EP1400287A1 - Apparatus for hardening UV-photocurable coatings - Google Patents

Apparatus for hardening UV-photocurable coatings Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1400287A1
EP1400287A1 EP03020307A EP03020307A EP1400287A1 EP 1400287 A1 EP1400287 A1 EP 1400287A1 EP 03020307 A EP03020307 A EP 03020307A EP 03020307 A EP03020307 A EP 03020307A EP 1400287 A1 EP1400287 A1 EP 1400287A1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
radiation
irradiation
radiation sources
module
illuminance
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EP03020307A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1400287B1 (en
Inventor
Reiner Dr. Mehnert
Axel Sobottka
Herbert Lange
Hartmut Krannich
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Cetelon Lackfabrik GmbH
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Cetelon Lackfabrik Walter Stier GmbH and Co KG
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05D3/00—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
    • B05D3/06—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by exposure to radiation
    • B05D3/061—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by exposure to radiation using U.V.
    • B05D3/065—After-treatment
    • B05D3/067—Curing or cross-linking the coating

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device for curing radiation-curable coatings which has at least one radiation chamber provided with a plurality of UV radiation sources has, in particular of flat or three-dimensional provided with such coatings Substrates.
  • the curing of radiation-curable coatings by high-energy UV radiation is known, for example using medium-pressure mercury lamps or UV excimer lamps (R. Mehnert et al., UV ⁇ t EB Technology and Application, SITA Valley, London 1998).
  • the specific electrical power of these lamps is typically between 50 and 240 W per cm of lamp length. With a lamp length of 1 m, the electrical power converted is between 5 and 24 kW.
  • These high-performance emitters are primarily used for the curing of coatings on flat substrates. Typical illuminance levels of 100 to 1000 mW / cm 2 are measured on the layer to be cured. This makes it possible to achieve curing times of 100ms and less.
  • Such a system is known, for example, from DE 24 25 217 A1.
  • a generic device is also, for example, from WO 96/34700 A1 and FR 2 230 831 A1 known.
  • UV lamps Because of the biological effects of UV rays, there are extensive shielding and others Protective measures are required if these UV lamps are used. For curing coatings on three-dimensional objects such. For example, individual UV lamps in closed form Appropriate rooms that adequate radiation protection can be granted. A sufficiently homogeneous irradiation of the coatings to be hardened on three-dimensional substrates however, is practically impossible. The energy expenditure for hardening is therefore through the effort required for the hardening of layer areas determined only by obliquely incident Radiation or scattered radiation can be achieved.
  • the object of the present invention is therefore to provide a generic device to provide suitable for the treatment of both flat and three-dimensional substrates is in which the energy expenditure is reduced and in the case of complex radiation and heat protection measures can be dispensed with.
  • the solution is that several UV radiation sources are arranged close together and are connected together to form one or more radiation modules, the illuminance within an irradiation module and / or between at least two irradiation modules is spatially variable.
  • the device consists of geometrically suitable arrangements is built up by several radiation sources lying close together. Any of these arrangements is called an irradiation module.
  • a radiation module a flat area is used here Arrangement of radiation sources arranged close to each other (e.g. with a common electrical supply) understood.
  • the enveloping area of the radiation sources each Module can be flat or curved.
  • Irradiation modules can be built up, the light focus into a selected, even curved, radiation plane and a geometrically extensive one enable homogeneous irradiation of the substrate surfaces.
  • the structure is thus such that inside the radiation chamber in which the radiation-curable Coatings are cured, a spatially variable illuminance is set is that the coating to be hardened is hardened homogeneously, without a disturbing Heat is introduced into the coating and / or substrate.
  • the variation can be done by setting the enveloping surfaces of the radiation sources of a single module and on the other hand due to the spatial arrangement of the radiation modules in the device, a large number of geometric arrangements can be implemented. Due to the modular structure the device can thus be adapted to the geometry of the substrate to be treated, so that the energy expenditure is reduced. This also has the consequence that biological radiation protection is simplified, i.e. can be limited, for example, to measures such as those for use of tanning lamps apply.
  • lamps preferably fluorescent tubes, of low electrical power, from about 0.1 to 10 W per cm of radiator length, which, for example, has a continuous emission spectrum between 200 and 450 nm, preferably between 300 and 450 nm. Because the heat is lower than with high-performance UV lamps, it is sufficient to have their surface, for example to cool an air stream.
  • Such lamps are known per se and are used, for example, as tanning lamps in solariums. With a specific power of, for example, 1 W per cm of lamp length and the resulting As such, these lamps are low illuminance per se and not for technical purposes Applications suitable for curing radiation-curable coatings.
  • Such lamps which are typically provided with reflectors with beam angles of, for example, approx. 160 °, in which Usually have standardized dimensions (diameter of the tubes approx. 25 to 45 cm, light length up to approx. 200 cm) and operated at an operating voltage of 220 V are very good suitable as radiation sources for the aforementioned radiation modules. This applies in particular the reflectors, which simplify focusing in the desired radiation level. Advantageous is also their high photon yield of approx. 30% of the electrical power.
  • illuminance levels typically about 20 mW / cm 2 are achieved, for example, at a distance of 10 cm from the radiation source. Although these illuminance levels are 5 to 50 times smaller than those achievable with conventional UV lamps, they are sufficient to cure coatings at irradiation times of approximately 30 to 300 s.
  • At least one radiation module at least one of its three spatial axes is movably arranged in the device. This makes it easier the geometric adaptation to the substrate and the focusing of the beams in the desired Irradiation plane.
