JP2004533385A - Apparatus for transporting flowable or bulk material - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a device for transporting a bulk product to be transported. Said device comprises at least one transport piston (24) which moves back and forth by means of hydraulic systems (26), a support tube (30) which axially guides the transport piston on its generated surface (42), a filling chamber (20) which is axially connected to the support tube in the direction of transport and which can be supplied with the product to be transported by means of a supply funnel (12), and a transport cylinder (32) which is axially arranged in the displacement path of the transport piston, and is connected to the filling chamber on the input side and to a discharge tube (14) on the output side. The transport piston enables the supply funnel to access the filling chamber, when said transport piston is in its final position - withdrawn into the support tube (30) - while when it advances, it penetrates the filling chamber, entraining the product to be transported, and enters the transport cylinder. According to the invention, the discharge tube comprises a free outlet (38) for the product to be transported, on the end thereof opposite the transport cylinder. During the transport operation, an air-tight plug is formed in the discharge tube, consisting of a compressed product to be transported, which can be formed by means of a progressive product to be transported and which can be withdrawn by means of its outlet.

Description

【Technical field】
[0001]
The invention relates to at least one transport piston which can be reciprocated, preferably by hydraulic means, a support tube which guides the transport piston axially on its side, and an axial direction relative to the support tube in the transport direction. A filling space that can connect and supply a conveyed object via a supply pipe or a supply hopper, and is arranged in the movement path of the conveying piston in the axial direction, the inlet side is connected to the filling space, and the outlet side is connected to the discharge pipe. A transfer cylinder connected thereto, wherein the transfer piston opens the filling space to the supply pipe or the supply hopper at the terminal position retracted into the support tube, and penetrates the filling space while entraining the conveyed material during forward movement. TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a device for transporting a fluid transported material or a bulk material transported so as to enter a transport cylinder.
[Background Art]
[0002]
2. Description of the Related Art A transfer device of this type (Patent Document 1) for transferring metal scrap is known. In this transfer device, a transfer piston configured as a plunger cylinder is guided by a sliding guide of a support pipe. The support tube has an inwardly-turned groove near the end on the filling space side for receiving the scraper packing ring and the fine packing ring. Lubricating oil is supplied to the gap space between the support pipe and the transfer piston through a lubrication hole by a central lubrication device. Since the piston entering the transfer cylinder is close to the transfer cylinder wall on the inlet side, a vacuum is generated at each return stroke. In order to prevent the material from flowing back from the transport tube into the filling space during the return stroke, a lateral moving body is arranged in the transport tube behind the transport cylinder. The transverse body is closed before each return step of the transport cylinder and reopened before each compression step. A disadvantage of this arrangement is that wear is very likely in the region of the support tube. Furthermore, this known conveying device is not suitable for conveying a conveyed material from a pressurized filling space to an external space at atmospheric pressure, and there is a risk of pressure breakdown.
[0003]
[Patent Document 1]
European Patent No. 0681672B [Disclosure of the Invention]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
[0004]
The object of the present invention is to improve a known conveying device of the kind mentioned at the outset, to maintain a pressure difference between the filling space and the external space and to be able to carry out the goods without moving bodies in a steady operation. It is.
[Means for Solving the Problems]
[0005]
In order to solve this problem, a combination of components described in claim 1 is proposed. Advantageous and other features of the invention are evident from the dependent claims.
[0006]
The solution according to the invention departs from a method concept, i.e., in the discharge pipe in front of the outlet opening, a hermetic plug of compressed conveying material is formed, at least during each conveying stroke of the conveying piston. A part starts with the idea of being discharged via an outlet opening into the external space by a subsequent conveyed material that forms a plug. To make this possible, according to the invention, the discharge tube has a free exit opening for the goods at the end opposite to the conveyance cylinder, the inner surface of the conveyance cylinder and the inside of the conveyance cylinder. Between the filling space and the discharge pipe between the side of the transfer piston that has entered the pipe, and a clearance space for allowing air to flow between the filling pipe and the discharge pipe. It is proposed that a plug, which can be pushed out through the opening and which is made of compressed material, be hermetically sealed in the discharge tube.
[0007]
According to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the outlet opening of the outlet tube is formed by a throttle having a smaller diameter than the inner diameter of the outlet tube. In this case, it is expedient if the throttle is detachably and / or interchangeably arranged on the discharge tube.
