EP1399717A1 - Dispositif de determination et/ou de surveillance de l'etat de remplissage d'un recipient avec une substance - Google Patents

Dispositif de determination et/ou de surveillance de l'etat de remplissage d'un recipient avec une substance

Info

Publication number
EP1399717A1
EP1399717A1 EP02740731A EP02740731A EP1399717A1 EP 1399717 A1 EP1399717 A1 EP 1399717A1 EP 02740731 A EP02740731 A EP 02740731A EP 02740731 A EP02740731 A EP 02740731A EP 1399717 A1 EP1399717 A1 EP 1399717A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
unit
vibratable
control
vibrations
drive
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP02740731A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Clemens Heilig
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Endress and Hauser SE and Co KG
Original Assignee
Endress and Hauser SE and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Endress and Hauser SE and Co KG filed Critical Endress and Hauser SE and Co KG
Publication of EP1399717A1 publication Critical patent/EP1399717A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F23/00—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm
    • G01F23/22—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water
    • G01F23/28—Indicating or measuring liquid level or level of fluent solid material, e.g. indicating in terms of volume or indicating by means of an alarm by measuring physical variables, other than linear dimensions, pressure or weight, dependent on the level to be measured, e.g. by difference of heat transfer of steam or water by measuring the variations of parameters of electromagnetic or acoustic waves applied directly to the liquid or fluent solid material
    • G01F23/296—Acoustic waves
    • G01F23/2966—Acoustic waves making use of acoustical resonance or standing waves
    • G01F23/2967—Acoustic waves making use of acoustical resonance or standing waves for discrete levels