  • Illuminance levels through the interconnection of suitable radiation sources to form radiation modules are achieved, in particular then for the curing of the radiation-curing Coating sufficient if hardening under an inert protective gas such as nitrogen he follows.
  • an inert protective gas such as nitrogen he follows.
  • the implementation of radiation curing under protective gas is known per se and, for example, in DE 199 57 900 A1, EP 540 884 A1 and in the publications mentioned above.
  • the structure of the radiation module 10 according to the invention is exemplarily based on that in the figures 1 and 2 shown embodiment.
  • the components are on a base plate 11, assembled.
  • the base plate 11 is preferably made of a metal such as aluminum or Steel or a metal alloy and has on the back the necessary electrical Connections 13 and possibly a bracket 12.
  • devices for installing the Irradiation module 10 in irradiation systems and devices for moving the irradiation module 10 may be provided.
  • the starter and connections for are also on the base plate UV radiation sources 18 mounted.
  • Cross-flow fans for example, are suitable for this purpose.
  • a frame 14 is also provided, within which the Ventilation 16 and the UV radiation sources 18 are installed.
  • Suitable UV radiation sources 18 are, for example, fluorescent tubes as are used as tanning lamps in solariums.
  • fluorescent tubes generally have standardized dimensions, for example a light length of 2 m with a diameter of 25 to 45 cm. They can also be provided with reflectors, which have a radiation angle of approximately 160 °, for example.
  • These fluorescent tubes are used in one Operating voltage of 220 V.
  • the frame 14 with the ventilation 16 and the UV radiation sources 18 is airtight on three sides from a UV-permeable plate 15, for example made of plastic, such as polymethyl methacrylate or Polycarbonate, enclosed.
  • the surface of the plate 15 forms the front of the radiation module 10, as illustrated by the arrow A symbolizing the direction of radiation.
  • One or more radiation modules 10 are installed in a closed radiation vessel.
  • the irradiation vessel encloses an irradiation space which is at least one Irradiation module is illuminated.
  • FIG. 3 schematically shows an exemplary embodiment for a device 10 according to the invention discontinuous irradiation of substrates.
  • a rectangular one provided with feet 21 Containers with a length of 2.10 m, a width of 80 cm and a height of 80 cm were made with four 1.50 m long, with 10 radiation modules 10 provided with planar fluorescent tubes 18.
  • the Irradiation modules 10 were placed on the bottom of the container, the sides and the lid of the container attached. The upper radiation module can be lifted with the lid of the container.
  • the fluorescent tubes 18 in the radiation modules 10 were cooled by cross-flow fans.
  • the tops of the plates 15 of the radiation modules define and enclose a rectangular one Irradiation room 22 of 1.60 m long, 60 cm wide and 40 cm high.
  • a rectangular one Irradiation room 22 of 1.60 m long, 60 cm wide and 40 cm high.
  • the radiation room 22 there are also four laterally arranged tubes 23 each with 40 holes for Intake of nitrogen.
  • Such a device 20 can be operated as follows.
  • the coated substrates are introduced into the radiation room 22. Thereafter, the irradiation room 22 with inert gas flooded.
  • an oxygen concentration of 5%, preferably 1%, is particularly preferred 0.1% the irradiation is started and ended after the layer has hardened.
  • the duration the irradiation is typically about 30 to 300 s.
  • the device according to the invention in particular for curing coatings on moldings. They allow the application of radiation curing e.g. For example in the craft area for production and repair.
  • the moderate electrical connected load of the modules is advantageous, which is typically 1 to 2 kW.
  • a car rim was coated on all sides with a radiation-curing spray paint as the molded body.
  • the rim was provided with a holder at the valve hole and hung in the irradiation room 22. After the radiation chamber 22 was closed, it was flooded with nitrogen. The concentration of the oxygen was measured and displayed with a sensor in the radiation room 22. After 2 minutes flooding with a nitrogen flow of 60 m 3 / h, an oxygen concentration of less than 0.1% was reached. After reaching this value, the nitrogen flow was reduced to 10 m3 / h and the irradiation started. After an irradiation time of 2 minutes, the nitrogen was turned off and the device 20 was opened. The paint on the rim was hardened in all places and could not be damaged even under manual pressure.
  • an irradiation tunnel 30 can also be constructed using the described radiation modules 10 be as it is shown schematically in Figure 4.
  • the radiation modules 10 are arranged on the sides and on the top so that they are one Define and enclose tunnel-shaped irradiation room 32. In it z.
  • coated substrates are cured during the run.
  • the lighting length of the radiation room 32 up to 4 m. If the curing takes place within about 30 to 300 s, the throughput speeds are from 0.8 to 8 m / min possible. It should be noted that during the Pass and the radiation the residual oxygen concentration should be sufficiently low.
  • Atmospheric oxygen should not exceed the limit of 5%. Therefore are advantageous locks and / or suitable nozzles for feeding, especially in the direction of conveyance in front of the radiation zone of inert gas, preferably nitrogen, are provided, which prevent the swirling of air.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
  • Coating Apparatus (AREA)
  • Heating, Cooling, Or Curing Plastics Or The Like In General (AREA)
  • Treatments Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)
  • Polymerisation Methods In General (AREA)

Abstract

The sheet materials are treated with radiation from one or more intensity variable interconnected modular panels (10) comprising closely stacked narrow mercury vapour UV tubes (18) on a base plate (11) having an electrical connector and handles and UV transparent cover (15) and ventilation ducts (16).

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zur Härtung strahlungshärtbarer Beschichtungen welche mindestens eine mit mehreren UV-Strahlungsquellen versehene Bestrahlungskammer aufweist, insbesondere von mit solchen Beschichtungen versehenen flächigen oder dreidimensionalen Substraten.The present invention relates to a device for curing radiation-curable coatings which has at least one radiation chamber provided with a plurality of UV radiation sources has, in particular of flat or three-dimensional provided with such coatings Substrates.