[0008]
According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the plug is mechanically interrupted in the area of the outlet opening when it exits into the external space. For this purpose, a cutting mechanism may be arranged in the area of the outlet opening for separating the batch plugs which are discharged in a batch manner outward during the transport process.
[0009]
If the discharge tube is still open to the filling space at the start of the transfer process, a base plug must first be generated in order to ensure a steady transfer operation. To make this possible, according to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, in order to produce a base plug, the conveyed goods must first be placed in an intermediate space, which is arranged between the conveying cylinder and the discharge pipe, closed by a valve. The base plug thus formed is then compressed by means of a conveying piston and then pushed into the discharge tube by a subsequent conveyed material which is compressed to form a plug. For this purpose, between the transfer cylinder and the unloading tube, another tube part through which the transfer piston cannot penetrate and a moving body penetrating the tube portion in the lateral direction are arranged.
[0010]
In order to improve the work efficiency of the transfer device, two transfer cylinders connected to a discharge pipe are provided. In this case, the two transfer pistons that enter the transfer cylinder can be operated by a push-pull method. One pipe section is arranged between the transport cylinder and the associated discharge pipe together with the lateral moving body. Thereby, it is possible to generate necessary stoppers for the transported objects independently of each other in the respective discharge pipes. For space reasons, it is expedient for the two laterally movable bodies to be arranged laterally and axially apart from one another.
[0011]
To generate the base plug and to monitor the transfer operation, each transfer piston is advantageously provided with a distance measuring system, whereby the stroke of the transfer piston can be measured at any time.
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
[0012]
Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The lock-type discharge gate 8 shown in the drawing is for use in the tunnel excavator 1. For this reason, the carry-out gate 8 has a flange plate 10 directed obliquely upward and a supply hopper 12. Thereby, the discharge gate 8 can be connected to the transfer pipe 3 provided with the transfer screw 2 for transferring the excavated object 5 falling into the excavation room 7 of the tunnel machine 1. The excavated material 5 containing soil or rock which cannot be normally sucked is supplied to the discharge gate 8 via the crusher 7 and the supply hopper 12 at a pressure p> p _atmospheric pressure which is increasing by the ground pressure, It is carried out of the carry-out gate 8 through the carry-out tube 14 against the _atmospheric pressure p and is further conveyed through, for example, the belt conveyor 6. Two hooks 16 located near the flange plate 10 are used to facilitate installation and maintenance.
[0013]
In the case of the embodiment shown, the unloading gate 8 has two conveying devices or lock-type gate sections 18 operating in a push-pull manner. These transfer devices or gate portions 18 are substantially identical. Both gate portions each have a filling space 20. The filling space 20 is separated from each other via a partition wall 22, and can supply a conveyed object via a common supply hopper 12. Each gate section 18 is provided with a transport piston 24 configured as a plunger. The transfer piston 24 can reciprocate via a hydraulic drive cylinder 26. Each of the transport pistons 24 includes, in the axial direction, a support cage 28, a support pipe 30, one of the filling spaces 20, a transport cylinder 32, and an intermediate pipe 34 provided with one of the lateral moving body 36 and the discharge pipe 14. Is attached. The transfer piston 24, which can be driven by the push-pull method, opens the filling space 20 to the supply hopper at the terminal position of the drawing that is drawn into the support tube 30. Into the transfer cylinder 32. The conveyed material is compressed in the conveying cylinder 32 and subsequently in the intermediate pipe 34 and the discharge pipe 14 to form a plug, so that the filling space 20 and the external space outside the outlet opening 38 of the discharge pipe 14 are connected. The space is tightly sealed.
[0014]
A part of the stopper is discharged to the outside through the outlet opening 38 at each transfer stroke. A cutter-like cutting mechanism 40 is provided in the outlet opening 38, and the cutting mechanism 40 divides and breaks a part of the plug that comes out. At each transport stroke, the plug replaces the subsequent compressed transport.