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for determining and / or monitoring the fill level of a medium in a container.
  • the device has a rod-shaped structure which projects into a container in which the liquid medium is stored.
  • the rod-shaped structure is attached to one side of the membrane.
  • the system "membrane rod-shaped structure” is excited to natural vibrations by a piezoelectric transducer, which is arranged on the other side of the membrane. Based on the decay behavior of the vibrations, it is recognized whether the system vibrates freely or whether it is in contact with the liquid.
  • a disadvantage of the known solution can be seen in the fact that the use of a membrane, on which the oscillatable unit must be positioned in a very defined manner, increases the manufacturing costs for the vibration detector.
  • Another disadvantage is that the natural frequency of the known system "membrane - oscillatable unit" is very sensitive to narrow-band interference from the outside. Process-related interference frequencies, such as those generated by conveyor belts and vibrators, are preferably in the bulk material range, preferably in the low-frequency range, in which the natural frequency of the vibrating system is usually also located. Since the influence of temporarily or continuously occurring disturbance variables cannot be distinguished from the current measurement data signaling the fill level, there is a risk that incorrect measurement data will be used to determine / monitor the fill level. As a result, the known device is unable to provide reliable information about the fill level of a medium in a container.
  • the invention has for its object to provide an inexpensive device for reliable detection of the level of a medium in a container.
  • a device which comprises the following components: a housing to which at least one oscillatable unit is fastened; a drive / receiver unit which is attached directly to the oscillatable unit and excites it to oscillate in at least one of its eigenmodes at predetermined time intervals; a control / evaluation unit which recognizes on the basis of the detected vibrations or the temporal change in the detected vibrations of the vibratable unit that the predetermined fill level has been reached and / or which on the basis of the detected vibrations or the change in the detected vibrations at least one sensor and / or recognizes process-related disturbance.
  • the oscillatable unit is a rod or a tube.
  • This rod or tube is excited to self-oscillate in at least one of its modes via the drive / receiver unit.
  • the oscillatable unit can consist, for example, of a metal (e.g. steel) or of a hard plastic such as PPS or PEEK.
  • a preferred embodiment of the device according to the invention provides a resilient element which is connected to the oscillatable unit in such a way that it is resiliently connected to the housing or to a fastening part. So it can be in the resilient element z. B. act as a membrane. This membrane serves to decouple the tube or rod vibrating in one of its own modes from the fastening part or the housing.
  • the fastening part itself is designed to be resilient. This is achieved, for example, by indentations which run radially and / or axially in the fastening part, so that the fastening part only has an outer shell which is as thin as possible.
  • the resilient attachment of the vibratable unit to the housing can be described as a spring-mass system, the resonance frequency of which is below the lowest natural frequency of the vibratable unit.
  • the resilient attachment thus fulfills the function of an acoustic low-pass filter, which serves to effectively decouple the oscillatable unit from the container.
  • a further possibility of decoupling the oscillating tube or the oscillating rod from the fastening part or the housing consists in inserting an intermediate piece made of a material whose acoustic Input impedance differs significantly from the input impedance of the material from which the vibratable unit is made.
  • the insert can be made of plastic.
  • the drive / receiver unit is at least one electromechanical converter.
  • a piezoelectric transducer is preferably used.
  • This at least one drive / receiver unit is attached to the oscillatable unit in such a way that it cannot come into direct contact with the medium.
  • the at least one drive / receiver unit is arranged inside the oscillatable tube.
  • the at least one drive / receiver unit is attached to the outer surface of the oscillatable unit.
  • the drive / receiver unit should be separated from the process or from the medium by a membrane or a closure piece.
  • the control / evaluation unit continuously excites the oscillatable unit to vibrate via a first electromechanical transducer; a second electromechanical transducer absorbs the vibrations; on the basis of the amplitude or the change in amplitude of the vibrations, the control Z evaluation unit detects when the predetermined fill level has been reached.
  • the control / evaluation unit recognizes when a predetermined fill level is reached.
  • the control / evaluation unit preferably excites the oscillatable unit to vibrate via the drive / receiver unit for a predetermined period of time; recognizes on the basis of the decay behavior, in particular on the basis of the decay time of the vibrations of the vibratable unit or the energy content of the decaying vibrations of the vibratable unit, or on the basis of the temporal change in the vibrational energy of the vibratable unit the control / evaluation unit as to whether the oscillatable unit oscillates freely or in contact with the filling material; Furthermore, the control / evaluation unit recognizes on the basis of the decay behavior or on the basis of the temporal change in the vibration energy whether at least one sensor and / or process-related disturbance variable occurs.
  • control / evaluation unit applies a periodic signal, a sweep signal or a noise signal to the drive / receiver unit.
  • the drive / receiver unit excites the oscillatable unit to oscillate in at least two mutually different modes.
  • sensor-related and / or process-related disturbance variables can be recognized, which may then be taken into account in the level determination or level monitoring.
  • higher-frequency and lower-frequency modes of such disturbance variables are damped to different extents is used to detect the formation of deposits or other disturbance variables.
  • the entire signal generation, signal processing and signal processing takes place in software using a microprocessor.
  • FIG. 3 shows a longitudinal section through a second embodiment of the device according to the invention
  • 4 shows a longitudinal section through a third embodiment of the device according to the invention
  • Fig. 5 a flow chart for evaluating the measurement data by the control ZAuswertisme.
  • the container can be, for example, a tank in which the medium is stored; Of course, it can also be a pipe through which a medium flows.
  • the vibration detector 1 has an essentially cylindrical housing 20 on which a fastening part 2 is provided.
  • the vibration detector 1 is positioned at a predetermined height of the container via the external thread 16 located on the fastening part 2.
  • the vibration detector 1 is preferably screwed into a corresponding opening in the container. It goes without saying that other types of attachment, e.g. by means of a flange that can replace screwing.
  • the oscillatable unit 3 is attached to an end face of the housing 20 or the fastening part 2 of the vibration detector 1.
  • the oscillatable unit 3 is either a tubular or rod-shaped structure.
  • the oscillatable unit 3 is resiliently mounted on the housing 20 or the fastening part 2 via a membrane 5, which is made of steel, for example.
  • a membrane 5 which is made of steel, for example.
  • the resonance frequency of the spring-mass system must be tuned well below the excitation frequencies of the oscillatable unit 3. Furthermore, the membrane 5 prevents the filling material from penetrating into the interior of the housing 20 of the vibration detector 1.
  • the oscillatable unit 3 is intermittently or continuously stimulated to self-oscillations in at least one mode by a drive / receiver unit 4.
  • the drive / receiver unit 4 is preferably an electromechanical transducer, in particular a piezoelectric transducer. Other types of transducers can of course also be used in connection with the device according to the invention.
  • the oscillatable unit 3 is preferably excited to natural vibrations in higher modes for the purpose of determining or monitoring a predetermined fill level.
  • Both a single mode with, for example, a sine signal and several modes, for example by means of a noise signal or a sine sweep, can be excited.