Bekannt ist die Härtung strahlungshärtbarer Beschichtungen durch energiereiche UV-Strahlung, bspw. unter Verwendung von Mitteldruck-Quecksilber-Strahlern oder UV-Excimerstrahlern (R. Mehnert et al., UV εt EB Technology and Application, SITA-Valley, London 1998). Die spezifische elektrische Leistung dieser Strahler liegt typischerweise zwischen 50 und 240 W pro cm Strahlerlänge. Bei einer Strahlerlänge von 1 m beträgt die umgesetzte elektrische Leistung also zwischen 5 und 24 kW. Diese leistungsstarken Strahler werden vor allem für die Härtung von Beschichtungen auf flächigen Substraten eingesetzt. Auf der zu härtenden Schicht werden typische Beleuchtungsstärken von 100 bis 1000 mW/cm2 gemessen. Hiermit ist es möglich, Härtungszeiten von 100ms und weniger zu erreichen. Ein derartiges System ist bspw. aus der DE 24 25 217 A1 bekannt.The curing of radiation-curable coatings by high-energy UV radiation is known, for example using medium-pressure mercury lamps or UV excimer lamps (R. Mehnert et al., UV εt EB Technology and Application, SITA Valley, London 1998). The specific electrical power of these lamps is typically between 50 and 240 W per cm of lamp length. With a lamp length of 1 m, the electrical power converted is between 5 and 24 kW. These high-performance emitters are primarily used for the curing of coatings on flat substrates. Typical illuminance levels of 100 to 1000 mW / cm 2 are measured on the layer to be cured. This makes it possible to achieve curing times of 100ms and less. Such a system is known, for example, from DE 24 25 217 A1.

Eine gattungsgemäße Vorrichtung ist bspw. auch aus der WO 96/34700 A1 und der FR 2 230 831 A1 bekannt.A generic device is also, for example, from WO 96/34700 A1 and FR 2 230 831 A1 known.

Bei der Anwendung von Mitteldruck-Quecksilber-Strahlern ist zu beachten, dass ca. 50 % der elektrischen Leistung in Wärme umgesetzt wird. Eine eng nebeneinander liegende Anordnung derartiger Strahler scheitert nicht nur aus Gründen einer thermischen Überhitzung, sondern auch wegen der notwendigen Hochspannungszuführung an den Enden (Elektroden) der Strahler.When using medium-pressure mercury lamps, it should be noted that approx. 50% of the electrical Power is converted into heat. A closely spaced arrangement of such The heater fails not only because of thermal overheating, but also because of it the necessary high-voltage supply at the ends (electrodes) of the radiators.

Bei UV-Excimerstrahlern wird die Wärme zwar durch Kühlung der Lampenoberfläche abgeführt, der Abstand zwischen benachbarten Röhren und ihre geometrische Anordnung wird jedoch ebenfalls durch die notwendige Hochspannungszuführung beschränkt. With UV excimer lamps, the heat is dissipated by cooling the lamp surface However, distance between adjacent tubes and their geometric arrangement will also change limited by the necessary high voltage supply.

Wegen der biologischen Wirkungen von UV-Strahlen sind umfangreiche Abschirm- und andere Schutzmaßnahmen erforderlich, wenn diese UV-Strahler eingesetzt werden. Zur Härtung von Beschichtungen auf dreidimensionalen Objekten werden z. Bsp. einzelne UV-Strahler so in geschlossenen Räumen angebracht, dass ein ausreichender Strahlungsschutz gewährt werden kann. Eine ausreichend homogene Bestrahlung der zu härtenden Beschichtungen auf dreidimensionalen Substraten ist jedoch praktisch unmöglich. Der Energieaufwand für die Härtung wird deshalb durch den Aufwand für die Härtung von Schichtbereichen bestimmt, die nur durch schräg einfallende Strahlung oder Streustrahlung erreicht werden können.Because of the biological effects of UV rays, there are extensive shielding and others Protective measures are required if these UV lamps are used. For curing coatings on three-dimensional objects such. For example, individual UV lamps in closed form Appropriate rooms that adequate radiation protection can be granted. A sufficiently homogeneous irradiation of the coatings to be hardened on three-dimensional substrates however, is practically impossible. The energy expenditure for hardening is therefore through the effort required for the hardening of layer areas determined only by obliquely incident Radiation or scattered radiation can be achieved.

Die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung besteht somit darin, eine gattungsgemäße Vorrichtung bereit zu stellen, die sowohl zur Behandlung flächiger als auch dreidimensionaler Substrate geeignet ist, bei der der Energieaufwand verringert und bei der auf aufwendige Strahlen- und Wärmeschutzmaßnahmen verzichtet werden kann.The object of the present invention is therefore to provide a generic device to provide suitable for the treatment of both flat and three-dimensional substrates is in which the energy expenditure is reduced and in the case of complex radiation and heat protection measures can be dispensed with.

Die Lösung besteht darin, dass mehrere UV-Strahlungsquellen eng nebeneinander angeordnet und zu ein oder mehreren Bestrahlungsmodulen zusammen geschaltet sind, wobei die Beleuchtungsstärke innerhalb eines Bestrahlungsmoduls und/oder zwischen mindestens zwei Bestrahlungsmodulen räumlich variabel ist.The solution is that several UV radiation sources are arranged close together and are connected together to form one or more radiation modules, the illuminance within an irradiation module and / or between at least two irradiation modules is spatially variable.