[0015]
At the start of the transport process, if the stopper is not already present, the stopper must first be made. For this purpose, a lateral moving body 36 is provided. These lateral moving bodies 36 are arranged offset from each other in the axial direction for reasons of space. First, the lateral moving body 36 is positioned at the closed position. Next, the conveyed object is pressed in the intermediate pipe against the lateral moving body 36 engaged in the feeding path by using the respective conveying pistons 24 having reduced feeding force, and the conveyed object is compressed. Form a stopper. The travel distance of the transport piston 24 is monitored by distance measuring systems 62, 64 which are connected to the hydraulic drive cylinder 26. When sufficient stoppers have been made, the lateral mover 36 is opened and the stopper is moved into the associated outlet tube 14 at the next transfer stroke of the transfer piston 24 so as to reach the outlet opening 38. In the area of the outlet opening 38, a plurality of throttles with different opening cross-sections are provided in order to control the formation of the plug according to the consistency of the conveyed product and to support the existing plug. (Not shown) may be provided.
[0016]
The size of the transfer piston 24 and the transfer cylinder 32 allows air to flow between the filling space 20 and the intermediate tube 34 so that a vacuum is not formed when the transfer piston is withdrawn from the cylinder and the plug is not broken. Is selected so that a clearance space remains. The inner surface of the carry-out tube, the inner surface of the intermediate tube and, if appropriate, the inner surface of the transport cylinder are provided with wear plates, which are detachably screwed from the outside through the respective tube walls. These wear plates complement each other and form a non-circular, preferably polygonal, inner surface in cross section.
[0017]
As can be seen from FIGS. 2a to 2c, the side surface 42 of the transfer piston 24 is formed by an elongated hollow cylinder 44, the free end face of which is closed by an end plate 46, in which the hydraulic drive cylinder 26 is located. Is provided. The cylinder portion 48 of the drive cylinder 26 has its bottom portion 50 pivotally connected to the rear end of the support cage 28 via a pivot portion 52, and has its piston rod 56-side end having an angular spacing of 90 ° from each other. It is supported and guided by the inner surface of the hollow cylinder 44 via two supporting rollers 54. The piston rod 56 of the drive cylinder 26 is pivotally connected to the inner surface of the end plate 46 via a pivot 58. The pivot axis of the pivot section 52 and the pivot axis of the pivot section 58 are perpendicular to each other and point in the direction of movement of the piston rod 56. The piston rod 56 has a concentric hollow space 60 into which a special steel pipe 62 fixed to the bottom end of the cylindrical portion and protecting the waveguide is engaged. The waveguide 62 forms a distance measuring system with a permanent magnet 64 fixed to the piston rod 56, with which the current displacement position of the transport piston 24 can be measured.
[0018]
The transport piston 24 is supported and guided concentrically inside the support tube 30. For this purpose, a guide roller 66 is arranged on the outer surface of the support tube 30, and its rotating surface 68 penetrates the wall hole of the support tube 30 in the direction of the side surface 42 of the transport piston 24. Guide rollers 66, which are made of an elastomeric material, preferably heavy-duty polyamide, are each supported on a support 70. One end of each support base 70 is pivotally attached to a rotation bearing 72 fixed to the support tube, and the other end is screwed to the support tube 30 by a screw 74 supported by a spring. The rotation surface 68 of the guide roller has a concave lateral curved portion complementary to the side surface 42 of the transport piston 24 (FIG. 7C). As can be seen from FIGS. 1a to 1c, the guide rollers 66 are arranged at three axial positions spaced from one another and at three circumferential positions spaced from one another in the circumferential direction. In this case, each circumferential position comprises two guide rollers which are respectively juxtaposed to one another. The size of the transport piston 24 is selected so as to exit the area of the guide roller 66 at the rear axial position when entering the transport cylinder 32.
