invention relates to a device for conveying flowable and pourable conveyed material. It has at least one preferably by hydraulic means 26 reciprocally displaceable delivery piston 24, a delivery piston 24 on its lateral surface 42 axially leading bearing tube 30, an axially adjacent to the bearing tube in the conveying direction, feedable via a feed hopper 12 with material to be conveyed 20 and an axial arranged in the displacement path of the delivery piston 24, on the input side to the filling space 20 and the output side connected to a discharge pipe 14 conveyor cylinder 32. The delivery piston 24 releases in its retracted into the bearing tube 30 end position the filling chamber 20 to the feed hopper 12, while it penetrates the feed space 20 with the entrainment of conveyed material and penetrates into the delivery cylinder 32. In order to be able to maintain a pressure difference between the filling space 20 and the outside space by simple means, it is proposed according to the invention that the discharge pipe 14 at its end facing away from the delivery cylinder 32 has a free Austrittsöff opening 38 for the conveyed, that between the inner surface of the delivery cylinder 32 and the lateral surface 42 of the penetrated in this delivery piston 24 a gap for the passage of air between the filling chamber 20 and the discharge tube 14 remains free and that in the discharge pipe 14 during the conveying operation a nachgießarer by nachrückendes conveyed and ausschaubarer via its outlet opening 38, consisting of compressed conveyed existing airtight plug is formed.

Claims (15)

1. Device for conveying free-flowing or pourable material to be conveyed, said device having at least one conveyer piston (24) which can be displaced to and fro, preferably by hydraulic means; a bearing tube (30) which guides said conveyer piston (24) axially at the latter's superficies (42); a filling chamber (20) which adjoins the bearing tube (30) axially in the direction of conveyance and can be charged, via an infeed duct or infeed hopper (12), with material to be conveyed; and a conveyer cylinder (32) which is disposed axially in the path of displacement of the conveyer piston (24) and is connected, on the input side, to the filling chamber (20) and, on the output side, to a discharge tube (14), wherein the conveyer piston (24), in its end position in which it is drawn back into the bearing tube (30), unblocks the filling chamber (20) towards the infeed duct or infeed hopper (12) and, on advancing, passes through the filling chamber (20), entraining material to be conveyed as it does so, and passes into the conveyer cylinder (32),
   characterised in that the discharge tube (14) has, at its end that faces away from the conveyer cylinder (32), a free discharging aperture (38) for the material to be conveyed; that a cleft space for the passage of air between the filling chamber (20) and the discharge tube (14) is left free between the inner surface of the conveyer cylinder (32) and the superficies (42) of the conveyer piston (24) which has passed into said cylinder; and that there can be constructed in the discharge tube (14), when the conveying operation occurs, an airtight plug consisting of compacted material to be conveyed, which plug can be built up by moving-up material to be conveyed and can be pushed out via the outlet aperture (38) of said discharge tube.
2. Device according to Claim 1,
   characterised in that the outlet aperture (38) of the discharge tube (14) is formed by a screen.having a screening diameter which is smaller than the internal diameter of the discharge tube.
3. Device according to Claim 2,
   characterised in that the screen is disposed on the discharge tube (14) in a detachable and/or replaceable manner.
4. Device according to one of Claims 1 to 3,
   characterised in that replaceable wear strips are disposed on the inner surface of the discharge tube (14) and/or of the conveyer cylinder (32).
5. Device according to Claim 4,
   characterised in that the wear strips are fastened to the conveyer cylinder (32) and/or the discharge tube (14) by screws that pass through the wall of the tube.
6. Device according to Claim 4 or 5,
   characterised in that the wear strips complement one another to form an inner surface which is non-circular, and preferably polygonal, in cross-section.
7. Device according to one of Claims 1 to 6,
   characterised in that there are disposed, between the conveyer cylinder (32) and the discharge tube (14), another length of tube (34) through which the conveyer piston (24) cannot pass, and also a slide (36) which passes transversely through said length of tube (34).
8. Device according to one of Claims 1 to 7,
   characterised in that two conveyer cylinders (32) with an adjoining discharge tube (14) are provided.
9. Device according to Claim 8,
   characterised in that a length of tube (34) with a cross slide (36) is provided between the conveyer cylinders (32) and the appertaining discharge tube (14) in each case.
10. Device according to Claim 9,
    characterised in that the two cross slides (36) are disposed at a lateral and axial distance from one another.
11. Device according to one of Claims 7 to 10,
    characterised in that replaceable wear strips are provided, which are disposed on the inner surface of the length of tube (34) in a manner distributed over the periphery and which preferably complement one another to form a polygonal inner surface.
12. Device according to one of Claims 1 to 11,
    characterised in that a separating component (40) for dividing up that part of the plug which is forced towards the outside when the conveying stroke occurs, is disposed in the region of the outlet aperture (38).
13. Method of transferring free-flowing and pourable material to be conveyed, out of a pressure chamber (20), in which method a conveyer piston (24) passes through said pressure chamber (20), entraining material to be conveyed as it does so, and into a conveyer cylinder (32) and displaces the material to be conveyed through a discharge tube (14) and into an outer chamber via an outlet aperture (38),
    characterised in that an airtight plug consisting of compacted material to be conveyed is produced in the discharge tube (14) upstream of the outlet aperture (38), at least part of said plug being displaced into the outer chamber via the outlet aperture (38), when each conveying stroke of the conveyer piston (24) occurs, by material to be conveyed which moves up and is compacted, thereby forming a plug.
14. Method according to Claim 13,
    characterised in that the plug is divided mechanically in the region of the outlet aperture (38) on emerging into the outer chamber.
15. Method according to Claim 13 or 14,
    characterised in that material to be conveyed is first of all compacted by means of the conveyer piston (24) in a valved-off intervening space (34) disposed between the conveyer cylinder (32) and the discharge tube (14), in order to produce a basic plug, and that the basic plug thus formed is then pushed out into the discharge tube (14) by means of the conveyer cylinder (32), when the intervening space (34) is open, by material to be conveyed which moves up and is compacted, thereby forming a plug.

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