Erfindungsgemäß ist also vorgesehen, dass die Vorrichtung aus geometrisch geeigneten Anordnungen von mehreren eng nebeneinanderliegenden Strahlungsquellen aufgebaut wird. Jede dieser Anordnungen wird als Bestrahlungsmodul bezeichnet. Als Bestrahlungsmodul wird hier also eine flächenhafte Anordnung von dicht nebeneinander angeordneten Strahlungsquellen (bspw. mit gemeinsamer elektrischer Versorgung) verstanden. Die einhüllende Fläche der Strahlungsquellen jedes Moduls kann eben oder gekrümmt sein. Es können Bestrahlungsmodule aufgebaut werden, die Licht in eine ausgewählte, auch gekrümmte, Bestrahlungsebene fokussieren und eine geometrisch weitgehende homogene Bestrahlung der Substratoberflächen ermöglichen.It is therefore provided according to the invention that the device consists of geometrically suitable arrangements is built up by several radiation sources lying close together. Any of these arrangements is called an irradiation module. As a radiation module, a flat area is used here Arrangement of radiation sources arranged close to each other (e.g. with a common electrical supply) understood. The enveloping area of the radiation sources each Module can be flat or curved. Irradiation modules can be built up, the light focus into a selected, even curved, radiation plane and a geometrically extensive one enable homogeneous irradiation of the substrate surfaces.

Der Aufbau erfolgt somit derart, dass im Inneren der Bestrahlungskammer, in der die strahlungshärtbaren Beschichtungen gehärtet werden, eine räumlich variable Beleuchtungsstärke so eingestellt wird, dass die zu härtende Beschichtung homogen gehärtet wird, ohne dass ein störender Wärmeeintrag in Beschichtung und/oder Substrat erfolgt. Die Variation kann einerseits durch Einstellung der einhüllenden Flächen der Strahlungsquellen eines einzelnen Moduls und andererseits durch die räumliche Anordnung der Bestrahlungsmodule zueinander in der Vorrichtung erfolgen, wobei eine Vielzahl geometrischer Anordnungen realisierbar ist. Durch den modularen Aufbau kann die Vorrichtung also an die Geometrie des zu behandelnden Substrates angepasst werden, so dass der Energieaufwand verringert wird. Dies hat ferner zur Folge, dass der biologische Strahlenschutz vereinfacht wird, d.h. beschränkt werden kann, bspw. auf Maßnahmen, wie sie für die Benutzung von Bräunungslampen gelten.The structure is thus such that inside the radiation chamber in which the radiation-curable Coatings are cured, a spatially variable illuminance is set is that the coating to be hardened is hardened homogeneously, without a disturbing Heat is introduced into the coating and / or substrate. The variation can be done by setting the enveloping surfaces of the radiation sources of a single module and on the other hand due to the spatial arrangement of the radiation modules in the device, a large number of geometric arrangements can be implemented. Due to the modular structure the device can thus be adapted to the geometry of the substrate to be treated, so that the energy expenditure is reduced. This also has the consequence that biological radiation protection is simplified, i.e. can be limited, for example, to measures such as those for use of tanning lamps apply.

Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen. Als Strahlungsquellen kommen Lampen, vorzugsweise Leuchtstoffröhren, niedriger elektrischer Leistung, etwa von 0,1 bis 10 W pro cm Strahlerlänge, in Betracht, die bspw. ein kontinuierliches Emissionsspektrum zwischen 200 und 450 nm, vorzugsweise zwischen 300 und 450 nm aufweisen. Da die Wärmeentwicklung niedriger ist als bei Hochleistungs-UV-Strahlern, genügt es, deren Oberfläche lediglich bspw. mit einem Luftstrom zu kühlen.Advantageous further developments result from the subclaims. Coming as sources of radiation Lamps, preferably fluorescent tubes, of low electrical power, from about 0.1 to 10 W per cm of radiator length, which, for example, has a continuous emission spectrum between 200 and 450 nm, preferably between 300 and 450 nm. Because the heat is lower than with high-performance UV lamps, it is sufficient to have their surface, for example to cool an air stream.

Derartige Lampen sind an sich bekannt und werden bspw. als Bräunungslampen in Solarien eingesetzt. Bei einer spezifischen Leistung von bspw. 1 W pro cm Strahlerlänge und der daraus resultierenden geringen Beleuchtungsstärke sind diese Lampen als solche an und für sich nicht für technische Anwendungen zur Härtung strahlungshärtbarer Beschichtungen geeignet. Derartige Lampen, die typischerweise mit Reflektoren mit Abstrahlwinkeln von bspw. ca. 160° versehen sind, in der Regel standardisierte Abmessungen aufweisen (Durchmesser der Röhren ca. 25 bis 45 cm, Leuchtlänge bis ca. 200 cm) und bei einer Betriebsspannung von 220 V betrieben werden, sind sehr gut als Strahlungsquellen für die erwähnten Bestrahlungsmodule geeignet. Dies betrifft insbesondere die Reflektoren, die die Fokussierung in die gewünschte Bestrahlungsebene vereinfachen. Vorteilhaft ist auch ihre hohe Photonenausbeute von ca. 30 % der elektrischen Leistung.Such lamps are known per se and are used, for example, as tanning lamps in solariums. With a specific power of, for example, 1 W per cm of lamp length and the resulting As such, these lamps are low illuminance per se and not for technical purposes Applications suitable for curing radiation-curable coatings. Such lamps, which are typically provided with reflectors with beam angles of, for example, approx. 160 °, in which Usually have standardized dimensions (diameter of the tubes approx. 25 to 45 cm, light length up to approx. 200 cm) and operated at an operating voltage of 220 V are very good suitable as radiation sources for the aforementioned radiation modules. This applies in particular the reflectors, which simplify focusing in the desired radiation level. Advantageous is also their high photon yield of approx. 30% of the electrical power.