[0019]
The support tube 30 has a packing cassette 76 at the end on the filling space side. The packing cassette 76 is fastened and fixed in a floating state by a fastening ring 82 between two O-rings 78 and 80 provided in a concave portion at the end of the support tube, and is easily replaceable. The packing cassette 76 has a metal ring-shaped main body 84 having a circumferential groove 86 on its inner surface for receiving a radially adjustable scraper 88 and a radially adjustable elastomeric body 84. And a fine packing 90 made of a material. A circumferential groove 86 for the scraper 88 and the fine packing 90 is defined by an insertion ring 94 arranged in a ring-shaped recess 92 of the main body 84. As can be seen from FIGS. 5a to 5c, 6a and 6b, the scraper 88 and the fine packing 90 are assembled from a plurality of circumferentially distributed segments 88 ', 90', each of which is Assembled from radially outer elastomeric rings 96,98. The scraper 88 and the fine packing 90 can be urged by a pressure agent, for example, oil or fat, through the elastomer rings 96 and 98. The segments 88 ′, 90 ′ of the scraper 88 and the fine packing 90 have circumferentially complementary grooves for receiving the closed elastomer retaining rings 104, 106, in the region of which retaining rings 104, 106, It is supported by attached packing rings 96 and 98 located radially outward. In order to prevent the segment 88 'of the scraper 88 from rotating in the circumferential direction, the segment 88' is formed by using a pin 130 which is inserted into the insertion ring 94 through a concave portion 132 of the edge opening provided in the segment 88 '. It is fixed in the circumferential direction (see FIGS. 5a to 5c and FIGS. 4a and 4d). As can be seen from FIG. 6 b, the fine packing 90 ′ has steps 120 which overlap one another in the circumferential direction. Furthermore, the fine packing 90 'is assembled from two elastomeric segments 90 ", 90"' of different hardness. The circumferential groove 86 for the scraper segment 88 ′ and the fine packing 90 ′ can be urged by a pressure agent independently of each other via conduits 108 and 110 provided in the main body. For this purpose, the insert ring also has circumferential grooves 112, 114 which define an annular conduit for the supply of the pressure agent and open at the edges towards the annular surface 116 of the body. The circumferential grooves 112 and 114 are sealed from each other by a packing ring 118 disposed in an adjacent circumferential groove, and are sealed to the outside.
[0020]
Another line 122 is used to supply lubricant or cleaning agent. The body has another circumferential groove on its inner surface which is used to receive the groove ring 124 and the elastomeric guide belt 126.
[0021]
The packing cassette 76 can be manufactured in advance, and the whole can be replaced. A mounting tube 128 is provided to hold the segmented scraper 88 and fine packing 90, and the groove ring 124 and guide belt 126 in their pre-manufactured state. The mounting tube 128 is slid and removed from the packing cassette after the packing cassette 76 is slid and mounted on the transport piston 24.
[0022]
The above is summarized as follows. The present invention relates to an apparatus for conveying a flowable or bulk material. The device comprises at least one transport piston 24, which can be reciprocated, preferably by hydraulic means, a support tube 30 for guiding the transport piston 24 axially on its side surface 42, and a support tube 30 in the transport direction. And a filling space 20 that is connected in the axial direction and can supply the conveyed material via the supply pipe or the supply hopper 12, and is disposed in the movement path of the conveying piston 24 in the axial direction, and the inlet side is connected to the filling space 20. A transfer cylinder 32 connected to the discharge pipe 14 at the outlet side. The transfer piston 24 opens the filling space 20 to the supply pipe or the supply hopper at the terminal position retracted into the support tube 30, and penetrates the filling space 20 while entraining the conveyed material at the time of forward movement, and conveys the transfer cylinder 32. Invade inside. According to the present invention, the discharge pipe 14 is provided at the end opposite to the transfer cylinder 32 so that the pressure difference between the filling space 20 and the external space can be maintained by simple means. Air between the filling space 20 and the discharge pipe 14 between the inner surface of the transfer cylinder 32 and the side surface 42 of the transfer piston 24 which has entered the transfer cylinder. That there is a gap space for the transfer to be carried out, and for the transfer operation to be carried out by means of a plug which can be formed by a subsequent transfer and which can be pushed out through the outlet opening 38 of the transfer pipe 14 and which comprises an airtight seal comprising a compressed transfer. It is proposed that a plug is formed in the discharge tube 14.
[Brief description of the drawings]
[0023]
FIG. 1a is a schematic view of a lock-type excavated product exit gate for use at a tunnel construction site.
1b-1c are a side view and a plan view of the lock-type discharge gate of FIG. 1a with a supply hopper attached to the filling space.
1d is a side view of a tunnel drill having the lock-type gate of FIGS. 1a to 1c.
FIGS. 2a to 2c show two longitudinal and transverse sections, respectively, of the conveying piston configured as a plunger cylinder in FIGS. 1a to 1c, offset by 90 °;
3a and 3b are an end view and a side view of a packing cassette on a filling space side of a support tube.
FIG. 3c is a sectional view taken along section line AA of FIG. 3a.
4a-4e are enlarged views of FIG. 3c according to sections A through E of FIG. 3a.
FIG. 5a is a plan view of a segmented scraper ring of the packing cassette of FIGS. 4a-4e.