  • the stimulating signal is switched off at a defined point in time; the decay signal of the oscillatable unit 3 is then picked up using the same or a separate converter 4, 13, 14. This takes advantage of the fact that contact of the oscillatable unit 3 with the medium leads to increased friction losses, which is noticeable in a shortened decay time of the vibrations of the oscillatable unit 3.
  • the electrical transmit and receive signals are between the control ZAuswertisme 8 and the drive / receive unit 4; 13, 14 guided over connecting lines 6, 7.
  • the control / evaluation unit 8 is assigned a memory unit 11, in which measurement data are temporarily stored and setpoints are stored.
  • An evaluation algorithm makes it possible to identify process and or sensor-related disturbance variables that falsify the measurement data.
  • an embodiment of the device according to the invention provides that a build-up on the oscillatable unit 3 is recognized and that the measurement data is possibly corrected. Measurement data and error messages are visually and / or acoustically transmitted to the operating personnel via the output unit 10.
  • the vibration detector 1 shown in FIG. 1 is connected to a remotely located control or control center 11.
  • FIG. 2 shows a longitudinal section of a first embodiment of the vibration detector 1 according to the invention.
  • the oscillatable unit 3 is designed as a rod 22, which is preferably made of steel or a hard plastic.
  • the rod 22 extends into a recess 18 of the fastening part 2 and is locked on the fastening part 2 via a membrane 55.
  • the drive / reception unit 4 designed as a piezoelectric transducer is arranged in the region of the rod 22 which extends into the recess 18 of the fastening part 2.
  • the rod 22 is excited by the piezoelectric transducer 4 to vibrate in at least one mode.
  • the response signals are picked up by the same piezoelectric transducer 4 and forwarded to the control / evaluation unit 8 via signal lines, which are not shown separately in FIG. 2.
  • the fastening part 2 is screwed via the external thread 16 into a corresponding opening in the container.
  • a spring-mass system from a heavy fastening part 2 and a membrane 5, preferably a metal membrane, which the Function of an acoustic low pass.
  • the higher-frequency components of interference frequencies which are caused, for example, in the bulk goods area by conveyor belts or vibrators, are filtered out.
  • the resonance frequency of the spring-mass system must be matched well below the excitation frequencies of the rod 22.
  • the membrane 5 also prevents contamination of the electromechanical transducer 5, since it seals the inside of the fastening part 2 from the environment.
  • FIG. 3 shows a longitudinal section of a second embodiment of the vibration detector 1 according to the invention.
  • This embodiment differs from that shown in FIG. 2 in two components: on the one hand, the oscillatable unit 3 is a tube 21; on the other hand, the fastening part 2, in addition to the spring-mass system, formed from heavy fastening part 2 and membrane 5, is designed to be resilient in itself.
  • notches 17 are provided in the fastening part 2. These notches 17 run in such a way that ultimately only a relatively thin outer shell remains on the fastening part 2.
  • FIG. 4 shows a longitudinal section of a third embodiment of the vibration detector 1 according to the invention.
  • the oscillatable unit 3 is a tube 21.
  • a first end region of the tube 21 projects into the recess 18, which is provided in the fastening part 2.
  • the tube 21 is locked in its first end region directly on the wall 19 of the fastening part 2.
  • the drive unit 13 and the receiving unit 14 are fastened to the inner wall of the tube 21.
  • the second end region of the tube 21 is closed off by a closure piece 15.
  • Decoupling from the container - if this is necessary - can be achieved, for example, by inserting an intermediate piece, which is not shown separately in FIG. 4.
  • the intermediate piece should consist of a material whose acoustic input impedance differs significantly from the input impedance of the material from which the tube 21 is made.
  • the intermediate piece will be made of plastic if the tube 21 is made of a metal.
  • the two aforementioned variants can also be used to decouple the oscillatable unit 3 from the container in connection with the embodiment shown in FIG. 4.
  • the control / evaluation unit 8 is able to recognize both the influence of the attachment on the oscillatable unit 3 and of external vibrations. External vibrations are in the area of level detection of solid goods such. B. caused by a conveyor belt on which the filling material is transported, or filling material that comes into brief contact with the vibration detector 1 when filling the container. If the influence of these process and / or sensor-related disturbance variables is known, the level measurement data can be corrected. Consequently, the solution according to the invention enables a highly precise and reliable determination of the filling level of a liquid or solid filling material which is stored in a container.
  • a particularly outstanding feature in connection with a development of the device according to the invention is that both the signal generation and the measurement, filtering and evaluation of the measurement data take place in a computer (microprocessor). Therefore, only a minimum of analog technology is necessary.
  • a computer microprocessor
  • FIG. 5 how the software used in the microprocessor works in detail can be seen in FIG. 5 for a preferred embodiment of the invention. It should be mentioned that the software solution can of course at least partially be replaced by a corresponding analog technology.
  • For the reproduction of the excitation signals for example 1000 digital values are determined in both frequency ranges. These are buffered at 31, 41.
  • the digital values are converted into analog values; these analog values are supplied to the drive receiving unit 4 at a predetermined sample rate (e.g. 100 kHz).
  • the response signals supplied by the drive receiving unit 4 are converted into digital values at 33, 43 with the same sample rate.
  • the signals that are in the frequency range f1 ... f2 are filtered out.
  • the signals which are in the excited frequency range f3 ... f4 are filtered out.
  • the signals which are in the non-excited frequency range f1 ... f2 are also filtered out.
  • the effective values of the signals filtered at 34, 44 are calculated at 45, 46. External vibrations are suspected if vibrations occur in the frequency range f1 ... f2 that has not been excited. Depending on the strength of the external vibrations, it is then decided at program point 47 whether the measurement data can be used for the level measurement at all.
  • a moving averaging is carried out under program items 36, 48 using a certain number of measured values (e.g. using 6 measured values) from the frequency ranges f1 ... f2, f3 ... f4 ,
  • the ratio is formed from the mean values. From the value determined at 50, it can be determined qualitatively and Z or quantitatively whether or how much batch has formed on the oscillatable unit 3. The determined value is used to correct the level measurement data (program point 51). On the basis of the corrected measured value, a decision is then made at program point 52 whether the predetermined fill level in the container has been reached or not.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Levels Of Liquids Or Fluent Solid Materials (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Mechanical Vibrations Or Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
  • Measuring Volume Flow (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un dispositif économique destiné à une détermination et/ou surveillance fiable de l'état de remplissage d'un récipient avec une substance. Le dispositif présente les éléments suivants: un boîtier (20) contre lequel est fixée au moins une unité apte aux oscillations (3); une unité d'entraînement/de réception (4; 13, 14) qui est fixée directement contre l'unité apte aux oscillations (3) et met celle-ci en oscillations à intervalles de temps prédéterminées dans au moins l'un de ses modes propres; et une unité de réglage/évaluation (8) qui, grâce aux oscillations détectées ou à la modification temporelle des oscillations détectées de l'unité aptes aux oscillations (3), reconnaît l'arrivée à un état de remplissage prédéterminé et/ou qui, grâce aux oscillations détectées ou à la modification des oscillations détectées, reconnaît au moins une grandeur parasite de détection et/ou de processus.
EP02740731A 2001-06-27 2002-06-19 Dispositif de determination et/ou de surveillance de l'etat de remplissage d'un recipient avec une substance Withdrawn EP1399717A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10131081A DE10131081A1 (de) 2001-06-27 2001-06-27 Vorrichtung zur Bestimmung und/oder Überwachung des Füllstandes eines Mediums in einem Behälter
DE10131081 2001-06-27
PCT/EP2002/006750 WO2003002952A1 (fr) 2001-06-27 2002-06-19 Dispositif de determination et/ou de surveillance de l'etat de remplissage d'un recipient avec une substance