Mit Bestrahlungsmodulen dieser Ausführung erreicht man bspw. in 10 cm Abstand von der Strahlungsquelle Beleuchtungsstärken von typischerweise etwa 20 mW/cm2. Diese Beleuchtungsstärken sind zwar um den Faktor 5 bis 50 kleiner als die mit herkömmlichen UV-Strahlern erreichbaren, reichen jedoch aus, um Beschichtungen bei Bestrahlungszeiten von etwa 30 bis 300 s auszuhärten. With radiation modules of this type, illuminance levels of typically about 20 mW / cm 2 are achieved, for example, at a distance of 10 cm from the radiation source. Although these illuminance levels are 5 to 50 times smaller than those achievable with conventional UV lamps, they are sufficient to cure coatings at irradiation times of approximately 30 to 300 s.

Eine weitere vorteilhafte Weiterbildung besteht darin, dass wenigstens ein Bestrahlungsmodul um mindestens eine seiner drei Raumachsen bewegbar in der Vorrichtung angeordnet ist. Dies erleichtert die geometrische Anpassung an das Substrat und die Fokussierung der Strahlen in der gewünschten Bestrahlungsebene.Another advantageous development consists in that at least one radiation module at least one of its three spatial axes is movably arranged in the device. This makes it easier the geometric adaptation to the substrate and the focusing of the beams in the desired Irradiation plane.

Um die Haftung strahlungsgehärteter Beschichtungen auf einigen Substraten, wie bspw. Polypropylen, Polycarbonat und Polyamid, zu verbessern, ist es vorteilhaft, die Beleuchtungsstärke auch zeitlich zu variieren. Beginnt man die Bestrahlung bspw. mit einer kleinen Beleuchtungsstärke, kann die bei der Härtung stets schrumpfende Schicht besser relaxieren als bei sofortiger Bestrahlung mit hoher Beleuchtungsstärke. Spannungen zwischen der zu härtenden Schicht und dem Substrat können sich besser ausgleichen. Die Folge ist eine bessere Haftung der gehärteten Schicht auf dem Substrat. Eine zeitliche Steuerung der Leistung der einzelnen Bestrahlungsmodule ist auf einfache Weise möglich, so dass sich dieses vorteilhafte Bestrahlungsregime nutzen lässt.To ensure that radiation-hardened coatings adhere to some substrates, such as polypropylene, Polycarbonate and polyamide, it is advantageous to improve the illuminance too to vary in time. If you start the irradiation, for example, with a small illuminance, can relax the layer that shrinks during hardening better than with immediate irradiation with high illuminance. Tensions between the layer to be hardened and the substrate can balance each other out better. The result is better adhesion of the hardened layer the substrate. Timing the performance of the individual radiation modules is simple Possible way, so that this advantageous radiation regime can be used.

Beleuchtungsstärken, die durch die Zusammenschaltung geeigneter Strahlungsquellen zu Bestrahlungsmodulen erreicht werden, sind insbesondere dann für die Härtung der strahlungshärtenden Beschichtung ausreichend, wenn die Härtung unter einem inerten Schutzgas wie bspw. Stickstoff erfolgt. Die Durchführung der Strahlungshärtung unter Schutzgas ist an sich bekannt und bspw. in der DE 199 57 900 A1, der EP 540 884 A1 sowie in den oben erwähnten Druckschriften beschrieben.Illuminance levels through the interconnection of suitable radiation sources to form radiation modules are achieved, in particular then for the curing of the radiation-curing Coating sufficient if hardening under an inert protective gas such as nitrogen he follows. The implementation of radiation curing under protective gas is known per se and, for example, in DE 199 57 900 A1, EP 540 884 A1 and in the publications mentioned above.

Ausführungsbeispiele der vorliegenden Erfindung werden im Folgenden anhand der beigefügten Zeichnungen näher erläutert. Es zeigen:

Figur 1a:
eine schematische, nicht maßstabsgetreue Darstellung einer Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Bestrahlungsmoduls in der Ansicht von unten;
Figur 1b:
das Bestrahlungsmodul aus Figur 1a in einer Seitenansicht gemäß Pfeil B;
Figur 1c
das Bestrahlungsmodul aus Figur 1a in einer Seitenansicht gemäß Pfeil C;
Figur 2
einen Schnitt entlang der Linie II - II in Figur 1a;
Figur 3
eine schematische, nicht maßstabsgetreue Seitenansicht eines Ausführungsbeispiels der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung für die diskontinuierliche Bestrahlung;
Figur 4
eine schematische, nicht maßstabsgetreue Seitenansicht eines Ausführungsbeispiels der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung für die kontinuierliche Bestrahlung.
Exemplary embodiments of the present invention are explained in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Show it:
Figure 1a:
a schematic, not to scale representation of an embodiment of the radiation module according to the invention in the view from below;
Figure 1b:
the radiation module of Figure 1a in a side view according to arrow B;
Figure 1c
the radiation module of Figure 1a in a side view according to arrow C;
Figure 2
a section along the line II - II in Figure 1a;
Figure 3
a schematic, not to scale side view of an embodiment of the device for discontinuous radiation;
Figure 4
is a schematic, not to scale side view of an embodiment of the device according to the invention for continuous radiation.