FIG. 5b is a plan view of the cutting ring segment of FIG. 5a.
FIG. 5c is a sectional view taken along section line AA of FIG. 5b.
6a-6b are side and inner views of one segment of the fine packing of FIGS. 4a-4e.
7a to 7d are an external view and three side views of a guide roller of a support pipe of the lock-type discharge gate of FIGS. 1a to 1c.

Claims (15)

At least one transport piston (24), preferably reciprocable by hydraulic means, a support tube (30) for guiding the transport piston (24) axially on its side (42), and in the transport direction A filling space (20) axially connected to the support pipe (30) and capable of supplying a conveyed object via a supply pipe or a supply hopper (12), and a movement path of a conveying piston (24) in the axial direction. And a transfer cylinder (32) having an inlet side connected to the filling space (20) and an outlet side connected to the discharge pipe (14), and the transfer piston (24) is provided with a support pipe (30). The filling space (20) is opened to the supply line or the supply hopper at the terminal position drawn into the inside and penetrates the filling space (20) into the transfer cylinder (32) while entraining the conveyed material during forward movement. Invasion Has a configuration which, in the device for transporting flowable conveyed or bulk material like conveyed,
The discharge pipe (14) has a free outlet opening (38) for a conveyed article at the end opposite to the convey cylinder (32). There is a clearance space between the filling space (20) and the discharge pipe (14) between the filling space (20) and the discharge pipe (14) between the penetrating conveyance piston (24) and the side surface (42). A plug, which can be formed by a conveyed article and which can be pushed out through an outlet opening (38) of the conveying pipe (14) and which is hermetically formed of compressed conveyed articles, is formed in the discharge pipe (14). An apparatus characterized in that: 2. The device according to claim 1, wherein the outlet opening of the discharge pipe is formed by a restriction having a diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the discharge pipe. 3. The device according to claim 2, wherein the throttle is detachably and / or interchangeably arranged on the outlet tube. 4. The device according to claim 1, wherein an exchangeable closing plate is arranged on the inner surface of the discharge tube and / or the transfer cylinder. 5. The device according to claim 4, wherein the closing plate is fixed to the transport cylinder (32) and / or the discharge tube (14) by a screw penetrating from outside through the tube wall. 6. The device according to claim 4, wherein the closing plate is supplemented by a non-circular, preferably polygonal inner surface in cross section. Between the transfer cylinder (32) and the discharge pipe (14), another pipe part (34) through which the transfer piston (14) cannot penetrate, and penetrates the pipe part (34) laterally. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a mobile body (36) is arranged. 8. The device according to claim 1, wherein two conveying cylinders (32) to which the discharge pipe (14) is connected are provided. 9. The device according to claim 8, wherein one pipe section is arranged between the transport cylinder and the associated discharge pipe together with the transverse body. . Device according to claim 9, characterized in that the two lateral movements (36) are spaced laterally and axially from one another. 11. The inner surface of the tube section (34) is provided with a replaceable closing plate which is arranged circumferentially and which is preferably supplemented by the inner surface of the polygon. The apparatus according to any one of the above. 12. The cutting mechanism according to claim 1, wherein a cutting mechanism is arranged in the area of the outlet opening for separating batch plugs that are discharged in a batchwise manner during the transport process. An apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims. A method in which a flowable or bulk material is carried out from the pressure chamber (20) by a lock method, wherein a conveyance piston (32) entrains the material and penetrates through the pressure chamber (20) to transfer a cylinder ( 32), wherein the conveyed material penetrates the discharge pipe (14) and is discharged to the external space through the outlet opening (38). Within (14), an airtight plug of compressed carrier material is formed, and at least a portion of the plug is conveyed during each transport stroke of the transport piston (32) by a subsequent transport that compresses to form the plug. A method characterized by discharging to an external space through an opening (38). 14. The method according to claim 13, characterized in that the plug is mechanically cut off in the area of the outlet opening (38) when exiting into the external space. To produce the base plug, the conveyed goods are firstly transferred by the conveying piston (32) in an intermediate space (34), which is arranged between the conveying cylinder (32) and the discharge pipe (14) and closed by a valve. 15. The method according to claim 13 or 14, characterized in that the base plug thus formed is extruded into a discharge tube (14) by a subsequent conveyer which forms the plug by compression. The described method.

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