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1399717A1 true EP1399717A1 (fr) 2004-03-24

Family

ID=7689695

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP02740731A Withdrawn EP1399717A1 (fr) 2001-06-27 2002-06-19 Dispositif de determination et/ou de surveillance de l'etat de remplissage d'un recipient avec une substance

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US20040149030A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP1399717A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE10131081A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2003002952A1 (fr)

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DE102007057124A1 (de) * 2007-01-16 2008-07-17 Endress + Hauser Gmbh + Co. Kg Vorrichtung zur Bestimmung und/oder Überwachung einer Prozessgröße eines Mediums
CN101611294B (zh) 2007-01-16 2012-10-03 恩德莱斯和豪瑟尔两合公司 用于确定和/或者监测介质过程变量的装置
US8353209B1 (en) * 2009-09-30 2013-01-15 United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of National Aeronautics And Space Administration Radio frequency tank eigenmode sensor for propellant quantity gauging
DE102009045204A1 (de) * 2009-09-30 2011-04-28 Endress + Hauser Gmbh + Co. Kg Verfahren zur Bestimmung und/oder Überwachung mindestens einer physikalischen Prozessgröße
DE102011089010A1 (de) 2011-12-19 2013-06-20 Endress + Hauser Wetzer Gmbh + Co Kg Schwingsonde
EP2895825B1 (fr) 2012-09-12 2020-01-01 Street Smart Sensors LLC Capteur acoustique de niveau utilisant une propagation d'ondes en flexion
DE102015103071B3 (de) * 2015-03-03 2015-11-12 Endress + Hauser Gmbh + Co. Kg Vibronischer Sensor mit einem Stellelement
US10745263B2 (en) * 2015-05-28 2020-08-18 Sonicu, Llc Container fill level indication system using a machine learning algorithm
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2003002952A1 (fr) 2003-01-09
DE10131081A1 (de) 2003-01-09
US20040149030A1 (en) 2004-08-05

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