Der Aufbau des erfindungsgemäßen Bestrahlungsmoduls 10 geht exemplarisch aus dem in den Figuren 1 und 2 dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel hervor. Die Komponenten sind auf einer Grundplatte 11, montiert. Die Grundplatte 11 besteht vorzugsweise aus einem Metall wie Aluminium oder Stahl oder einer Metalllegierung und weist auf ihrer Rückseite die notwendigen elektrischen Anschlüsse 13 sowie ggf. eine Halterung 12 auf. Ferner können dort Vorrichtungen zum Einbau des Bestrahlungsmoduls 10 in Bestrahlungsanlagen und Vorrichtungen zur Bewegung des Bestrahlungsmoduls 10 vorgesehen sein. Auf der Grundplatte sind ferner die Starter und Anschlüsse für UV-Strahlungsquellen 18 montiert. Außerdem befinden sich hier Ein- und Ausgang für eine Lüftung 16 der Strahlungsquellen 18. Für diesen Zweck sind bspw. Querstromlüfter geeignet.The structure of the radiation module 10 according to the invention is exemplarily based on that in the figures 1 and 2 shown embodiment. The components are on a base plate 11, assembled. The base plate 11 is preferably made of a metal such as aluminum or Steel or a metal alloy and has on the back the necessary electrical Connections 13 and possibly a bracket 12. Furthermore, devices for installing the Irradiation module 10 in irradiation systems and devices for moving the irradiation module 10 may be provided. The starter and connections for are also on the base plate UV radiation sources 18 mounted. There is also an inlet and outlet for ventilation 16 of the radiation sources 18. Cross-flow fans, for example, are suitable for this purpose.

Auf der Vorderseite der Grundplatte 11 ist ferner ein Rahmen 14 vorgesehen, innerhalb dessen die Lüftung 16 und die UV-Strahlungsquellen 18 eingebaut sind. Geeignete UV-Strahlungsquellen 18 sind bspw. Leuchtstoffröhren, wie sie als Bräunungslampen in Solarien verwendet werden. Derartige Leuchtstoffröhren weisen in der Regel standardisierte Abmessungen auf, bspw. eine Leuchtlänge von 2 m bei einem Durchmesser von 25 bis 45 cm. Sie können ferner mit Reflektoren versehen sein, die einen Abstrahlwinkel von bspw. ca. 160° aufweisen. Diese Leuchtstoffröhren werden bei einer Betriebsspannung von 220 V betrieben.On the front of the base plate 11, a frame 14 is also provided, within which the Ventilation 16 and the UV radiation sources 18 are installed. Suitable UV radiation sources 18 are, for example, fluorescent tubes as are used as tanning lamps in solariums. such Fluorescent tubes generally have standardized dimensions, for example a light length of 2 m with a diameter of 25 to 45 cm. They can also be provided with reflectors, which have a radiation angle of approximately 160 °, for example. These fluorescent tubes are used in one Operating voltage of 220 V.

Der Rahmen 14 mit der Lüftung 16 und den UV-Strahlungsquellen 18 ist nach drei Seiten luftdicht von einer UV-durchlässigen Platte 15, bspw. aus Kunststoff, wie bspw. Polymethylmethacrylat oder Polycarbonat, umschlossen. Die Oberfläche der Platte 15 bildet die Vorderseite des Bestrahlungsmoduls 10, wie es der die Strahlungsrichtung symbolisierende Pfeil A verdeutlicht.The frame 14 with the ventilation 16 and the UV radiation sources 18 is airtight on three sides from a UV-permeable plate 15, for example made of plastic, such as polymethyl methacrylate or Polycarbonate, enclosed. The surface of the plate 15 forms the front of the radiation module 10, as illustrated by the arrow A symbolizing the direction of radiation.

Ein oder mehrere Bestrahlungsmodule 10 werden in ein abgeschlossenes Bestrahlungsgefäß eingebaut. Das Bestrahlungsgefäß umschließt einen Bestrahlungsraum, der von dem mindestens einen Bestrahlungsmodul beleuchtet wird. One or more radiation modules 10 are installed in a closed radiation vessel. The irradiation vessel encloses an irradiation space which is at least one Irradiation module is illuminated.

Figur 3 zeigt schematisch ein Ausführungsbeispiel für eine erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung 10 zur diskontinuierlichen Bestrahlung von Substraten. Ein mit Standfüßen 21 versehener rechteckiger Behälter von 2,10 m Länge, 80 cm Breite und 80 cm Höhe wurde mit vier 1,50 m langen, mit 10 planar angeordneten Leuchtstoffröhren 18 versehenen Bestrahlungsmodulen 10 ausgerüstet. Die Bestrahlungsmodule 10 wurden an Rahmen des Behälters am Boden, den Seiten und dem Deckel befestigt. Das obere Bestrahlungsmodul kann mit dem Deckel des Behälters angehoben werden. Die Kühlung der Leuchtstoffröhren 18 in den Bestrahlungsmodulen 10 erfolgte durch Querstromlüfter.FIG. 3 schematically shows an exemplary embodiment for a device 10 according to the invention discontinuous irradiation of substrates. A rectangular one provided with feet 21 Containers with a length of 2.10 m, a width of 80 cm and a height of 80 cm were made with four 1.50 m long, with 10 radiation modules 10 provided with planar fluorescent tubes 18. The Irradiation modules 10 were placed on the bottom of the container, the sides and the lid of the container attached. The upper radiation module can be lifted with the lid of the container. The The fluorescent tubes 18 in the radiation modules 10 were cooled by cross-flow fans.

Die Oberseiten der Platten 15 der Bestrahlungsmodule definieren und umschließen einen rechteckigen Bestrahlungsraum 22 von 1,60 m Länge, 60 cm Breite und 40 cm Höhe. Im Bestrahlungsraum 22 befinden sich ferner vier seitlich angeordnete Rohre 23 mit jeweils 40 Bohrungen zum Einlassen von Stickstoff.The tops of the plates 15 of the radiation modules define and enclose a rectangular one Irradiation room 22 of 1.60 m long, 60 cm wide and 40 cm high. In the radiation room 22 there are also four laterally arranged tubes 23 each with 40 holes for Intake of nitrogen.

Eine derartige Vorrichtung 20 kann wie folgt betrieben werden. Die beschichteten Substrate werden in den Bestrahlungsraum 22 eingebracht. Danach wird der Bestrahlungsraum 22 mit Inertgas geflutet. Bei Erreichen einer Sauerstoffkonzentration von 5 %, vorzugsweise 1 %, besonders bevorzugt 0,1 %, wird die Bestrahlung gestartet und nach Aushärtung der Schicht beendet. Die Dauer der Bestrahlung beträgt typischerweise etwa 30 bis 300 s. In dieser Ausführungsform eignet sich die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung insbesondere zur Härtung von Beschichtungen auf Formkörpern. Sie ermöglichen die Anwendung der Strahlungshärtung z. Bsp. im handwerklichen Bereich für Produktion und Reparatur. Vorteilhaft ist hierbei die moderate elektrische Anschlussleistung der Module, die typischerweise bei 1 bis 2 kW liegt.Such a device 20 can be operated as follows. The coated substrates are introduced into the radiation room 22. Thereafter, the irradiation room 22 with inert gas flooded. When an oxygen concentration of 5%, preferably 1%, is particularly preferred 0.1%, the irradiation is started and ended after the layer has hardened. The duration the irradiation is typically about 30 to 300 s. In this embodiment is suitable the device according to the invention in particular for curing coatings on moldings. They allow the application of radiation curing e.g. For example in the craft area for production and repair. The moderate electrical connected load of the modules is advantageous, which is typically 1 to 2 kW.

In einem Versuch wurde als Formkörper eine PKW-Felge mit einem strahlungshärtenden Spritzlack allseitig beschichtet. Die Felge wurde am Ventilloch mit einem Halter versehen und im Bestrahlungsraum 22 aufgehängt. Nach Schließen des Bestrahlungsraums 22 wurde dieser mit Stickstoff geflutet. Die Konzentration de Sauerstoffs wurde mit einem Sensor im Bestrahlungsraum 22 gemessen und angezeigt. Nach 2 min Fluten bei einem Stickstoffstrom von 60 m3/h wurde eine Sauerstoffkonzentration von unter 0,1 % erreicht. Nach Erreichen dieses Wertes wurde der Stickstoffstrom auf 10 m3/h verringert und die Bestrahlung gestartet. Nach einer Bestrahlungszeit von 2 min wurde der Stickstoff abgestellt und die Vorrichtung 20 geöffnet. Die Lackierung auf der Felge war an allen Stellen gehärtet und konnte auch unter manuellem Druck nicht beschädigt werden. In an experiment, a car rim was coated on all sides with a radiation-curing spray paint as the molded body. The rim was provided with a holder at the valve hole and hung in the irradiation room 22. After the radiation chamber 22 was closed, it was flooded with nitrogen. The concentration of the oxygen was measured and displayed with a sensor in the radiation room 22. After 2 minutes flooding with a nitrogen flow of 60 m 3 / h, an oxygen concentration of less than 0.1% was reached. After reaching this value, the nitrogen flow was reduced to 10 m3 / h and the irradiation started. After an irradiation time of 2 minutes, the nitrogen was turned off and the device 20 was opened. The paint on the rim was hardened in all places and could not be damaged even under manual pressure.

Mit den beschriebenen Strahlungsmodulen 10 kann aber auch ein Bestrahlungstunnel 30 aufgebaut werden, wie er in Figur 4 schematisch dargestellt ist. In einem solchen Bestrahlungstunnel 30 sind die Bestrahlungsmodule 10 an den Seiten und am der Oberseite so angeordnet, dass sie einen tunnelförmigen Bestrahlungsraum 32 definieren und umschließen. Darin können z. Bsp. über Förderzeuge durchlaufende, beschichtete Substrate während des Durchlaufes gehärtet werden. Werden bspw. zwei Bestrahlungsmodule in Reihe angeordnet, kann die Leuchtlänge des Bestrahlungsraums 32 bis zu 4 m betragen. Erfolgt die Härtung innerhalb von etwa 30 bis 300 s, sind Durchlaufgeschwindigkeiten von 0,8 bis 8 m/min möglich. Zu beachten ist dabei, dass während des Durchlaufs und der Bestrahlung die Sauerstoff-Restkonzentration ausreichend niedrig sein sollte. Der durch die Bewegung des zu bestrahlenden Formkörpers in die Bestrahlungszone eingetragene Luftsauerstoff sollte den Grenzwert von 5 % nicht überschreiten. Deshalb sind vorteilhafterweise vor allem in Förderrichtung vor der Bestrahlungszone Schleusen und/oder geeignete Düsen zur Einspeisung von Inertgas, vorzugsweise Stickstoff, vorgesehen, die das Einwirbeln von Luft verhindern.However, an irradiation tunnel 30 can also be constructed using the described radiation modules 10 be as it is shown schematically in Figure 4. In such an irradiation tunnel 30 the radiation modules 10 are arranged on the sides and on the top so that they are one Define and enclose tunnel-shaped irradiation room 32. In it z. For example via conveyors continuous, coated substrates are cured during the run. Become For example, two radiation modules arranged in series, the lighting length of the radiation room 32 up to 4 m. If the curing takes place within about 30 to 300 s, the throughput speeds are from 0.8 to 8 m / min possible. It should be noted that during the Pass and the radiation the residual oxygen concentration should be sufficiently low. The entered by the movement of the molded body to be irradiated in the radiation zone Atmospheric oxygen should not exceed the limit of 5%. Therefore are advantageous locks and / or suitable nozzles for feeding, especially in the direction of conveyance in front of the radiation zone of inert gas, preferably nitrogen, are provided, which prevent the swirling of air.

Claims (14)

Vorrichtung (20, 30) zur Härtung strahlungshärtbarer Beschichtungen, welche mindestens eine mit mehreren UV-Strahlungsquellen (18) versehene Bestrahlungskammer (22, 32) aufweist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass mehrere UV-Strahlungsquellen (18) eng nebeneinander angeordnet und zu ein oder mehreren Bestrahlungsmodulen (10) zusammen geschaltet sind, wobei die Beleuchtungsstärke innerhalb eines Bestrahlungsmoduls (10) und/oder zwischen mindestens zwei Bestrahlungsmodulen (10) räumlich variabel ist.Device (20, 30) for curing radiation-curable coatings, which has at least one radiation chamber (22, 32) provided with a plurality of UV radiation sources (18), characterized in that a plurality of UV radiation sources (18) are arranged closely next to one another and to form one or more Irradiation modules (10) are connected together, the illuminance within an irradiation module (10) and / or between at least two irradiation modules (10) being spatially variable. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass als UV-Strahlungsquellen Lampen, vorzugsweise Leuchtstoffröhren (18) mit einer Leistung von 0,1 bis 10 W pro cm Strahlerlänge, vorzugsweise 1 W pro cm Strahlerlänge, vorgesehen sind.Device according to Claim 1, characterized in that lamps, preferably fluorescent tubes (18) with an output of 0.1 to 10 W per cm of lamp length, preferably 1 W per cm of lamp length, are provided as UV radiation sources. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, das die UV-Strahlungsquellen (18) ein kontinuierliches Emissionsspektrum zwischen 200 und 450 nm, vorzugsweise zwischen 300 und 450 nm aufweisen.Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the UV radiation sources (18) have a continuous emission spectrum between 200 and 450 nm, preferably between 300 and 450 nm. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 2 oder 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine Lüftung (16) zur Kühlung der Oberfläche der UV-Strahlungsquellen (18) vorgesehen ist.Device according to one of claims 2 or 3, characterized in that a ventilation (16) for cooling the surface of the UV radiation sources (18) is provided. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zumindest mehrere Strahlungsquellen (18) Reflektoren, vorzugsweise mit Abstrahlwinkeln von 160° aufweisen.Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least several radiation sources (18) have reflectors, preferably with radiation angles of 160 °. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass wenigstens ein Bestrahlungsmodul (10) um mindestens eine seiner Achsen bewegbar in der Vorrichtung (20, 30) angeordnet ist. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one radiation module (10) is arranged in the device (20, 30) so as to be movable about at least one of its axes. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Beleuchtungsstärke mindestens eines Bestrahlungsmoduls (10) zeitlich variabel einstellbar ist.Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the illuminance of at least one radiation module (10) is variably adjustable in time. Bestrahlungsmodul (10), insbesondere für eine Vorrichtung (20, 30) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es mehrere UV-Strahlungsquellen (18) aufweist, die eng nebeneinander angeordnet und zusammen geschaltet sind, wobei die Beleuchtungsstärke innerhalb des Bestrahlungsmoduls (10) räumlich variabel ist.Irradiation module (10), in particular for a device (20, 30) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it has a plurality of UV radiation sources (18) which are arranged closely next to one another and connected together, the illuminance within the irradiation module ( 10) is spatially variable. Bestrahlungsmodul nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass als UV-Strahlungsquellen Lampen, vorzugsweise Leuchtstoffröhren (18) mit einer Leistung von 0,1 bis 10 W pro cm Strahlerlänge, vorzugsweise 1 W pro cm Strahlerlänge, vorgesehen sind.Irradiation module according to Claim 8, characterized in that lamps, preferably fluorescent tubes (18) with an output of 0.1 to 10 W per cm of lamp length, preferably 1 W per cm of lamp length, are provided as UV radiation sources. Bestrahlungsmodul nach einem der Ansprüche 8 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, das die UV-Strahlungsquellen (18) ein kontinuierliches Emissionsspektrum zwischen 200 und 450 nm, vorzugsweise zwischen 300 und 450 nm aufweisen.Irradiation module according to one of claims 8 to 9, characterized in that the UV radiation sources (18) have a continuous emission spectrum between 200 and 450 nm, preferably between 300 and 450 nm. Bestrahlungsmodul nach einem der Ansprüche 8 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine Lüftung (16) zur Kühlung der Oberfläche der UV-Strahlungsquellen (18) vorgesehen ist.Irradiation module according to one of claims 8 to 10, characterized in that a ventilation (16) for cooling the surface of the UV radiation sources (18) is provided. Bestrahlungsmodul nach einem der Ansprüche 8 bis 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zumindest mehrere Strahlungsquellen (18) Reflektoren, vorzugsweise mit Abstrahlwinkeln von 160° aufweisen.Irradiation module according to one of claims 8 to 11, characterized in that at least several radiation sources (18) have reflectors, preferably with radiation angles of 160 °. Bestrahlungsmodul nach einem der Ansprüche 8 bis 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es um mindestens eine seiner Achsen bewegbar in der Vorrichtung aufnehmbar ist.Irradiation module according to one of claims 8 to 12, characterized in that it can be accommodated in the device so as to be movable about at least one of its axes. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Beleuchtungsstärke mindestens eines Bestrahlungsmoduls (10) zeitlich variabel einstellbar ist.Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the illuminance of at least one radiation module (10) is variably adjustable in time.
EP03020307A 2002-09-13 2003-09-09 Apparatus for hardening UV-photocurable coatings Expired - Lifetime EP1400287B1 (en)

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DE10242719A DE10242719A1 (en) 2002-09-13 2002-09-13 Method for radiation hardening of suitable sheet materials has multiple narrow close fitting UV tubes on a plate with reflectors and ventilation

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US20040111914A1 (en) 2004-06-17
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US7089686B2 (en) 2006-08-15
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EP1400287B1 (en) 2006-12-06
ES2277008T3 (en) 2007-07-01

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